US1019177A - Internal-combustion rotary engine. - Google Patents

Description

v n. A. MORTON'. INTERNAL" ooMBUsTIoN ROTARY' ENGINE.

VAPPAIOAJIIC'N FILED TEB.25, U09.

Patgnd Mar. 5,1912.

R. A. MORTQN. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ROTRY ENGINE.

APPLIUATION I'ILED,PI2B.25, 1909.

Patented Mai: 1912.v

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4R. A. Mmmm A INTERNAL OGMUTIH BTABY ENGINE.-

APPLIDATIOH FILEDFEB, 1909.

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A To all whom. it may concern f nonna a. n on'r oN, or Fanano, camro'nma.

INTEBNALCOIBUSTION `ROTARY ENGINE.

Be it known that I, RoLLA A. Monroy. a citizen of the United States, residing at Fresno, in the county of Fresno and State of California, have invented new' and useful .Improvements in Internal-Combustion Rotary Engines, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention relates to that class of motors known as internal combustion rotary engines.

It is the purpose of this invention to provide a practical and simple rotary engine of the internal explosive type, wherein the fuel lcharge is compressed in a, relatively cool compression chamber. and is exploded in a separate'.cliamber; and also to provide a novel means for the utilization to maximum advantage of the action of the exploding and expanding gases.

It is the purpose also to' provide a motor of this character in which the several parts are designed so as to'be maintained at as low a temperature as is practicable. Several further purposes of the invention will be nlade manifest in the following specification. l

The invention consists of the elements. and the construction and, combination of elements, or their equivalentaas hereinset forth.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the explosion and expansion chambers, viewed from the left ofltig. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the compressor' chamber,

viewed from the right of Fig. 5, and showi ing the rotor at the position corresponding to the'positionof the rotor of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the explosion and expansion chambers after exploslon has taken place.

Fig. 4 1s a vertical section showing the relative positions of the members in the compression chamber, to that shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a transverse 'vertical section through the motor. Fig. 6 1s v a section showing the spring'8. Fig. 7 is an enlarged section ofthey transverse packing bar. l

"I n' the embodiment of my invention, as shown in the several 'figures A represents'a sectional water-)ticketed casing, and 2".:1

transverse, horizontal, hollow shaft -jour` naled upon suitable ball-bearings 3. The casing incloses a compression chamber 5 1n which the rotary piston 4 Operates, and an y Specication ot Letters Patent. I 'Application Med February 25, 1009. Serial No. 480,049.

' Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

expansion chamber 1 9 in which the rotor 1S operates: these. two nchambers heilig each connectedwith the explosion chamber 12. Both rotors -l and 18 are fixed to shaft 2.

While l shall only describe the engine asv comprising a single compression chamber, a single expansion chamber, a rotor for each, and a single explosion chambtag'it will be understood thatas man v units may `be assembled in a single engine and on the same shaft, as desired..

9. The rotor 4 which is made vmore or less cam-shape-revolves to thel right, as indi-A cated by the arrow, Fi s. 2 and 4, and against the outer end o the abutment 7'.

to engage constantly upon the irregular pe-l riphery the `co1'npression .piston 4, and `is positively.oscillated upon the pin 10 by engagement with the rotor 4, in such a mantact with the face 11 of the'piston 4; the charge of gas being forced through port 9 into the chamber 12, and past a check valve lowinto chamber' 5 when piston 4 passes by and allows the abutment 7 to dropagain. Thus whenthe parts `are in the. position shown in Fig. 2, a charge of gas previously drawn in through the intake port- 6 has been the abutment 7 to force all of the gas ast the check valve 13, and by which latteranis 12 untilit is exploded by a suitable ignition device, as 15. he chamber 12 is provided with a hinged `segmental closure 16 between the inlet port 6 and the outlet port` The outer end of thaabutment 7) is adapted ner that the member 7 is iirst lifted'by conimpelled forward by the face 11 and intov 'the explosion chamber 12, 'where a maxi rhum pressure is obtained by the raising of f 6 is an inlet port to chamber 5, through with the explosion` 13, which latter is designed to prevent back hel at maximum pressure in the chamber 2 to abutment 7 but its function is that, rst, of ian actuator or.:` iston by which the initial force of the exp oding ases is communicated to the rotor y1 8'ands "aft 2, and second, of an abutment for Lvclosing communication behind'the rotor andjbetween the explosion chamber.. and the 'exhaust port 2l.. Figs."1 and2l show the relative positions ot the r9;4 i tors 4 and 18 at the moment' explesion'tiles place; During the periodtliat ther gases areY being forced into the chamber-Eby rotor/1, the broad faceof the rotor 18 is pressing thev actuatorVV 16""9ut of "the path of the rotor to close the chamber v12. The exploding gas in chamber 12 v'exerts `its forcedownwardly upon the hinged actuator 16 and causes the latter to act 'approximately at right angles .to .the rear face 20 of the rotor and directly on the'rotor'. YAt the moment of explosion 20 of the gas, the actuator is in .engagement With vthe extreme. outer end ofthe inclined surface 2O of the rotor 18, and exerts, in addition to the pressure generatedy by the exploding gases, the additional power due to 25. the Wedgmg leverageof the actuator against the inclined surface 20 of the rotor 18; thereby greatly increasing the power derived Vfrom the Ipressure of the gas for a considerable part. of the rot-ation of the rotor 18. After the wall 20 of the rotor has'advanced away from the act1iator'16,the actuator is then'supported upon the hub of the rotor 18, and -the expandine gases exert their venergy expansively against the face 35. 20 of the rotor, and also against the fa'ce'of the lactuator 1G, andcontinuato drive the vpiston around in the expansion chamber; Thus, the force of the gases is completely utilized, and -theexhaust' port :'21 is not 40 opened until the. rotor V18 has passed it, by which time the full effective expansion of ,the gases has been utilized. f y 1 In .order to prevent leakagev of-the' gases i from'the chamber 1 2 around the actuator '16 when the latter isclosed, I prefer topack the actuator by means of the' lateral sprmgy flap members lyvhich are of suitable mai terial and 'made integral With or attached tofthf'act-uator, andadapted to be pressed by the 'gases in the chamber into close contact with-the side Walls thereof. f, It is-essenti'al in-.gorder to produce a motor of this character, that eflicient and prac-v tical packings be used Ythroughout the-mechy anism in order to prevent the leakage, iirst,

Lof the gas when it is being compressed, and {aisol to 'prevent leakage t` `the gas after hasbeen exploded, and during' its expan= sioni and for this purposel have provided| the extended perip ery of therotor 4cv With a transverse packinl 22 which is pressed outwardly against t e inner periphery of the casing of the chamber 5, by a suitable spring 23, and it is prevented from jumping out of the piston tas it crosses the port of the abutment-'7, by suitably headedpins 24, but which pins permit sutiioie-nt play .of the packing 22, so that it is maintained .against the wall of the chamber fby `the spring 23. v'lhere vare also' provided packings 25 upon each of the vertical surfaces of the ret/0I v Vlli'll .are...adapted-to bear .againsthefide Walls of the chamber 5,

'and are alsospring-actuated, and a packv ing-ring 26 is secured upon each side of the piston 4 approximate the hub, and if "desirable this packing-ring may be eccen- `tric, slightly, inforder to prevent its Wear- .ing a groove injthewalls of the chamber, Pac-kings 27 are mounted in eac-li side of the 80 abutment 7, and`may be spiig-actuated." 'Ille hub portion of the-part 7 ,is also pr'ovvided with a packing 2'8, thereby preventing loss of pressure around thisportionl Thesides of fthe chambers 5-19-12 are preferably'water-jacketed, as at 35.. Thel piston 1K8 is hollow, havingupon its periphery suitable transverse packings 29,' and alsohavi'ng a small air port 3() which communicatesiwith the interior of the pis- 90- ton 18 andwith the! exhaust port V21, and which port '30 is adapted te permit air .to circulate freely by meansl of ports 31 l.through the hollow shaft .2, the air being driven through the piston by. internal blades B1B.- lhis serves the importantfunction 'of reducing the; temperaturepf the 'pistom 1 It hasl beeni found .in el'igines of this class that they areoften renderediimpractical; by frcason of the ndue heating and consequent expansion of, 'he-several.l movable members; or if these members are made so, as to allow for the expansion ofthe several parts, there is usually a large loss ofpressure due to the inetliciency of the packmg Therefore, it will be noticed that by providing for a constant circulation of cool Lair through th'e interior of the piston, the temperature of theparts is maintained 'at the minimum.

"The blades 31L are insideY the piston 18 and operate fan-fashion' tofin'duce a strong 'current inwa'idly through the hollovv shaft. 2 and .thepistorn The air escapingl from the interior of the piston lSt-hrough the port 30, as the latter traverses the exhaust 21, acts not only to cool the parts, but to force out the .gasesrernaining in the 4exhaust' passageflhe portion of the interior of the casing-.between the trent edge of the piston 18 and' the' actuator 16 is grooved, as shownat 35., se' as te allow the air which would otherwise be confined, to escape through the. exhaust portas the piston api'iroaches the actuator.' -5 The packing -32 are mounted in the-side. walls 'of the piston 18, and are pressed outwardlyl into contact with the Walls of the chamber 19, by suitable springs 33. It is here'again tha t' the cooling 'of the 'piston 130 18 is advantageous `for the reason that the temper 1s not drawn from thesprings by their becomlng heated.-

' TheA actuator 1G is 'positively operated by rcasonf of its-engagement with the irregular peripher of the piston 18 which travels as indicate by the arrow in Fig. 3. so that its advance face will engage. the lower end ol .the actuator' 16, and lift it gradually until the. actuator forms a lower movable wall -for the chamber 12.

The'compressor piston 4 and the actuator 16 are so timed relatively, that as the wall 11 of the piston 4 is advancing to com- 1 press thefuel charge-in chamber 12, the

actuator 16 is also advanced so as to close the bottom portion of the chamber 12 .by the piston 18 and the concentric portion of the piston-18..,is of such length asto maintain theactuatbr ith-in its closed position during the-compression of the gas inthe chamber 12; and as` soon as the'piston 4 and the abutment 7 have been brought into the position shown in Fig. 2,`at which time the gas charge in the chamber'12 is at its maximum compression, the actuator' '16 is lthen in the. position shown in Fig. 1 reiative"to the piston 18, and the charge exploded. .The exhaust gas after each `e. plo sion is thoroughly scavenged from the' eX- pansion chamber 1S) by. thefrot-aton of the bottom wall of the lpiston` A15S in its movement through the chamber.

I have herein described one mo or in its entirety, butseveral. of these motors may be united so as to `-form a set; and therighl'- hand Waterljacketed wall, as` shown in Fig.

` of the drawings, is here designed so that.

the next unit could be ,readily joined in series upon the shaftl 2. The several movable members are' adapt ed to be oiled through the o il ducts 34,

which may be drilled through the casing at `any desirable point so as to conduct oil in ing an actuator engaging the pistpn and separating the explosion chmnlcrfrbm the expansion chamber and communicating the initial force of the exptoded gases to said piston. I

2. An mtcrnal combustion engine, comprising a circular water-.jaclrcted casing inclosing a compression chamber and lan expansion chamber. a shaft suitably journalcd in said casing and carrying pistons for said chambers. an intermediate explosion chambe, an ignitcr located in said explosion chamber` and hinged abutments between the explosion chamber and the compression chamber and between said explosion chamber and the expansion chamber. one of said abutlnents closing` communication between the explosion chamber and the expansion'cham ber and operating' inwardly directly against the piston'of the expansion chamber to assist the action. of the exploded gases in pro'- pelling said piston.

3. In a rotary engine, a circular casing', a shaft 'concentric therewith. a cam-shaped piston mounted upon the' shaft within the casing, a curved oscillating abutment having its axis exterior to the inner periphery of the casing, means by which the free end of said, abutment is held in engagement with the piston hub, an intake passage. in the casplosion chamber connected with the casing atthe other side ofthe abutment, a checkvalv'e in said connection through which a charge is forced intdthe explosion chamber,

ing upon oneside of the abutment.` an exmeans within the?"iqilosionl chamber 'ny' i which the compressedeharge .is ignited. an expansion*chamberg'into which the ignited charge is deliveredianjactuator adapted to cut oiiI theexplosion chamber from the expension chamber, said"V actuator being' operated inwardly'bydhe pressure of the exploded gases',.f and a iston on said shaft within the expansion `amber against which the pressure is exerted.

4. In arotary" engine, n casing. a shaft concentric therewith, a hub on the shaft hav ing apiston projecting and rcvoluhle against the interior periphery of the casing. alhinged abutment having its axis exterior to thc inner periphery ofthe casing, means by which the free end of 1said abutment is heldin ento allow the piston to pass, an intake passage ward by the passage of the piston, an explosion chamber into which a charge is comlpressed by the action of said piston, a. checkvtlve to prevent the return of' the charge, .means within the explosion chamber for ig- 'niting the charge, an expansion chamber within which the exploded charge is allowed to act, and a hinged abutment between the'- explosion chamber andthe expansion chamber and adapted to cut oil the former from the latter,`said abutment adapted to be` 1 10 gagement with the hub, said piston having a. 'cam-shape by whichthe-abutment' is raised and to assi/st the gases of the exploded charge to rotate sai piston.y y

5. In a rotary engine, a casing having a circular com ression'chamber, with rotary piston anda utnent, intake and discharge ports, an exp1o s ionA chamber, a check-valve between' the twocharnbers adapted yto pre;v 'vent the return of thecharge to-'they comy* opening inwardlyunderthe pressure of the r exploded charge to open communication Ybetweenk the explosion clriainberV and the ex lansion chamber, and te assist thegases o the exploded .charge infpropclling said piston-- 6. internal combustiony engine, consisting/'of a pair .ofcircular casin s inciosing compression rand expansion clamb'ers,A a shaft extending through said chambers and .,casings, a piston with a cam-shaped outline mountedupon tneshaft :in-each of .the chainbers, and` tting the interioric the respective chamber, abntnients having their axes en terior tothe inner periphery of 'the -casings, and their movable edges in contact with the piston hubs, an intakefpassage,connecting with .sind compression chamberyan explorstnamed chambers, a discharge passage between the explosion chamber and the com pression chamber said 'passage being' closed lby one of the abutments when the vlatter is forced 'mit by the passage of a respective piston, acheck-valve to prevent the return of the chae to the compression chamber, said explosi chamber bein directly connected with the, expansion c amber, an lgniter within thel explosion chamber, one of said 'abutments separating the 4explosion chamber from the expansion chamber and having its/free end irl-contact with and 'adapted to press upon the piston in the expansion chamber to assistthe charge in propelling said piston, and 'an exhaust passagel located. be hind the abutment through which the Waste gases are discharged. f l

7. In a rotary engine, a circular expansion chamber, a vcentrally journaled revoluble piston fitting saidrchamber, compression and explosion chambers, an -igniter in said explosion chamber, and a vswinging abutment between the explosion and expansion chambers adapted tocilt o communication between the-explosion chamber and the expansion chamber, said abutment having its free end .adapted to contact with the piston and trans ysion vchamber located intermediate of the mit the 'initiai pressure of the exploded' gases to said piston.

In testimony whereof I -have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. l

. y ROLLA A. MORTON. f' Wtnessesg 'Y r 'Cinemas EDELMAN,

C. C.' COOK.

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