TWI589702B - 用於熱形成板料之系統及方法 - Google Patents
用於熱形成板料之系統及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI589702B TWI589702B TW103117964A TW103117964A TWI589702B TW I589702 B TWI589702 B TW I589702B TW 103117964 A TW103117964 A TW 103117964A TW 103117964 A TW103117964 A TW 103117964A TW I589702 B TWI589702 B TW I589702B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound 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[Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 24
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
- F27B9/021—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces having two or more parallel tracks
- F27B9/022—With two tracks moving in opposite directions
- F27B9/023—With two tracks moving in opposite directions with a U turn at one end
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
- F27B9/243—Endless-strand conveyor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING OR OTHER TREATMENTS
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Description
本發明係關於一種用於熱形成板料之系統,以及一種用於熱形成板料之相應方法。
薄片金屬之熱形成為組件製造中之一種相對新的發展趨勢,尤其用於車身。在本申請案之上下文中,此情形下使用之薄片金屬係依照形成技術領域中使用之貿易語言,亦稱作「板料」。板料通常由經相應地切割成一定尺寸、衝壓、接合及/或預形成的薄片金屬組成。然而,本發明之方法不僅可應用於經相應製備的薄片金屬,且亦可應用於所使用的對應原料。因此,本發明係關於可在相應形成操作中塑形(例如藉助於壓製及/或深拉伸)之所有工件及半成品。
熱形成允許進行無反彈製造高強度之具有複雜幾何形狀的組件,且可能顯著地減少(例如)由此製造的車體之重量以及提高(例如)相應車輛中乘客的安全性。
由於關於結構組件(特別是在車輛中)之強度及硬度的要求較嚴格,因此高強度及超高強度鋼日益頻繁地用於此等應用。增加的強度可能減少車輛重量,從而特定言之可減少污染物排放及燃料消耗。在當前車輛型號中,使用熱形成組件可能減小30kg以上的重量。
熱形成方法本質上為塑形與硬化相組合之技術。使用例如錳硼合金鋼之相應鋼可能獲得高達1.500MPa的強度。在壓製硬化方法 中,例如將板料加熱至完全沃斯田體化(austenitization)溫度以上之溫度(例如850℃以上),隨後將該板料於工具中淬滅。以此方式獲得具有所需強度之所需麻田散體(martensite)結構。在工具中進行的形成製程與淬滅製程之組合偶爾亦稱作壓製硬化或塑形硬化。
在用於車體的超高強度材料之熱形成中,使用(例如)所謂的輥膛爐來預加熱板料。通常藉助於經電加熱之輻射管或藉助於氣體燃燒器來實現該等爐之加熱。為了實現最短製程循環時間,在系統中提供預加熱組件之特定「儲備」為有利的。用於將鋼回火之熱處理時間表示界定相應壓製之循環時間之決定性參數。輥膛爐具有長達40公尺之長度且因此具有包括有效移除過量熱在內之相應結構要求。作為輥膛爐之替代物用於預加熱組件之轉桶式窖爐亦具有相應缺點。其亦藉助於輻射管加且關於其效率相當不令人滿意。
經壓製硬化組件之特徵在於其高強度及硬度。如上所述,此特徵可能減小薄片金屬厚度且因此減少重量。然而,在低斷裂伸長率方面會發現一個問題,其會導致在隨後的生產步驟中(例如當熔接於其他部件上時)形成裂痕。因此需要以壓製硬化方式來實現(例如)車體組件之特定區域且需要實現同一組件之其他區域以使得其具有較高延展性且因此可由於塑性變形而吸收較多能量。
先前用以製造該等局部不同性質或所謂的「定製性質」之嘗試包括有目的地影響相應半成品之合金組分、製造所謂的「定製熔接板料」(亦即接合有不同材料之板料)、藉助於電感或導電加熱技術進行部分(局部)加熱、藉助於局部加熱將經壓製硬化工具之特定區域部分地回火及遮罩特定組件區域以抑制相應輥膛爐中的加熱(且因此進行沃斯田體化)。然而,此等方法為複雜的且因此通常不令人滿意且極其昂貴。
因此,需要可獲得具有局部不同性質之板料的改良選擇。
基於此等情況,本發明提出一種用於熱形成板料之系統,以及一種用於熱形成板料之相應方法,該系統及該方法具有申請專利範圍獨立項之對應特徵。較佳實施例形成申請專利範圍附屬項之目標以及以下說明。
由於根據本發明所提出的至少部分再加熱操作,可以特別有效的方式獲得具有局部不同性質之板料及組件,其中該再加熱操作係在壓製裝置中形成或壓製硬化板料之後進行。根據本發明,特別可能實現具有所要材料性質(例如在任何位置之延展性增加)之極其複雜的形狀。
如上文已提及,術語「板料」在本申請案之上下文中應全面地加以解釋。此術語包括在相應系統中熱形成(特別是經壓製硬化)之薄片金屬、半成品、經接合及/或預形成之組件。在本發明中,板料可以是經塗佈之板料,例如塗佈有鋁聚矽氧或鋅之板料。
本發明之特別有利的態樣係關於利用預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器或燃料氣體-氧燃燒器。此類型之燃燒器基本上為已知的,例如自DE 103 45 411 A1獲知。例如,預混合燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器係用於玻璃部件之所謂的火焰拋光,特別是鉛晶體或鈉鈣玻璃之部件。在此種狀況下,該玻璃部件之表面之至少一部分係藉由燃燒器加熱並熔融。相應燃燒器亦稱為所謂的Hydropox燃燒器且由申請人以此商品名出售。
預混合燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器(特別是氫氣-氧氣燃燒器)之特徵在於尤其高的熱傳遞效率。與所謂的外部混合燃燒器形成對比,已將燃料氣體與氧氣之燃料混合物饋送至預混合燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器之燃燒器頭端而非在相應燃燒器頭端最終生成該混合物。預混合燃燒器產 生適合於熔融較大表面積(其亦可具有凹陷或其他不規則性)之特別硬的火焰。根據本發明,確定此表示與外部混合燃燒器相比之決定性優勢。外部混合燃燒器僅僅能夠產生無法穿透(特定言之)至表面之拐角、孔洞或凹陷之軟火焰。因此,使用預混合燃燒器可能局部加熱相應板料之特定區域,特別是經不同塑形之區域。儘管藉助於外部混合燃燒器延長的加熱將亦可能達到高溫,但可能出現的是加熱全部板料而非僅僅加熱所要區域。
根據本發明系統之一特別較佳實施例,至少一個再加熱裝置經實現成其可經三維定向及/或三維移置。可將根據本發明使用的再加熱裝置安裝於(例如)工業機器人上。此使得可能沿著經形成的板料之表面或在該表面之上方精確地導引及定向該再加熱裝置,以使得該表面可在所要區域中(部分)均勻地加熱至所要溫度範圍,例如在650℃與850℃之間,特別是700℃-800℃,較佳約750℃。
加熱裝置(特別用於在壓製裝置中之形成操作之前完全加熱板料)較佳以沃斯田體化裝置之形式實現。在該種狀況下完全沃斯田體化為較佳的。沃斯田體化提供所要材料性質,由此可能隨後壓製且同時冷卻或淬滅板料接著至少部分地加熱(再加熱)該板料。相應沃斯田體化裝置經設計尤其用於局部加熱板料至750℃-1050℃,特別是800℃-1000℃,例如850℃-950℃之溫度。相應溫度視各別材料而定且處於沃斯田體化溫度以上。例如,前述錳硼合金鋼之沃斯田體化溫度為大約850℃。若相應板料經預加熱至略低於沃斯田體化溫度之溫度,則藉由相應燃燒器可快速達到或超過沃斯田體化溫度,特別是在板料之預定區域中。在壓製或形成操作期間在此類冷卻製程中,較佳將板料冷卻至100℃-200℃之溫度,其中冷卻至室溫與250℃之間的任何溫度將亦為可能的。
相應系統此外適宜地具有至少一個負載裝置用於為該系統負載 板料,及/或具有至少一個傳送裝置用於將該等板料傳送至該系統之至少一個壓製裝置中,及/或具有至少一個傳送裝置用於將該等板料傳送至再加熱裝置中。
至少一個加熱裝置適宜地包含至少一個鏈斗式爐。例如,將可能使用通常已知的直立鏈斗式爐,其具有改進的能效及以下優勢,即尤其適合替代習知輥膛爐,如上所述,輥膛爐具有較大結構尺寸且因此具有相應結構要求。可(例如)用電或用燃料加熱鏈斗式爐且可在相應溫度範圍內操作鏈斗式爐從而確保高效且可靠的加熱製程。
待調節的各別溫度視板料之各別材料而定。如上所述,錳硼合金鋼之完全沃斯田體化溫度為大約850℃。熟習此項技術者可自可用的材料參數容易地得出相應溫度。
有利的是,亦用至少一個預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器或燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器來實現加熱裝置。此同樣允許對板料進行非常有效且亦尤其局部地加熱。
儘管該種加熱裝置(特別是沃斯田體化裝置)在本發明之上下文中較佳用於板料之完全沃斯田體化,但其亦可經實現用於部分加熱板料,特別是用於沃斯田體化板料,亦即用於加熱或沃斯田體化板料之特定區域或局部區域。在此狀況下,可將預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器之至少一個燃燒器火焰導向待部分加熱(特別是待沃斯田體化)之區域。相應燃燒器配置因此可能(特定言之)實現區域之界定局部沃斯田體化,其中隨後可例如藉助於壓製硬化實現較高局部強度。然而,在壓製硬化操作之後,在非沃斯田體化區域內確保材料之足夠延展性。以此方式,可設想(例如)在藉助於加熱裝置進行此類部分加熱製程之板料之第一區域內(亦即在形成操作之前)且在藉助於再加熱裝置進行加熱製程之板料之第二區域內(亦即在形成操作之後)獲得所要延展性。
在相應系統中,加熱裝置(特別是沃斯田體化裝置)及預加熱裝置 適宜地以一個結構單元之形式實現。此可能實現具有較小結構尺寸且(例如)僅需要一個熱絕緣之緻密且高效能的系統。
本發明方法包含以下步驟:將板料負載至本發明系統中;在加熱裝置(特別是沃斯田體化裝置)中至少局部加熱或沃斯田體化該等板料;在壓製裝置中藉助於壓製形成該等板料隨後在再加熱裝置中至少部分加熱該等板料。如上所述,壓製操作亦可涉及壓製硬化製程。
用於熱形成板料之本發明系統及本發明方法同樣受益於上述優勢。
不言而喻,在不背離本發明之範疇之情況下,上述特徵以及尚待下文描述之特徵,不僅可以對應描述的組合使用且亦可以其他組合使用或單獨使用。
本發明之例示性實施例在圖式中示意性地說明且在下文中參考圖式更詳細地加以描述。
3‧‧‧負載裝置
4‧‧‧加熱裝置
4a‧‧‧鏈斗式爐
4b‧‧‧沃斯田體化裝置
5‧‧‧傳送裝置
8‧‧‧壓製裝置
10‧‧‧系統
14‧‧‧燃燒器
16‧‧‧再加熱裝置
18‧‧‧預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器
22‧‧‧預混合燃燒器頭端
100‧‧‧方法
101‧‧‧步驟
102‧‧‧步驟
103‧‧‧步驟
104‧‧‧步驟
105‧‧‧步驟
106‧‧‧步驟
107‧‧‧步驟
221‧‧‧通道
223‧‧‧燃燒器噴嘴
P‧‧‧板料
圖1顯示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之用於熱形成板料的系統之示意圖。
圖2顯示適用於本發明之一實施例之燃燒器頭端的示意圖。
圖3顯示根據本發明之一實施例之用於熱形成板料的方法之流程圖。
若適用,則相同地起作用或操作之元件在圖中經相同元件符號標識且出於簡單起見不重複其說明。
圖1顯示根據本發明之一較佳實施例之用於熱形成板料的系統。該系統整體以元件符號10標識。其具有負載裝置3,其中可將相應板料P(例如經衝壓的薄片金屬件)沿箭頭(下部水平箭頭)方向負載至相應系統中。提供加熱裝置4且其具有示意性說明的鏈斗式爐4a。將板料P沿箭頭方向輸送至加熱裝置4之下部區域內,升高(如經垂直箭頭 指示)且在升高的同時持續加熱。可在鏈斗式爐4a中加熱板料以使得其沃斯田體化。然而,圖1顯示一實施例,其中加熱裝置4具有配置於鏈斗式爐4a下游之沃斯田體化裝置4b。在此狀況下,鏈斗式爐用於預加熱板料。
板料P再次自鏈斗式爐4a之上部區域內離開,即沿箭頭(上部水平箭頭)方向。隨後,其通過沃斯田體化裝置4b,沃斯田體化裝置4b具有以三火焰燃燒器之形式表示的燃燒器14。燃燒器14可具有任意數目之燃燒器火焰。燃燒器14亦可為移動式的且連續作用於板料P之不同區域。為此目的,將可能提供相應移動裝置,該移動裝置亦可以完全自動方式致動(例如藉由利用相應控制)。板料P沿箭頭方向通過沃斯田體化裝置4b,同時經加熱至相應材料之沃斯田體化溫度以上之溫度(例如900℃)。
板料P隨後到達傳送裝置5,藉助於傳送裝置5將板料P傳送至壓製裝置8。壓製裝置8以所要方式形成板料,其中在形成操作期間同時將板料冷卻至大約200℃或200℃以下。
由於此冷卻或淬滅製程(較佳以超過30K/sec之速率進行),板料之沃斯田體化區域內生成麻田散體結構或硬結構。
如上所述,經形成之板料在此狀態下具有大約200℃之溫度。在此狀態下,目前藉助於再加熱裝置16對經形成的板料進行部分加熱,再加熱裝置16具有至少一個預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器18或燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器。以此方式,將硬結構變換成混合結構,該混合結構(例如)關於其在經加熱之形成板料位置處的延展性具有改良性質。
再加熱裝置16可安裝於例如(未顯示)工業機器人上,以使得燃燒器18可經三維移置及定向。此可能沿著組件表面精確導引燃燒器18,以使得其可在所要區域內均勻地加熱至大約650℃與850℃之間的溫度。因此獲得的結構變化導致(例如)硬度減小及伸長率或延展性增 加。在實驗測試中,例如延展性值可提高多達18%。
燃燒器18可實現為具有任意幾何結構(亦具有較小直徑,例如用於熔接點區域)且因此能夠加熱組件或形成板料P之各種區域。在此情況下,能量傳送為極其高效的且處理時間可減少至幾秒。
本發明與例如感應加熱(例如因為無法恰當地加熱內部半徑而不適用於三維幾何結構或板料形狀)之其他加熱技術相比提供明顯的優勢。
本發明方法與習知雷射輔助方法相比亦提供優勢。儘管雷射輔助方法通常能夠執行類似任務,但高能量密度及相對較小焦曲面需要顯著較高的努力(例如)用於加熱較大相干區域,以使得此類方法在實際應用中為相對低效的。
本發明方法可能隨後以高度可變且有效之方式加熱板料(特別是經三維形成之板料,例如經硬化的UHS鋼板料)之部分區域,其中材料之延展性可增加至足夠的值以進行有目的的變形。
根據本發明使用的燃燒器可能(例如)實現具有高達10×20cm2的表面積之焦曲面。尤其較佳的是使用可能實現具有2cm×2cm或4cm×2cm之尺寸的焦曲面之燃燒器。
本發明燃燒器頭端之一較佳實施例在圖2中說明。
在圖2中,根據本發明之適合的預混合燃燒器頭端由元件符號22標識。
根據本發明使用的預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器具有通道221,氫氣-氧氣混合物可通過通道221饋送至燃燒器頭端22,且能夠產生確保極其良好的能量傳送之極硬燃燒器火焰。由此可能(特定言之)以較可靠的方式用所需熱量作用於具有凹部或更複雜輪廓之區域。在此狀況下,相應氣體混合物因此已經以混合物之形式離開燃燒器噴嘴223且在此位置點燃。
圖3以示意圖形式顯示根據本發明之一尤其較佳實施例之方法100的流程圖。在第一步驟101中,自薄片金屬衝壓出相應板料P。在第二步驟102中,將此等板料負載至本發明的熱形成系統中(例如藉助於負載裝置)。可持續進行此負載製程。在步驟103中,在系統中預加熱板料P,其中上述方法可用於此目的。接著在步驟104中進行上述類型之沃斯田體化。在沃斯田體化之後,在步驟105中藉助於傳送裝置將板料P傳送至壓製裝置中,其中隨後在步驟106中,在該壓製裝置中形成或壓製且同時淬滅該等板料。在該壓製裝置中的淬滅製程之後,藉助於再加熱裝置(特別是預混合氫氣-氧氣或燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器)以所要方式(步驟107)部分加熱在此狀態中可具有複雜三維形狀之經壓製硬化板料,以使得在經加熱之區域中可獲得具有所要性質(例如改良的延展性)之混合結構。
3‧‧‧負載裝置
4‧‧‧加熱裝置
4a‧‧‧鏈斗式爐
4b‧‧‧沃斯田體化裝置
5‧‧‧傳送裝置
8‧‧‧壓製裝置
10‧‧‧系統
14‧‧‧燃燒器
16‧‧‧再加熱裝置
18‧‧‧預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器
P‧‧‧板料
Claims (17)
- 一種用於熱形成板料(P)之系統,其具有至少一個加熱裝置(4)及至少一個壓製裝置(8),該至少一個壓製裝置(8)係配置於該至少一個加熱裝置(4)下游且用於形成該等板料,該系統之特徵在於在該壓製裝置(8)下游提供至少一個再加熱裝置(16),用於藉由加熱來部分作用於在該壓製裝置中形成的該等板料(P),其中該再加熱裝置(16)具有至少一個預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器或預混合燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器(18)。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該再加熱裝置(16)可經三維移置及/或定向。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該加熱裝置(4)係以沃斯田體化(austenitizing)裝置形式實現。
- 如請求項1之系統,其進一步具有用於為該系統負載板料之負載裝置(3),及/或至少一個用於將該等板料傳送至該至少一個壓製裝置中之傳送裝置,及/或至少一個用於將經形成的板料傳送至該至少一個再加熱裝置(16)之傳送裝置。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該加熱裝置(4)包含至少一個鏈斗式爐。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該加熱裝置具有至少一個預混合氫氣-氧氣燃燒器或預混合燃料氣體-氧氣燃燒器。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該壓製裝置(8)係以如下方式實現:在該等板料形成的同時,將其冷卻至室溫與300℃之間的溫度。
- 如請求項7之系統,其中該壓製裝置(8)係以如下方式實現:在該等板料形成的同時,將其冷卻至150℃至250℃的溫度。
- 如請求項8之系統,其中該壓製裝置(8)係以如下方式實現:在該等板料形成的同時,將其冷卻至150℃至200℃以下的溫度。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中在該再加熱裝置(16)中,將經形成的板料之區域加熱至大約650℃至850℃之溫度。
- 如請求項10之系統,其中在該再加熱裝置(16)中,將經形成的板料之區域加熱至大約700℃至800℃之溫度。
- 如請求項11之系統,其中在該再加熱裝置(16)中,將經形成的板料之區域加熱至約750℃之溫度。
- 一種用於熱形成板料之方法,其中將該等板料負載至如請求項1至10中任一項之系統,在該系統之加熱裝置中將其加熱至沃斯田體化溫度,在壓製裝置中形成且同時冷卻該等板料,接著在再加熱裝置中將其部分地加熱至大約650℃至850℃。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中在該再加熱裝置中,將該等板料部分地加熱至大約700℃至800℃之溫度。
- 如請求項14之方法,其中在該再加熱裝置中,將該等板料部分地加熱至約750℃之溫度。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中熱形成經塗佈之板料。
- 如請求項16之方法,其中熱形成塗佈有鋁聚矽氧或鋅之板料。
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DE202013011800U1 (de) | 2013-07-24 | 2014-10-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Linienverstärktes Kraftfahrzeugblech, insbesondere Karosserieblech |
DE102014010661A1 (de) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Blech und Verfahren zu dessen Behandlung |
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DE102016100648B4 (de) | 2015-12-23 | 2018-04-12 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Wärmebehandlungsofen sowie Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung einer vorbeschichteten Stahlblechplatine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils |
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DE102016118252A1 (de) | 2016-09-27 | 2018-03-29 | Schwartz Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung eines metallischen Bauteils |
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CN106734629B (zh) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-02-01 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | 一种超塑成形三工位转运装备 |
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CN103045834B (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-12-03 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种改善高强度钢板热冲压件综合性能的方法 |
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CA2851920A1 (en) | 2014-11-23 |
US20140345753A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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EP2806041A2 (de) | 2014-11-26 |
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