TWI571273B - Antibacterial catheter - Google Patents

Description

Antibacterial catheter

The invention relates to a catheter, in particular to an antibacterial catheter, which can effectively prevent bacterial infection of the urinary system.

At present, the common catheter in the market is mainly to install a balloon on the rubber catheter, and the catheter is fixed in the bladder by the balloon which is inflated by water filling. Such a catheter is also known as an indwelling catheter because it can be used for a long time.

According to statistics, 25% of inpatients in hospitals use indwelling catheters, and about 3-10% of patients will have urinary tract infections every day, and severe cases may even lead to sepsis and death. According to statistics from Taiwan, from 2003 to the third quarter of 2012, the proportion of patients with urinary tract infections averaged 36.5% in 10 years, ranking first in various medical centers, so the use of catheters will obviously increase external sources. The risk of sexual bacterial infection.

The object of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial catheter which can effectively inhibit bacterial growth and avoid bacterial infection of the urinary system.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, an antibacterial catheter provided by the present invention comprises a body and an antibacterial carbon material, the body having a catheterization channel formed in the body, an introduction port at one end of the catheterization channel, and An outlet is located at the other end of the urinary passage, the urinary passage is respectively connected with the introduction port and the outlet; the antibacterial carbon material is disposed in the urinary passage, and the BET specific surface area of the antibacterial carbon material is between Between 500m ² /g and 1800m ² /g, and the ratio of the pore volume of the antibacterial carbon material having a pore diameter of less than 2 nm to the total pore volume is between 30% and 50%.

By providing an antibacterial carbon material with antibacterial function in the catheterization channel of the catheter, not only bacteria outside the human body can enter the bladder through the catheterization channel, but also bacteria in the bladder can be eliminated to effectively prevent Bacterial infection of the urinary system improves the bacterial infection of the bladder caused by conventional catheters.

1‧‧‧ Ontology

11‧‧‧Import

12‧‧‧ catheterization

13‧‧‧Drainage channel

14‧‧‧Export

15‧‧‧ injection port

2‧‧‧Antibacterial carbon material

21‧‧ ‧Antibacterial channel

22‧‧‧Extension

23‧‧‧Fixed Department

3‧‧‧ balloon

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the initial state of adsorption of Escherichia coli by the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 1 of the present invention after 24 hours of adsorption of Escherichia coli.

Fig. 4 is an electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the initial state of adsorption of Escherichia coli by the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a photomicrograph (SEM) photograph of the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 2 of the present invention after 24 hours of adsorption of Escherichia coli.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a first preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention comprises a body 1, and an antibacterial carbon material 2 disposed in the body 1. The antibacterial catheter is adapted to be placed in a bladder of a patient, wherein the front portion of the body 1 together with the antibacterial carbon material 2 is placed in the bladder, and the rear portion of the body 1 is located outside the human body.

The body 1 is made of a flexible material such as silicone or polyvinyl chloride, and includes an introduction port 11, a catheterization channel 12, an outlet port 14, a balloon 3, a drainage channel 13, and an injection port 15. . A catheterization channel 12 is formed in the body 1. The introduction port 11 is located at the front end of the catheterization channel 12 for introducing urine in the bladder into the catheterization channel 12, and the outlet port 14 is located in the catheterization channel. At the rear end of the 12, the catheterization channel 12 is in communication with the introduction port 11 and the outlet port 14, respectively. The outlet port 14 is located outside the human body, and the urine of the catheter channel can be exported to a urine collection bag. The balloon 3 is disposed outside the catheterization channel 12 and adjacent to the introduction port 11 . The drainage channel 13 is adjacent to the catheter channel 12 and is not in communication with each other. The injection port 15 , the drainage channel 13 and the balloon 3 are three The injection port 15 is connected by a syringe, so that the medical staff injects the physiological saline to fill the balloon 3 and expands it, thereby fixing the balloon 3 and the front portion of the body 1 to the disease. In the bladder, the antibacterial catheter does not fall off due to pulling or other factors.

The antibacterial carbon material 2 is disposed at the foremost end of the urinary catheter 12 and adjacent to the introduction port 11, and has an antibacterial channel 21 communicating with the introduction port 11 and the urinary catheter channel 12. When the urine enters the body 1 from the introduction port 11, it flows through the antibacterial channel 21 first, and then flows out through the outlet port 14 via the catheter channel 12. Therefore, when the external bacteria wants to enter the bladder through the urine or the catheterization passage 12, it is adsorbed and eliminated by the antimicrobial carbon material 2. It should be noted that the antibacterial carbon material 2 may be polyacrylonitrile (PAN) activated carbon, bamboo charcoal or graphene, and the antibacterial carbon material may be woven, non-woven or powdery. If the antibacterial carbon material is in the form of a powder, the individual particles have a length of 10 to 300 μm and a diameter of 5 to 15 μm. The antibacterial carbon material 2 has a BET specific surface area of between 500 m ² /g and 1800 m ² /g, and the pore volume of the activated carbon material having a pore diameter of less than 2 nm accounts for 30% and 50% of the total pore volume. %between.

In order to understand the antibacterial properties of the antibacterial carbon material 2 of the present invention, the following equipment and methods are used for measurement and observation: the carbon surface observation instrument is a cold field emission scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer (Cold Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer), manufactured by HITACHI, Japan, model number S-4800. The test method was to fix a suitable size of carbon material on a stage (2.5 cm in diameter) with a carbon tape, and place it on a heating plate at 80 ° C for 1 hour. The surface of the carbon material was observed using an acceleration voltage of 10 to 15 kV and a magnification of 5000 times.

The specific surface area (BET) analysis equipment is Micromeritics ASAP2020 manufactured by Micromeritics, Inc., and the side test method is to pass the sample through the high temperature first. After vacuuming (360 ° C), the adsorption gas (nitrogen) was filled in, and the experimental temperature and pressure were fixed at 77 K and 760 mm-Hg.

Before the antibacterial analysis, the test sample was taken into a circular sample of 4.8 ± 0.1 cm in diameter, and then sterilized at 121 ° C and 103 kPa (1.05 kg / m ² ) for 20 minutes, and tested according to the AATCC 100-1998 antibacterial test standard specification.

In Test Example 1, the activation treatment was carried out using a polyacrylonitrile oxidized fiber cloth, and under steam protection, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1000 ° C at a heating rate of 4 ° C/min, and steam activation was carried out for 10 minutes, and then at 10 ° C / The cooling rate of min is reduced to room temperature. Finally, a polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber cloth having a BET specific surface area value of 1050 m ² /g and a pore volume of less than 2 nm and a volume ratio of the total pores of 45% is prepared, and the activated carbon fiber cloth is made into an antibacterial carbon. Material 2 for subsequent antimicrobial testing.

In Test Example 2, the activated carbon fiber cloth prepared in Test Example 1 was impregnated in a 0.01 M aqueous solution of silver nitrate while stirring at 50 rpm for 0.5 hour, followed by dehydration, and drying at 120 ° C to remove moisture, followed by nitrogen gas. Under the protection, at a heating rate of 4 ° C / min, from room temperature to 600 ° C, thermal cracking was carried out for 1 minute, and then reduced to room temperature at a temperature drop rate of 10 ° C / min. Then, it was washed with water for 2 hours, and then dried at 120 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a final product. Silver accounts for 0.06 wt% of the total weight, and the silver particles on the activated carbon fibers are nanometer in size and have a particle diameter of about 10 to 50 nm. Activated carbon fiber cloth loaded with silver particles having a true density of 2.06 g/cm ³ , a carbon content of 85.5 wt%, an oxygen content of 10.4 wt%, a BET specific surface area of 1030 m ² /g, and a pore diameter of less than 2 nm. The volume ratio of the volume to the total pores was 44%, and the above-mentioned activated carbon fiber cloth carrying silver particles was made into the antibacterial carbon material 2 for subsequent antibacterial test, and the results are shown in Table 1.

The antibacterial ability of Test Example 1 and Test Example 2 was tested according to the AATCC 100 specification, wherein the antibacterial rate of Test Example 1 against S. aureus was 99.3%, and the antibacterial rate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 99.0%. Fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of the initial state of adsorption of Escherichia coli by the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 1, and Fig. 3 is an electron micrograph of the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 1 after 24 hours of adsorption of Escherichia coli. The number of bacilli is significantly reduced. In Test Example 2, the entire antibacterial property of the activated carbon fiber cloth was increased to 99.99% or more after loading 0.06 wt% of silver. FIG. 4 is an adsorption of the intestinal rod of the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 2 of the present invention. Electron micrograph of the initial state of the bacteria, and Fig. 5 is an electron micrograph of the antibacterial carbon material of Test Example 2 after 24 hours of adsorption of Escherichia coli, showing that the original E. coli has successively died on the antibacterial carbon material, indicating that silver can be The auxiliary PAN activated carbon fiber is sterilized to increase the antibacterial rate.

In order to understand the effect of the specific surface area of the antibacterial carbon material on the antibacterial property, the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) activated carbon fiber was made into an antibacterial carbon at a activation temperature of 600 ° C, 800 ° C and 1200 ° C, respectively. The materials were named as the control group, Test Example 3 and Test Example 4 according to the activation temperature, and the activation treatment conditions were as in Test Example 1, only the activation temperature was changed, and the BET specific surface areas were measured to be 380 m ² /g, 650 m, respectively. ² / g and 1800 m ² / g, and the pore volume of the pores less than 2 nm accounted for 27%, 41% and 48% of the total pore volume, respectively.

The antibacterial ability of the control group, the test sample 3, and the test sample 4 was tested according to the test method specified in AATCC 100. The results are shown in Table 2 below. The results of Table 2 show that the control group has a low BET specific surface area and a micropore volume ratio. Low, the antibacterial ability was significantly inferior to Test Example 3 and Test Example 4 where the BET specific surface area was high.

By summarizing the above experimental test results, the BET specific surface area of the antibacterial carbon material is between 500 m ² /g and 1800 m ² /g, and the volume ratio of the micropore volume of the antibacterial carbon material having a pore diameter of less than 2 nm to the total pore volume is obtained. between 30% and 50% range, preferably in its antimicrobial activity, wherein the carbon material of the antibacterial BET better antibacterial ability between 650m ² / g to 1800m ² / g specific surface area is between.

In order to further enhance the antibacterial ability of the antibacterial carbon material 2, an organic or inorganic antibacterial treatment can be applied. In the organic antibacterial treatment, an aminoglycoside substance such as gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin or the like may be impregnated or coated to make the antibacterial carbon. The material 2 is combined with the above organic substance to finally form a material having high antibacterial ability. Therefore, the application of the antibacterial carbon material 2 subjected to the organic antibacterial treatment to the catheter can effectively prevent bacterial infection of the urinary system. Among them, the effect of using gentamicin for organic antibacterial treatment is preferred.

In the inorganic antibacterial treatment, the antibacterial carbon material 2 may be combined with an inorganic antibacterial metal such as gold, silver, copper or zinc by the techniques of impregnation, coating, electroplating, vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electroless plating, and the like. On the carbon material 2, a material having high antibacterial ability is finally formed. The content of gold, silver, copper or zinc in the antibacterial carbon material is 0.01 to 0.1% by weight. Therefore, the application of the inorganic antibacterial-treated antibacterial carbon material 2 to the catheter can effectively prevent bacterial infection of the urinary system. Among them, the effect of inorganic antibacterial treatment using silver or copper is preferred.

Regarding the specific structural embodiment of the antibacterial carbon material 2, an activated carbon fiber cloth may be wound into a columnar shape to form the antibacterial carbon material 2, or the inner wall of the body 1 may be adhered to a powder obtained by grinding the activated carbon fiber. In order to form the antibacterial carbon material 2, the activated carbon fiber may be added to the foaming process of the PU foaming material to form a rod-shaped antibacterial carbon material 2.

As shown in Fig. 6, a second preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, except that the antibacterial carbon material 2 is porous and plugged close to The outlet 14 is such that urine entering the body 1 flows out of the urinary passage 12 through the antibacterial carbon material 2 and the outlet 14 in an outward direction. Therefore, when the external bacteria wants to enter the bladder with urine or a catheter as a medium, it will adsorb to the antibacterial carbon material 2 and die after a certain period of adsorption, so that the antibacterial carbon material 2 exerts its antibacterial and resistance. efficacy.

As shown in FIG. 7, a third preferred embodiment of the antibacterial catheter of the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, and the difference is that the antibacterial carbon material 2 has a fixing portion 23 at one end. The leading end of the urinary catheter 12 is adjacent to the introduction port 11 and has an extending portion 22 extending from the fixing portion 23 along the longitudinal direction of the urinary catheter channel 12. In the present embodiment, the extending portion 22 has a columnar shape or a rod shape. Therefore, when the external bacteria wants to enter the bladder with urine or a catheter as a medium, it will adsorb to the extension portion 22 of the antibacterial carbon material 2, and will die after a certain period of adsorption, so that the antibacterial carbon material 2 exerts its Antibacterial and blocking effects.

In summary, the present invention has an advantage in that an antibacterial carbon material 2 having an antibacterial function is provided in the catheterization channel 12 of the catheter, that is, actively The path of bacteria is blocked, so that bacteria outside the body can not enter the bladder with urine or the catheter as a medium, which can effectively prevent bacterial infection of the urinary system and avoid the bacteriality caused by the long-term indwelling catheter. Cystitis and other issues.

1‧‧‧ Ontology

11‧‧‧Import

12‧‧‧ catheterization

13‧‧‧Drainage channel

14‧‧‧Export

15‧‧‧ injection port

2‧‧‧Antibacterial carbon material

21‧‧ ‧Antibacterial channel

3‧‧‧ balloon

Claims (10)

An antibacterial catheter comprises: a body having a catheterization channel formed in the body, an introduction port at one end of the catheterization channel, and an outlet at the other end of the catheterization channel, the guide The urinary passage is respectively connected to the introduction port and the outlet; and an antibacterial carbon material disposed in the urinary passage, the BET specific surface area of the antibacterial carbon material is between 500 m ² /g and 1800 m ² /g, And the volume ratio of the micropore volume of the antibacterial carbon material having a pore diameter of less than 2 nm to the total pore volume is between 30% and 50%. The antibacterial catheter according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material is made of PAN activated carbon, bamboo charcoal or graphene. An antibacterial catheter according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material is in the form of a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or a powder. The scope of the patent antimicrobial catheter, Paragraph 1, wherein, the antimicrobial a BET specific surface area of the carbon material between 650m ² / g to 1800m ² / g range. The antibacterial catheter according to claim 1, wherein the body further has a balloon disposed outside the catheter and adjacent to the inlet, a drainage channel and an injection port, the drainage channel and the catheter channel Side by side and not in communication with each other, the injection port, the drainage channel and the balloon are connected. An antibacterial catheter according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material is disposed near the inlet. An antibacterial catheter according to the sixth aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material has an antibacterial passage communicating with the introduction port and the catheter. An antibacterial catheter according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material is disposed near the outlet. The antibacterial catheter according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material has a fixing portion disposed on the body and adjacent to the introduction port, and an extension extending from the fixing portion along the length of the catheter channel unit. The antibacterial catheter according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the antibacterial carbon material contains 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of gold, silver, copper or zinc.