US1001382A - Filament-mounting. - Google Patents

Description

Witnesses:

Ed av $.Gardner, v

E. S. GARDNER. FILAMENT MOUNTING.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 2a, 1910.

1,001,382, Patented Aug. 22, 1911.

Inventor:

His fittorneg UNTTED @TATES UFFTCE.

EDGAR S. GARDNER, 0F ACQUAGKANONCK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A. CORlORATION OF NEW YORK.

FILAMENT-MOUNTING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented l\ll"'. 22, 1911.

Application filed December 28, 1910. Serial No. 599,691.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR S. GARDNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Acquaclmnonck, county of lassaic, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in l ilament-ltlountings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to filament mounting, and its object is an improved mounting which possesses various desirable characteristics and is suitable for filaments and other conductors.

Among the advantages which may be secured in a mounting constructed according to my invention are: first, the mounting of a great length of conductor in a small space; second, avoidance of risk of short circuiting and of breakage; third, facility as regards the application of the conductor to its supportingsystem; :lourth, an arrange ment of lamp filaments which will give a good distribution of illumination, and, in particular, special concentration of the illumination when desirable. Other advantages will hereinafter appear.

My invention is very useful in incandescent filament electric lamps. I have hereinailter particularly described a construction embodying it that is well suited for this purpose, referring to the conductor as a tilament and to the apparatus in which it employed as a lamp; but my invention can be otherwise carried out and applied. It may be used to advantage with filaments of tantalum, tungsten, or any other materials, and especially with materials of high conductivity.

The accompanying drawing gives a view of one embodiment of the invention, the same being shown as bro-ken away from the globe and removed therefrom for clearness of illustration.

The filament system or mount here shown comprises a plurality of carrying elements or arms of iron, nickel, copper, molybdenum or other suitable material (due regard -for the material of the filament being of course had in the selection of the material of the arms) having suitable filament-engaging portions and projecting from a suitable supporting member R. The member R is shown as mounted crosswise on a member or standard T; but it may obviously be arranged to form a longitudinal prolongation of the member T ii. desired. The member T is itself shown as secured to the ordinary glass stem M by which the current supplycouduetors Z, Z are introduced into the lamp. The members 1t and T, or R, T, and M, may :lor-convenience be regarded as in effect constituting a single supporting member.

The arms or warriors a and (Z at opposite ends of the filament system are shown as forming groups or sets A and D respeclively, the carriers a being shown as very short and the carriers (Z as relatively quite long. The intermediate carriers 6 and c are shown as -forming groups B and C. In each of these groups B and C the carriers are shown as varying as regards projection of their filament-engaging portions from the member R. As shown, moreover, successive carriers in each oi the groups B and C ditfor in character as re ards projection of their filamcnt-engaging portions from the member R (except in a single instance hereinafter set forth); and in the particular structure illustrated the carriers in these groups are (with one exception) relatively long and short alternately, so that when the system is viewed end-on, the lilament-cngaging portions of the carrier in each of these appear as staggered. Furthermore the relatively long carriers in each of the groups B and C are shown as intermed iatc in length between the carriers of the same character in the neighboring groups, and the shorter carriers as varying from group to group in like manner. F or the purpose of this statement and with the illustrated arrangement of: the filament on the supporting system, it is convenient to re gard the carriers 4 as short and the carriers (Z as long. The long carriers and the short carriers of each of the groups B and C are shown as making somewhat dif tterent angles with the member R, and their Filamentengaging portions are shown as lying in planes a short distance apart and (with exception to be hereinafter noted) as facing toward each other; but it will be understood that the filament-engaging portions of the carriers of each of these groups may lie in the same plane and face away from each other. etc. The carriers of all the groups are shownas projecting from relatively narrow zones in the length of the member R, and, specifically, as fused into glass enlargements or disks on the memher It.

On the supporting system are arranged the filament lengths or sections f, f, f (shown as slightly crimped) These filament sections may be regarded as forming sets or banks F F F From its connection with the end 1 of the left-hand current lead Z, the filament extends to the engaging portion 2 of a short carrier projecting from the side of the member R to which the member T is secured, thence back to a similarly located short carrier thence to the long carrier 6 adjoining it on the left, and thence, finally, on back to a carrier a It is then wound back and forth in a clockwise direction between the carriers a and the long carriers 6, finally passing forward from the carrier (6 via the short carrier 6 (adjoining the short carrier 5 mentioned above on the right) to a long carrier c, (adjoining the short carrier 0 hereinafter mentioned on the right). It is then wound back and forth counterclockwise between the long carriers 0 and the short carriers Z). It next passes from the short carrier 5 via the long carrier c (adjoining the short carrier 0 mentioned above on the left) to a carrier (Z It is then wound back and forth clockwise between the carriers (Z and the short carriers 0, finally passing from the short carrier 0 (adjoining the short carrier 0 mentioned above on the right) to the filament-engaging portion 40 of the right-hand current lead Z and being suitably secured thereto. To avoid confusion of the drawing, only the carriers herein specifically mentioned have been marked with their appropriate subscript letters; but the filamentengaging portions of all the carriers have been marked with their proper referencenumerals in order that the filament may be easily followed throughout its entire length. It will be understood that the filament-engaging portions of the various carriers may have the form of hooks while the filament is being applied to the supporting system and that such hooks may afterward be closed to form eyes; also that the carriers may be bent and manipulated after the filament has been placed on them, and that their original angles with the member B may be altered so as to bring the filament sections to a proper degree of tautmess. I

In the drawing the groups A and D are shown as containing the same number of carriers and the groups B and C as each containing the same number of long carriers as the groups A and D- and a number of short carriers which is one greater than the number of long ones. Accordingly, there are in each of the groups B and C two short carriers (5 6 and c 6 respectively) without an intervening long carrier, these short carriers projecting from the side of the member It on which it is secured to the member S. The short carrier 5 and the long carrier 0 however, are employed for the transmission of the filament from the bank F to the bank F and from the bank F to the bank F as above described; and in consequence of this and of the employment of the carriers 0 and Z), for the transmission of the filament between the lefthand current lead and the bank F the bank F contains (including the transmission section 2-3) one filament section less than either of the banks F and F The number of filament sections in the several banks could be made the same by bending the left-hand current lead Z in the opposite direction from that shown and leading the filament from it directly to the long carrier 6 This would allow the filament to extend from the short carrier 5 to the long carrier 0 back to the short carrier 6 and then to pass forward via the short carrier 0 to the bank F thus giving three filament sections 2627, 273, and 32 in place of the two sections 23 and 2627. It will be noted that two of the transmission carriers-the short carrier 0 and the long carrier 0 adjoining it on the left-are shown as facing in directions which are the opposite of those in which the other carriers of their respective characters face.

It will be observed that according to the arrangement illustrated the filament banks F F F are more or less nearly conical; that these banks are successively somewhat larger; and that the small base of one bank and the large base of the preceding bank are juxtaposed. The progressive enlargement of the banks is, of course, due to the progressively greater length of the carriers in successive groups; by a suitable proportioning of the carriers, individual banks of any desired shape or any desired succession of banks can be obtained. The succession of the preceding and succeeding banks of increasing size with bases respec tively large and small juxtaposed is due to the stringing of the filament between the short and long carriers respectively in preceding and succeeding groups: the progressive relation between the bases could be reversed by reversing the mode of stringing, the carriers a and (Z being then regarded as long and short respectively. For reasons which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, however, the relation shown possesses greater advantages.

Any number of filament banks from two up may be employed. It is to be understood, of course, that the number of carriers in the several groups may vary in a variety of ways, and also the arrangement of the carriers in a group. WVith the particular type of filament system shown, for

example, the number of carriers may increase as the banks grow larger--the result of course being an increase in the number of filament sections in successive banks, whichmay in some cases be desirable. More over, a group of filament carriers which vary in length can be advantageously embodied in filament systems or mounts ot many types and employed in various ways; and such a group of carriers on this account itself a very useful device in the art, aside from any particular arrangement ot filament sections with reference to it.

It will be observed that except where the filament passes from the current leads to the banks i and i and between adjacent banks, the change in the direction ot the filament at the carrier between contiguous sections is in every case very considerable,--so that even when the filament (as shown in the drawing) is continuous at these points, such sec tions are almost entirely independent of each other as regards behavior under shock or vibration and there is little tendency for two sections to vibrate or move in unison. llence the strain to which the filai'nent is subjected by vibration is a minimum, and it is supported in the most e'llicient manner and with the least risk of breakage. The arrangement of neighboring 'l'ilament banks tot" whatever form) with large and small bases juxtaposed results in thorough separation of the adjacent ends of the filament sections in such banks and. elimination of any risk of short circuits occurring be tween them; and it is therefore especially advantageous when the carriers supporting the adjacent ends of such filament sections are arranged, as shown, so as to allow the filament sections in neighboring banks to overlap somewhat. The overlapping of banks and their conical :torm tend toward compactness and concentration of the luminous lilament in a small compass. The conicalv form of the filament banks also makes possible a very good end-on illumination from the filament system. 'lhe mount as illustrated lends itself very advantageously to uses in which concentration, evenness, or

symmetry of the source ot light is desirable, as, :t'or example, stereopticon work or the like.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

il. in a filament mount, the cmnhination ot a plurality of groups ot filament carriers of varying length projecting from a suitable supporting member, and a plurality oi banks of filament sections mounted on said anriers, the filament sections oil each bank ex tending between oppositely 'lacing carriers in adjacent group.

2. In a filament mount, the combination ot a plurality of successive conical banks o't filament sections, the large and small bases of successive banks being juxtaposed.

3. in a filament system, the combination oil a plurality of groups ol? filament carriers projecting from a suitable supporting member, and a plurality of banks of filament sections supported by said carriers, the adjacent ends of the sections in neighboring banks being supported by carriers which vary as regards projection :t'rom the said member.

4t. The combination of a plurality of groups of filament carriers suitably spaced apart, and a plurality ot filament sections mounted on said carriers in a plurality of banks, the adjacent ends of the sections in neighboring banks being supported by carriers ot a single group which are of ditl'erent length and the carriers by which corresponding ends of successive banks are supported being of the same character as regards length.

A filament; supporting system compris ing a plurality o't groups of filament carriers suitably spaced apart, the filamentougaging portions ot the carriers in every group except the end ones being staggered.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day ot December, 19m.

EDGAR S. GARDNER.

Vitnesses S. lV. lvnrrnnimn, J. 11. Emtnss.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of lacents, Washington, I). C.

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