TWI622718B - Impact semi-active mass damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an impact type semi-active mass damper, which mainly includes a control mass, which is connected to a movable unit, and the movable unit includes an elastic element and a movable joint corresponding to one end connected to the control mass. The movable joint includes a sliding rod that passes through a sleeve. The sleeve is provided with a locking member and a switching element. The sliding rod is connected to the elastic element and the movable joint is connected to an actuator. The controller controls and drives the movable joint to be separated or combined with the elastic element at an appropriate timing; thereby, the movable joint can be used to selectively lock the movement in one direction so that it can accurately and automatically control the mass and the receiver. The control structure is separated after a short impact (combination), avoiding the delay of the separation action, which can simplify the control law, and can operate without a large amount of energy supply, so as to improve the safety of the controlled structure.

Description

Impact semi-active mass damper

The invention relates to an impact-type semi-active mass damper, in particular to a mass damper technology for reducing the vibration response of buildings and civil structures under dynamic loads. The invention aims to provide a semi-automatic controllable separation or The mass damper combined with the state implements semi-active damping control, especially the control mass has more than twice the natural vibration frequency of the controlled structure, and can overcome the off-frequency phenomenon that may occur with traditional tuned mass dampers, and can improve the mass damper. The shock-absorbing effect is the inventor of its application.

According to mass damper, it is a structural and mechanical shock absorption technology field, which is used to reduce the vibration response of structures under dynamic loads, such as displacement, velocity and acceleration. Its characteristics are as follows: a light mass relative to the structure is installed at a specific part of the structure, and the structure and the mass are connected in a specific way and generate mutual force. The main focus of its design is to make its mutual production force effectively reduce the vibration response of the main structure; the secondary focus is (1) to let the mass and its connection system absorb the energy of the main structure and effectively dissipate it, and (2) Prevent the mass from reacting too much to endanger the main structure.

Mass damper technology can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) passively tuned mass damper, (2) active mass damper, and (3) semi-active mass damper. There are also fourth types that mix any or all of the previous two. (4) Hybrid mass damper. However, the above-mentioned dampers are not ideal in use, so the inventor has previously developed for the lack of the above-mentioned dampers and filed an application in Taiwan No. 105140646 for an impact semi-active mass. The shock absorbing device is mainly equipped with an impact-type semi-active mass shock absorbing device on a controlled structure, which includes: a control mass, which is a rigid object sliding on the controlled structure; a movable unit, It is arranged between the control mass and the controlled structure. It includes an elastic element with one end connected to the control mass and a movable joint. The movable joint is a separate or combined switch, corresponding to the elasticity. The other end of the component is connected, and can be separated or combined with the elastic component in real time. A vibration sensing unit is used to sense the vibration response of the controlled structure and the control mass. It includes a connection to the controlled component. A structure vibration sensor on the structure and a control mass vibration sensor connected to the control mass; a controller corresponding to and connected to the structure vibration sensor and the control mass vibration sensor respectively and receiving A sensor, and the controller is connected to the movable connector, and the movable connector is separated or combined with the action switch according to the sensor signal.

However, the movable joint is a braking device that can accept the control signal switching of the controller, and the braking device can use many types, such as friction type, electromagnetic type, pin type, piezoelectric type, etc., but how to achieve the desired Efficacy is one of the topics actively researched by the inventor; therefore, the inventor upholds many years of rich research, design and development and actual production experience in this related industry, and then researches and improves the original structure to provide an impact semi-active mass damper. To achieve the purpose of better practical value.

The main object of the present invention is to provide an impact type semi-active mass damper, in particular to a control mass having more than twice the natural vibration frequency of the controlled structure, and capable of overcoming the off-frequency phenomenon that may occur with traditional tuned mass dampers, and The purpose is to improve the damping effect of the mass damper.

The main purpose and effect of the use method of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

It mainly includes a control mass, which is connected to a movable unit. The movable unit includes an elastic element and a movable joint corresponding to one end connected to the control mass. The movable joint includes a sliding rod passing through a sleeve. The sleeve is provided with a locking member and a switching element, the slide bar is connected to the elastic element, and the movable joint is connected to an actuator, and the actuator is controlled by a controller and drives the movable joint to correspond at an appropriate timing. The elastic element is separated or combined; thereby, the movable joint can be used to selectively lock the movement of the slider in one direction, so that it can be accurately and automatically separated after a short impact (combination) between the control mass and the controlled structure to avoid The delay of the separation action can further simplify the control law, and it can operate without a large amount of energy supply, so as to improve the safety of the controlled structure.

According to a preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention, the controlled structures are, for example, buildings, bridge towers, and other structures that are susceptible to vibration due to dynamic forces.

According to a preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention, the vibration sensing unit is mainly used to sense the vibration response of the controlled structure and the control mass, and includes a structure connected to the controlled structure. A vibration sensor and a control mass vibration sensor connected to a control mass; the structural vibration sensor can measure the acceleration response or velocity response of a controlled structure at a movable joint, and the control mass vibration sensor can measure Controls the absolute acceleration response or absolute speed response of the mass or its relative acceleration or relative speed or relative displacement with respect to the controlled structure.

According to a preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention, the connection between the controller and the vibration sensing unit and the movable joint can be wired or wireless transmission.

A preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention further includes a fixing unit, one end of which is fixed to the controlled structure and the other end is fixed to the control mass. When the control mass and the mass When the controlled structure has relative movement, it can generate a force that causes the control mass to return to the equilibrium position and a force that dissipates energy. Further, the fixed unit includes a fixed spring member that can generate the control mass to return to the equilibrium position, and a A dissipative element that dissipates energy.

According to a preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention, the fixed rebound member can be one of a spring, a curved upward track, or a single pendulum suspension device, or a similar functional device.

A preferred embodiment of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention, wherein the function of the energy dissipating element is to dissipate the energy from the control mass to the controlled structure, which may be frictional force, viscous damping force, viscoelastic force , Hydraulic pressure, plastic hysteresis force source can be divided into passive or semi-active energy dissipator.

(A) ‧‧‧Controlled Structure

(1) ‧‧‧Control Quality Block

(2) ‧‧‧Activity Unit

(21) ‧‧‧Elastic element

(22) ‧‧‧movable joint

(221) ‧‧‧Sleeve

(2210) ‧‧‧Inner diameter

(2211) ‧‧‧ Ring Convex

(2212) ‧‧‧ Inclined Section

(2213) ‧‧‧long slot

(222) ‧‧‧Slider

(223) ‧‧‧Switching element

(224) ‧‧‧Put

(225) ‧‧‧Lock

(226) ‧‧‧Retaining elastic member

(227) ‧‧‧ Cover

(228) ‧‧‧Actuator

(3) ‧‧‧Vibration sensing unit

(31) ‧‧‧Structural vibration sensor

(32) ‧‧‧Control Quality Vibration Sensor

(4) ‧‧‧Controller

(5) ‧‧‧Fixed unit

(51) ‧‧‧Fixed rebound

(52) ‧‧‧Dissipation element

First figure: Schematic diagram of the composition of the present invention.

Second figure: A three-dimensional exploded view of the movable joint of the present invention.

Fig. 3: Schematic diagram (moving right) of the movable joint of the present invention.

Figure 4: Schematic (moving left) of the movable joint of the present invention.

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the control law flow of the present invention.

Figure 6: A simplified schematic diagram of the control law of the present invention.

The seventh figure: (a) ~ (d) are schematic diagrams showing various connection modes of the movable joint of the present invention.

In order to provide a more complete and clear disclosure of the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effect achieved by the present invention, it is described in detail below, and please also refer to the disclosed drawings and numbers:

First, the actual application technology and method of the present invention, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention. The impact semi-active mass damper is mainly installed on the controlled structure (A). , Which includes: a control mass (1), which is a rigid object arranged to slide on the controlled structure (A); A movable unit (2) is disposed between the control mass (1) and the controlled structure, and includes an elastic element (21) connected to the control mass (1) at one end and a movable joint ( 22), the movable joint (22) is a separation or combination switch, which is correspondingly connected to the elastic element (21), and can control the separation or combination of the elastic element (21) in real time, wherein the movable joint (22) ) Includes a sleeve (221). The inner diameter (2210) of the sleeve (221) is provided with an annular convex portion (2211). The annular convex portion (2211) is provided with inclined sections (2212) on both sides, and the inclined section ( 2212) is connected with the inner diameter (2210), and at least one long groove (2213) is provided on the annular convex portion (2211). The long groove (2213) communicates with the outside of the sleeve (221), and then An inner diameter (2210) of the sleeve (221) is provided with a slide bar (222), one end of the slide bar (222) is connected to the elastic element (21), and a switching element (223) is sleeved on the slide bar (222). The switching element (223) is located at the annular convex portion (2211), and the switching element (223) is provided with a push rod (224) corresponding to the long groove (2213), and the push rod (224) passes through the long groove. (2213), and at one end corresponds to the linkage with the actuator (228), The actuator (228) can drive the driving switching element (223) to be displaced, and a number of locking members (225) are respectively provided on both sides of the switching element (223), and the number of locking members (225) are located on the inner diameter of the sleeve (221). (2210) at the inclined section (2212) and around the outside diameter of the slide bar (222), and then set a stopper elastic member (226) on both sides of the slide bar (222), the stopper elastic member ( 226) are respectively corresponding to the locking members (225), and cover plates (227) are respectively provided at both ends of the sleeve (221), and the cover plates (227) are used for the slide bar (222) to pass through and The blocking elastic member (226) is enclosed in the inner diameter (2210); a vibration sensing unit (3) is used to sense the vibration response of the controlled structure (A) and the control mass (1), and includes: A structure vibration sensor (31) connected to the controlled structure (A), and a control mass vibration sensor (32) connected to the control mass (1); A controller (4) is correspondingly connected to the structure vibration sensor (31) and the control mass vibration sensor (32) and receives a sensing signal, and the controller (4) is connected to control the actuator ( 228), can control the actuator (228) to drive the push rod (224) of the movable joint (22) according to the induction signal of the controller (4), and control the switching element (223) to perform separation or combined action switching By.

Please refer to the first figure again. The impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention is installed on the controlled structure (A), and the controlled structure (A) refers to buildings, bridges, and other structures. The structure which is susceptible to dynamic force and vibration reduces the vibration response of the controlled structure (A), thereby achieving the purpose of improving the safety of the controlled structure (A). First of all, the characteristics of the components of the present invention and the effectiveness and functions of implementation are explained in detail: the control mass (1) is mainly a rigid object sliding on the controlled structure (A), and its mass is between Control the structure (A) between 0.5 and 15% of the total mass. The movable unit (2) is located between the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A), and includes an elastic element (21) with a switching function and a movable joint (22). One end of the elastic element (21) is connected to the control mass (1), and the other end becomes a semi-free end. The so-called semi-free end is switched or formed by the movable joint (22) to form a separation or combination [ie, a free or restrained semi-free end state. ]. Continued, the movable joint (22) is switched on or off [detached or combined], one end is connected to the controlled structure (A), and the other end is passed by the semi-free end of the elastic element (21). The following describes the movable joint (22) ) Switching action: It mainly uses the principle of inclined plane, please refer to the third figure. When the actuator (228) receives the signal from the controller (4) and actuates, it drives the push rod (224) to drive the switching element ( 223) When shifting to the right, its switching element (223) backs up from the right-side locking member (225) and leaves the inclined section (2212). At the same time, the locking member (225) presses against the stopper elastic member (226), and the left-side stopper The elastic member (226) correspondingly presses the left locking member (225) into the inclined section (2212), so that the locking member (225) can tightly lock the slide bar (222); therefore, when the slide bar (222) When the force slides to the right, it will automatically lock the slide bar (222) to the right. Conversely, if the slide bar (222) slides to the left under the force, the forward force of the left lock (225) disappears. With the locking force, the slide bar (222) can move freely to the left.

As mentioned above, please refer to the fourth figure. When the actuator (228) receives the signal from the controller (4) and operates to drive the push rod (224) to move the switching element (223) to the left, its switching element (223) The left locking member (225) of the latch retracts away from the inclined section (2212), at the same time, the lock member presses against the latch elastic member (226), and the right latch elastic member (226) corresponds to the pressing of the right lock member (225) Enter the inclined section (2212), so that the right locking member (225) can tightly lock the slide bar (222); when the slide bar (222) is forced to slide to the left, it will automatically lock the slide bar (222) ) Moves to the left; on the contrary, if the slide bar (222) slides to the right under the force, the forward force of the right-side locking member (225) disappears, without the locking force, and the slide bar (222) can move freely to the right. Therefore, the movable joint (22) can selectively lock the movement in one direction. The movable joint (22) is applied in the punching type semi-active mass damper, and can be accurately and automatically separated after a short impact (combination) between the mass and the structure. In addition to avoiding the delay of separation action, this performance can simplify the control law, which is very helpful to the reliability of the control mechanism.

When the movable joint (22) is switched to the "on" state, the semi-free end of the elastic element (21) is in a free state, and can relatively move the controlled structure (A). When the relative position of the controlled structure (A) is changed, the elastic element (21) will not deform without internal force. Therefore, the elastic element (21) is in a state of no force; otherwise, when the movable joint (22) is switched to " In the "off" state, the semi-free end of the elastic element (21) is in a restricted state, and it is not possible to make relative movement to the controlled structure (A). Therefore, when the relative position of the control mass (1) to the controlled structure (A) is changed The elastic element (21) is deformed and has internal force.

Next, the vibration sensing unit (3) is mainly used to sense the vibration response of the controlled structure (A) and the control mass (1), and includes a structure connected to the controlled structure (A). A vibration sensor (31) and a control mass vibration sensor (32) connected to the control mass (1). The structure vibration sensor (31) can measure the acceleration response or speed response of the controlled structure (A) at the movable joint (22); the control mass vibration sensor (32) can measure the mass of the control mass (1) Absolute acceleration response or absolute speed response or its relative acceleration or relative speed or relative displacement relative to the controlled structure (A).

The function of the controller (4) is to continuously and continuously receive the sensing signals of the structural vibration sensor (31) and the control mass vibration sensor (32); and then, determine whether to open or open the movable joint (22) according to the control logic. Close the command, and immediately transmit the control command to the movable joint (22) in the movable unit (2), and control the push rod (224) and the switching element (223) to cause a corresponding opening or closing action. Further, the connection between the controller (4) and the two vibration sensors and the movable joint (22) may be wired or wireless.

In addition to the components described above, the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention further includes a fixing unit (5), one end of which is fixed to the controlled structure (A), and the other end is fixed to the control On the mass (1), when the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A) have a relative movement, a force that causes the control mass (1) to return to an equilibrium position and a power to dissipate energy can be generated; further the fixation The unit (5) includes a fixed spring member (51) which can generate a control mass to return to an equilibrium position, and an energy dissipating element (52) which can dissipate energy. The following further details:

The fixed unit (5) includes a fixed resilient member (51) and an energy dissipating element (52). One end of the fixed unit (5) is fixed on the controlled structure (A), and the other end is fixed on the control quality. On the block (1), when the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A) have a relative movement, a force for causing the control mass (1) to return to an equilibrium position and a force for dissipating energy can be generated. Further, the fixed resilient member (51) may be a spring, a curved upward track or a single pendulum suspension device, or a similar functional device. The function of the energy dissipating element (52) is to dissipate the control mass and the controlled structure. Material energy can be the source of friction, viscous damping force, viscoelastic force, hydraulic pressure, and plastic hysteresis force. It can also be divided into passive and semi-active energy dissipators.

However, the reason for the fixed unit (5) in the present invention is that: (1) the fixed rebound member (51) is used to control the displacement amount of the control mass (1) to prevent it from being too large and losing its usability. (2) The energy dissipating element (52) is used to dissipate the mechanical energy in the system and avoid excessive displacement of the control mass (1).

From the above description, the assembly technology and characteristics of the structural device of the present invention can be known. However, the technical method and principle of implementing the device of the present invention will be described below. First, the natural vibration frequency of the control mass (1) is calculated by the following formula:

The tuned mass damper technology in the prior art requires that the ratio of the natural vibration frequency of the control mass (1) to the basic automatic vibration frequency of the controlled structure (A) is close to 1, usually between 0.9 and 1.0. good. Once the frequency ratio is slightly less than or greater than the optimal ratio, its energy dissipation effect will be greatly reduced, or there will be no shock absorption effect at all. This phenomenon is called the detuning effect. The loss of its energy dissipation and damping effect comes from the natural frequency of its control mass (1) and the basic natural frequency of the controlled structure (A). The possibility that the controlled structure (A) does positive work, when the amount of positive work is equal to the amount of negative work, the energy dissipation effect is naturally lost.

However, the impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention aims to enlarge the negative work performed by the control mass (1) on the controlled structure (A) as much as possible, and reduce the amount of positive work as much as possible. In order to achieve this, the present invention limits the natural frequency of the control mass (1) to be greater than or equal to twice the basic natural frequency of the controlled structure (A), that is, the following formula holds:

Control the mass natural vibration frequency 2 × the basic natural frequency of the controlled structure; the control mass (1) is connected to two elastic objects, one is an elastic element (21) that can be switched between on and off, and the other is a fixed fixed back Spring piece (51). The present invention limits the elastic coefficient of the elastic element (21) to at least three-fourths of the total elastic coefficient. Therefore, when the elastic element (21) is in the "off" state, the effective natural vibration frequency of the control mass (1) is affected by The basic natural frequency of the control structure (A) is more than twice; on the contrary, when the elastic element (21) is in the "on" state, the effective automatic vibration frequency of the control mass (1) may be only the basic natural frequency of the controlled structure. Half or less.

To further explain, please cooperate with the fifth figure, assuming that the current movable joint is in the "on" state, and the controlled structure (A) moves to the right, and the control mass (1) is relative to the controlled structure (A) Move left. At this time, if the state of the movable joint (22) is switched to "OFF", the elastic element will be deformed, applying a leftward force to the controlled structure (A) and a rightward force to the control mass (1). As a result, the speed of the controlled structure (A) moving to the right is reduced; and the speed of the relative mass of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) is also reduced, or even gradually turned to the right. The internal force of the elastic element (21) at the beginning of the relative rightward movement is still reducing the movement speed of the controlled structure (A), that is, negative work is performed, and the control mass (1) is added to the controlled structure (A). Relative right speed of movement. The internal force of the elastic element (21) gradually returns to zero with the change of the relative movement speed, and begins to become the force acting on the controlled structure (A) in the same direction as the movement of the controlled structure (A). Positive work. At the moment when the positive work of the controlled structure (A) is about to start, the state of the movable joint is switched to "ON", so that the application of positive work to the controlled structure (A) can be avoided. At this time, the controlled mass (1) controlled structure (A) absorbs a large amount of kinetic energy, and can exert a greater impact force and damping mutual restraining force at the next combination timing. In order to amplify the amount of negative work, the negative work must be completed as quickly as possible. Therefore, the natural frequency of the control mass (1) is limited to be greater than or equal to twice the basic natural frequency of the controlled structure (A).

In the above description, the main factor affecting the negative functional force on the controlled structure (A) is the switching timing of the state of the movable joint (22). The basic logic of this method is to apply negative work to the controlled structure (A) as much as possible and avoid applying positive work. In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, a vibration sensing unit (3) is used to continuously measure the speed and acceleration response of the controlled structure (A), and the relative movement direction of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) . Because the speed response can be obtained by integrating the acceleration response or the acceleration response can be obtained by differentiating the speed response, the structure vibration sensor (31) can measure one of the responses. As for the relative movement direction of the control mass (1) with respect to the controlled structure (A), it can be obtained by integrating the relative acceleration or by differentiating the relative displacement. Therefore, the control mass vibration sensor (32) can be an accelerometer or Speedometer or displacement meter.

When the controller (4) continuously collects the vibration response from the structural vibration sensor (31) and the control mass vibration sensor (32), and determines according to the control logic, the state of the movable joint should be switched to "on" or "off" "This control logic is called Control law; the control law of the impact semi-active mass vibration damping method of the present invention is as follows:

If the state of the movable joint is "ON", then ( W _V V _S - W _A A _S ) × V _CS Switch to “Off” at 0; if the state of the active joint is “Off”, then switch to “On” when V _S × D _CS >0; In the above formula, V _S is the speed of movement of the controlled structure, to the right is Positive; A _S is the movement acceleration of the controlled structure, which is positive to the right; V _CS is the movement speed of the control mass relative to the controlled structure, which is positive to the right; D _CS is the relative control of the mass after the movable joint is switched off. The amount of displacement due to the controlled structure corresponds to the amount of deformation of the elastic element. When V _S × D _CS > 0, it means that positive work will be performed on the controlled structure; W _V is the speed weight, which may be a constant greater than or equal to 0; W _A is the acceleration weight, and may also be a constant greater than or equal to 0.

The main difference between the control law of the present invention and the conventional semi-active control law is that the acceleration response of the structure is considered, which can improve the shock absorption effect even higher. According to this control law, the closing timing of the movable joint must be considered The acceleration to the controlled structure (A) is actually sensing the trend of speed change during its movement, so an acceleration sensor may not be needed, as long as the speed sensing value is used in the controller (4). Primary difference or secondary difference calculation from displacement meter. Similarly, the speed response of the controlled structure (A) can also be obtained by integrating the acceleration response once or by using the displacement response once.

Embodiment examples illustrate the practice - in the case of this setting is not to use the fixing unit (5), the speed of the weights (W _V) described in zero external force controlled dynamic structure (A) of the present invention, an impact-type semi-active mass damper Operation conditions to help understand its shock absorption performance. Proceed as follows:

Step 1-Before the external force acts, the controlled structure (A) and the impact-type semi-active mass damper are both in a stationary state, and the movable joint (22) is in an "off" state at this time. When an external force acts to cause the controlled structure (A) to start moving to the right ( V _S > 0), the control mass (1) is at a standstill due to inertia, so the control mass (1) is relative to the controlled structure (A ) Starts to move to the left ( V _CS <0), and its relative displacement relative to the controlled structure (A) is also left, so it is negative ( D _CS <0). Therefore, according to the control law, the movable joint (22) should still be kept in the "off" state, and the speed of the control mass (1) is gradually increased. Currently between points in time AB. The displacement of the controlled structure (A) is increasing from near the origin to the right, the speed is at the right maximum and falling, and the acceleration is just from zero to negative. The displacement of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) is negative, so the force of the elastic element (21) on the controlled structure (A) is negative to the left.

Step 2-After a period of time, the movement speed of the control mass (1) exceeds the controlled structure (A), and the displacement (elastic element) of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) will eventually return to Zero ( D _CS = 0). With reference to time point B, the controlled structure (A) and the control mass (1) both move to the right (the speed is positive), and the speed of the control mass (1) is relatively large. At the next point in time, the displacement of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) becomes a positive value ( D _CS > 0), which meets the condition that the control law switches the movable joint (22) to “on”. Therefore, open the movable joint (22).

Step 3-Since the movable joint (22) is opened, the control mass (1) continues to move to the right at a constant speed, while the controlled structure (A) moves to its right when its elastic restoring force (mainly from the deformation of the column force) Left, the acceleration of the controlled structure (A) is negative ( A _S <0). This is the time between BC. With time, at time C, the controlled structure (A) moves to the left, and the controlled structure (A) returns to its neutral position, and the acceleration returns from negative to zero ( A _S = 0) . Therefore, it meets the condition that the control law switches the movable joint (22) to "OFF", so the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A) are integrated again.

Step 4 structure due to inertia continues leftward movement (V _S <0), but the control mass (1) rightward movement of the push member elastically deformed, so that the elastic member (21) for a controlled structure (A) is applied to The right force then does negative work on the controlled structure (A), which is between the time points CD. Since the natural vibration frequency of the control mass (1) is higher than that of the controlled structure (A), the movement speed of the control mass (1) is reversed before the controlled structure (A) changes its direction of movement again. And move to the left at a faster speed, so that the speed of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) is negative ( V _CS <0), and even at time point D, the control mass (1) is made The relative displacement with respect to the controlled structure (A) is from positive to negative ( D _CS <0). At this time, the condition that the control law switches the movable joint (22) to "ON" is met. Therefore, by opening the movable joint (22), positive work on the controlled structure (A) can be avoided. Thereafter, the controlled structure (A) moves to the left of the control mass (1), and the speed of the control mass (1) is relatively large.

Step 5- Since the movable joint (22) is opened, the control mass (1) continues to move to the left at a constant speed, and when the controlled structure (A) moves to the left, its elastic restoring force (mainly from the deformation of the column force) To the right, the acceleration of the controlled structure (A) is positive ( A _S > 0). This is between the time points DE. Over time, at time E, the controlled structure (A) moves to the right, and the controlled structure (A) returns to its neutral position, accelerating from a negative value to zero ( A _S = 0) . Therefore, the condition that the movable joint (22) is switched to "OFF" is again met, so the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A) are integrated again.

Step 6 structure due to inertia continues rightward movement (V _S> 0), but the control mass (1) leftward movement push the resilient member (21) deforms such that the resilient member (21) for a controlled structure (A ) Apply a force to the left, and do negative work to the controlled structure (A), this is between the time points EF. Since the natural vibration frequency of the control mass (1) is higher than that of the controlled structure (A), the movement speed of the control mass (1) is reversed before the controlled structure (A) changes its direction of movement again. And move to the right at a faster speed, so that the speed of the control mass (1) relative to the controlled structure (A) is positive ( V _CS > 0), and even at the time point F, the control mass (1) is made The relative displacement relative to the controlled structure (A) is from negative to positive ( D _CS > 0). At this time, the condition that the control law switches the movable joint (22) to "ON" is met. Therefore, by opening the movable joint (22), positive work on the controlled structure (A) can be avoided. Thereafter, the controlled structure (A) moves to the control mass (1) to the right, and the speed of the control mass (1) is relatively large.

Step 7-The above steps 3-6 are repeated switching. After the external force disappears, for the inevitable energy dissipation in the system, the control mass (1) and the controlled structure (A) will return to the static equilibrium state. In order to accelerate the return to the static equilibrium state, the energy dissipating element (52) in the fixed unit (5) can be used to supplement the energy dissipating effect. Here, there is no longer used to set a fixed unit (5), the speed of the weights (W _V) described for the case where the present invention is a positive impact in the semi-active mass damper controlled structure (A) by the dynamic external force Operation to help understand its shock absorption performance.

The above is the operation of the impact semi-active mass damper under the control of the structure (A) under dynamic external force, and the basic vibration reduction performance is implemented. However, as shown in the sixth figure, the impact semi-active of the present invention The movable joint (22) used in the mass damper can automatically perform the action of "on". Therefore, the action of judging "on" in the original control law is no longer needed, and the control law in the fifth figure can be simplified as As shown in the sixth figure, the shock absorption effect of quick judgment can be further achieved.

In addition, please refer to the seventh diagrams (a) to (d). In order to show the implementation status of various connection methods of the movable joint of the present invention, the control mass (1) in the present invention can be further directly connected with the slide bar (222). ) Is rigidly connected, and the movable joint (22) and the controlled structure (A) are elastically connected; the following are a few examples of implementations:

(a) The movable joint (22) is positioned on the controlled structure (A), and the slide bar (222) is connected to the control mass (1) via the elastic element (21) [as in the implementation state of the first figure].

(b) The elastic element (21) is positioned on the controlled structure (A) and is connected to the movable joint (22), and the slide bar (222) located in the movable joint (22) is connected to the control mass (1).

(c) The movable joint (22) is positioned on the control mass (1), and one end of the elastic element (21) is positioned on the controlled structure (A). The movable joint (22) is controlled by the slider (222) and the control Mass (1) link.

(d) Positioning the elastic element (21) on the control mass (1) and connecting the movable joint (22), and the slide bar (222) in the movable joint (22) is connected to the controlled structure (A).

The above is the preferred connection method of the control mass (1), the elastic element (21), the movable joint (22), and the slider (222). The combination of these numbers can achieve the same shock absorption effect; and the embodiment or the diagram It is not limited to the product structure or use method of the present invention, and is not limited thereto. Any appropriate change or modification by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field should be deemed not to depart from the patent scope of the present invention.

From the above, the composition and use of the system of the present invention can be understood, compared with the existing structure, the present invention has the following advantages:

The impact semi-active mass damper of the present invention aims to propose a semi-active mass damper derived from a control law derived from dynamic characteristics. The use of a control mass block frequency that is more than twice the basic natural frequency of the main structure can provide various damping ratios as described above It has a higher shock absorption effect; its characteristics are: the difference between the control law and the frequency of the control mass and the conventional semi-active mass damper.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can indeed achieve the expected use effect, and the specific structure disclosed has not only been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before the application. It has fully complied with the provisions of the Patent Law. In accordance with the law, the application for an invention patent was submitted in accordance with the law, and we are kindly requested to review it and grant the patent.

Claims (6)

An impact-type semi-active mass damper is mainly provided with an impact-type semi-active mass damper mounted on a controlled structure, and includes: a control mass, which is a rigid object sliding on the controlled structure; A movable unit is arranged between the control mass and the controlled structure. The movable unit includes an elastic element connected to the control mass at one end and a movable joint. The movable joint is a separate or combined switch. Corresponds to the other end of the elastic element, and can control the switching or separating action of the elastic element in real time. The movable joint includes a sleeve, the sleeve has an annular protrusion on its inner diameter, and the annular protrusion has two sides. The inclined section is connected with the inner diameter, and at least one long groove is provided on the annular convex portion, the long groove is communicated to the outside of the sleeve, and a slide rod is passed through the inner diameter of the sleeve. One end of the sliding rod is connected with an elastic element. A switching element is sleeved on the sliding rod. The switching element is located at the annular convex portion. The switching element is provided with a push rod corresponding to the long slot. The push rod passes through the long slot. , and One end corresponds to the connection with the actuator. The actuator can drive the displacement of the switching element. Then, two locking elements are provided on both sides of the switching element. The locking elements are located at the inclined section of the inner diameter of the sleeve and surround the Around the outer diameter of the slide bar, there are sleeve elastic members on both sides of the slide bar. The slide elastic members correspond to the lock pieces respectively, and cover plates are respectively provided at the two ends of the sleeve. The sliding rod is used to penetrate and close the blocking elastic member to the inner diameter; a vibration sensing unit is used for sensing the vibration response of the controlled structure and the control mass, and includes a link connected to the controlled A structure vibration sensor on the structure and a control mass vibration sensor connected to the control mass; a controller corresponding to and connected to the structure vibration sensor and the control mass vibration sensor respectively and receiving A sensor signal, and the controller is connected to control the actuator, and can control the actuator to drive the push rod of the movable joint according to the controller's sensor signal, and control the switching element to perform separation or combined action to switch The impact semi-active mass damper as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the mass of the control mass is between 0.5 and 15% of the total mass of the controlled structure. The impact semi-active mass damper according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a fixing unit, one end of the fixing unit is fixed on the controlled structure, and the other end is fixed on the control mass, and the The fixed unit includes a fixed rebound member capable of generating a control mass to return to an equilibrium position and an energy dissipating element capable of dissipating energy. When the control mass and the controlled structure have a relative movement, the control mass can be generated The power to restore equilibrium and the power to dissipate energy. The impact-type semi-active mass damper according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the controller and the structural vibration sensor of the vibration sensing unit, the control mass vibration sensor and the signal transmission system between the movable joint One of wired and wireless telecommunications links. The impact semi-active mass damper as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the control mass vibration sensor uses one of an accelerometer, a speed meter, and a displacement meter. The impact semi-active mass damper described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the fixed rebound member can be one of a spring, a curved upward track, and a single pendulum suspension device.