UA79418C2 - Linear elecric motor of reciprocating movement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electric engineering. The linear electric motor of reciprocating movement comprises a primary element implemented in the formof set of coils and a magnetic core located in a body, a movable element, located inside the primary element, resilient members which joint the primary and the movable elements, adjacent coils set in magnetic core. The magnetic core is implemented as a layer winded over coils made of ferromagnetic wire or band. The movable element has soft magnetic poles, number of which is equal to coils quantity. Constant magnets having the same polarity are disposed between poles. Axes of corresponding poles and coils are coinciding.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used to drive mechanisms 2 of reciprocating motion (inertial transport machines, switches, vibration exciters, etc.).

A reciprocating electric motor is known, which has a primary element made in the form of a series of coils, and a magnetic circuit, which is the body of an electric machine, a moving element installed inside the primary element, and an elastic element. (11

The disadvantage of the analogue is the significant forces of one-sided magnetic attraction due to the presence of small air gaps between the poles of the primary element and the moving element, which leads to increased wear of the structure and friction costs. In addition, the use of a massive case as a magnetic conductor leads to an increase in energy consumption for eddy currents.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention in terms of its functional purpose and technical essence is a reciprocating linear electric motor of a vibrating submersible for immersing 12 (removing) construction products (piles, sheet piles, pipes, etc.), which has a primary element made in the form of a series of coils inserted in the grooves of the magnetic circuit, and placed in the case, a moving element with permanent magnets, located inside the primary, elastic elements that connect the primary and moving elements. 21

The disadvantages of the linear electric motor chosen for the prototype, as well as the previous analogue, are significant forces of one-sided magnetic attraction with consequences that affect from this, significant complexity in the manufacture of a magnetic circuit with grooves, which leads to increased labor intensity, the need for primary orientation of the toothed structures of the primary and moving elements : the radial axes of the teeth must coincide with the radial axes of the grooves. With significant exciting primary currents, the axes of the teeth of the primary and moving elements may coincide, which can lead to damping of oscillations. with

The invention is based on the goal of simplifying the design and increasing the reliability of the linear Ge) reciprocating electric motor.

The goal is solved by the fact that in a reciprocating linear electric motor, which has a primary element made in the form of a series of coils, and a magnet wire, which are placed in the housing, a movable element located inside the primary element, elastic elements that connect the primary and movable so elements, adjacent coils installed in the magnetic conductor have the opposite current direction, the magnetic conductor "-- is made in the form of a layer of ferromagnetic wire or tape wound over the coils, the movable element has magnetically soft poles, the number of which is equal to the number of coils, between the poles are located permanent magnets, which - have the same polarity relative to the poles, while the axes of the corresponding poles and coils coincide. Gee!

In comparison with the prototype, the proposed reciprocating electric motor differs in the presence of the following features: - - compatible coils have the opposite current direction; - the magnetic conductor is made in the form of a wound layer; - the layer is made of ferromagnetic wire or tape; « - the layer is placed on top of the coils; With 50 - the moving element has soft magnetic poles, the number of which is equal to the number of coils; c - between the poles there are permanent magnets that have the same polarity relative to the poles; z" - the axes of the corresponding poles and coils coincide.

All the above-mentioned features are essential, each individually and collectively ensure the achievement of the set goal.

The essence of the invention is explained by drawings. In Fig.1. shows a general view of a reciprocating linear electric motor with a section, in Fig. 2. - the design of the magnetic system of the electric motor, in Fig. 3. 7 (a, b, c) - the design of the magnetic circuit. (se) The reciprocating linear electric motor (Fig. 1.) has a primary element 1, made in the form of a row of coils 2, and a magnetic circuit 3, which are located in the housing 4. Inside the primary element 1, in the bearing nodes 5, there is a moving element b . Movable element b is connected by means of rockers 7 and 8 to -l 20 body 4 by elastic elements 9. Spring tension adjustment is performed using rods 10.

The coils 2 of the primary element 1 are connected in such a way that each adjacent coil 2 has the opposite current direction (Fig. 2). Magnetic wire Z is made in the form of a layer of ferromagnetic wire 11 (Fig. 3. a) or tape 12 (Fig. 3. b, c) wound on top of coils 2. The tape 12 can be wound both on the flat side (Fig. 3. b) and on the edge" (Fig. 3. c). The material of the magnetic conductor C (ferromagnetic wire 11 or tape 12) should preferably be made with an oxidized or other coating.

GF) The moving element 6 has soft magnetic poles 13, the number of which is equal to the number of coils 2. Between the poles 13 are permanent magnets 14, which have the same polarity relative to the poles 13. The poles 13 and permanent magnets 14 are mounted on the rod 15 of the moving element 6 and are fixed with the help of a flange 16 and a clamping nut 17. because Coils 2 of the primary element 1 and poles 13 of the moving element 6 are structurally placed in such a way that their axes are both longitudinal X, (axis of coil 2) and Xa (axis of pole 13), and radial UC (axis of coil 2) and Z (axis of pole 13) coincide (Fig. 2).

The reciprocating linear electric motor is connected to the working body 18 (for example, a construction pile) through the racks 19 and the headstock 20. Because the reciprocating linear electric motor is assembled as follows.

The primary element 1 together with the magnetic conductor Z is installed in the housing 4 and fixed. Poles 13 and permanent magnets 14 are strung on a rod 15 made of non-magnetic material, so that permanent magnets 14 have the same polarity relative to poles 13 (Fig. 2.) and are fixed with a clamping nut 17. after that, the movable element 6 is mounted inside the primary element 1 with the help of bearing units 5. Next, rockers 7 and 8 are installed at the ends of the rod 15, to which elastic elements 9 are attached. The rods 10 are passed into the holes of the housing brackets 4 and the zero position of the oscillating system is adjusted (coincidence of the radial axes M and Moore) and the initial tension of elastic elements 9. The linear electric motor is installed on the working body 18, which is affected by the vibrations of the linear electric motor. 70 The reciprocating linear electric motor works in the same way. An alternating current is supplied to the coils 2 of the primary element 1. The interaction of the current of the coils 2 with the magnetic field of the poles 13 (at

Fig. 2. shown by a dashed line) leads to the appearance of a force directed along the longitudinal axis of the electric motor. Since the adjacent coils 2 have the opposite current direction (Fig. 2 shows their directions), and the adjacent poles 13 have opposite polarity, the resulting forces between the coils 2 and poles 13 act in the same direction. Since alternating current is supplied to 7/5 Coils 2, the resulting forces will change direction with the frequency of the supplied current.

The frequency of forced oscillations and their amplitude depends on the frequency and magnitude of the current supplied to the coils 2.

Oscillations of the movable element 6 through the rockers 7 and 8 and the elastic elements 9 are transmitted to the body 4, which is connected to the working body 18 through the racks 19 and the headrest 20. The optimal mode of operation is when the frequency of forced oscillations due to the electric power supply coincides with the frequency of its own fluctuations, which depends

From the mass of the oscillating system and the stiffness of the springs, that is, the resonant mode. Thus, by changing some of the values, i.e., the frequency and magnitude of the current, the stiffness of the elastic elements, the mass of the oscillating system, it is possible to establish such phase relationships at which the greatest power enters the oscillating system, which increases productivity.

Since the primary element 1 is made in the form of a row of coils 2 without a clearly expressed toothed zone about the magnetic field, in the proposed linear electric motor the forces of radial magnetic attraction are significantly reduced, acting on the moving element 6, which reduces the wear of structural elements and friction costs. Execution i) of coils 2 without a pronounced toothed area, in addition, does not have a strong effect on the distribution of forces caused by different magnetic conductivities along the air gap of the electric motor. All this significantly increases the reliability of the electric motor. Production of the magnetic conductor Z in the form of a layer of ferromagnetic wire 11 or tape 12 greatly simplifies the design, its production is carried out using zero-waste technology, which leads to a significant saving of materials. Making the wire 11 or tape 12 coated reduces eddy current costs. "IS

Thus, the implementation of the elements of the reciprocating electric motor in the above-mentioned form significantly simplifies the design, reduces the costs of friction and eddy currents, which generally increases reliability. uh-

The authors have made a prototype of a reciprocating linear electric motor, which is tested as a vibration exciter in the immersion of building elements (piles, sheet piles, etc.).

Bibliographic data sources of information 1. Ryashentsev N.P., Sboev V.M., Bulov V.G. The control system of an electromagnetic machine "reciprocating motion with a three-phase asymmetrical bridge power supply scheme". Sat. in c Zelectric impact machines. Novosibirsk, Izd-vo "Nauka", 1969. 2. Declaratory patent for an invention. Ukraine, Mo72162A, MKV 7 E0O207/10, EO207/18, EO207/20, 2005, Bull. with Mo.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention -I co Linear electric motor of reciprocating motion, which has a primary element, made in the form of a series of coils, and a magnetic wire, which are placed in the housing, a movable element located inside the primary 5p element, elastic elements that connect the primary and moving element, which is distinguished by the fact that the adjacent coils installed in the magnetic wire have the opposite direction of current, the magnetic wire is made in the form of a layer of ferromagnetic wire or tape wound over the coils, the moving element has soft magnetic poles, the number of which is equal to the number of coils , between the poles there are permanent magnets that have the same polarity relative to the poles, while the axes of the corresponding poles and coils coincide. F) name) 60 b5