UA66025A - Device for electrophoresis - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for electrophoresis comprises two electrodes connected to power supply and the inhaler for spraying the particles of the drugs. The electrodes are designed as the flexible belts encompassing the neck and the chest of the patient, the neck belt connected electrically to the container comprising the solid drug in the inhaler.

Description

The application belongs to medicine, in particular - to physical methods used to treat sick people. The device can also be used in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine.

There is a well-known method of electrophoresis and a device for its application (|1|), which consists in the formation of a potential difference in the body area, which promotes the transport of drugs in solution through the epithelium: electrically charged drug molecules move to the side of the opposite charge. The device for electrophoresis is a rectifier of alternating voltage, well isolated from the primary circuit, with a large internal resistance that limits the current through the patient's body (ie forms a current generator).Usually the maximum operating current does not exceed a few milliamperes PI.

The method of dynamic electrophoresis |2)| is also known, in which a high frequency or broad-spectrum pulses are added to the direct current through the patient's body. In case (2), these are high-frequency currents generated by induction. The variable component of the current causes the oscillation of ions in the tissue, opens the polarization chains that interfere with the transport of drugs in organic structures.

The introduction of drugs into the body in the form of nanoparticles - almost molecular in size - is becoming widespread. These particles pass through cellular channels and thus drug transport is extended. In particular, nanoparticles can be administered through an inhaler. This route of administration has the advantage that the medication enters the artery directly as opposed to intravenous administration, which adds a small circle of blood circulation to the route of the medication.

But, as evidenced by |ZI, a regular inhaler has a coefficient of effectiveness somewhere between 2-395 due to the fact that the alveoli of the lungs are clogged with drugs of a large dose and the capacity of the alveoli decreases. It is obvious that the addition of electrophoresis to inhalation will increase the effectiveness of this method of tren alcohol drugs.

The prototype of the submitted application is a standard device for electrophoresis (1). In addition to an isolation transformer and a 60 V rectifier with voltage regulation, the device contains two lead electrodes (obviously due to their flexibility) that are applied to the skin. Two pieces of cloth are impregnated with a drug solution, which are placed between the body and lead electrodes (obviously, the drug solution is electrically conductive). In this way, drugs are introduced into the body using electrophoresis.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the inability to work with dry medicines, in particular with nanoparticles. Dry nanoparticles can be sprayed in an inhaler and enter the patient's lungs as dust. This method has an advantage over the aqueous solution, because it is the water droplets that seal the alveoli.

The task of the submitted application is to optimize the electrophoresis of nanoparticles introduced into the lungs using an inhaler, i.e. to improve the efficiency. (effectiveness) of treatment.

This problem is solved by the use of electrodes in the form of flexible metal straps, one of which covers the patient's body below the lungs, and the other covers the neck, and the container with nanoparticles embedded in the inhaler is electrically connected to the neck strap.

A pair of strips creates an electric field in the cavity of the lungs, tracheas and bronchi, attracting particles to the tissue, and the charge of the same name relative to the neck electrode, on the contrary, repels them from the walls of the oral cavity and larynx. In this way, the electric field ensures the desired route of the particles in the respiratory tract.

Figure 1 shows a sketch of the device. The numbers indicate: 1 - patient, 2 - cervical beehive, C - particle path, 4 - current source, 5 - chest beehive, 6 - inhaler, 7 - container with particles, 8 - connecting wire.

Straps 2 and 5 are on the patient II and connected to the current source 4. The inhaler 6 is in front of the mouth of the patient I, the container with particles 7 is in the inhaler 6 and is connected by a wire 8 to the neck strap 2.

The path of the sprayed particles C passes from the container 7, through the mouth of the patient 1 to the lungs 9.

The source of electric current 4, connected to electrodes 2, 5, forms an electric field that provides electrophoresis, that is, directs the particles that have passed the level of electrode 2, to the side of electrode 5. The walls of the oral cavity and larynx are under the potential of electrode 2, as well as the mass of particles in the container 7, so the particles moving with the air from breathing are pushed away from the walls of the cavity organs. This ensures the delivery of drugs to the lungs, improved under the influence of electrophoresis.

For clinical use, electrode pads 2 and 5 are applied to the patient's body tightly to the skin.

The inhaler is adjusted according to the instructions. The current is regulated from the smallest level to the one that the patient feels, but is comfortable for him. After a few minutes, the sensitivity of the current disappears and it must be increased. This is done several times during the session.

An example of the practical implementation of the presented device can be a mock-up of electrodes made of braided coaxial cable RK50-9-23 covered with silver. Straps are two or three turns of braid. The ends of the straps are fastened with clips of the "crocodile" type. The current generator provides C mA maximum, which corresponds to the parameters of the standard device. The internal resistance is equal to 200 kΩ. The measured resistance between the electrodes placed on the patient is an order of magnitude smaller. An inhaler can be one of several types offered by pharmacies, capable of spraying dry frequencies.

Sources of Information 1. N.M. Lyvshitsev, A.R. Livenson. Electromedical equipment // "Medicine", Moscow, 1979. 2. Short medical encyclopedia (edited by Acad. RAMS V.Y. Pokrovsky) // "Permyera" - scientific and practical association "Medical encyclopedia", Moscow, 2001, p.409 - "inductotherm electrophoresis". 3. Robert Langer. Why the medicine does not hit the target // "Scientific American" magazine, April 2003,

P.33-39.

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Claims (1)

An electrophoresis device that includes two electrodes connected to a current source and an inhaler that sprays dry drug particles, characterized in that the electrodes are made in the form of flexible straps that cover the patient's body, in particular the neck and chest, and the neck strap is electrically attached to the container with solid particles of medicine in the inhaler.