US1005940A - Air-compressor. - Google Patents

Description

v 0. J. COSTELLO & s. G. SKINNER.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 23, 1911.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0. J. COSTELLO & s1 0. SKINNER.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JARQS, 1911.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

a SHEET;SSEIIET 2.

c. J. COSTELLO & s. G. SKINNER.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1911.

To all whom it my concerns 2 citizens of the United vide a UNITED s'm rns ATENT ora on.

,CHARLES JEROME COSTELLO AND STEPHEN GUION SKINNER, OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO SKIN NER & SKINNER (20., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ooaoah. v

. Be it knownthat we, CHARLES JEROME COSTELLO and STEPHEN GUIoN SKINNER, States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois', have invented new and useful linprovernents in Air-Compressoi-s, of which the following is a specification.

Ourinvention relates to improvements in air compressors, with especial reference to that type of compressors which are designed to be used in connect-ion with multiple cyl inder engines, and in which air or vapor from one of the cylinders is utilized to actuate the compressor, either for pumping air to inflate a tire or 'for any other purpose; The objects of our-invention are to propump of this class wherein the cylinder which drives the compressor, maybe run at full capacity, that is, m-ayreceive a full charge of air orvapor, althoughthe engine, as such, maybe thro-ttled so that the other cylinders receive only-a portion of a full charge o'fmotive fluid, such as steam; hot air or explosive gases; also to provide means whereby the compressed air delivered to the tire or other place of use, may consist of pureair which has not entered the engine cylinder, and in which the heat evolved by compression has been abstracted to such an extentas to avoid injurious effects also to provide means wherei by destructive movements of the compressor pistons may be avoided, by proper cushioning, both when pumping against a tire'pressure and when pumping without connecting the pump outlet to any form of receiver, as, for example, when the delivery hose is uncoupled without stopping the engine.

In the following descriptiom reference is had, to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an air compressor embodying our invention. F 1g. 2 1s a cross sectional view drawn on line of Fig. 1'. Fig: 3 is also a vertical sectional view showing a modified form of construction. F 15: 4 1s a similar view, showinga third modification, is a vertical sectional view of a pump embodying our invention, showing one wall, or head of an engine cylinder, "to which the same may be applied. Fig. 6 is "a sectional view drawn on line w-a1- of Fig: Z5.

' Like parts unidentified by the same ref- AIR-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. duplication filed January 23, 1911.

Patented a. 1a, 1911. Serial No. 604,940.

erence characters throughout the several news.

The air compressor comprises a power cylinder l, and a compression cylinder 2 of less diameter, coupled end to end, preferably by a common'head piece The cylinder is provided 'with a connecting member lE adapted to be screwed into the spark plug aperture of one cylinder of a multiple cylinderengine, the head piece of which partly shown at A in Figs. 3 and 5.

The power cylinder 1 (Fig. 1) contains a piston 5, preferably of the cup leather type, i and the compression cylinder 2 contains-a piston 7 of tons and 7 are connected with each other posite side walls. This rod extends through an aperture i'n head piece 3. The compression cylinder 2 carriesa head piece provided with inlet and outlet ports lti and 17 respectively, the inlet port being normally closed by a spring seated check valve 18 and the outlet port by a'similar check valve '19. A tube '21 is connected. with the outlet port and is coiled about the cylinder 2, between it and an outer casing 23. Tlie'lower end of the tube 21 communicates with a cav-. ity 25- in the intermediate head piece 3, and a valved nipple 23- serves as ameans for delivering air from this cavity, said nipple being adapted'td receive the hose coupling 29, as shown in Fig. 5.

Theoasing '23 is provided with apertures 31 at its upper, end. The head piece'3 is provided with apertures 33, affording communication between the cylinder space of cylinder 1 and the casing space, that. is, the space occupied in part by the tube 21. The upward movement of the driven piston 7 compresses air in cylinder 2 and delivers it through tube 21, and the simultaneous up,- ward inov'ement'of the power piston air fromlcylinder lithrough the apertures, 33, the casing space, and apertures 31, thus cooling the air tube 21 by heat absorption. During the down stroke of the pistons 7, 5,, and that piston of the engine cylinder'to which the pump is connected, the engine cylinder is refilled with air, derived in part through theapertures 31, the casing space, apertures 33, and the cylinder 1, from which it passes to the engine cylinder through ports in thy, piston 5, which are normally closed underneath th piston, by a spring 1 the same type. The pis- 7-0 5 forces V seated annular check-valve 37. The air a'triangular stem 20 (Fig; 2) to permit the.

delivery of air past the stem when the valve is open. The inlet valve 18 may have any form of stem, for this stem does not extend into the path of the air delivered through port 16.

'The plunger anvil 41 is provided with ducts 42 leading from the interior of cross pin 40 to the upper andlower surfaces, respectively, of the anvil. check valves 43 and 44 respectively, which allow the piston rod sockets to freely fill when the piston movement reverses.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, it will be ob-. served that the general features of construction are the-same as in-Fig. 1 and are iden'tified by the same reference numerals, with the letter c appended to the numerals. In

this construction, the pistons are cushioned the next contact with the anvil.

on the up and down strokes as follows. A cross pin- 40, mounted in the intermediate head piece 3, extends through the slots 11 of the connecting rod 9, and within the latter, this pin supports a stop block or anvil 41. Plungers 4-5, socketed in the respective end portions of the rod 9, are provided with yielding striker cushions 46 for contact with the anvil 41, and are also yieldingly mounted on springs 49, which permit the plungers to move toward the adjacentend of rod 9, and compress the air in the spring receiving space, thus aifording an air cushion and tosome extent a spring cushion, co-actingwith the striker cushions, to check the piston movement on completion of a stroke. It will be understood that the striker cushion 46 on piston 5 impinges on the under surface of the anvil and actuat-es the lower plunger 45 to compress its supporting spring and the air in the spring space. The. upper plunger is shownin spring and air compressing relation in Fig. 1. The function of the-springs- 49 is'principallyto move the plungers outwardly-tornormal position preparatory to This outward movement of the plungers is limited by shoulders 51 and 52' on the plungers and piston rod respectively.

The above described cushioning devices are sufiiciently eifective when the pump is operated to deliver air against apre-existing pressure, such as ordinarily exists in a tire.

These ducts have But when disconnected from one tire, and preparatory to coupling up with another, the engine meanwhile continuing in operation, injury" might result, (at least to the cushioningdevices shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5) if the pump cylinder 2 were'permitted to "discharge to the open air without resist.-

ance. WVe thereforeprovide the nipple 27, 27, 27 or 27, with a spring seated check valve 61, seating with the pressure, and having a stem 62 projecting outwardly in a po- 'sition to be actuated by a member 63 in the hose coupling 29 when the latter is in coupling relation to the nipple 27. The other end of the hose 65 is provided with a member 67 having a similar check valve 69, the stem 70 of which projects into a coupling member 71 in a position to be actuated to open this valve, by an actuatipg member on any receiving nipple connected with a tire or other air receiving member. As both the valves 61 and 69 close with the pressure as developed by the pump, it follows that if the hose is uncoupled at either end while the pump is in operation, 'a delivery of air from cylinder 2 will be prevented and the piston will therefore be etfectively cushioned Itwill, beunderstood that when the above described device is used, it is screwed into a spark plug aperture of one 9f the cylinders of a multiple cylinder engine. The airand vapor compressed in said cylinder (A in Figs. 1 and 5), passes upward through the connecting member 4 and actuates the lower piston 5 to drive the upper piston 7 upf wardly in the cylinder 2. The lower piston 5- meets with substantially no resistance from the air in cylinder 1, since said air passes outwardly through the holes and -upwardly between the cylinder 2 and the casair is compressed in cylinder 2 and delivered past the check valve 19 through the pipe 21 past check valve 6 and-hose 65, (Fig. 5) to the point of use, check valves 61 and (39 being open and hose 65 being connected at both ends. On the down stroke of the pistons. air enters cylinder 2 through check valye 18 and air also passes downwardly through the holes 31, the space between cylinder .2-an d casing 23, and holes 33, into cylinderl, and

' ing 23. During this stroke of the pistons,

from said cylinder to the engine cylinder, as

above explained. When changing the hose 65 from one point of delivery to another,

the engine need not be stopped, since the uncoupling of the hose member 71 will permit valve 69 to close until the hose is again coupled up in its new relation.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be observed that cylinders 1 and 2, connecting member 4*, casing 23, inlet and outlet check valves 18 and 19*, delivery tube 21 and outlet nipple 27* are substantially the same as in -Fig. 1.- A piston 5 is employed in cylinder 1?, which is provided with ports 35, permitton, the upper plunger Z5 seat-ing downwardly 1n anupper socket 78 and the lower plunger seating upwardly in a socket 79. These plungers are normally pushed toward the outer ends of the sockets, by springs 80, the lower plunger 76 is actuated inwardly in its socket when thedownward movementof the piston'brings said plunger into contact with a seat 81, which is preferably lion metallic, and when this plunger moves inwardly, it compresses the corresponding-- spring 80- and also compresses the air in the spring receiving space. On the up-stroke of the pistons, the head 83 of the plunger 7 5 contacts with the intermediate cylinder head 3Rand this plunger is then forced inwardly into the socket 78, compressing the air said socket. It is therefore obvious that 1n thisconstruction, a spring and air compressing device is provided, which operates upon the same principle as that employed in Fig.

1,.although dilfering to some extent structurally.

Referring to Fig. it w'ill be observed thatwe employ cylinders 1 and 2", and a connecting member 4", similar in form to the corresponding parts shown in Fig. 1. Pistons 5 and 7" are employed and corre-, spond in position and function with the pistons 5 and 7 in Fig. l, but instead of admitting air to the'engine cylinderthrough the piston 5 we admit it through the lower cylinder head 87, which is provided with ports- 88, normally closed by an annular spring seated check valve 89, the spring 90 being held in position to close said valve by a tubular member 91," threaded into a suitable socket in the connecting member 4. Said member 91 contains a cushioning spring 95, which is seated upon a shoulder in the member 4 and projects upwardly through the member 91.into a position to be struck by the piston 5 on its downward stroke. A flat spring 96, coiled as illustrated, aboutthe connecting rod 9", is employed to cushionthe pistons on their up stroke by striking the; intermediate head piece 3". In "this construction, -air is ad,- mitted to theeylinder 1' above the piston 5" through holes 97, thepurpose of this air admission being merely to prevent resist-. ance to the piston. movement. Air is admitted to the upper cylinder 2 through holes 98, which are uncovered on the come a duct constituting an outlet for the pump- ,the duct.

pletion of the down strokes of pistons.-

It is delivered through a gravity ball check valve 99 and through a valved nipple 27" into a hose connectionbfi, the nipple 27 and hose connection being the same as illustrated in Fig. 1.

It will of course be understood that the coiled tube 21 may be employed or omitted in any one of the constructions illustrated, and that. the specific features of the cushioning devices are not essential in any of the views, but may be employed indiscriminately in any of the structures illustrated.

In Fig. 4, we have illustrated aconnect ing .rod 9", which is solid instead of tubular, as illustrated in the d-ther views. This is merely a matter of convenience in construction.

With any one of the pumps illustrated,

'airfrom. the engine cylinder 15 never delivered through the compression cylinder 2, 2i, 0r*2", pure air onl being received and expelled from said cydindcr. By supplying air through this pumping apparatus to the engine" cylinder which ,furnishes the power fluid to drive the pump, a complete charge and full compression is secured in the engine cylinder, regardless of the condition of the admission valves normally usedv when said cylinder is employed as a'prime moverp Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. In an air compressor of the described class, the combination of a set of cylinders of different diameters; disposed end to endi pistons in' said cylinders connected Wit-l" each other, a casing encircling the smaller cylinder and arranged to permit the passage of air therethrough to and from the larger cylinder, and a duct therein for the air discharge from the smaller cylinder? 2. In an air compressor of the described class, the combination of a power cylinder, a pumping cylinder, pistons in said cylinders connected with each other, a casing inclosing the pumping cylinder and forming an air passageleading to the power cylinder, said air passage being provided with ing cylinder,'valves at t-herespective ends of said duct, and an inlet valve for the pumping cylinder; said duct valves being each arranged to-seat with the pressure in 3. In an air compressor, the combination a of a power cylinder, a pumping cylinder of less diameter connected therewith, an-outlet duct for the pumping. cylinder, extending spirally about said cylinder, an automatically closing .valve controlling theoutlet of said duct, a casing inclosing said duct and the pumping cylinder, and forming an air. passe e leading to the power cylinder, a valve 'inlet for the pumpingcylmder, and 13 a connecting member adapted to deliver power fluid to the power cylinder.

4. In an air compressor, the combination of a power cylinder a pumpingcylinder of less diameter'connected therewith, an outlet duct for the pumping cylinder, extending spirally about said cylinder, an automatically closing valve controlling the outletof said duct, a casing inclosing said duct and pumping cylinder, and forn'nng an air passage leading-to the power cylinder, a

pumping cylinder at the other end ot'thc power cylinder, I pistons in said cylinders connected with each other, means for permitting the passage of fluid past the power cylinder piston in the direction of the connecting member,- said pumping cylinder be ing providedwith inlet and outlet ports,

"and 'said power cylinder "being provided with an'inlet on the opposite side of its piston from that occupiedby the connecting member.

6. In an air compressor, the combination of a power cylinder provided at one end with a connecting member adapted to deliver a fluid thereto. an axially disposed pumping cylinder at the other end of the power cylinder, pistons in said cylinders connected with each other,'means for per mitting the passage of fluid past the power cylinder piston in the direction ot'the connecting'member, said pumping cylinder being provided with inlet and outlet ports.

and said power cylinder being provided with an inlet on the opposite side of its piston from that occupied by the connecting member,'together with means for cushioning said pistons at the extremity of their stroke in either direction.

7. The-combination'of a power cylinder provided with a connecting member at one end, constituting a fluid admitting means,

and a pumping cylinder at the other end provided with inlet and outlet ports, pistons in said cylinder connected with each-other, a valved passage arranged to admit air from theexterior to the connecting membenand an opening adapted to admit air to the power cylinder on the other side of the power cylinder piston from that occupied by the connecting member, together with means for cushioning said pistons at the extremlty of their stroke in either dlrectlon. 8. The combinatlon of a power cyllnder provided with a connecting member at one -from the pumping cylinder, and a plurality of valves in said duct, one seating in the di-' rection of fluid movement, and the other seating in the opposite direction and closing the outlet oit'the power cylinder.

9. In an air compressorgthc combination of apower cylinder, a connecting member adapted to admit power fluid thereto. a"

pumping cylinder axially disposed at the other end of the power cylinder, pistons in said c "linders'connected with each other, said pumping cylinderbeing provided with valved inlet and outlet ports adapted for the admission and discharge of. fluid, and a duct formed in sections and connected with the outletports of the pumping cylinder,"

each section of said duct being provided with a valve adjacent to its outer end,sea ting in the direction of fluid delivery and adapted to be opened automatically when a. coupling member is applied to such. end of the duct section.-

10. In an air compressor, the combination of a power cylinder, a connecting member adapted to admit power fluid thereto,- a' pumping cylinder axiallydisposed at the other end of the power cylinder,.pistons in said cylinders connected with each other. said pumping cylinder being provided with valved inlet and outletports adapted for the admission and discharge of fluid, and a duct formed in sections and connectedwith the outlet portsof the pumping cylinder. each section of said duct being provided with a valve adjacent to its outer end, seating in the direction of fluid" delivery and adapted to beopencd automatically when a coupling member is applied to such end of the duct section, together with means for cushioning'said pistonson the completion of their stroke in either direction.

11. In an air compressor, the combination of a power cylinder, a connecting member lOt adapted to admit power fluid thereto, a

pumping cylinder axially disposed at the other end of the power cylinder, pistons in said cylinders connected with each other, said pumping cylinder being'provided with valved inlet and outlet ports adapted for the admission and discharge of fluid, anda c'iuct formed in sections and connected with the outlet ports of the pumping cylinder, each section of said duct being provided with ii-valve adjacent'to its outer end, seeting in the direction of fluid deiiyery and adapted to be opened automatically when a coupling member is epplieii to such endof the duct section, together with means for cushioning said pistons on the completion of their stroke in either direction, and each of said cushioning means comprising socketing plungers arranged for air compression on the completion of piston stroke in either direction.

12. The combination with the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, of a power cylinder and e pumping cylinder connected end to end and constituting an air pump, a tubular rod connecting seidpistons slotted intermediate 0% its end portions, e stop extending into said rod between the pistone and, a motion stopping member on said stop,-

adapted to compress air in the unsiotted end portions of the rod.

In test mony Wliereoi We our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES JERGME CQSTELJO, STEPHEN GUION SKINNER.

Witnesses:

.WALTON N. JAooBsoN, CHAS. T. PLASTOW.

Copies of this patent may be obtainefi for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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