US1005550A - Hygrometer. - Google Patents

Description

W. JANDUS.

HYGBOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV; 2, 1906.

1,005,550. Patented Oct. 10,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CD.,WASIHNGTON. D. c.

- W. JANDUS.

HYGROMBTER. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2, 1906.

Patented Oct. 10, 1911.

2 SHEETFSHEET 2.

' Fl a? 111- 7 awueM/lbm mm Wm yw q/ COLUMIHA PLANOGRAPH 60.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

WILLIAM JANDUS, F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

HYGROMETER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JANDUS, a citizen of the United States, resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hygrometers, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to especially to a device of this character in which a coil composed of one or more strands of hygroscopic material is adapted to indicate, by means of suitable mecha uism, the changes in the moisture conditions of the atmosphere.

Said invention consists of means hereinafter fully described and specifically set forth in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting but one of various mechanical forms in which the hygrometers, and

principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings: Figure I repsents a plan View of my invention; Fig. II represents a central vertical section of the same; Fig. III represents a left-hand elevation of a spring-plate, a second plate oscillatorily mounted thereon, and two hygroscopic coils pivoted upon said oscillatorily mounted plate; Fig. IV represents a righthand elevation of another plate and the right-hand ends of said two hygroscopic coils having a rolling or pivotal contact therewith; and Figs. V and VI represent, respectively, an elevation and a plan view of one of said coils.

My invention comprises the use of two elements A and B made of the same hygroscopic material, such as cotton, silk, catgut, or any other material suitable for the purpose, said elements being mounted 111 a suitable frame E having an upper annular supporting plate C, upon which rests a graduated casing or dial plate D. One of the elements is rendered impervious to moisture by means of paraflin or some other material adapted to prevent moisture from acting upon the fiber. The function of the protected coil, which, 1n this case, 'the coil B, is to compensate for differhas Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed November 2, 1906.

Patented Oct. 10, 1911. Serial No. 341,708.

ences in temperature, both of the coils being affected alike by temperature changes. In order to protect the fibers against organic deterioration, both elements A and B are dipped in a weak solution of cyanid of potassium which has high antiseptic properties and which, while not injuring the fiber, renders it or tends to make it more hygroscopic. After such treatment, the fiber or material intended for the compensating element, is dipped in hot parafiin or some other non-hygroscopic substance, and is thus rendered impervious to moisture.

Many of the structural features of this invention are identical with or similar to features for accomplishing the same purpose shown in my pending application for United States Letters Patent upon electrometric appliances, Serial No. 311,853, filed August 16, 1906, and also an application filed even date herewith for United States Letters Patent upon an improved thermometer.

In the left-hand side of the frame E are mounted posts f, to which is adjustably secured by means of screw f a spring-plate F, which is provided with pivotal pin-bearings F, as plainly shown in the drawings. An oscillatory plate G is provided with conical recesses 9 adapted to receive said pivotal pin-bearings f and is also provided with recesses 9 adapted to engage with pivotal pin-bearings provided upon the coils A and B, as hereinafter more fully described. It will be noted, upon reference to Fig. III, that upon its right-hand side the spring-plate F is secured to the righthand post f by means of two screws f, thereby rendering it impossible for said plate F to get out of vertical alinement. The tension upon said plate F will, of course, depend upon the tension of the elements A and B, which may be increased or decreased by 72. hereinafter more fully described.

Upon the right-hand side of the instrument is provided a rigid plate H adjustably connected by means of screws 72/ to posts k supported in the frame E. Said H is beveled ofi at the ends [i and provided with slots h through which are passed and secured by bearing-pins a b the right-hand ends of elements A and B, Fig. I. The fiber strands of the elements tightening screws f; and l rigid plate i A and B, which are no alike in construction, are wound in a conl (P and a, as shown in Flgs. V and VI. In-

closing said plate G, as plainly inner members a and a and those parts of the fiber wrapped about the same, are outer sheaths a and W, said central plates and sheaths being rigidly bound together by means of a suitable rivet a and pin 64. Upon the upper and lower eX- tremities of the central plate a are provided pivotal points a adapted to engage with the pivotal recesses g in the oscillatory shown in Fig. III. The pin a at the right-hand end of the element A rolls upon the outer surface of the plate H, the two elements passing through suitable slots h of said plate as shown in Fig. IV. As plainly shown in Fig. III, the two elements pass through the oscillatory plate G by means of the opening 9 The bearings a upon the left-hand end of the element A adjust the tension of said element as regards its right and left hand strands, as indicated in Fig. VI by a and a, respectively; whereas, the rolling or pivotal movements of the bearing-pin a adjust the tension of said element as regards its upper and lower strands, particularly designated in Fig. V by a and a respectively, so that said two sets of end bearings efiect adjustments in the tension which are of a rightangular relationship.

Adjustably secured to the plate G by means of screws j in a slot j is a fork J which acts as a multiplying device and is provided with curved tines 9' the extremities of which are united by means of a thread or fiber 3' as plainly shown in Fig. I. Secured to the upper annular disk 0 is an inwardly projecting member K, provided with a conically-recessed screw is centrally located as regards the instrument, to the recessed end of which is journaled one end of an arbor 7c, the other end of which is journaled in a post secured in the frame E. Secured upon said arbor 7c is a drum 70 about which is wrapped the thread j Also secured to said arbor 7c is an indicating pointer I.

It will be readily apparent from the above description that any change in the amount of moisture inthe atmosphere will afiect the length of the coil A, such change not affecting the coil B, which latter compensates for the temperature changes only, the change in the coil A effecting the pressure which said coil exerts upon the plate G because the spring F tends to equalize the disturbed equilibrium between the two coils, the consequent oscillation of which plate Gr induces through the fork J and belt i a movement of the indicating needle I, thus registering the amount of moisture change.

I wish particularly to call attention to the fact that the instrument can be adjusted for tension and leverage by means of the screws h, intersecting the posts 7?,- and by means of the screws f intersecting the posts f; and, additionally, for leverage by means of the adjustment of the fork J upon the oscil- 70 latory member G. Said instrument is of very quick action, owing to the fact that there is a large surface exposed, by means of the plurality of threads (1, to the changes of moisture, so that said moisture is absorbed or given off very rapidly. It will, of course, be understood that moisture tends to shrink or shorten the coil A, while dryness tends to lengthen it. The coils A and B may comprise either a single thread a or a plurality of the same, depending upon the hygroscopic material which is used, it being found that the use of only a single thread of a strong material such as cat-gut, will often prove SlllfiClGIlt.

Having thus described my invention in detail, that which I particularly point out and. distinctly claim is 1. In a hygrometer, the combination with a hygroscopic element, of a compensating element consisting of two end supports, and a fiber treated with a substance impervious to moisture attached to said supports.

2. In a hygrometer, the combination with a hygroscopic element, of an element consisting of two end supports, and a continuous fiber coated with an antiseptic substance impervious to moisture wound around said supports.

8. In a hygrometer, an element consisting of two end supports, each comprising a central plate and an outer sheath; and a hygroscopic material wound about said plates and. intermediate of the latter and said sheaths,

4. In a hygrometer, an element consisting of two end sup-ports, each comprising a central plate and an outer sheath; and a coil of continuous hygroscopic fiber wound 7 around said plates andintermediate of the 11 latter and said sheaths.

5. In a hygrometer, a continuous hygroscopic fiber; two plates between which said fiber is supported and about which the same is wound; a sheath inclosing each of sa1 1 plates and the fibers wound about the same; and pivotal bearings provided upon each of said plates.

6. In a hygrometer, an element consisting of two end supports provided with piv- 120 otal bearings, and a strand of hygroscopic material attached to said supports.

7. In a hygrometer, an element consisting of two end supports provided with pivotal bearings angularly arranged relatively to 1 each other, and hygroscopic material attached to said supports.

8. In a hygrometer, an element consisting to each other, and a hygroscopic material attached to said supports.

9. In a hygrometer, an element consisting of two end supports provided with pivotal bearings arranged at right angles relatively to each other, and a continuous hygroscopic fiber wound around said two supports.

10. In a hygrometer, two plates; a con tinuous hygroscopic fiber wound around said two plates; pivotal bearings provided upon the upper and lower extremities of one of said plates; and a pin intersecting the other plate intermediate of its ends and providing two pivotal bearings.

11. In a hygrometer, two plates; a continuous hygroscopic fiber wound around said two plates; sheaths inclosing said plates and the fiber wound about the same; and means for rigidly connecting said plates and sheaths respectively, one of said plates being provided wit-h pivotal bearings, and the means for connecting the other plate and its sheath being provided with bearings angularly arranged relatively to said firstmentioned pivotal bearings.

12. In a hygrometer, two plates; a continuous hygroscopic fiber wound around said two plates; sheaths inclosing said plates and the fiber wound about the same; and means for rigidly connecting said plates and sheaths, respectively, one of said plates provided with pivotal bearings, and the means for connecting the other plate and its sheath provided with pivotal bearings arranged at right angles to said first mentioned pivotal bearings.

13. In a hygrometer, a hygroscopic coil; means for pivotally mounting one end of said coil; a spring-plate; a member oscillatorily mounted upon said spring-plate, the other end of said coil being pivotally mounted upon said plate; and indicating mechanism connected with and adapted to be actuated by said oscillatory member.

14. In a hygrometer, a hygroscopic coil provided with pivotal bearings at each end; a rigid plate provided with pivotal recesses adapted to engage with the bearings at one end of said coil; a spring-plate; a member oscillatorily mounted upon said springplate, said member provided with bearing recesses adapted to engage with the bearings at the other end of said coil; and indi cating mechanism connected with and adapted to be actuated by said oscillatory member.

15. In a hygrometer, a frame; a spring plate supported therein; a hygroscopic coil supported at one end in said frame and pivotally mounted at its other end upon said plate; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil. 1

16. In a hygrometer, a frame; a springplate adjustably supported therein; a hygroscopic coil supported at one end in "said frame and pivotally mounted at its other end upon said plate; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil.

17. In a hygrometer a frame; a rigid plate and a spring-plate supported therein; a hygroscopic coil connected to, and pivotally mounted at its ends relatively to, said plates, respectively; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil.

18. In a hygrometer, a frame; a rigid plate and a spring-plate both adjustably supported therein; a hygroscopic coil connected to, and pivotally mounted at its ends relatively to, said plates, respectively; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil.

19. In a hygrometer, a frame; a rigid plate and a spring-plate both adjustably supported therein, said rigid plate being provided with hearing recesses and said springplate with pivotal'pin-bearings; an 'oscillatory member provided with recessed bearings, some of which are adapted to engage with the pivotal pin-bearings of said springplate; a hygroscopic coil provided with pivotal bearings at its ends adapted to engage with the recessed bearings of said rigid plate and with some of the recessed bearings of said oscillatory member, respectively; and indicating mechanism connect-ed with and adapted to be actuated by said oscillatory member.

20. In a hygrometer, a frame; two coils pivotally mounted in said frame, said coils being adapted to be affected alike by tem perature changes, and one of said coils being hygroscopic and the other impervious to,- moisture; and indicating mechanism connected with both of said coils.

21. In a hygrometer, a frame; two coils of hygroscopic material each pivotally mounted at one end in said frame; a springplate supported in said frame; a member oscillatorily mounted upon said spring-plate, the other end of each of said coils being pivotally mounted upon said member, one of said coils being subject to temperature changes only; and indicating mechanism connected with and adaptedto be actuated by said oscillatory member.

22. In a hygrometer, a frame; a rigid plate adjustably mounted therein and provided with beveled end portions; two coils of hygroscopic material each pivotally mounted at one end upon a beveled end portion of said rigid plate; a spring-plate also adjustably mounted in said frame; a member oscillatorily mounted upon said springplate, the other ends of said coils being pivotally mounted upon said oscillatory member, one of said coils being subject to temperature changes only; and indicating mechanism connected with and adapted to be actuated by said oscillatory member.

23. In a hygrometer, a frame; a hygroscopic coil pivotally mounted therein; and

indicating mechanism connected to said coil and provided with a fork having flexible tines and adapted to act as a multiplying device.

24. In a hygrometer, a frame; a hygroscopic coil pivotally mounted therein; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil and provided with a fork adjustably mounted relatively to said coil and adapted to act as a multiplying device.

25. In a hygrometer, a frame; a hygroscopic coil pivotally mounted therein; and indicating mechanism connected to said coil and provided with a fork adjustably mounted relatively to said coil, having flexible tines, and adapted to act as a multiplying device.

26. In a hygrometer, a frame; two-coils of the same hygroscopic material pivotally mounted in said frame, one of said coils being provided with a coating of a nonhygroscopic substance; and indicating mechanism connected with both of said coils.

27. In a hygrometer, a frame; two coils of the same hygroscopic material pivotally mounted in said frame, one of said coils being provided with a coating of parafiin; and indicating mechanism connected with both of said coils.

28. In a hygrometer, a frame; two coils pivotally mounted in said frame, and treated with an antiseptic material, said coils being adapted to be affected alike by temperature changes, and one of said coils being hygroscopic and the other impervious to moisture; and indicating mechanism connected with both of said coils.

29. In a hygrometer, a frame; two coils of the same hygroscopic material pivotally mounted in said frame, both of said coils being treated with an antiseptic solution and one of said coils being provided also with a coating of paraffin; and indicating mechanism connected with both of said coils.

Signed by me, this 26 day of October,

WILLIAM JANDUS. Attested by- E. L. BUCK, G. W. SAYWELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

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