US1021105A - Air-craft. - Google Patents

Description

J. B. LAINGOR'& Gr J. YERGER.

' AIR SHAFT. APPiLIOATION FILED 13.14, 1910.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

' FIG. I

Patented Mar. 26, 1912.

J. B. LAINGOR & G. J. YERGER.

AIR CRAFT. APPLICATION FILED 1313.14, 1910.

1 ,02 1 1 ()5 Patented Mar. 26, 1912.

, 4 SHEETS SHEET 3.

FIG. E

11., my 10125- JIB. Lainyav;

G. Ii 67:98?)

J. B LAINGOR 1 G. J. YERGER.

AIR CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.14, 1910.

1,021,105. Patented Mar. 26, 1912,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESBES: INVENTOR BY w MJWMW 2% i .To all w/win z'tmay concern:

UN TE ST TE AT NT O E QE mssn n. *mmeon AND causes .1. genera; or-m I LApplieatlcn fled l'ebruary Be it known that we, JESSE B.' Lamoon and Gnoncn J Ynncnn, citizens of the United I '.bags are shown in elevation.

States, residing. at {Kansas} City, in the county ofJackson and State of ltlissou'rr,

have invented certain new and useful Img provements in Air-Craft; and we do declare the following to :-be a. full, clea'r,"a1id exact description of "the intention, suchas will enable others-skilled injthe area)" which ap'pertains ,to make'and'use the same, reference bing had,to ,the aceo n 'aanying draw ng w he let er df s re (9 ence marked ther n, which form. a i

to provide means whereby the" increasing tension upon the gas bags; during thelc'raft s n m ib i e by-p m e apn- Ition offthe as toipassginto anempty bag'or bagslinsteadfof "wasting to atmosphere; "to

provide'al ltomatic means whereby in event of the rupture of any? of th e gas bags, the

' gas-.w'ill'befretairied within an of the other on e line I.III of Fig. I, showing infull gas bags; to provide 'a pair ofjmotors', to-

gether with 'means by; which either motor when disabled'may be c'utf out/and the .other motor. connected to the :,-propeller drlvlng mechanism-withoutlos's of time}, and to'provide the improved details ct construction 'hereinafter described, and show'hin the ac- 40 companyingdrawings, in which:

, lgure 1 is a slde elevation of an air craft constructed. accordi ,to our invention, a portion-pf the. wall .0 It brokento'ut to expose the mechanism. F1g..

e engineroom' being II isan enlargedvertical section-viewed lines one of the parachute'wings'in extended position. Fig; III is an enlarged sectional Y V is a central vertical longitudinal smtion- Fig. VI is.

sas cIrY, mrssonnn l v V i T I dia 'ram showing in plan-the arrangement Patented l mit 2 11912..

of the gas bags in the upper tier. Fig. VIII .is'a detail view. In Figsl'II and'Y, the gas 1 Referring more in detail to the parts Between. the upper "and lower sect1ons'A,'B,"

the frame of thee-raft is constructed to pro-- vide an uppengas containing section A, a lowergas'contammg sectlongB, and a de'-' extending the full length 'of the craft, is-

ert-ical members" 3fand longitudinal and the ,transv'rse'nrembers 2; Both the up- ,rin air pas'sagefD, of ample capacity to permit the h-ir'to pass from front to rear o f'the 'T a I craft {when the craft isfin forward motion; 'Ihe't6D,6f the top framesection comprises ;loiig itudinal members 1 and transverse mem- 2, andjthe-sides of said sehtion-com zn'l'einbers 4. The j lower frame" section B, comprises the upper and lower, longitudinal ,,meinber's"' I; and4", the vertical members 3'-",-'

pergandllower sections are lined with wires ,6.'

'1 whichfarb .shbwn. as paralleland spa'ced at the: greatest practical distance 11' art ;--their function beinglto restr ain the sqdes of thegas bags 7." v

" The gas bags ma made of anv suitable material, and-are preferably, rectangular "inform so as to fill-completely their respective portions of the holding frames, and are arranged side by side and-in two rows, in each frame section A and B, as shown by Figs; II and 'VII. :The two rows of gas bagstin .theflowerframe section are spaced, above the 'engineroom'C, as shown Ian, viewed on the Iin'e-III III' of Fig 1 1g.

in Fig. II, thus providing-"a large open space between said rows, through which the operators may have access to the propeller shaft bearings, the rudders, lthe'upperjgas valves, and the upper gearings, all of which will be presently described; For supplyin tubes 8, (preferably flexible), each having jac'ent gas bags,"and having at one end an 'ope11 1 coupling 10 for connection with the anyba'g independentlyof the ofliers. 12 designates reserve 'bags' whiefiare not to be filled initially, but are leftempty'until the craft reaches an"elevation' at which the bags with gas thereare two? (or more valved connection 9 with the respective ada 'gas reservoir (no shown); B j the valves 9, gas may be admitted to and out et! from some gas must be released from the bags 7 to prevent bursting thereof. To this end,.

the rows of bags areinterconnected as at 13 in Fig. VII, and the endmost bags 7 are connected byhose 14 with the reserve. bags 12. In each tube 14 is a valve 15, which is preferably self closing and is operable-by a cord 16, that extends into the engine room -C. Each connection 13 is provided with a double disk valve 17'-'17, Fig. VL'havinga connecting stem '18, thevalves being adapted to close upon either of two valve seatsflQ-but' being normally retainedin' vertical position bythe equal pressures the bags with whichithevalve-is connected. v The stem 18 is held slidably Within the guide websor'cross-pieces 20, in or around which are apertures 21 for the passage of gas between the bags 7, which are connected bythetube13.

' When it is lieve thejgas bags'7, an operator pulls the cords 16 and-opens the valves 15, whereupon gas-will rush into the-empty'bags" 12 and willrelieve all the bags 7 equally, owing to the connections 13 .therebetween. 'Should any b age .7 cuthor torn when full, or burst y excessive '.pressure, the valves 17*18 in the tubes 13'connected with such -'bag.will be closed by the unbalanced res sures upon the valve ,disks 18, as one t ere of ,will' be practically exposed' to atmos phere'while the other will receive the prep-- 1 sure of the gas in the adjoining bag .7.

' in contributing to the. safety of the of" ft, will be-obvious, without explanation. he.

. he great'advantage of the mul of gas bags over one or two very large bags;

storage of expandedgas is also amanifest; advantage, as .heretofore, all gas permitted to escape from the-container has-been" lost.

There are two propellers, 22, at the stern of the. craft1an'd in direct alineinent with the-aforesaid air passage DJ. The propeller shafts 23 are shown as driven by bevel gears 24 from transverse shafts 25, which are driven bybevel gears 26 from a vertical shaft 27 which extends down into. the-engine room." 28 designates the bearingsfof'said shafts. At'o posite sides of the shaft 27 are two dup icate motors or engines '29,

each having a horizontal shaft 30. Each shaft 30 carries a clutch .member'31. A

shaft 32 in line with shafts '30 extends through the pillar bearing 28, and has keyed- 'thcreon a bevel gear 3 3 that meshes with.

a gear' 34; on the vertlcal'shaft 27; ,The

shaft 32 is provided with two clutch Iiiembers 35, adapted to coactwith the opposed clutch members 31. By opening or closing said clutches 31-35, an operator may dis- .connect either motor, from gear with shaft 27, or may disconnect. both motors at the same/time. Hence, should one .motor break down or stop running, the same can be indesirable or necessary to re-.

tiplici ty stantly thrown out -of gear and the other thrown in gear, and this may be dQne withdown before the second CllllCll'JS thrown in.

of spur earing if preferred and the propelleis 23 may two bladed, a'ndmay be much larger than-shown,

fright-and left areloca ted at the rear, and

as at37. Theyare connected by one or more rods; 38, having at 39 and holding the ru ders inparallel relation. Secured to each rudder is a latereach arm 40 isa cord or wire 41; said cords 'or wires passing 'forivardli hanger 42-providcd'with-pu1 eye over which said cords 'pass, downwardly, to 'airotary' wound. v

44 is a hand wheel on ashaftdfi', which is geared by. worm gearing '46 to thefllshaft of drum; 43. ,Whcnthef'handiwheclfiH is 52, on 'whic'h they said drum'lbeing jadapted for rotation by a wheel 53 through the shaft 54'; and'fworm pivotal points'.5.6 b ,alrod 57 which ;ho'lds them in paraIlePre lation; operation is, thefisame as main rudders 36L 1 The en' 'neand passenger roomC is rodescribed of the rooni be preferably, left epen, in order to reduce t e air iesistance; The corners of members 4f forez-and aft oi 'said' ro'om, by

"the first named ob'ect of the invention, we provide at each si e of the craft a wing 65,

1, and hangs against the upper frame, as shown in dotted lines, when t e craft is ascending, or slowl descending. The lower edge of the wing 15 stifiened by a longitudi? The rudders 36 for directing the craft to;

are hinged ,to the frame members 1, 4, 1f.

pivotal connections i turned, one cord or wire-41"w ill;l' bedrawn. toward the amine while'the'othercord on ,rvire will'be paid out, theineoming cord -or he room. G. are connected with the frame.

madeof any suitable flexible material, which is strongly secured to the top frame member out waiting for the propellers to come to a stop. -They should, however be slowed Friction'geuring may be employed instead.-

ally projecting arm 40,-nnd connected to p to a pulley drum 43,- on', which they, nre' oppositely throughT-Ithe medium-of. the connecting rod I madam e v are pivotal y'yconnected to .the'

ers;,areprovided pulley 5 1,};ahd downwardly to' a rotarydrum are oppositely. wound;

gem- 554 .The .rudders47 "are connected at Their mode-of videdwithj side windows 60, tho, ends 0 the 'tensionedwire braces, 63. In pursuance of nal strip 65. Secured to the lower frame members 1 and 4 are lugs or socket pieces 66, which are arranged to support vertical rods 67. Connected with the Wing strip 65 are a series of de ending stay-rods 68, whose lower ends are Formed into eyes 69 which loosely embrace the vertical rods 67; When the wing is fully distended the eyes 69 will bear against the upper socket pieces 66, and when the craft rises the Wing and its stay-rods 68 will descend. y

The above description applies'to the wing apparatus at each side of the craft, and designated by like numerals. These wing devices operate as automatic parachutes, whenever the car falls at a speed exceeding a certain rate, thereby preventing damage to the craft by striking any solid body at high speed downwardly. lVhen the craft is rising or moving forwardly, the wings will offer no added resistance to the air.

It will be noted that the frame of the craft is somewhat pointed, as seen in side elevation, in order to lessen the crai'ts resistance to the air. Preferably the lower part 77 of the stern frame is upwardly and rcarwardly inclined,

Having? thus described our invention,

What we claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letter-Patent In an air craft, a pair of: frames, one superposed above the other and. spaced therefrom to provide an air passage there between, gas bags contained within s: id frames, a cage suspended from the lower frame, the portion of said lower frame above said cage being open to provide for the passage of shaiting and operating ropes tl' erethrough, a horizontal rudder located at one. end of the craft and extending on each side thereof, a vertical rudder located at the opposite end of the craft and extending above said. upper frame, controlling); ropes connected with rudders and extending to said cage, propellers located at one end. of the craft, a motor carried in said cage and transmission mechanism connecting said propellers with said motors.

In. testimony whereof we atlix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

il l'yn'rnn M. Jackson, K. M. lMnonnu.

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