TWI602467B - System for wireless sensing network and its wireless relay device - Google Patents

Description

System for wireless sensing network and wireless relay device thereof

The invention relates to a system for wireless sensing network and a wireless relay device thereof, in particular to a system capable of forming a wireless sensing network and a wireless relay device thereof.

In order to effectively manage and monitor the target area or device, the current practice is to establish a wireless sensing device at each target measurement point, and periodically pass through the wireless sensing network to return the obtained measured value.

Taking the community environment as an example, in order to obtain information on gas, electricity consumption, and water consumption of multiple users in the community, the conventional method is to install a wireless sensing device on the gas meter, the electricity meter, and the water meter to return the sensing information. Since each wireless sensing device is dispersed in the target area, in order to establish a wireless sensing network for transmitting the sensing data, one or more wireless relay devices are required to be configured between the wireless sensing device and the host device. Establish a wireless transmission path.

In order to achieve the above purpose, in the current wireless sensing network, the wireless relay device must turn on the wireless communication function 24 hours a day to transmit the sensing information of each wireless sensing device. Under the condition that the wireless communication function is turned on for a long time, the power consumption of the wireless relay device is quite amazing. In order to solve the problem of power supply of the wireless relay device, it is often necessary to build a physical power line for the wireless relay device, or assign the engineering personnel to frequently replace the battery; these two solutions are quite inconvenient for the maintenance personnel.

In summary, how to provide a self-operating solution to solve the technical problems mentioned above Wireless sensing network systems and wireless relay devices are technical problems that need to be solved in the art.

In order to solve the problems disclosed above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system and a wireless relay device thereof that can form a wireless sensing network.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless relay device. The wireless relay device includes a wireless communication circuit and a controller. The controller connected to the wireless communication circuit is configured to include a sleep time slot and a working time slot. The aforementioned working time slot includes a winding time slot and a lower chain time slot. When the controller is in sleep, the slot performs a sleep program; when the uplink is in the chain, the wireless communication circuit is instructed to establish communication with the external upper-level communication node; in the downlink, the slot commands the wireless communication circuit to establish communication with the external lower-level communication node, wherein The chain time slot includes a synchronization time slot, and the controller sends a time synchronization packet to the lower communication node in the synchronization time slot to synchronize the running time of the lower communication node.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless sensing network system. The aforementioned wireless sensing network system includes a plurality of the aforementioned wireless relay devices, and a plurality of wireless sensing devices. The aforementioned wireless relay device forms a hierarchical wireless sensing network of at least one level. The wireless sensing device connected to the wireless relay device transmits the sensing information via a wireless network formed by the wireless relay device.

In summary, the wireless relay device of the present invention can effectively synchronize and operate other wireless relay devices and wireless sensing devices through the operation of the synchronous time slot to provide a wireless sensing network system with better performance. .

1‧‧‧Wireless relay

11‧‧‧ Controller

12‧‧‧Wireless communication circuit

13‧‧‧Battery

2‧‧‧Host device

3‧‧‧Control Center

R1‧‧‧First Level Wireless Repeater

R2‧‧‧Second Level Wireless Repeater

R3‧‧‧Layer 3 wireless relay

R4‧‧‧4th floor wireless relay device

MI-1‧‧‧Second level wireless sensing device

MI-2‧‧‧Layer 3 wireless sensing device

MI-3‧‧‧Fourth Level Wireless Sensor

ST‧‧‧sleep slot

AT‧‧‧ working slot

Root‧‧‧ root node level

Layer-1‧‧‧ first level

Layer-2‧‧‧Second level

Layer-3‧‧‧ third level

Layer-4‧‧‧ fourth level

1 is a system block diagram of a wireless relay device applied to a wireless sensing network of the present invention.

2 is a network architecture diagram of a wireless sensing network system of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a communication time slot of the wireless sensing network system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the groove of the extended chain of the present invention.

The specific embodiments are described below to illustrate the embodiments of the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a system block diagram of a wireless relay device 1 applied to a wireless sensing network according to the present invention. The wireless relay device 1 includes a controller 11 and a wireless communication circuit 12. In operation, the power terminal of the controller 11 and the power terminal of the wireless communication circuit 12 are connected to the battery 13 to obtain an operating voltage. An analog digital conversion port built into the controller 11 can be connected to the battery 13 to monitor the change in the amount of power of the battery 13. The controller 11 is connected to the wireless communication device, wherein the time slot executed by the controller 11 includes a sleep time slot (ST) and an active time slot (AT). The controller 11 executes a sleep program at the sleep slot ST. In the foregoing operation, the slot AT includes an uplink time slot and a downlink time slot. The controller 11 instructs the wireless communication circuit 12 to establish communication with the external upper communication node when the time slot is in the uplink, and commands the wireless communication circuit 12 to establish communication with the external lower communication node in the downlink time slot, wherein the downlink time slot includes In the synchronization time slot, the controller 11 sends a time synchronization packet to the lower communication node in the synchronization time slot to synchronize the running time of the lower communication node.

In another embodiment, the controller 11 described above periodically performs the sleep time slot ST, the chain time slot above the working time slot AT, and the chain time slot below the working time slot AT.

In another embodiment, the controller 11 includes a slot in the upper chain and a slot in the lower chain. During the guard time slot, the controller 11 stops the operation of the wireless communication circuit 12 during the guard time slot to prevent interference between the time slot of the winding and the time slot of the lower chain.

In another embodiment, the controller 11 transmits an invitation to join the packet via the public communication channel via the wireless communication circuit 12 at the invitation time slot. The aforementioned controller 11 configures the transmission time of the incoming packet according to the configuration at the network level of the wireless sensing network. For example, the invitation time of the controller 11 at the lower network level is earlier than the transmission time of the invitation to join the packet by the controller 11 at the upper network level. The aforementioned invitation to join the package includes the downlink private channel information, the downlink private identification code, the network level number information and other network related materials.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a network architecture diagram of a wireless sensing network system according to the present invention. The wireless sensing network system includes a plurality of the aforementioned wireless relay devices 1 (R1 to R4), a host device 2, and a plurality of wireless sensing devices (MI-1 to MI-3).

The aforementioned controller 11 selects a digital circuit having a computing function, a microprocessor, a single chip circuit, and the like. The wireless communication circuit 12 includes an antenna, a transmitter, a receiver, and the like. The aforementioned wireless sensing device is a temperature sensor having a wireless communication function, a humidity sensor, a brightness sensor, a gas meter, an electric meter, a water meter, etc., but the category is not limited thereto. The host device 2 described above is a digital circuit board, a computer device, a handheld communication device, and the like having an arithmetic function and a communication function, but the category is not limited thereto. The wireless communication circuit 12 of the wireless relay device 1 and the wireless transceiver circuit of the wireless sensor can selectively use 2G/3G/4G/5G, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee and other types of wireless. Communication Technology.

The wireless relay device 1 described above forms at least one hierarchical wireless sensing network (Root, Layer-1, Layer-2, Layer-3, Layer-4). The aforementioned host device 2 communication connection The wireless relay device 1 of the first level Layer-1. The wireless sensing device described above is connected to the wireless relay device 1. Therefore, the wireless sensing device returns the sensing information to the host device 2 via the wireless network formed by the wireless relay device 1. In another embodiment, the aforementioned wireless sensing device is connected to the lower layer wireless relay device 1. The aforementioned host device 2 can transmit the acquired sensing information to the control center 3 for management via a wired/wireless network. Further, the control center 3 can control at least one set of wireless sensing network systems through one or more host devices 2.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a communication time slot diagram of the wireless sensing network system. In this network system, the wireless relay devices 1 are numbered R1, R2, and R3 according to their network levels, and the wireless sensing devices are also numbered MI-1, MI-2, and MI-3 according to their network level. The hierarchy to which each device belongs is shown in Table 1:

The time slot executed by the controller 11 can be divided into a working time slot AT and a sleep time slot ST. In this embodiment, two time slots are used for the winding time slot, and one time slot and the lower chain are used for the guard time slot. The time slot uses 2 time slots. Referring to Table 2, time slots T1 and T2 are defined as the first level Layer-1 chain time slot, time slot T3 is defined as the first level Layer-1 guard time slot, and time slots T4 and T5 are defined as One-layer Layer-1 under the chain time slot. The time slot above the next level overlaps the chain time slot below the upper level. For example, the chain time slot on the second level Layer-2 is equivalent to the chain time slot below the first level Layer-1 ( T4, T5) to transmit data.

In this embodiment, the controller 11 of the present invention adopts a sleep mode to consume less than 1 uA, an active mode consumes about 120 uA of the microprocessor control chip, and the controller 11 has an analogy of 200 kbps. /Digital converter to monitor the voltage state of battery 13. The wireless relay device 1 can be used with a protective casing of IP55 or higher. The wireless communication circuit 12 employs a short burst transceiver that can program a programmable data rate of 50 to 250 kbps. The wireless communication circuit 12 transmits a 64-bytes length packet at a data rate of 50 kbps, and consumes 60 mA, which takes 12 ms. The wireless relay device 1 of the present invention burns firmware in the controller 11 to control the communication program. The aforementioned firmware can be implemented using C/C++, a combined language, or the like.

In another embodiment, the controller 11 sets the operating time slot AT to 1 second, and the sleep time slot ST to 29 seconds. Only the length of time slot is not limited to this. When it is in sleep, slot ST, control The controller 11 sets the wireless communication circuit 12 to turn off its transmitter, so that in the slot ST during sleep, the total power consumption of the wireless relay device 1 is reduced to 3 uA.

After ending the sleep time slot ST (29 seconds), the controller 11 enters the working time slot AT at the 30th second. The controller 11 sets the length of a unit time slot to 47.62 ms or 23.8 ms, in other words, there are 21 time slots (or 42 time slots) per 1 second; the length of the time slot is the length of the packet. 4 times to set, for example, when the data rate is 50 kbps and the time for transmitting 64 Bytes packet is 12 ms, the time slot time is 12×4=48 ms. In Figure 3, the time slot is plotted as 1/21 second (= 47.62 ms).

In this embodiment, the first level wireless relay device R1 is used to establish the synchronization time of the wireless sensing network system. In the wireless relay device 1 at the same level, the frequency division mode is adopted to establish respective communication links (the wireless relay device 1 uses different frequencies to establish channels at the same time); and the wireless relays at different levels The device 1 establishes a separate communication link in a time-sharing mode (the wireless relay device 1 establishes a channel at the wireless relay device 1 at different times and in the upper and lower layers). The operation flow of the slot AT (time slot T1~T6) of the wireless relay device 1 during operation is as shown in Table 3:

By analogy, when the lower wireless relay devices 1 are in the time slots T7 to Tn, they can be linked to the wireless relay device 1 or the wireless sensing device in the order of the time slots T1 to T6. When there are multiple wireless relay devices 1 or wireless sensing devices at the same level (for example, Layer 2 Layer-2), each device can be configured to use a different frequency band (F2-1, F2-2, F2-3). To establish a private channel for each device.

When the wireless relay device 1 or the wireless sensing device that is not added to the wireless sensing network system performs the wireless service range of the wireless sensing network, the wireless relay device 1 is taken as an example, and the wireless relay device 1 at this time The controller 11 assigns the wireless communication circuit 12 to send an invitation to join the packet at the broadcast public channel with a public identification number (Global ID). The foregoing invitation to join the packet selection includes time information (year, month, day, hour, minute, second), current time slot information, private channel used by the wireless relay device 1 in the downlink, and private identification code used in the downlink. (ID), the wireless relay device 1 operating network number, class number, system idle (Idle) operating status and other network related information.

In another embodiment, each of the wireless relay devices 1 is wide at the time of the invitation slot. In the broadcast public channel, the invitation is sent by the public identification code to join the packet, and the controller 11 of the wireless relay device 1 at the lower network level is 1 second earlier than the controller 11 of the wireless relay device 1 at the upper network level. emission. Therefore, the newly added wireless relay device 1 can be preferentially incorporated under the jurisdiction of the lower layer wireless relay device 1 through this procedure.

In another embodiment, in addition to the first-level wireless relay device R1, each wireless relay device 1 is in the broadcast public channel when inviting the time slot, and sends the invitation to join the packet with the public identification code, and is located in the lower layer network. The controller 11 of the hierarchical wireless relay device 1 transmits one second earlier than the controller 11 of the wireless relay device 1 located at the upper network level to ensure that the newly added wireless relay device 1 is preferentially incorporated into the lower layer wireless relay. Under the jurisdiction of the device 1.

Referring to FIG. 4, when the wireless relay device 1 does not obtain a response from the upper communication node, the controller 11 automatically extends the time of the working time slot AT to continuously search for a communication node that can establish a communication link.

When the wireless sensing network system is built, after the wireless relay device 1 of the present case is turned on, each wireless relay device 1 can establish a network and transmit sensing information through the foregoing procedures without requiring the user to separately set And planning. After the network is completed, the user can operate the host device 2 to obtain the sensed value reported by each wireless sensing device.

To illustrate the power saving effect of the wireless relay device 1 of the present invention, the wireless sensing device is a household gas meter device having a wireless communication function as an example. When the usage specification is power: 2.5 liters per hour (Ah), the operating voltage is 3 When the Volt (V) disposable lithium battery 13 (CR17450) is 4 (the battery type is not limited to this limit), it can provide long-term operation through estimation. The power consumption calculation is verified as follows: The first-level wireless relay device R1 consumes power. Calculation (slot synchronization at 29 seconds sleep + 1 second)

Calculation of Rn battery discharge amount of wireless relay device 1 below the second level (including) (29 seconds sleep + 1 second slot synchronization)

The detailed description above is a detailed description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The patent scope of this case.

2‧‧‧Host device

3‧‧‧Control Center

R1‧‧‧First Level Wireless Repeater

R2‧‧‧Second Level Wireless Repeater

R3‧‧‧Layer 3 wireless relay

R4‧‧‧4th floor wireless relay device

MI-1‧‧‧Second level wireless sensing device

MI-2‧‧‧Layer 3 wireless sensing device

MI-3‧‧‧Fourth Level Wireless Sensor

Root‧‧‧ root node level

Layer-1‧‧‧ first level

Layer-2‧‧‧Second level

Layer-3‧‧‧ third level

Layer-4‧‧‧ fourth level

Claims (9)

A wireless relay device for a wireless sensing network, comprising: a wireless communication circuit; a controller, connected to the wireless communication circuit, wherein the time slot executed by the controller further comprises: a sleep time slot, performing a sleep program; The slot includes: an uplink time slot, instructing the wireless communication circuit to establish communication with an external upper-level communication node; and the downlink time slot, instructing the wireless communication circuit to establish communication with an external lower-level communication node, wherein the downlink time slot further includes Synchronizing the time slot, the controller sends a time synchronization packet to the subordinate communication node in the synchronization time slot to synchronize the operation of the subordinate communication node; and invites a time slot, and the controller transmits the wireless device during the invitation time slot The communication circuit sends an invitation to join the packet, and the controller further configures the transmission time of the invitation to join the packet according to the network level of the wireless sensing network. The wireless relay device of claim 1, wherein the controller periodically performs the sleep time slot, the chain time slot above the working time slot, and the chain time slot below the working time slot. The wireless relay device of claim 1, further comprising a guard time slot between the uplink time slot and the downlink time slot, wherein the controller stops the operation of the wireless communication circuit during the guard time slot. In order to prevent interference between the winding time slot and the lower chain time slot. The wireless relay device of claim 1, wherein the triggering time of the invitation to join the packet of the controller at the lower network level is earlier than the invitation to join the packet of the controller at the upper network level Launch time. The wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the controller is set to be broadcast on a public channel for common use. The identification code sends the invitation to join the packet. The wireless relay device of claim 1, wherein the invitation to join the packet further comprises at least one of a downlink private channel information, a downlink private identification code, and network level number information. A wireless sensing network system, comprising: a plurality of wireless relay devices according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the wireless relay devices form a hierarchical wireless sensing network of at least one level; A plurality of wireless sensing devices are coupled to the wireless relay devices, and the wireless sensing devices transmit sensing information via a wireless network formed by the wireless relay devices. The wireless sensing network system of claim 7, wherein the wireless relay devices at the same level establish a respective communication link by using a frequency division mode, wherein the wireless relay devices at different levels are Use the time-sharing mode to establish separate communication links. The wireless sensing network system of claim 7, further comprising a host device, wherein the host device is configured to obtain the sensing information provided by the sensing device via the wireless network formed by the wireless relay device, The wireless relay device located at the first level further transmits the time synchronization packet to synchronize with the host device.