M437713 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本創作涉及-觀·療器材領域之人工電子視網膜的結 構0 【先前技術】 失月可狀最嚴重的眼部疾病，由於視覺的機制極其複雜， 即便在科學十分發_現代健未制^全明瞭以致於仍無有 效讓盲人復明。 以視網膜而言，並非僅單純具有感光與傳遞訊號的功能，本 身尚具備複雜精密之影像處理迴路，足以初步辨識物體之輪扉。 以先天性視咖退化軸而言，至今仍無有效絲方法。例如色 _視_炎，患者常在十餘歲時開始產生夜盲症狀，進而_ 缺損，四、五十歲時失明’目前仍無有效的治療方法。具潛力之 治療包括視賴移植、基因治療、神魏素療法，與人工電子視 網膜等’其中人工電子視網膜，因具備可大量生產之潛力，已成 為眼科學界重要發展課題。 人工電子視網膜之設計，可粗分為「視網膜上裝置」、「視網 膜下裂置」、「全層視網膜裝置」與「視神經包圍裝置」。視網膜上 裝置常利用電訊號刺激神經節細胞，使其產生動作電位；視網臈 下裝置則是利用電訊號刺激光接受細胞，使其產生動作電位，並 幫助光接受細胞恢復功能；目前最有進展的是「視網膜上裝置 3 與「視網膜下裝置」’在顧均有初步的人體試驗結果，號稱足以 健色素性視賴炎病患之部分視覺。國内則從事視網膜下褒置 之研究，最終目標在於研發出全層之電子視網膜。目前已有初步 產出，由動物實驗體外與體内測試，證明電子視網膜在光線刺激 下可產生可記錄之電生理反應。 人工電子_膜實為-種生物電子裝置，其設計構想乃是以 電子感光兀件取代視網膜感光細胞，並具備刺激殘存視神經細胞 的能力，因而得以傳遞光線誘發之電子訊號來修復視覺。類似裝 置亦可直接植入大腦，刺激大腦皮質產生視力。然而視覺系統複 雜龐大，其機制至今尚未能完全明瞭。目前的重心仍著重於可植 入之人工電子視網膜。 視網膜上裝置為目前最成功之研發標的，其研發方向為將微 小電極陣列，置於視網膜上方（即玻璃體側），直接電刺激色素性 視網膜炎病患的殘餘神經節細胞。電極本身只是單純的刺激裝 置其號與電源供應則經由電線、紅外線或射頻電波，直接或 間接傳輸至電極。位在體外之電子感光科(例如⑽，可以配置 適當之鏡頭’與積體化之電子視覺迴路，集合成_眼鏡之裝置， 同步輸出電子訊號與電源，傳至視網膜上方之多重微小電極陣 歹J由於其研發設計製造較為直接，此種視網膜上裝置為多數研 究單位所採用，其人體試驗也較容易進行。 視網膜下裝置，則由取代位居視網膜外層之感光細胞著手， 又。十為簡單。由於位在視網膜下，其固定性不成問題，亦為其 M437713 優點。加以多數視網膜疾病位於視網膜外層而非視網膜内層，此 設計較貼近臨床疾病之所需。譬如視網膜剝離，雖經手術成功貼 回視網膜’其感光細胞常已凋亡而無法恢復視力，而視網膜下裝 置’適足以取代受損的感光細胞。 視網膜下裝置辅以對應之電子視覺迴路，逐步模仿感光細胞、 水平細胞、雙極細胞、無轴索細胞、神經節細胞之聯合功能，可 對應各種不同層次之視網膜疾病，而分別設計之。 # 隨著人類對視網膜視覺機制進一步的探索與了解，人工電子 視網膜的研發也將進一步精進，有朝一日將能模擬全層視網膜之 功能，進而徹底解決視網膜疾病，甚至取代健康之視網膜，發展 出不可思議之視力，因此具有工商業與軍事之潛力，已為先進國 家列為發展重點。 目前的人工電子視網膜的基本構造，為包含複數電子感光元 件與複數微電極所組成的光電單元陣列，其中，每一個光電單元 •中的一個微電極是電性接觸地設在一個電子感光元件上，一般是 將微電極設在感光元件的中央，感光元件的周邊則為電子迴路。 所述電子感光元件類似數位相機之CMOS (C〇mplementary Metal-Oxide- Semiconductor，互補式金氧半導體），或 CCD( Charge-coupled Device ’電荷耦合元件）。人工電子視網膜 安裝於眼球後，將電流通人微電極陣顺舰神經細胞及觸發電 子感光元件’光線在電子感光元件的感光區得以形成影像，電流 再回流至電子迴路。依據理論與實務，微電極的輸出功率和刺激 5 M437713 神經細胞及觸發電子感光元件的效果成正比，但功率愈大的微電 . 極體積也愈大，以致於會遮蔽相對較多面積的電子感光元件而降 低感光效率；因此，一般的人工電子視網膜無法藉由將微電極進 —步增大來提昇電流輸入及輸出功率。 【新型内容】 本創作的目的，在於提供一種不影響進光量的原則下，可以 ♦提昇電流輸入及輸出電子感光元件的功率，進而提昇感光效率的 人工電子視網膜。 本創作的特徵，是在人工電子視網膜的光電單元陣列中，將 具有可透光的導電材料電性接觸地結合於該光電單元的電子减光 元件，並且亦與該微電極電性接觸，藉此，可以在不減少電子感 光元件之感光區域面積的條件下擴大對電子感光元件的電流輸入 及輸出功率，提昇感光效率。 籲 本創作提供的人工電子視網膜，其技術手段包含有由複數個 電子感光元件、微電極與電子迴路構成的光電單元陣列，所述光 電單元是將-個微電極電性接觸地設在一個電子感光元件上，且 該電子感光元件的周邊設為電子迴路，該電子感光元件的表面電 性連接地設置-層可透光的導電材料，且該可透光的導電材料同 時電性連接該微電極。 本創作的可透光的導電材料，可以是一種可導電的生物材 料，例如銦錫氡化物（1祕_讀他）、奈米礙管((：姑削細 6 M437713 tube)、或石墨烯（Graphene)等。 本創作可以在所述可透光的導電材料設置可聚光的結構，以 提昇光線通·可透光_f材顺進人電子感光元件的光量。 本創作可以在所述可透光的導電材料設置可產生放電效果的 結構’以提昇電流通可透光的導電材料後輸人及輸出電子感 光元件的功率。M437713 V. New description: [New technical field] This creation involves the structure of artificial electronic retina in the field of therapeutic equipment. [Prior Art] The most serious eye disease due to the loss of the moon, due to the extremely complicated visual mechanism Even if the science is very _ modern and healthy, it is so clear that there is still no effective way for the blind to recover. In the case of the retina, it is not only a function of sensitization and transmission of signals, but it also has a sophisticated image processing loop, which is sufficient to initially identify the rim of the object. In terms of the congenital axis of degeneration, there is still no effective silk method. For example, color _ visual _ inflammation, patients often begin to produce night blindness symptoms in their teens, and then _ defect, blindness at the age of 40 or 50. There is still no effective treatment. Potential treatments include parasitic transplantation, gene therapy, neuroproliferative therapy, and artificial electronic retina. Among them, artificial electron retinas have become an important development topic in the ophthalmology industry because of their potential for mass production. The design of the artificial electronic retina can be roughly divided into "retina device", "subretinal rupture", "full-thickness retinal device" and "optical nerve surrounding device". The device on the retina often uses electrical signals to stimulate the ganglion cells to produce action potentials; the device under the net is to use the electrical signals to stimulate the light to receive cells, to generate action potentials, and to help the light to receive cell recovery functions; The progress is that the "retina device 3 and the "retina device" have a preliminary human test result, which is said to be sufficient for some of the visual effects of patients with pigmented optic vaginitis. In China, the research on the subretinal sputum is carried out, and the ultimate goal is to develop a full-layer electronic retina. There are preliminary outputs that have been tested in vitro and in vivo by animal experiments to demonstrate that the electronic retina produces a recordable electrophysiological response under light stimulation. The artificial electron _ membrane is a kind of bio-electronic device. The design idea is to replace the retinal photoreceptor cells with electronic photographic elements and to stimulate the residual optic nerve cells, so that the light-induced electronic signals can be transmitted to repair the vision. Similar devices can be implanted directly into the brain to stimulate the cerebral cortex to produce vision. However, the visual system is complex and its mechanism has not yet been fully understood. The current focus is still on the artificial electronic retina that can be implanted. The device on the retina is currently the most successful development target, and its research and development direction is to place the microelectrode array on the retina (ie, the vitreous side) to directly stimulate the residual ganglion cells of patients with retinitis pigmentosa. The electrode itself is simply a stimulus device and its power supply is transmitted directly or indirectly to the electrode via wires, infrared or radio frequency waves. Electron sensitization in vitro (for example, (10), can be equipped with appropriate lens' and integrated electronic vision loop, assembled into _ glasses device, synchronous output of electronic signals and power, transmitted to the multiple micro-electrode array above the retina Because of its direct development, design and manufacture, this device on the retina is used by most research units, and its human test is easier to perform. The subretinal device is replaced by photoreceptor cells located in the outer layer of the retina. Because it is located under the retina, its fixation is not a problem, it is also the advantage of M437713. Most retinal diseases are located in the outer layer of the retina rather than the inner layer of the retina. This design is closer to the needs of clinical diseases. For example, retinal detachment, although successfully reattached by surgery Back to the retina 'the photoreceptor cells often have apoptosis and can not restore vision, and the subretinal device is adequate to replace the damaged photoreceptor cells. The subretinal device is supplemented with the corresponding electronic visual circuit, gradually imitating photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, bipolar The combined function of cells, axons, and ganglion cells, Corresponding to various levels of retinal diseases, they are designed separately. # With the further exploration and understanding of the retinal visual mechanism by humans, the development of artificial electronic retina will be further refined, and one day will be able to simulate the function of the full-thickness retina, and then completely solve the problem. Retinal diseases, even replacing the healthy retina, develop incredible vision, so they have the potential of business and military, and have been listed as the development focus for advanced countries. The basic structure of the current artificial electronic retina is composed of multiple electronic photosensitive elements and complex micro An array of photovoltaic cells composed of electrodes, wherein one of the microelectrodes of each of the photovoltaic cells is electrically contacted on an electronic photosensitive element, generally the microelectrode is disposed at the center of the photosensitive element, and the periphery of the photosensitive element is The electronic circuit is similar to a CMOS (C〇mplementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) or a CCD (Charge-coupled Device) of a digital camera. The artificial electronic retina is mounted on the eyeball. After the electricity Circulating human microelectrode arrays of stalking nerve cells and triggering electronic photosensitive elements 'lights are formed in the photosensitive region of the electronic photosensitive element, and current is returned to the electronic circuit. According to theory and practice, the output power of the microelectrode and stimulation 5 M437713 nerve cells And the effect of triggering the electronic photosensitive element is proportional, but the higher the power of the micro-electricity, the larger the volume, so that the relatively large area of the electronic photosensitive element is shielded to reduce the photosensitive efficiency; therefore, the general artificial electron retina cannot borrow The current input and output power are increased by stepping up the microelectrode. [New content] The purpose of this creation is to provide a power that can increase the current input and output of the electronic photosensitive element without affecting the amount of light entering. An artificial electronic retina that enhances photosensitivity. The present invention is characterized in that in an array of photovoltaic cells of an artificial electronic retina, an electron-diffusing component having a light-transmissive conductive material is electrically coupled to the photovoltaic unit, and is also in electrical contact with the microelectrode. Therefore, the current input and output power to the electronic photosensitive element can be expanded without reducing the area of the photosensitive region of the electronic photosensitive element, and the photosensitive efficiency can be improved. The artificial electronic retina provided by the present invention includes a photoelectric unit array composed of a plurality of electronic photosensitive elements, microelectrodes and electronic circuits, wherein the photoelectric units are electrically connected to each other in one electron. On the photosensitive element, the periphery of the electronic photosensitive element is an electronic circuit, and the surface of the electronic photosensitive element is electrically connected to a layer of a light-transmitting conductive material, and the light-transmitting conductive material is electrically connected to the micro electrode. The light transmissive conductive material of the present invention may be an electrically conductive biomaterial such as indium tin antimonide (1 secret _ read him), nano smear tube ((: 姑 细 fine 6 M437713 tube), or graphene (Graphene), etc. The present invention can provide a condensable structure on the light-transmitting conductive material to enhance the light amount of the light-transmitting light-transmitting material into the human-electron photosensitive element. The light-transmissive conductive material is provided with a structure that can generate a discharge effect to increase the power of the current and the output of the electronic photosensitive element after the current is transmitted through the conductive material that can transmit light.
【實施方式】 以下配合圖式及元件符號對本創作的實施方式做更詳細的說 明’俾使熟習該項技藝者在研讀本酬書後能據以實施。 第-圖為顯示本解之人工電子視峨結構的平面示意圖， 其包含有由複數光電單元U所構成光電單元_卜第二圖與第 圖—刀别為π光電單元n結構之平面示賴與平面剖視示意 圖；每-個光電單元n包含有_電子感光元件⑴、一微電極ιΐ2 與-電子鱗113 ’微電極112是·_地設在電子感光元」 111上’且電子感光元件111的周邊設為電子迴路113 ;電子感 元件111的表_進-步設置_層可透光的導電材料114，使該 透光的導電鄉114 _電性連接該電子元件⑴與該微 極112。在本創作的較佳實施例，基於將人工料視網膜安裝於 ^眼球後使㈣餅烟最小的考量，所财透光料電材料1 疋減可以和人體眼球相容的生物材料，例如銦錫氧化物⑽i tnoxide)、奈米碳管(Carb〇nnan〇tube)、或石墨稀价袖⑸ 7 M437713 :，此可透光的導電材料114可以在利用標準半導體製程製造出 前述的光電單元陣列！後，再於後製程採用真空蒸錢、賤鍍… 等適當的加工方法將諸如銦錫氧化物、奈米碳管、或石鱗等可 透光的導電材料li結合於電子感光树⑴，並使可透光的導電 材料11與電子感光元件⑴及微電極112電性接觸；該可透光的 導電材料11的厚度可以依實際情況的需要在〇 〇ι ι〇刪夺米 (腦瞭ter)的範圍内變更調整，基本上，最好使其透光率I達 90%以上。 藉由前述的人I電子視網縣構，微電極112是用來連接至 電源，電源將適量電流通過微電極112傳導至可透光 m ’再飾錄人電子絲元件ln，絲電流再細至電子迴 路113。由於可透光的導電材料114與電子感光元件⑴的每一部 分均有接觸，耻電子感光元件lu的每—部分均能獲得電流輸 入’從而提昇了電流輸人及輸出值，但電子感光元件⑴原本可 感光的區域面積縣會受鄉f ;甚至，可關此_小微電極 112的面豸’從而增加了電子感光元件lu喊光區域的面積，提 昇進光量與感光效率。 為了進-步再提昇前述可透触導電材料114的透光量，本 創作其至可以在該可透光的導紐料114設置可聚光的結構；如 第四圖所丨’可以在可透光的導電材料114形成具有突出的弧形 表面114卜讓可透光的導電材料114宛如一種凸透鏡而能達到聚 光效果’同時增大微電極與視網膜的接觸面積。第五圖則顯示本 8 料J/713 創作也可以在可透光的導電材料114表面成糾複數突出部 ⑽„亥大出部⑽可以是鑛齒形波浪形三角錐形…等任 何可以讓光線產生折射、聚細形狀，使得光線通過可透光的導 電材料114後更為集t而提昇透光量。 此外第八圖顯不了本創作還可以進一步在可透光的導電材 料7的表面設置可妓生放電效果的結構，例如，在可透光的 導甩材料114表面形成複數尖形突部1143，藉此，當電流通過微 電冬2 ^入可透光的導電材料114後可以在兩尖形突部nig 之間產生尖端放電，進而提昇輸人電子感光元件⑴的電流功率。 以上所述者僅為用以解釋本創作之較佳實施例，並非企圖具 以對本創作做任何形式上之限制，是以，凡有在相同之創作精神 下所作有關本創作之任何修飾或變更，皆仍應包括在本創作意圖 保護之範疇。 M437713 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為顯示本創作人工電子視網膜之光電單元陣列之平面示音 圖。 第二圖為顯示本創作之光電單元之平面示意圖。 第三圖為沿第二圖之A-A方向的平面剖視示意圖。 第四圖為齡梢作之可透光的導騎料具有突出的弧形表面之 實施例不意圖。 參第五圖為顯示本創作之可透光的導電材料具有可聚光之突出部的 實施例示意圖。 第六圖為齡本創狀可透光的導電轉具有可聚光且可尖端放 電之尖形突部的實施例示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1......光電單元陣列 鲁11......光電單元 111......電子感光元件 ......微電極 ......電子迴路 114......可透光的導電材料 1141......突出弧形表面 U42……突出部 U43......尖形突部[Embodiment] The following is a more detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and the component symbols, so that those skilled in the art can implement it after studying the reward. The first figure is a schematic plan view showing the artificial electronic view structure of the present solution, which comprises a photovoltaic unit composed of a plurality of photovoltaic units U. The second picture and the first picture are the planes of the structure of the π photoelectric unit n. And a schematic cross-sectional view; each of the photocells n includes an _electron photosensitive element (1), a microelectrode ιΐ2 and an electronic scale 113 'the microelectrode 112 is disposed on the electron photoreceptor 111' and the electronic photosensitive element The periphery of the 111 is set as the electronic circuit 113; the conductive element 114 of the electronic sensing element 111 is permeable to the light-transmitting conductive material 114, so that the light-transmitting conductive town 114 is electrically connected to the electronic component (1) and the micro-pole 112. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the consideration that the artificial retina is mounted on the eyeball to minimize (4) the cake smoke, the luminescent material 1 is reduced to a biological material compatible with the human eye, such as indium tin. Oxide (10) i tnoxide), carbon nanotube (Carb〇nnan〇tube), or graphite dilute sleeve (5) 7 M437713: This light transmissive conductive material 114 can be fabricated using the standard semiconductor process to produce the aforementioned photovoltaic cell array! Then, after the post-process, vacuum light-selling, ruthenium plating, etc., a suitable light-transmissive conductive material such as indium tin oxide, carbon nanotube, or stone scale is combined with the electron-sensitive tree (1), and The light-transmitting conductive material 11 is electrically contacted with the electronic photosensitive element (1) and the micro-electrode 112; the thickness of the light-transmitting conductive material 11 can be used to delete the rice in the 〇〇ι ι〇 according to the actual situation. It is preferable to change the light transmittance I by more than 90%. The microelectrode 112 is used to connect to the power source by the aforementioned human I electronic network county structure, and the power source conducts an appropriate amount of current through the microelectrode 112 to the permeable light m' to re-record the human electronic wire element ln, and the wire current is fine. To the electronic circuit 113. Since the light-transmitting conductive material 114 is in contact with each part of the electronic photosensitive element (1), each part of the shame-electric photosensitive element lu can obtain a current input', thereby increasing the current input and output value, but the electronic photosensitive element (1) The area that can be sensitive to the area will be affected by the township f; even, the face of the small microelectrode 112 can be turned off, thereby increasing the area of the area of the electronic photosensitive element lu, and increasing the amount of light and the efficiency of the light. In order to further increase the amount of light transmission of the aforementioned permeable conductive material 114, the present invention can provide a condensable structure in the permeable light guide material 114; as shown in the fourth figure, The light-transmissive conductive material 114 is formed to have a convex curved surface 114 so that the light-transmitting conductive material 114 acts like a convex lens to achieve a condensing effect' while increasing the contact area of the microelectrode with the retina. The fifth figure shows that the material J/713 can also be formed on the surface of the permeable conductive material 114 as an entanglement protrusion (10). The mega-outlet (10) can be a mineral-toothed wavy triangular cone...etc. The light is refracted and has a fine shape, so that the light passes through the permeable conductive material 114 and is further concentrated to increase the amount of light transmission. Furthermore, the eighth figure shows that the creation can be further on the surface of the light-permeable conductive material 7. A structure capable of generating a discharge effect is provided, for example, a plurality of pointed protrusions 1143 are formed on the surface of the light-permeable conductive material 114, whereby when the current passes through the micro-electricity 2 into the light-transmitting conductive material 114, A tip discharge is generated between the two pointed protrusions nig, thereby increasing the current power of the input electronic photosensitive element (1). The above is merely a preferred embodiment for explaining the present creation, and is not intended to be in any form for the present creation. The limitation is that any modification or modification of the creation made under the same creative spirit should still be included in the scope of protection of this creation. M437713 [Simple description] First The figure shows a plane sound map of the photovoltaic unit array of the artificial artificial electron retina. The second figure is a schematic plan view showing the photoelectric unit of the present creation. The third figure is a schematic cross-sectional view along the AA direction of the second figure. The four figures are not intended for the embodiment of the light-transmissive guide material having a protruding curved surface. The fifth figure shows the implementation of the light-permeable conductive material of the present invention having a condensable protrusion. The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a light-transmissive, electrically conductive, tip-dischargeable pointed protrusion. [Major component symbol description] 1... Photocell Array Lu 11...photocell 111...electron photosensitive element...microelectrode...electronic circuit 114...translucent conductive material 1141... protruding curved surface U42... protruding portion U43... pointed protrusion