TWI739542B - Steel tapping training system and steel tapping training metthod - Google Patents
Steel tapping training system and steel tapping training metthod Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種出鋼作業訓練系統與出鋼作業訓練方法。特別是有關於轉爐之出鋼作業訓練系統與出鋼作業訓練方法。The invention relates to a tapping operation training system and a tapping operation training method. Especially about the converter's tapping operation training system and tapping operation training methods.
在煉鋼產業中,轉爐出鋼是煉鋼製程中一種重要的控制技術。出鋼人員在操作室中將高溫的鋼液由轉爐傾倒至盛鋼桶中,以利用後續製程進行。在鋼液傾倒的過程中,需要隨時留意鋼液是否正常地倒入盛鋼桶中,避免鋼液溢出、鋼渣掉落等異常狀況。資深的出鋼人員通常可依靠純熟的經驗來完成出鋼作業,但新進的出鋼人員則可能因為經驗不夠,容易使得出鋼作業出現異常狀況。In the steelmaking industry, converter tapping is an important control technology in the steelmaking process. In the operating room, the tapping personnel pour the high-temperature molten steel from the converter into the ladle for subsequent processing. In the process of molten steel dumping, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the molten steel is poured into the steel drum normally at any time to avoid abnormal conditions such as molten steel overflow and steel slag falling. Senior tapping personnel can usually rely on proficient experience to complete the tapping operation, but the new tapping personnel may have insufficient experience, which may easily cause abnormal conditions in the tapping operation.
本發明之實施例提出一出鋼作業訓練系統與出鋼作業訓練方法,其係利用虛擬實境(virtual reality;VR)技術來訓練新進的出鋼人員,以使其具備豐富的出鋼經驗。The embodiment of the present invention proposes a tapping operation training system and a tapping operation training method, which uses virtual reality (VR) technology to train new tapping personnel so that they have rich tapping experience.
根據本發明之一實施例,此出鋼作業訓練系統包含台座、操作機構、虛擬實境眼鏡、複數個臂柱、定位器以及電腦系統。操作機構係設置於台座上,以供使用者操作來進行出鋼作業,並輸出使用者操作資料。虛擬實境眼鏡用以供使用者配戴,並呈現虛擬出鋼環境給使用者。臂柱設置於台座上,而定位器設置於臂柱中之二者上,以取得虛擬實境眼鏡之位置。電腦系統係電性連接至虛擬實境眼鏡、定位器以及操作機構。電腦系統用以:建立前述之虛擬出鋼環境;根據前述之使用者操作資料來控制虛擬出鋼環境;以及根據前述之眼鏡位置或虛擬出鋼環境來判斷使用者所進行之出鋼作業是否正常,進而輸出訓練結果。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tapping operation training system includes a pedestal, an operating mechanism, virtual reality glasses, a plurality of arm posts, a positioner, and a computer system. The operating mechanism is set on the pedestal for users to operate for tapping operations and output user operating data. The virtual reality glasses are used for users to wear and present a virtual steel-out environment to the users. The arm column is arranged on the pedestal, and the positioner is arranged on two of the arm columns to obtain the position of the virtual reality glasses. The computer system is electrically connected to the virtual reality glasses, the locator and the operating mechanism. The computer system is used for: establishing the aforementioned virtual tapping environment; controlling the virtual tapping environment based on the aforementioned user operation data; and judging whether the tapping operation performed by the user is normal based on the aforementioned position of the glasses or the virtual tapping environment , And then output the training results.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境包含轉爐與台車。轉爐內儲有鋼液,而台車具有盛鋼桶,用以儲存從轉爐所倒出之鋼液。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment includes a converter and a trolley. The molten steel is stored in the converter, and the trolley has a steel bucket to store the molten steel poured from the converter.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含雷射光源,設置於轉爐頂部,用以發射雷射光束跨過轉爐頂部,以檢測是否有鋼液從轉爐頂部漏出。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a laser light source disposed on the top of the converter to emit a laser beam across the top of the converter to detect whether molten steel leaks from the top of the converter.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含複數個浮球,設置於盛鋼桶內,用以供電腦系統計算出盛鋼桶內之鋼液的液面高度。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a plurality of floating balls arranged in the ladle for the computer system to calculate the level of the molten steel in the ladle.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含擋板、漏液儲存桶以及複數個浮球。擋板設置於台車下方,用以蒐集未倒入台車之鋼液。漏液儲存桶設置於擋板下方,以接收擋板所蒐集之鋼液。浮球係設置於漏液儲存桶內,用以供電腦系統計算出漏液儲存桶內之鋼液的液面高度。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a baffle, a leaking storage barrel, and a plurality of floating balls. The baffle is set under the trolley to collect the molten steel that has not been poured into the trolley. The leakage storage barrel is arranged under the baffle to receive the molten steel collected by the baffle. The floating ball is set in the leaking storage barrel for the computer system to calculate the liquid steel level in the leaking storage barrel.
根據本發明之一實施例,前述之出鋼作業訓練方法包含建立虛擬出鋼環境;利用一虛擬實境眼鏡來將該虛擬出鋼環境呈現給一使用者;提供一操作機構來供一使用者進行出鋼作業,以獲得一使用者操作資料;根據使用者操作資料來控制虛擬出鋼環境;以及根據虛擬實境眼鏡之位置或虛擬出鋼環境來判斷該使用者所進行之出鋼作業是否正常,進而輸出訓練結果。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned steel tapping training method includes establishing a virtual tapping environment; using a virtual reality glasses to present the virtual tapping environment to a user; and providing an operating mechanism for a user Perform tapping operations to obtain a user's operating data; control the virtual tapping environment based on the user's operating data; and determine whether the user is tapping based on the location of the virtual reality glasses or the virtual tapping environment Normal, and then output the training results.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境包含轉爐與台車。轉爐內儲有鋼液,而台車具有盛鋼桶,用以儲存從轉爐所倒出之鋼液。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment includes a converter and a trolley. The molten steel is stored in the converter, and the trolley has a steel bucket to store the molten steel poured from the converter.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含雷射光源,設置於轉爐頂部,用以發射雷射光束跨過轉爐頂部,以檢測是否有鋼液從轉爐頂部漏出。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a laser light source disposed on the top of the converter to emit a laser beam across the top of the converter to detect whether molten steel leaks from the top of the converter.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含複數個浮球,設置於盛鋼桶內,用以供電腦系統計算出盛鋼桶內之鋼液的液面高度。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a plurality of floating balls arranged in the ladle for the computer system to calculate the level of the molten steel in the ladle.
在一些實施例中,前述之虛擬出鋼環境更包含擋板、漏液儲存桶以及複數個浮球。擋板設置於台車下方,用以蒐集未倒入台車之鋼液。漏液儲存桶設置於擋板下方,以接收擋板所蒐集之鋼液。浮球係設置於漏液儲存桶內,用以供電腦系統計算出漏液儲存桶內之鋼液的液面高度。In some embodiments, the aforementioned virtual tapping environment further includes a baffle, a leaking storage barrel, and a plurality of floating balls. The baffle is set under the trolley to collect the molten steel that has not been poured into the trolley. The leakage storage barrel is arranged under the baffle to receive the molten steel collected by the baffle. The floating ball is set in the leaking storage barrel for the computer system to calculate the liquid steel level in the leaking storage barrel.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
請參照圖1、圖2和圖3,圖1係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統100的功能方塊示意圖,圖2係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統100的承載平台200的上視結構示意圖,圖3係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統100的承載平台200的側視結構示意圖。出鋼作業訓練系統100包含操作機構110、虛擬實境(virtual reality;VR)眼鏡120、定位器130、電腦系統140以及承載平台200(如圖2和圖3所示)。Please refer to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the tapping
如圖1所示。操作機構110係用以供使用者操作來進行出鋼作業,並將使用者操作資料傳送給電腦系統140。虛擬實境眼鏡120係用以供使用者配戴,並呈現虛擬出鋼環境給使用者。定位器130係用以取得虛擬實境眼鏡120之位置,並將其送給電腦系統140。電腦系統140係用以建立前述之虛擬出鋼環境,並接收操作機構110之使用者操作資料,以相應地控制虛擬出鋼環境。另外,電腦系統140可根據前述之眼鏡位置或虛擬出鋼環境來判斷使用者所進行之出鋼作業是否正常,進而輸出訓練結果給使用者。As shown in Figure 1. The operating mechanism 110 is used for the user to operate the tapping operation, and transmits the user's operating data to the
如圖2和圖3所示,承載平台200包含臂柱211~214以及台座250。臂柱211~214係設置於台座250上,且臂柱211~214分別具有彎曲部211a~214a。前述之定位器130係設置於臂柱211和213的彎曲部211a和213a上,並定義出預設作業區域DA。在本實施例中,可設置椅子220於預設作業區域DA中,以方便使用者坐在椅子220上來進行出鋼作業。椅子220具有輪子222,以方便使用者微調其位置。前述之操作機構110包含台車操作機構230和轉爐操作機構240。台車操作機構230和轉爐操作機構240係設置於台座250上,並鄰近於預設作業區域DA,以方便使用者對台車操作機構230和轉爐操作機構240進行操作。例如,台車操作機構230具有台車搖桿232,以方便使用者拉動台車搖桿232來控制台車速度。又例如,轉爐操作機構240具有轉爐搖桿242,以方便使用者拉動轉爐搖桿242來控制轉爐的傾轉速度。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the
在一實施例中,可利用數位資料擷取卡來獲取/轉換台車操作機構230和轉爐操作機構240的輸出資料。例如,根據台車搖桿232的位置,將其分為三段速(10米/分、20米/分以及30米/分)。又例如,根據轉爐搖桿242的位置,透過預設的演算法來獲得轉爐的轉速(rpm)。如此,操作機構110提供給電腦系統140的使用者操作資料包含有台車的速度以及轉爐的轉速。In one embodiment, a digital data capture card can be used to acquire/convert the output data of the
請回到圖3,電腦系統140可設置於台座250內,並透過有線/無限的方式來與操作機構110、虛擬實境眼鏡120、定位器130等裝置電性連接。在本實施例中,可設置電腦螢幕260於臂柱211~214之一者上,以供資深人員控制電腦系統140來對使用者進行訓練。另外,本實施例之台座250可設置有輪子270,以方便移動承載平台200。Please return to FIG. 3, the
請參照圖4和圖5,其係繪示根據本發明實施例之虛擬實境眼鏡120所顯示的虛擬出鋼環境。如圖4所示,虛擬出鋼環境包含轉爐310、雷射光源320、台車330、盛鋼桶340、擋板350以及漏液儲存桶360。轉爐310內儲有鋼液ST。當使用者控制轉爐310傾轉時,鋼液ST可透過轉爐310之開口312倒出至台車330上的盛鋼桶340中。如圖5所示,當轉爐310傾轉角度θ時,鋼液ST由開口312流出。若台車330此時已到達預設的位置,則鋼液ST可正常地流入盛鋼桶340中。盛鋼桶340中設置有複數個浮球342。當鋼液ST流入盛鋼桶340時,可透過浮球342的高度來得到鋼液ST的液面高度。在本實施例中,採用浮球342高度的中位數來作為盛鋼桶340中鋼液ST的液面高度,但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。Please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5, which illustrate the virtual tapping environment displayed by the
考慮出鋼作業中的異常狀況。首先,考慮鋼液ST從轉爐310溢出的異常狀況。倘若使用者控制轉爐310的傾倒過快,可能會使得鋼液ST從轉爐310爐頂溢出。因此,設置雷射光源320於轉爐頂部,以以發射雷射光束跨過轉爐頂部。如此,當鋼液ST從轉爐310爐頂溢出時,電腦系統140可得知雷射光束被遮斷,並判斷使用者的出鋼作業有異常。Consider the abnormal conditions in the tapping operation. First, consider the abnormal situation in which molten steel ST overflows from the
其次,考慮鋼液ST未正確倒入盛鋼桶340的異常狀況。倘若使用者控制轉爐310傾倒來倒出鋼液ST,但台車330卻未到達預設位置或已離開預設位置時,鋼液ST會無法正確地倒入盛鋼桶340,而流到盛鋼桶340外。為了偵測此異常狀況,本實施例設置擋板350和及漏液儲存桶360。擋板350會蒐集未正確地倒入盛鋼桶340的鋼液ST,使其沿著擋板350緩緩流入至漏液儲存桶360。至漏液儲存桶360中亦設置有複數個浮球362。當鋼液ST流入漏液儲存桶360時,可透過浮球362的高度來得到鋼液ST的液面高度。在本實施例中,採用浮球362高度的中位數來作為漏液儲存桶360中鋼液ST的液面高度,但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。當漏液儲存桶360中鋼液ST的液面高度大於一預設閥值時,電腦系統140便判斷使用者的出鋼作業有異常。Secondly, consider the abnormal condition that the molten steel ST is not poured into the
接著,考慮盛鋼桶340有破孔的異常。倘若盛鋼桶340有破孔,流入盛鋼桶340的鋼液ST會再透過破孔流出至盛鋼桶340外,例如流到台車330上。在本實施例中,可設定台車330的屬性為可穿透物件,如此當鋼液ST透過破孔流出至盛鋼桶340外時,便會往下落至擋板350,再流到漏液儲存桶360中。若使用者仍持續傾倒轉爐310來倒出鋼液ST,液儲存桶360中鋼液ST的液面高度會開始上升。當液ST的液面高度大於一預設閥值時,電腦系統140便判斷使用者的出鋼作業有異常。Next, consider the abnormality in which the
再者,本實施例之虛擬出鋼環境可包含指示燈與按鈕。當指示燈亮起時,電腦系統140可根據定位器130所回傳的虛擬實境眼鏡120的位置來判斷使用者是否有望向指示燈的方向。若使用者並未望向指示燈的方向,電腦系統140便判斷使用者的出鋼作業有異常。另外,虛擬實境眼鏡120也擷取使用者的眼球位置來輔助判斷。又,電腦系統140可利用手指姿態辨識器來辨識使用者是否有根據指示來按下正確的按鈕。若使用者未按下正確的按鈕,電腦系統140便判斷使用者的出鋼作業有異常。Furthermore, the virtual tapping environment of this embodiment may include indicator lights and buttons. When the indicator light is on, the
值得一提的是,本實施例之擋板350、漏液儲存桶360、浮球342以及浮球360可設定為透明物件。換句話說,使用者不會在虛擬出鋼環境中看到這些物件。又,考慮到實際上使用者的視角是受限的(受限於觀景窗大小),虛擬實境眼鏡120可根據實際觀景窗大小來顯示虛擬出鋼環境中的相應部分,以使出鋼作業更為擬真。It is worth mentioning that the
請參照圖6,其係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練方法600的流程示意圖。在出鋼作業訓練方法600中,首先進行步驟610,以利用電腦系統140來建立虛擬出鋼環境。例如,資深人員可設定一般的出鋼環境來訓練使用者的出鋼作業。又例如,資深人員可設定特定異常狀況(例如,盛鋼桶340有破孔)的情況來訓練使用者的出鋼作業。接著,進行步驟620,以將建立虛擬出鋼環境傳送至虛擬實境眼鏡120,並利用虛擬實境眼鏡120來將虛擬出鋼環境呈現給使用者。然後,進行步驟630,以提供前述之操作機構110來供使用者操作來獲得使用者操作資料,例如台車的速度以及轉爐的轉速。接著,進行步驟640,以根據使用者操作資料來控制虛擬出鋼環境。例如,控制轉爐310的傾倒/台車330的移動。然後,進行步驟650,以根據虛擬實境眼鏡120之位置或虛擬出鋼環境來判斷使用者所進行之出鋼作業是否正常,進而輸出訓練結果。在一實施例中,電腦系統140可利用手指姿態辨識器來判斷使用者的出鋼作業是否正常,進而輸出訓練結果。Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic flowchart of a
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent application scope.
100:出鋼作業訓練系統100: Tapping operation training system
110:操作機構110: operating mechanism
120:VR眼鏡120: VR glasses
130:定位器130: locator
140:電腦系統140: Computer System
200:承載平台200: Carrying platform
211~214:臂柱211~214: Arm post
211a~214a:彎曲部211a~214a: curved part
220:椅子220: chair
222:輪子222: Wheel
230:台車操作機構230: Trolley operating mechanism
232:台車搖桿232: Trolley rocker
240:轉爐操作機構240: Converter operating mechanism
242:轉爐搖桿242: converter rocker
250:台座250: pedestal
270:輪子270: Wheel
310:轉爐310: converter
312:開口312: open
320:雷射光源320: Laser light source
330:台車330: Trolley
340:盛鋼桶340: Steel Barrel
342:浮球342: Float
350:擋板350: baffle
360:漏液儲存桶360: Leaky Storage Bucket
362:浮球362: Float
600:出鋼作業訓練方法600: Tapping training method
610~650:步驟610~650: steps
DA:預設作業區域DA: Preset working area
ST:鋼液ST: molten steel
θ:傾轉角度θ: tilt angle
圖1係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統的功能方塊示意圖。 圖2係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統的承載平台的上視結構示意圖。 圖3係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練系統的承載平台的側視結構示意圖。 圖4和圖5係繪示根據本發明實施例之虛擬實境眼鏡所顯示的虛擬出鋼環境。 圖6係繪示根據本發明實施例之出鋼作業訓練方法的流程示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a steel tapping training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the bearing platform of the steel tapping training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of the bearing platform of the steel tapping training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 and 5 illustrate the virtual tapping environment displayed by the virtual reality glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for training a steel tapping operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
無without
600:出鋼作業訓練方法 600: Tapping training method
610~650:步驟 610~650: steps
Claims (8)
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US20120006156A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2012-01-12 | Rafic Boulos Daou | Steel production facility |
CN103866075A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Test device for simulating smelting and tapping processes of rotary furnace |
WO2016018050A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Slag ball, and molten iron dephosphorizing method and converter blow-refining method using same |
CN107153927A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-12 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of steel produces management method of delaying work |
TW201821785A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-16 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Status monitoring system for fire-resistant material in furnace and monitoring method thereof |
TWM582959U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-01 | 中龍鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Trolley for converter steel release and connector element thereof |
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2020
- 2020-08-05 TW TW109126578A patent/TWI739542B/en active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120006156A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2012-01-12 | Rafic Boulos Daou | Steel production facility |
CN103866075A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Test device for simulating smelting and tapping processes of rotary furnace |
WO2016018050A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Slag ball, and molten iron dephosphorizing method and converter blow-refining method using same |
TW201821785A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-16 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Status monitoring system for fire-resistant material in furnace and monitoring method thereof |
CN107153927A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-12 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of steel produces management method of delaying work |
TWM582959U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-01 | 中龍鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Trolley for converter steel release and connector element thereof |
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