TWI706817B - Extrusion device and extrusion method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An extrusion device, extrusion method and product thereof, said extrusion device comprises a container, a mold which is mounted on said container, a push rod which movably inserts in said container, a base which is mounted on said container, and a vibration source. Ultrasonic vibration which is produced by said vibration source is transmitted to an ingot through said base and said mold, thereby improving the formability and lubricity of said ingot.

Description

Extrusion device and extrusion method

The invention relates to a processing device, a processing method and a product, in particular to an extrusion device for difficult-to-form materials, its extrusion method, and its products.

Linear slide is a sliding transmission element used in machine tools or semiconductor equipment. At present, except for a few large slides that are made of aluminum alloy due to the need for light weight, most linear slides are still used Steel is mainly made, because steel is a material that is more difficult to form, so it is currently necessary to roll, draw, multiple annealing processes and a small amount of machining to produce linear slide materials. One manufacturing method has complicated processing steps and low production efficiency. The other manufacturing method is to make the block material through a large number of mechanical processing. This method is a subtractive manufacturing method, which will produce a lot of cutting off during the processing. Waste materials and materials are used at a low rate, and there are still problems with high processing costs.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a Extrusion device formed by extrusion method.

Therefore, the extrusion device of the present invention includes an ingot container surrounding and defining a through groove, a mold arranged in the through groove and located at the front end of the through groove, and an extrusion movably inserted in the through groove. A pressure rod, a bearing seat arranged at the front end of the ingot barrel, and a vibration source that can control the bearing seat to apply ultrasonic vibration. The front end of the extrusion rod is located behind the mold. The bearing part protrudes backward into the through groove and abuts against the mold.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion method.

Therefore, the extrusion method of the present invention uses an extrusion device as described above, and the extrusion method includes a pre-step, a placing step, and an extrusion step. In this pre-step, a billet is preheated and the vibration source of the extrusion device is activated. In the placing step, the ingot is placed in the through groove of the ingot barrel. In the extrusion step, the extrusion rod is operated to extrude the ingot forward, so that the ingot is extruded into a shape according to the mold.

The effect of the present invention is that the vibration source can apply ultrasonic vibration to the bearing, and the bearing can transmit the vibration to the mold, and when the billet squeezes the mold, the vibration is also transmitted to the billet Above, this can reduce the material yield stress of the billet to improve the material formability. In addition, ultrasonic vibration can also reduce friction and deformation resistance, increase the lubricating effect, and achieve the effect of forming difficult-to-form materials by extrusion. Through the extrusion method of the present invention, the problem of complicated processing of traditional linear slide rails can be overcome, and the material utilization rate is high.

1: Extrusion device

11: Ingot tube

111: Through slot

12: Mould

13: Squeeze rod

14: pressed cake

15: bearing

16: Vibration source

17: Housing space

2: Ingot

3: Extruded products

31: extended surface

32: Extrusion surface

321: concave part

A: axis

The other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the extrusion device of the present invention; FIGS. 2 and 3 are both Is a schematic diagram illustrating a pre-step in an embodiment of the extrusion method of the present invention; FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams illustrating one of the placement steps of the extrusion method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is A schematic diagram illustrating an extrusion step of the extrusion method according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating an extruded product obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, it is an embodiment of the extrusion device 1 of the present invention, which is suitable for extruding a billet 2 and the billet 2 can be a difficult-to-form material. In this article, difficult-to-form material is defined as a steel with high strength and high hardness, or a metal material that has high affinity for steel and is difficult to process. The extrusion device 1 includes an ingot container 11 surrounding and defining a through groove 111, a mold 12 disposed in the through groove 111 and located at the front end of the through groove 111, and a mold 12 movably inserted in the through groove 111 The inner extrusion rod 13, a cake 14 located in the through groove 111 and between the extrusion rod 13 and the mold 12, and a press cake 14 arranged in the ingot barrel 11 The front end of the socket 15 and a vibration source 16 fixed to the front edge of the ingot barrel 11 and pressed against the socket 15. The mold 12 is used for passing the extruded ingot 2 so that the ingot 2 is shaped according to the mold 12. The front end of the extrusion rod 13 is located behind the mold 12 and can be pushed forward by an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder. The linkage between the extrusion rod 13 and the aforementioned actuator is not the focus of this case, and is the technical field of the case It is well known to those with general knowledge, so I won’t repeat it here. The press cake 14 is matched with the mold 12 to partition the through groove 111 into an accommodating space 17 for accommodating ingots. The socket 15 partially protrudes backward into the through groove 111 and abuts against the mold 12. The vibration source 16 can be controlled to apply ultrasonic vibration to the socket 15.

The extrusion method of the difficult-to-form material of the present invention includes a pre-step, a placement step, and an extrusion step. 2 and 3, in the pre-heating step, an ingot 2 and the ingot barrel 11 are preheated. The surface of the ingot 2 has been polished and sandblasted in advance, and coated with high temperature lubricant. At this time, the extrusion device 1 has not been installed as shown in FIG. 2 except for the ingot holder 11, the holder 15, and the vibration source 16. Then, after mixing the water glass mat with the mold 12, it is placed in the through groove 111 as shown in FIG. 3 (from the back to the front), so that the mold 12 abuts the socket 15. Then the vibration source 16 is activated to make the vibration source 16 apply 20~32kHz ultrasonic vibration to the socket 15, and the socket 15 will transmit the vibration to the mold 12 through contact, so that the water glass of the mold 12 is cushioned. Evenly distributed after vibration to improve lubrication. It should be supplemented that in this embodiment, medium carbon steel S45C is used as the ingot 2, but in addition to medium carbon steel, it can also be other carbon steel, titanium, and nickel-based alloys. Difficult to form materials.

4 and 5, in the placing step, after the ingot 2 is coated with glass sand on the surface, the ingot is placed in the through groove 111 as shown in FIG. 4, and then as shown in FIG. 5 As shown, the press cake 14 is placed in the through groove 111. At this time, the ingot 2 is located in the containing space 17 defined by the press cake 14 and the mold 12, and the ultrasonic vibration of the vibration source 16 will pass through the mold. 12 is transferred to the ingot 2, so that the glass sand covered by the ingot 2 can be vibrated and distributed evenly, which further improves the lubricity.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the extrusion step, the extrusion rod 13 is inserted into the through groove 111 from back to front, and the rod extrusion rod 13 is operated to push the pressed cake 14 forward to make the accommodation The space 17 is compressed and reduced, so that the billet 2 is squeezed and passed through the die 12, so as to be extruded according to the shape of the die 12, and then the material of the linear slide rail can be obtained by extrusion. In the aforementioned extrusion molding process, the ultrasonic vibration of the vibration source 16 can reduce the yield stress of the ingot 2, improve the material formability, and can reduce the surface oxidation and decarburization defects of the ingot 2, and improve product quality. On the other hand, ultrasonic vibration can also reduce friction and deformation resistance and increase the lubrication effect.

Referring to FIG. 7, it is an embodiment of the extruded product 3 produced by the extrusion device 1 through the extrusion method of the present invention. The extruded product 3 has an extension surface 31 linearly extending in the direction of an axis A, and an extrusion surface 32 connecting the extension surface 31 and defining a concave portion 321. In other embodiments, the extruded surface 32 may have a more complicated shape, such as a tooth shape or a multi-curved surface, but is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the The extruded product 3 is made of difficult-to-form materials, such as steel, especially high-strength steel, but not limited to this.

In summary, the present invention improves the formability and lubricity of the billet 2 through ultrasonic vibration, and overcomes the traditional technical prejudice that the difficult-to-form material cannot be extruded due to excessive resistance. On the other hand, the extrusion method is not subtractive manufacturing, so the material utilization rate is high, and the number of passes required can be greatly reduced, which overcomes the complicated problems of traditional linear slide processing passes, is conducive to mass rapid production, and can produce complex sections The extruded profile improves the flexibility of product design, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to This invention patent covers the scope.

1: Extrusion device

11: Ingot tube

111: Through slot

12: Mould

13: Squeeze rod

14: pressed cake

15: bearing

16: Vibration source

17: Housing space

2: Ingot

Claims (9)

An extruding device, comprising: an ingot barrel surrounding and defining a through groove; a mold arranged in the through groove and located at the front end of the through groove; an extrusion rod movably inserted in the through groove , The front end of the extrusion rod is located behind the mold; a bearing seat is arranged at the front end of the ingot barrel, and the bearing seat part protrudes backward into the through groove and touches the mold; and a vibration source, which can be controlled Ultrasonic vibration is applied to the socket. The extrusion device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing cake arranged in the through groove and located between the extrusion rod and the mold, the pressing cake and the mold partitioning the through groove area into a container置空间. The extrusion device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration source is fixed to the front edge of the ingot barrel and abuts against the socket. An extrusion method using the extrusion device as described in claim 1, the extrusion method comprising: a pre-step, preheating an ingot, and activating the vibration source of the extrusion device; and a placing step, Put the ingot into the through groove of the ingot barrel; and an extruding step, operating the extruding rod to extrude the ingot forward, so that the ingot is extruded into a shape according to the mold. The extrusion method according to claim 4, wherein the extrusion device further comprises a pressing cake arranged in the through groove and located between the extrusion rod and the mold, and in the placing step, in the After the ingot is placed in the trough, the press cake is placed in the In the through groove, in the extrusion step, the extrusion rod pushes the press cake forward to extrude the ingot. The extrusion method according to claim 4, wherein in the preliminary step, the ingot is coated with a high-temperature lubricant. The extrusion method according to claim 4, wherein, in the placing step, the surface of the ingot is coated with glass sand and then placed in the through groove. The extrusion method according to claim 4, wherein, in the preliminary step, the ingot contains steel or a metal material with high affinity for steel. The extrusion method according to claim 4, wherein, in the preceding step, the vibration frequency of the vibration source is 20 to 32 kHz.

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