US1013725A - Valve mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

E. D. BARRETT L I.`B. WOOD.

VALVE MBOHANISM.

APPLIOATION mum JULY 13, 1911.

1,01 3,725. Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

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'fir-esiti: assieiiaisiias, ro sam intuire n woon raars meer? irisia Specification ci' Itetters Patent.

Patented Jaim., 2&912.

York, have9 invented new and useful lm-J provements in Valve Mechanisms, of which the following is a specification.

` u J. l This invention relates to certain improve 1o ments' in I, automatic/ valve mechanisms,

' adapted lto 'supply predetermined amounts oi 'fluid Aunder pressure to suitable receptaeles and especially to bowls or basins of sanitary apparatus. Heretofore the valve Itmechanisms of this general type have been i either extremel vcomplicated in construction or Aelse so cru'e as to be commercially of little valve and in either eventthey were more or less unsuccessful in operation owing zo to the frequent adjustment required in orderV to renderv the same operative under the varying conditions ot supply4 and demand. ln many cases moreover certain oi' these valves were wholly inoperative' it the pressure exceeded a certain maximum point, as

in many of the modern oiiice buildings, or if the pressure tell below a certain required minimum often found in the modern residence as the normal pressure therein.

The objects of the present invention consist in the provision of an economical, durable yet simple and efficient valve mechanism, which owing to its containing; but a minimum of elements can be readily dismantled or assembled and yet which `Will withal eiectually control the flow` of fluid there through under Wide ranges of pressure.

rl`he said invention is set forth. iii detail in the following specifications, reference be Which- Figure l is a vertical sectional view including the axis of the inlet pipe, Fig. 2 is a similar View along1 the line 22 ot' llig. i,

ing had to the accompanying drawings, in

including the axes of the fluid-Ways, and

Fig. 3 is a vertical section View of a modification, all of the improved valve mechanisms.

l ,erring to the drawings and the opera-A tion of the valve mechanism therein shown,

bottom thereofsaid outlet being connected 4in any Jsuitable manner,

.its upper and l reterably by means of a couplingy l and gaslret 5 to a pipe 6 oil any suitable sanitary lapparatus. A transverse -apertured partition 7, provided with fa' suitable vali/essai 8, projects across the interior of said casing, preferably at a level slightly aber/e, as shown, the level oit the flowerinost portion ot the inlet opening, .the said partition, merging in a gradual curve, or substantially circular curve, with the `dovrei' Wall of said inlet pipe. v The cylindrical casing is provided at its upper eind with an apertured screw-cap 9, fwhich, as shown, is adapted to be threaded onto the i'fiaiiged boss or extension l0. Said cap is substantially hollow being provided with a passage l1 intermediate its upper and loiiver faces. The passage is substantially` circular` and serves to aiiord communication between an aperture 12, centrally positioned inthe lower face of said' cap, and an annular chamber 13, formed in the boss l0, the said annular chamber comprising the respective terminals for two oppositely disposed iluid Ways lltcoiinecting said chamber with the outlet chamber of the valve-casing at a point below the apertured partition 7 A suitable perforated disk-Washer l5, positioned intermediate said cap 9 and the upper end of thel casing l, serves to edectually seal the upper endof said casing against the escape of fluid vfrom the pressure chamber 16, which,

as shown, is formed at the upper end of said V cylindrical casing.

il. main valve-element or piston 17 prelerabiy consisting of a single piece of casting, `boing ot cylindrical coniiguration at wer ends and oit' a conguration ot sup` ,L sed cone :frusta intermediate said ends, one .said cone frusta being oppositely disposed with. respect to the oil-ier, is adapted to reciprocate Within the inlet chamber 18 and the pressure chamber 1C 'which pressure chamber is a continuation of said inlet chamber, and separated therefrom by the upper end of said' piston, This upper end of the piston as indicated 'at the points designated by the reference letter Li is oi considerably less cross-sectional area than said pressure chamber or said inlet chamber and preferably the extremity 20 of this upper end of the piston is detachable and is adapted to be threaded into said hollow or upper end. ils shown au annular groove forming a ywall Iof the casing 1 A cup washer 21,?

which as shown is'secured between the rit-' movable threaded end 2 0 and the upper endc of the reduced' neck` portion 19 ro'ects downwardly between inner wall) otil the casing 1 and the reduced Aneck portion 19, and as is well known thereby serves when expanded by the pressure. of the water flowing upwardly from the 'inlet 2 and against the 'samer to elfectually seal the passage 'd intermediatev the outermost end' of the extremity and the innermost wall ofthe casin 1, against. t-he passage of 20 liquid theret rough and into the pressure chamber. Owing however-to the fact that the said lpiston at its points of greatest cross sect1on as# designated vby the. reference let-tera is,'as. stated, of substantially less cross sectional area than the internal cross-sectional area of the casing, any water confined abovezsaid cupwasher can freely escape argund said vcup washer during the l upward movement of the piston, notwith 3o standing the fact thatupon the downward movement of the piston, owing to theexpansion of the cup washer by the pressure of the water entering from said inlet, the water confined in the pressure chamber above said cup washercannot escape from said pressure chamber. This`cup washer construction is employed for the rezlson that an expansible packing of this nature ,permits of the said valve operating under all conditions and pressures as lng: as the cup-washer subserves its function of expansion, whereas, were the piston ma'de to have a'tight fit either by grinding the'same so that 1t was substantially of .the same cross-sectional area as. the internal crossvsectional area of the brush chamber or supplied with a leather or, rubber gasket to render the same tight fitting therein,

it has been found that the uniform and 50V positive operation which is above obtained 1s difficult ifnot impossible of obtainment.

Preferably,' a stop 22,`which is adjustable by threading the same into the aperture 23 in said piston is provided in order to limit the upward movement of said piston, and facilitate the regulation of the eriod of flow of water through the outlet in thev apertured partition. AAsshown the lower end of said piston element e is of substantially the same cross-sectional area. as the upper; end of saidl piston element at the points a'which designate the points of greatest cross-sectional arca. A leather or rubber washer or so-called valve eis secured within an annular recess as shown,

`formed inthe bottom of said lowermost end e, said valve being removably secured thereto b means of a nut d, and said valve is 'of su cient' cross-sectional karea to ex.-

completely across the main aperture "an ysaid 'partition 7, whereby it serves to ejectually close said aperture upon engagementof said valve with the annular valve 8 surrounding the central aperture in vsai artition. A uid inlet-way 24 serves to connect an aperture 25, which extends through the wall of the inlet chamber, with an a erture The provision of the needle-valve at the inlet end of said inlet-way thus insures of the exact regulation oi' the flow `of water into said way and also complete elimination of any pressure that would tend to burst the Walls of said way. Said needle-valve is `preferably threaded into a boss 29 of said casing vand a closure-cap 30 lis threaded onto said yboss in order to conceal said adjusting screw and to prevent-accidental or intentional rotation thereof. As shown the inlet 25 to said inlet fluid-way affords communication between the inlet chamber 18 it is ropposite the oint of juncture of the two cone frusta.

enters the inlet chamber.

The said cap 9, as shown, is provided with a perforation in each of its faces and in said perforations is journaledthe shank 31, of a reciprocating push-button element havin a pus "-button 32'secu'red to its outer en Said element is ,elastically mounted'within a thimble 33,' which is threaded into an annular boss 34, that is integral 'with the upper portionof the said cap. A suitable packing 35 serves to prevent the escape of iiuid from the passage 11 into the casing containing. the coil-spring 36; The aperture in the lower face of said cap is e aperture 25 receiyes the water under maximum pressure as 1tadapted to receive the inner reduced end of saidshank 31, the said shank lbeing suffiiently reduced to permit of the free passage of water intermediate the wall form; ing said aperture and the shank, when the same is in its lowermost position. At the inner end of said shank is an' inte al annular fia-nge 37, to which is secured the vexible valve-face 3S by means of a nut, of any ordinary type 39. Said Valve-face is obviously of greater diameterthan the seat 4() which forms' the peripheral wall .of said aperture, While the said flange is adapted to fit snugly within said aperture A-v{itu-regoing description.

when the shank is -in its uppermost position, although the said flange projects wholly below the seat il() when the pushb'uitton is depressed.

The operation oi' the mechanism shown in Figs. l and 2 is'ohvious in View ofthe M In fact i it is soi -eirtremelysimple owing to the minimum` sure being greater upon the upper cone frustuin than upon the lower cone frus tuin, and the absence of an opposing pressure in said pressure chamber owing to the free escape of water therefrom during the upward movement of said piston. Third. The passage of the fluid directly from the lluid inlet-main through the apertured partition into the outlet chamber or outlet main and the simultaneous passage of a restricted amount of water through 'the opening 25, controlled by the needle-valve,

and thence throughthe fluid inlet-way and the aperture 26, into the pressure chamber 16, and fourth, the seating of the said piston due to the pressure of the water confined in said 'pressure chamber exceeding the amountof pressure upwardly exerted against the valve face e when :in an elevated position, or the pressure :represented by the difference between the pressure downwardly exerted upon the lower cone frustuni and the pressure upwardly exerted upon the upper cone frustum by the i'ntlowing iluid from the inlet main when the valve is in the zone in which the indou/ing fluid is capable of exerting pressure both upwardly and downwardly. The elevated position of the apertured partition shown in Fig. l and the curviliueal web connecting' said'partition with the inlet pipe as heretofore described, Serve to deflect the indou/ing,` fluid against the under `laces' of the flexible valve-facce as in dicatedby the arrow ain-ai, and also serve to detlectthe fluid in the direction indicated by the arrow g/fz/ against the periphery of the upper cone frustum and thus more eiectually serve to induce the upward movement of the piston iminediately upon the release of pressure from above the same which is exerted by iiuid when confined in said inlet chamber throughout 'the period that the .necdlewalve in unseated' sutliciently to permit of the liow of fluid to the fluid inlet-way. Moreover, since the timate vContact of a plug or other projection with the inner walls of said aperture 'or by suction due to the current otiiuid which passes in a large volume through the said aperture immediately the piston element is elevated.

ln Fig. 3 is illustrated a -modilication which is adapted to be actuated by a crank or handle in which the said piston element is provided with a downward extension adapted to extend through the aperture in the transverse partit-ion, preferably without contact with the inner walls of said aperture,

an element operated by said. crankl The construction therein shown consists of alcasing l having an inlet 2' and an outlet 3', and a supplemental casing 1 secured preferably by threaded engagementv to said outlet end 3'. Saidv casing l is'laterally extended to permit of its serving as a bearing for a j ournal n upon which is mounted a contact'element o which is secured' to and adapted to be actuated by a crank p which projects externally of the casing" l". As shown in this construction, fluidways similar to the fluid'n waysflll 'shown in the construction ot Fies.

l and 2 are dispensed with, as the action ot' Ithe flexible cup-washer 2l is such that when the piston is forced upwardly through the agency of the stem Lll and the operating lever or crank p, the water can freely escape downwardly around said cup-washer at a il much greater rate than the rate of influx into the pressure chamber 16 through theneedle valve and the inlet-Way 24C. Moreover, the

upper end of the inlet-way is preferably sealed as shown by an imperforate annular gasket 15. The stem 4l 1s preferably rigidly seoured to the lower end-of the piston element 17 and is somewhat lenlarged at its top'17 in the form of an inverted cone fnustum whereby, as is evident, 'it almost but not quite engages with the vertical inner walls of the central aperture 8 of said partition 7', and thus while avoiding the objections heretofore noted, as regards skin frictionand suction when a close'litting exten- -sion projects into and contacts With the aperture in the partition, the flow of the water is gradually retarded and diminished in volume as the piston approaches its seat 8. Thereby the requisite after-6.1i intov a A{if} whichhxtension is adapted to engage with "ber. Th'eheedle-valve itself as shown, has

bowl or basin is permitted.` .Asshown also in the constructions in all of the gures,`the' opening intothe fluid inlet-way 24;', designated as aperture 25-,'is in the line of travel of the piston so that the lower ends of .the

upper portion as designated bythe reference letters a and a', Awill tend to impinge against and'` thereby automatically cleanse said aperture and, prevent clogging of the same by foreign .particles such as sand and other impurities.;v 'It is' evident that any particles that escape into the inlet-ways 24: and .24',

will be sufficiently small Jto yreadily pass through the same land alsoJ through the aperture 26 which .opens into the 'pressure cham- "a blunt ehdand the aperture 25 is preferably -at least one-sixteenth of an inch in construc- -and having an inletopening and an outlet opening respectively, a transverse partition, provided. with an aperture, positioned between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, a llongitudinally reciprocatable piston-element positioned lin said pressure chamber above said partition, and adapted to normally seal communication through the aperture in said partition, said piston being loosely mounted in said pressurechamber and being free to move transversely therein when unseated, in response to the pressure of water entering through the inlet-opening of said casing, and said. piston having a maximum cross-sectional area substantially less than the cross-sectional area of said pressure-chamber, whereby said piston when seated is normally out of contact with the Wall of said casing, said maximum cross-sectional area of said piston being suficiently great to admit of frictional engagement between a portion of the wall of said piston and aportionl of the wall of said casing when said piston moves trans- 'versely therein during its travel within said casing in response to said pressure of inlowing water, flexible valvular means secured to said piston capable of projecting beyond the outermost lateral limits of and completely surrounding the same, permitting of uni-directional' passage only of luid intermediate said pistonand. the wall of said pressure chamber, a conduit provided with a terminal aperture positioned in the wall of said casing at a point intermediate the upper and lower ends .ot said piston Awhen seated on said partition, said conduit permitting of thc permanent influx oil? fluid into said pressure chamber at a Jsubstantially less rate than the rate of the unijto said ilexiblevalvular means miams directional flow A around said. piston-element permitted by safiiltkg'vtieiiible valvular means, and means independent of and supplemental 'or optionally permitting'the elllux of 'fluid from said pressure chamber at a greater rate than the rate of influx thereto.

2. In an automatic valve mechanism, the combination comprising a casing, provided with a pressure chamber at one end thereof, and having an inlet opening and an outlet opening respectively, a transverse partition, provided with an aperture positioned between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, a longitudinally reciprocatable piston-element positioned in said pressure' chamber above said partition, and adapted to normally seal communication through the laperture in said`partition, said piston being loosely mounted in said pressurechamber and'being free to move transversely therein when unseated, in response to the pressure of water entering through the inlet-opening of said casing, and said piston having a maximum cross-sectional area substantially less than the cross-sectional area. of said pressure-chamber, whereby said piston when seated is 'normally out' of contact with the wall of said casing, said maximum cross-sectional areaof said piston be- 'ing sufficiently great to admit of frictional engagement between a portion of the wall of said piston and a portion of the wall of said casing when said piston moves transversely therein during its travel within said casing in response to said pressure of inflowing water, flexible valvular means secured to said piston capable of projecting beyond the outermost lateral limits of and completely surrounding the same, permitting of 4the uni-directional passage only of Vfluid intermediate said piston and the wall of said pressure chamber, and av conduit provided with a terminal aperture positioned in the wall of said casing at a point intermedia-te the upper and lower ends of said piston when seated on said partitionn said conduit permitting of the permanent influx of fluid into said pressure chamber at a substantially less rate than the rate of the uni-dircctionalilow around said piston-element permitted by saidileXible valvular' means.

3. Tn an automatic valve mechanism, the combination comprising va casing, provided with a pressure chamber at one end thereof, and havingr an inlet and outlet opening respectively, a. transverse partition positioned between said inlet and outlet opening and above `the level of thclowermost portion of said inlet opening, said partition being provided with an aperture, a longitudinally ref'iproratable piston element positioned in said pressure chamber above said partition and adapted to normally seal communica- .cup-washer, secured to said piston adjacent l tion through the aperture in said partition, the saidpiston being loos-el;7 mounted inA said pressure-eliamber and being free to, more transversel)1 therein when unseated. in Q response to the pressure o'l water entering through the inlet-opening ot' said casingT and said piston having a maximum erossi sectional area. substantiallyY less than the cross-sectional area of said pressurecham- 1 ber, whereby7 said piston when seated is. normally out of contaet with the wall of said casing, said maximum @oss-sectional area of said piston being sullieientlv great to admit of frietional enga'igenient between a portion of the wall of said piston and a. portion of the wall of said easing when said piston nieves transversely therein during its travel within said casing in response to said pressure of intlowing water and a portion of said piston having a eontiguration corresponding to super-posed eone frusta inverted with respect to each other, a flexible the upper end thereof and completely suri rounding the same, permitting uni-direc-y tional passage only of fluid intern'iediate said piston and the wall of said pressure chamber, a conduit provided with a terminal aperture positioned in the wall of said casing at a point intermediate the upper and lower ends of said piston when seated on said partition, said corduit permitting of the permanent influx of fluid into said pressure chamber at a substantiall \Y less rate than the rate of the uni-directional flow around said piston-element permitted by said exible cup-Washer, and controlling means provided with a relatively blunt end, adapted to be projected into proximity to said aperture in said easing' wall, for regulatingthe passage of liquid through said aperture and for battling the passage of solid particles therethrough.

4. In an automatic valve mechanism, the combination comprising a easing, provided with a pressure chamber at one end thereof, and having an inlet opening and an outlet opening respectively, a transwrse partitimi, provided With an aperture, positioned bei pressure of water entering through the inlet-opening of said casing, and said piston haring a maximum cross-sectional area substantially less than the crosslsectional area 0f said pressure-chamber, whereby said piston when seated is normally out of contact with the. wall of said easing, said maximum cross-sectional area of said piston being sufficiently great to admit of frietional engagement between a portion of the Wall of said piston and a portion of the Wall of said easing when said vpiston moves transversely therein during its travel within said easing in response to said pressure of inliowing water, flexible valvular means secured to said 'piston capable of projecting beyond the outermost lateral limits of and completely surrounding the same, permitting of uni-directional passage ont;7 of fluid intermediate said pistonvand the wall of said pressure chamber, and a conduitprovided with a terminal aperture positioned lin the wall of said easing at a point in a. di'erent quadrant thereof from. that in which said inlet opening is positioned, said conduit permitting of the permanent influx of fluid into said pressure chamber at a substantially lessA rate than the rate of the uni-directional flow around said pistonelement permitted by said exible valvular means.

In Witness whereof we have hereunto set ou:` hands at the city ofNew York, county and State of New York, this 30th day of Tune, 1911.

ERNEST D. BARRETT. IRVING B. WOOD.

Witnesses t TV. H. SwnNAn'roN, CLARENCE J. WYoKorr.

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