UA44229C2 - BURNING DEVICE AND METHOD OF BURNING LIQUID CARBON FUEL FUEL - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for burning crude oil has a conduit (12) without a flow restriction orifice and which receives oil to be burned. The conduit (12) has a plurality of inclined nozzles (28) which are also arranged about the longitudinal axis of the bore (30) so as to be substantially tangential to the interior surface. A supply of high velocity air is passed through an inlet manifold (32) and inside a housing (18) surrounding the conduit (12) in the vicinity of the nozzles (28) where it passes through the nozzles (28) into the bore (30) of the conduit (12). The high velocity air breaks the fuel up into panicles and pounds the panicles with an angular velocity causing the panicles to swirl or rotate as a fine mist in one direction about the longitudinal axis at the outlet (16).

Description

The present invention relates to a method and device intended in particular, but not exclusively, for burning crude oil on platforms for exploration and production of oil. In particular, the invention relates to a fuel oil burner for burning crude oil obtained during the operation of testing carbonaceous fossil fuels in liquid or powder form, for example, coal dust.

A known combustion device contains a pipeline for receiving liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel for its burning and a method according to which burning of current carbonaceous fuel is carried out in a fuel burner.

The disadvantage of the known method for burning crude oil and the device for it is that they use traditional furnace technology. It consists in the fact that first, by creating a pressure drop, the oil is sprayed through a nozzle, and then the sprayed oil is mixed with the atomizing substance, for example, air or gas. Then the mixture is injected through the second nozzle and ignited. Such combustion is inefficient and incomplete, resulting in the formation of an excessive amount of soot, which is not only dangerous, but also harmful to the environment. In addition, if the old oil is viscous or contains a large amount of solid particles, the nozzles can be completely or partially clogged, thus, the combustion will be incomplete.

The task of the present invention is to create an improved method and device for combustion, which ensured the mixing of liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel with a gaseous atomizing substance and keeping the mixture in the combustion zone much longer for effective combustion.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the proposed combustion device contains a pipeline for receiving liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel for its combustion, which, in accordance with the invention, has a channel, an inlet, an outlet and a longitudinal axis, a casing, a surrounding pipeline and a cavity forming between the inner surface of the casing and the outer surface of the pipeline, and the pipeline has many holes in it, connecting the pipeline channel with the cavity, holes located at an angle or inclination to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline, directions in the direction of the pipeline entrance and locations! so that the nozzles have an entrance to the channel essentially tangential to the inner surface of the pipeline, and the body is adapted to be connected to the source of the gaseous substance in such a way that during use, when the fuel passes through the pipeline to its exit, the gas under high pressure is pumped around the mentioned cavities and through inclined holes for the formation of a rotating mixture of oil particles for their burning at the entrance of the pipeline.

Preferably, the mentioned row of holes is arranged in a plane essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline.

In addition, it is provided that the pipeline and the body can be filled! cylindrical, and the cavity is ring-shaped.

Generally, the aforementioned nozzle is placed in a spiral around the pipeline. Predominantly, the fuel is oil, for example gray oil. Or coal dust is combustible.

The proposed combustion device efficiently mixes liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel with gas under high pressure and keeps the mixture in the combustion zone much longer to ensure more efficient combustion. In the version of the device, this is achieved by directing a stream of air at a high speed into the head of the burner, which acts like a gun for spraying paint or aerosol.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, this is achieved by creating a device for burning in the form of a burner head, in which oil passes through a pipeline without a nozzle to limit the flow. Near the end of the pipeline, there are many holes, each of which is inclined towards the outlet of the pipeline and which pass through the pipeline so that they are located essentially tangentially to the surface of the pipeline, and the pipeline near the inclined holes is surrounded by an annular space through which air passes at a high speed through the inclined holes into the pipeline for mixing with oil. The air separates the oil into particles and imparts an angular velocity to the particles, causing them to rotate or spin in one direction. The rotating mixture remains in the flame, which becomes hotter as the particles are consumed, resulting in improved combustion.

Mixing oil forms a light smoke with a small swirl at the exit from the burner throat; The flow tests on this burner, compared with the ordinary burner head, were successful, since there were actually no visible vibrations.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is developed a combustion device for mixing a liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel with a gaseous atomizing substance, the device comprising a burner head having a conduit for receiving the supplied combustion fuel, which does not contain a flow restriction nozzle and which has an inlet, an outlet, a channel and a longitudinal axis, and the pipeline also has a number of nozzles located near its outlet, for the passage of a gaseous atomizing substance at a high speed into the pipeline channel for mixing with the fuel in it, a body surrounding the mentioned pipeline and forming a cavity with the outer surface a pipeline for directing a gaseous atomizing substance at a high speed around the outer surface of the pipeline, a pipeline for the inlet of a gaseous atomizing substance, connections with the body, for supplying a gaseous atomizing substance to the body c, and the nozzles in the mentioned pipeline pass through the pipeline to connect the cavity between the body and the pipeline cavity with the opening of the fuel pipeline, the nozzles are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the fuel pipeline in the direction of the flow and arrangement! so that each nozzle passes through the pipeline so that the nozzles enter the channel essentially tangentially to the surface of the channel, and the nozzles are spread apart! along the periphery of the fuel pipeline, thus, during use, the fuel, which is supplied through the opening of the fuel pipeline, is exposed to the action of a gaseous substance at a high speed, which breaks the fuel into particles and imparts an angular velocity to the particles, leaving the particles! swirls or rotates to form a light swirling mist at the exit of the burner throat.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of burning liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel in a fuel burner is proposed, which consists of the following stages: the burning fuel is transferred through a pipeline without a nozzle that limits the flow, and the pipeline has inlet and outlet openings, a channel and a longitudinal axis; they send a gaseous atomizing substance through a set of nozzles into the pipeline channel near the pipeline outlet, and the nozzles in the channel are inclined! to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline and pass through the channel so that each nozzle enters the channel at a point located essentially tangentially to the inner surface of the pipeline; the gaseous atomizing substance is mixed with the combustible in the pipeline in such a way that the gaseous atomizing substance breaks into particles with angular velocity as a result of particles! swirl and rotate in the fog around the longitudinal axis of the pipeline in one direction at the exit from the pipeline and the mixture ignites at the exit from the pipeline.

These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: fig. 1 - a cross-sectional view of the head of a fuel oil burner in accordance with the implementation of the present invention; fig. 2 - cross-sectional view in plane 2-2 in fig. 1; fig. C - view from the end of the burner in the direction of arrow A, shown in fig. 1, in plane 3-3; fig. 4 - a perspective view and partially with a cross-section of the pipeline shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, without a case; and fig. 5 - a view of the pipeline for use with a burner with a different nozzle, than in fig. 1 - 4.

First, consider fig. 1, which shows the burner head, generally indicated in position 1, for burning oil in the open sea or on shore. Although a single torch head will be described, one or more such torch heads may be used. The head 1 of the burner consists of a steel cylindrical pipeline 2, which has an entrance C for connection to the source of oil from the wells! (not shown for the sake of clarity) and the outlet 4 of the burner, where the oil fed to the burner is ignited by an ignition torch (not shown) and burned, as will be described in detail. Around the outer surface of the cylindrical pipeline 2 is a cylindrical body 5 in sealed connection with it thanks to the ring seals b and 7. The body 5 is held in place by a connector ring 8 and a narrow ring 9, which is connected to the body 5 by means of a threaded connection 10. The wall 11 of the body forms an annular chamber 13 with the outer wall 12 of the cylindrical pipeline 2. In the wall of the cylindrical pipeline, a set of nozzles 14 are arranged at an angle to ensure communication between the annular chamber 13 and the channel 15 of the pipeline. In the design shown, there are 24 nozzles, arranged in groups of 8 nozzles, spaced at an angle of 45" along the periphery of the pipeline 2, as best seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, although only such nozzles are shown in Fig. 17. Each nozzle 14 is a drilled hole with a diameter of 1/4 (b, 4 mm) and is located at an angle of approximately 45" to the axis of the wells! in the direction of the oil flow, and, as best shown in fig. With and 4, the nozzles are arranged so that they pass through the pipeline 2 not radially with holes exiting into the channel 15 essentially tangentially to the inner surface 16 of the channel. Such an arrangement of holes facilitates the passage of air at high speed from the annular chamber 13 to the channel 15 of the cylindrical pipeline to facilitate combustion, as will be described in detail. The cylindrical body 5 is connected to the inlet manifold 17, which, in turn, has an inlet 18 connected to a source of high-velocity air (not shown for clarity). The inlet manifold 17 can be connected to the cylindrical body 5 by means of a threaded connection, a plug-in snap connection or any other appropriate connection for connecting nodes.

In fig. 2 and 3 it is shown that the nozzles 14 are evenly spaced along the periphery of the pipeline 2 to facilitate the uniform flow of air into the pipeline for thorough and uniform mixing of oil for combustion.

During application, the oil passes through the channel 15 of the pipeline 2. When the oil approaches the inlet 4, it mixes with high-speed air, which passes through the inlet manifold 17 around the annular chambers 13 and through the nozzle 14, where it mixes with the oil, forming the oil/air mixture is like a rotating vortex in the form of fog in one direction, as shown by the arrows in fig. C and 4. The rotating mist of the mixture ensures effective mixing, thus, the mixture, when ignited, remains in the flame longer, becomes hotter and ensures thorough and efficient burning of crude oil, thus, there are virtually no visible vibrations into the atmosphere.

Because the device allows you to get an effect that is significantly superior to the effect of existing burner heads, and, as you can see, such burner heads can be combined to get a composite burner head for processing a large amount of gray oil flows. The arrangement of nozzles in groups has the advantage that they form a mist of the oil/air mixture with swirling, which is very uniform and effective, as a result, the mixture remains in the flame longer, thus, the flame temperature increases. Over time, this leads to complete and efficient burning of crude oil, and to such a degree that when crude oil is completely burned, the emission of sooty or black smoke into the atmosphere is essentially eliminated.

In the scope of the invention of possibilities! various modifications in the described design. For example, any number of nozzles can be placed in the head of the burner, but a sufficient number of nozzles to ensure a sufficient flow of air to achieve the appropriate mixing and the necessary effect, similar to a rotating vortex.

The size and angle of the nozzle are not considered critical, and they may vary from those indicated! on the drawing.

However, the size and angle of the nozzle must be correct! beat sufficiently so that the air could mix with the oil, as described, and provide a rotating mixture. Nozzles can be installed! in groups in a plane, located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, or they can be installed in the form of a continuous or intermittent spiral around the pipeline, as shown in fig. 5, to simplify the formation of a spirally swirling fog of the mixture. It should also be clear that instead of air, other gaseous atomizing agents, such as steam and hydrocarbons, can be used, as they provide the necessary mixing with oil to facilitate its combustion, as described above. It is clear that nozzle 14 is not the right one! enters it at a sufficient angle so that during application, when the gaseous atomizing substance passes through the nozzles at high speed, a swirling fog of a mixture of oil particles or coal sawdust is formed, as shown in fig. 4. The burner can be used with crude oil with a higher content of water fraction and heavy fractions. The fuel can also be a powdered dry fossil fuel, for example, coal dust, which can be mixed with a gaseous atomizing substance having a high speed to form a swirling fog of coal dust particles for burning in a burner.

The main advantage of the present invention is that the burning of gray oil is achieved without the formation of soot-covered black smoke; moreover, the burning is very efficient and there are actually no visible vibrations into the atmosphere from the burning of oil, thus, less harm is done to the environment. Throttle of the flow of oil to the burner is not required, so the risk of clogging with crude oil is reduced even with a high content of solid particles or powdered fuel, for example, coal dust.

The second advantage of this system! it is the fact that the back pressure created by the nozzles used in ordinary burners is reduced, so the well can be tested without interference. This means that the working pressure for testing wells can be reduced, which will ensure safety, since the risk of oil backflow into the air spraying system is reduced. sya 11 from in quarter "I i

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Claims (12)

1. A device for burning, containing a pipeline for receiving liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel for its burning, characterized by the fact that the pipeline has a channel, an inlet, an outlet and a longitudinal axis, a housing, a surrounding pipeline and forming a cavity between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the pipeline, and the pipeline has many holes in it, connecting the pipeline channel with the cavity, the holes of the arrangement! at an angle or inclination! to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline, directions in the direction of the pipeline exit and locations! so that the nozzles have an entrance to the channel essentially tangential to the inner surface of the pipeline, and the housing is adapted to be connected to the source of the gaseous substance in such a way that during use, when the fuel passes through the pipeline to its exit, the gas under high pressure is pumped around the mentioned cavity and through an inclined hole for the formation of a rotating mixture of oil particles for their burning at the exit from the pipeline. 2. The device according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the group of holes is located in a plane essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the arrangement of holes! in a spiral around the pipeline. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pipeline is filled with a cylinder. 5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the body is cylindrical. b. The device according to any of the preceding clauses, characterized by the fact that the cavity is filled with a ring. 7. The device according to any previous point, distinguished by the fact that the arrangement at the angle of the opening is a nozzle, the installation is uniform along the periphery of the cylindrical pipeline. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that five groups of nozzles are different! along the longitudinal axis of the pipeline. 9. The device according to any preceding item, characterized by the fact that each group consists of eight nozzles. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the gas under high pressure is air. 11. The device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by the fact that nozzles are arranged! in a spiral around the pipeline. 12. The method of burning liquid carbonaceous fossil fuel in a fuel burner, including the supply of the liquid fuel to be burned and the atomized gaseous substance, distinguished by the fact that the fuel is directed through a pipeline without a nozzle limiting the flow, and the pipeline has an inlet, an outlet, a channel and a longitudinal axis, a gaseous atomizing substance through a set of nozzles into the pipeline channel near the outlet of the pipeline, and the nozzles in the opening are inclined! to the longitudinal axis of the pipeline and pass through the hole so that each nozzle enters the channel at a point located essentially tangential to the inner surface of the pipeline, mix the gaseous atomizing substance with the fuel in the pipeline in such a way that the gaseous atomizing substance breaks the fuel into particles having angular velocity, as a result of which the particles spin or rotate in the fog around the longitudinal axis of the pipeline in one direction at the exit from the pipeline, ignite the mixture at the exit from the pipeline.