TWI716412B - Fresh water generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a fresh water generating mechanism, which does not require a large amount of heat energy as in the prior art, and does not require exchange and maintenance such as reverse osmosis membranes, which is simpler and has low cost. The present invention is composed of the following mechanisms: the first porous water-absorbent substrate is immersed in the storage liquid stored in the first storage tank, and the pores of the porous structure are formed to the size of water molecules; the blower can interact with the first porous The upper end side of the water-absorbent substrate blows air; the second porous water-absorbent substrate vaporizes and blows the water vapor blown from the upper end side of the first porous water-absorbent substrate by the air blower to the front side; the second storage The trough can store the water dripping from the lower end side of the second porous water-absorbent substrate; and, the through pipe can connect the air discharged from the second porous substrate to the suction side of the blower.

Description

Fresh water generator

The present invention relates to a fresh water generating device, which can desalinate sea water, sludge water, oil water, industrial drainage, etc.

Conventionally, the method of desalination of seawater, etc., is generally to heat and evaporate the seawater and then cool it to form fresh water. In order to improve thermal efficiency, vacuum distillation is carried out. In practical equipment, most decompression chambers are generally used. Combined multi-stage flash method (Multi-Stage Flash) (Patent Document 1). The salt concentration of the fresh water produced is low, about less than 5 ppm, and a large amount of fresh water can be produced.

In addition, in the past, there was also a method of applying pressure to seawater and passing through a filter membrane called a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane) to concentrate and remove salt from the seawater to filter out fresh water. At present, more than 10,000 tons of water a day have been built. large equipment. If the salt concentration of seawater is higher, or the salt concentration of fresh water is lower, the more pressure is needed to filter. Therefore, in order to withstand the pressure, RO membranes with various complex structures have been proposed, such as hollow lines Film, spiral film, etc. (Patent Document 2). When pressurizing, a high-pressure pump such as a turbo pump or a plunger pump can be used.

Advanced technical literature Patent literature

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-71320

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent No. 4113568

However, although the above-mentioned multi-stage flashing method can generate a large amount of fresh water and has nothing to do with the quality of seawater, the problem is that the thermal efficiency is extremely poor and a large amount of energy is required. In addition, the method of using RO membrane is to pressurize the pump side, so the amount of fresh water that can be generated is only about 5% for seawater, and only about 10% for sludge water or oily water. And, because the RO membrane will be blocked, it is necessary to carry out regular maintenance to solve the blockage by reverse pressurization, or to exchange the RO membrane itself in a timely manner.

Therefore, the purpose of the applicant is to provide a fresh water generating device that does not require a large amount of heat energy as known in the art, and can generate fresh water at room temperature, has a simpler structure, includes maintenance costs, and does not require installation costs.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the fresh water generating device of claim 1 of the present invention is composed of the following mechanisms: a first storage tank containing storage liquids such as seawater, sludge water, oily water, and industrial drainage; and a first water-absorbing base material whose lower end is immersed In the storage liquid in the first storage tank; the air blowing mechanism can blow air to the upper end side of the first water-absorbent substrate; the second water-absorbent substrate, the air blown by the air blowing mechanism from the upper end of the first water-absorbent substrate The vaporized and blown water vapor on the upper end side is absorbed and condensed, and the condensed water droplets drip from the lower end side; the second storage tank can be stored from the lower end side of the second absorbent substrate Dripping condensed water; the cover body can seal the upper space of the first storage tank and the second storage tank; and, the through pipe, one end of which is connected with the upper space of the second storage tank of the cover body, can The air from the air blowing mechanism is discharged, and the other end is connected to the upper space of the first storage tank and connected to the suction side of the air blowing mechanism to form a circulation path for air blowing.

In the fresh water generating device of claim 2, the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of porous It is composed of synthetic zeolite with a qualitative structure, and each pore size is the size of water molecules.

In the fresh water generating device of claim 3, the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of porous nanocarbon, and each pore size is formed to the size of water molecules.

In the fresh water generating device of claim 4, the first and second water-absorbing base materials are composed of cloth materials with excellent water absorption.

In the fresh water generating device of claim 5, the first and second water-absorbent substrates are integrally formed into an inverted U-shape by connecting the adjacent surfaces on the upper side where the substrates are arranged.

The fresh water generating device of claim 6 is provided with an air cooler, which can supply compressed air to the air cooler, and supply cold air sprayed from the air cooler into the second storage tank, and discharge from the air cooler The hot air is supplied to the suction side of the aforementioned blowing mechanism.

The fresh water generating device of claim 7 is configured to reduce the liquid level of the storage liquid stored in the first storage tank as much as possible for storage.

In the fresh water generating device of claim 8, a plurality of fin-shaped members are suspended in the second storage tank, and the fin-shaped members are used to condense the water vapor remaining in the storage tank.

According to the fresh water generating device of the present invention, the lower end portion of the first water-absorbing substrate is immersed in the seawater etc. stored in the first storage tank, and among the seawater etc. stored in the first storage tank, only water will penetrate into the Inside the absorbent substrate. The water that has penetrated into the first water-absorbent base material is successively vaporized by the blowing of the blowing mechanism, and is sent out as water vapor.

When the water vapor vaporized from the first water-absorbent substrate with blowing air is sent out, the water vapor will reach the second water-absorbent substrate, be absorbed by the inside of the second water-absorbent substrate, and penetrate into the substrate During the process, heat is successively released and condensed, which condenses into fresh water from the lower end of the substrate. Drop, drop to the second storage tank. When the blowing air passes through the second water-absorbent substrate, the temperature rises due to the condensation of water vapor, becomes dry air and is discharged through the duct, and then flows back to the suction side of the blowing mechanism.

The air returning to the suction side of the air blowing mechanism will become a higher temperature and drier air than before the cycle mentioned above, and will be blown to the first water-absorbent substrate. Therefore, compared to the previous time, it can resist the air that penetrates into the substrate. The water further promotes evaporation, and the condensed fresh water is stored in the second storage tank.

In this way, among the seawater stored in the first storage tank between the first and second water-absorbing substrates, only water will be vaporized, and the vaporized water vapor will condense into fresh water and be stored in the first storage tank. Two storage tanks, whereby fresh water can be generated at room temperature.

The water-absorbent substrate can be easily constructed as a device by using the synthetic zeolite or nanocarbon whose pore diameters of the porous structure developed by the applicant are formed into the size of water molecules. In order to achieve a simpler device configuration, it can also be used with excellent water absorption. Cloth material instead.

In addition, if an air cooler is provided with a so-called ultra-low temperature air generator, compressed air is supplied to the air cooler, cold air injected from the air cooler is supplied to the second storage tank, and hot air discharged from the air cooler is supplied to On the suction side of the air supply mechanism, the hot air returning to the suction side of the air supply mechanism will become warm air with a higher temperature and blow it toward the first water-absorbing substrate to further promote the vaporization phenomenon, and the ultra-low temperature air will be supplied to the first In the second storage tank, the temperature of the second water-absorbent substrate is lowered, and the condensation of water vapor is further promoted, thereby increasing the efficiency of fresh water generation.

In addition, the storage liquid can be appropriately replenished, and the liquid level of the storage liquid stored in the first storage tank can be reduced as much as possible for storage, so that the heat transfer efficiency to the storage liquid itself will not decrease. Moreover, if a plurality of metal fin-shaped members are suspended in the second storage tank, when the water vapor staying in the storage tank is cooled with cold air, water vapor will also be condensed in the fin-shaped members. It can further improve the efficiency of fresh water production.

1‧‧‧The first storage tank

2‧‧‧Second storage tank

3‧‧‧The first porous absorbent substrate

4‧‧‧Storage fluid

5‧‧‧Cover body

6‧‧‧Blower

7‧‧‧Second porous absorbent substrate

8‧‧‧Exhaust port

9‧‧‧Inhalation port

10‧‧‧Through tube

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the fresh water generator.

Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing that the first and second water-absorbent substrates are formed into an integral type.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the fresh water generator. In the same figure, a first storage tank 1 that can store a storage liquid 4 such as seawater, sludge water, or oil water, and a second storage tank 2 adjacent to the storage tank 1 are arranged side by side. On the boundary side where the storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2 are adjacent, the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3 is suspended from the cover 5 in a state where its lower end is immersed in the storage solution 4 stored in the storage tank 1 The first porous water-absorbent substrate 3 is a water-absorbent substrate with a porous structure, and each pore diameter is formed to the size of water molecules, and the cover 5 is set to seal the upper space of the storage tank 1 and the storage tank 2. The blower 6 is provided on the inner front wall surface of the cover 5 and can blow air toward the upper side of the first porous water-absorbing substrate 3 that is not immersed in the storage liquid 4.

On the boundary side where the storage tank 2 and the storage tank 1 are adjacent, the second porous water-absorbent substrate 7 is placed at a position facing the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3, and is suspended from the cover body 5 so that its lower end faces In the storage tank 2, the second porous water-absorbent substrate 7 is a water-absorbent base material having a porous structure, and each pore diameter is formed to the size of water molecules. An exhaust port 8 is formed on the inner rear wall surface of the cover 5 on the side of the sealed second storage tank 2 and the exhaust port 8 is provided with a conduction pipe 10 which passes through the cover 5 and is connected to the aforementioned blower 6 Side suction port 9.

The aforementioned first and second porous water-absorbent substrates 3, 7 are fired for a long time under strict temperature control using a firing furnace developed by the applicant of the present invention, thereby forming a porous structure with various pore sizes. For synthetic zeolite with the same diameter as the water molecule, the above-mentioned firing furnace is specially constructed to be heated every 1°C in the high temperature range of 800~2000°C. When the synthetic zeolite is immersed in the storage liquid, the porous part can be It absorbs water molecules instantly, and when it absorbs water vapor, it can condense the water vapor and extract distilled water. As a water-absorbing substrate that can perform the same function, carbon nanomaterials or cloth materials woven into water molecular diameters can also be used.

Next, the fresh water generating function of the fresh water generating device constructed as described above will be explained. The lower end of the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3 is immersed in the storage solution 4 stored in the storage tank 1. Therefore, only the water in the storage solution 4 can instantly penetrate into the entire area of the porous water-absorbent substrate 3. Since the blower 6 will continue to blow air on the front side of the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3 (as shown by the solid arrow in the figure), the water that continues to penetrate into the substrate 3 will be successively vaporized and become water vapor (as shown in the figure) Indicated by the dotted arrow), it is sent out from the inner surface side of the substrate 3.

The water vapor thus sent out reaches the front surface of the second porous water-absorbent substrate 7 hung on the side of the second storage tank 2, penetrates into the second porous water-absorbent substrate 7, and then penetrates into the substrate. During the process, heat is successively released and condensed, turning into fresh water droplets (shown by the hollow arrow in the figure) and dripping from the lower end side of the base plate 7, and the fresh water is stored in the storage tank 2.

The blowing air itself is discharged from the exhaust port 8 provided on the rear inner side wall surface of the lid 5 that seals the storage tank 2, and is sent to the intake port 9 provided in the aforementioned blower 6 through the duct 10 to return. At this time, the blowing air itself will rise in temperature due to the heat released by the condensation of water vapor and become drier air.

The air returning to the suction port 9 side of the blower 6 becomes dry air with a higher temperature than before passing through the above-mentioned cycle and is blown toward the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3. Therefore, compared with the previous, The water permeating into the substrate 3 can further promote the vaporization phenomenon, and the storage solution 4 in the storage tank 1 can more efficiently suck out only the water, and the vaporized water vapor will be absorbed by the second porous water-absorbing substrate 7Adsorption and condensation increase the amount of dripping into the storage tank 2. If the storage liquid 4 is reduced in volume, it can be replenished to the storage tank 1 through a supply path not shown in the figure, and when the fresh water stored in the storage tank 2 increases, it can be taken out from a water intake path not shown in the figure.

Through the above-mentioned fresh water generation process, when only water is extracted from the storage liquid 4 in the storage tank 1, seawater will leave salt, etc., sludge water will leave sludge, and oil water will leave various oils as residues. In the storage tank 1, therefore, these residues will be recycled and subsequently processed and discarded, which will not burden the environment.

As described above, the fresh water generator of the present invention uses a porous water-absorbent substrate, which is a synthetic zeolite fired with a special composition developed by the applicant. It has a porous structure and each pore diameter is formed to be compatible with water. The molecules have the same diameter, and the water molecules can be adsorbed instantaneously. By this, the first and second porous water-absorbent substrates can be used to absorb only the water from the storage solution 4 of the storage tank 1, and it is vaporized by blowing. After adsorbing and condensing the vaporized water vapor, it is stored in the storage tank 2. With such an extremely simple device structure, there is no need for a large amount of heat energy or exchange of the substrate itself, and fresh water can be efficiently generated at room temperature. The amount of fresh water produced can be controlled only by adjusting the amount of air supplied by the air supply mechanism. Therefore, compared with a normal storage tank, the basic device structure is extremely simple and can be realized at low cost.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the above-mentioned embodiment, if the first and second porous water-absorbing substrates 3 and 7 are connected at the upper side abutting surface and are integrally formed in a U-shape, a simpler device configuration can be achieved. At this time, in consideration of the tube capillary phenomenon, the lower end of the first porous water-absorbing substrate 3 may be formed to be shorter than the lower end of the second porous water-absorbing substrate 7.

In addition, although not shown, if an air cooler is provided with a so-called ultra-low temperature air generator, compressed air is supplied to the air cooler, and cold air injected by the air cooler is supplied to the second storage tank 2 and cooled from the air The hot air discharged from the device is supplied to the suction side of the blower 6, and the hot air returning to the suction side of the blower 6 will become warm air with a higher temperature and be blown toward the first porous water-absorbent substrate 3, further promoting the gasification phenomenon , And ultra-low temperature air will be supplied into the second storage tank 2 to lower the temperature of the second porous water-absorbent substrate 7 and further promote the condensation of water vapor, thereby increasing the efficiency of fresh water generation.

Furthermore, the storage liquid can be appropriately replenished, and the liquid level of the storage liquid 4 stored in the first storage tank 1 can be reduced as much as possible for storage, so that the heat transfer efficiency to the storage liquid 4 itself will not be reduced. If a plurality of metal fin-shaped members (not shown) are suspended in the second storage tank 2, when the storage tank 2 is cooled with cold air, the water vapor remaining in the storage tank 2 will also be in the fins. The components are condensed, so the efficiency of fresh water production can be further improved.

Industrial possibilities

As mentioned above, as long as the fresh water generated by seawater is heated or ozone treated and minerals are added, drinking water can be obtained. In addition, even if it is contaminated water contaminated with arsenic, the contaminants can be removed to obtain drinking water. Furthermore, even if it is industrial wastewater with BOD, COD and other problems, as long as the device is used for drainage treatment, it can be discharged without any problems, and dyeing water such as dyes can also be transparent for drainage treatment.

1: The first storage tank

2: The second storage tank

3: The first porous absorbent substrate

4: storage solution

5: cover

6: Blower

7: Second porous absorbent substrate

8: exhaust port

9: suction port

10: Through tube

Claims (8)

A fresh water generating device is composed of the following mechanisms: a first storage tank containing storage liquids such as seawater, sludge water, oily water, industrial drainage, etc., a first water-absorbing substrate, the lower end of which is immersed in the storage of the first storage tank In the liquid, the air blowing mechanism can blow air to the upper end side of the first water-absorbent substrate, and the second water-absorbing substrate vaporizes the water blown out from the upper end side of the first water-absorbent substrate by the air blowing mechanism. The vapor is absorbed and condensed on the upper end side, and the condensed water droplets drip from the lower end side. The second storage tank can store the condensed water dripping from the lower end side of the second water-absorbent substrate, and cover The upper space of the first storage tank and the second storage tank can be sealed, and the through pipe, one end of which is connected with the upper space of the second storage tank of the cover, can discharge air from the aforementioned air supply mechanism, The other end is connected to the upper space of the first storage tank and connected to the suction side of the aforementioned air blowing mechanism to form a circulation path for blowing; wherein, the moisture of the storage liquid that penetrates into the first water-absorbent substrate will be blown The blowing mechanism of the mechanism vaporizes successively and becomes water vapor and is sent out; when the vaporized water vapor from the first water-absorbing substrate along with the blowing mechanism of the blowing mechanism is sent out, it will be absorbed by the second water-absorbing substrate and blow When passing through the second water-absorbent substrate, it will increase in temperature due to the condensation of water vapor and become dry air, which will be discharged through the duct, and then flow back toward the suction side of the air supply mechanism; toward the suction side of the air supply mechanism The returned air will become dry air with a higher temperature than that of the previous air blowing mechanism, and it will blow air to the first water-absorbing substrate. The fresh water generating device of claim 1, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are constructed of porous Composed of synthetic zeolite, each pore size is the size of water molecules. The fresh water generating device of claim 1, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are made of porous structured nanocarbon, and each pore size is formed to the size of water molecules. The fresh water generating device of claim 1, wherein the first and second water-absorbing substrates are fabrics woven into water molecular diameters. The fresh water generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second water-absorbent substrates are connected with the abutment surfaces on the upper side of the substrates and integrally formed into an inverted U-shape. Such as the fresh water generating device of claim 1, which is provided with an air cooler, the compressed air can be supplied to the air cooler by the compressed air device, and the cold air sprayed from the air cooler can be supplied into the aforementioned second storage tank, and The hot air discharged from the air cooler is supplied to the suction side of the aforementioned air supply mechanism. Such as the fresh water generating device of claim 1, which is configured to try to reduce the level of the storage liquid stored in the first storage tank for storage. Such as the fresh water generating device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of fin-shaped members are suspended in the second storage tank, and the fin-shaped members are used to condense the water vapor remaining in the storage tank.

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