TWI569905B - Forging apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Forging device

The present invention relates to a forging apparatus for manufacturing a forged material such as a disk or a ring by die forging.

Previously, when a forged material such as a disk or a ring was produced by die forging, the mashing step, the roughing step, the finishing step, and the like were usually sequentially performed, and the corresponding plurality of dies necessary for each step were required. Moreover, the plurality of molds are respectively subjected to mold change in each step, and the mold changing operation requires a large amount of work.

In order to reduce the workload of such a mold change, for example, in Patent Document 1, the mold on the mold base is moved from between the head and the slider in a state where the mold necessary for each step is mounted on the mold base. The side is withdrawn, and then the mold holder to which the replacement mold is mounted is pressed between the head and the slider, thereby replacing the mold together with the mold base. Thereby, the mold of the next step can be prepared in advance by replacing the mold base, so that the workload of the mold changing operation can be shortened.

Further, in order to obtain the above-mentioned forged material, positioning of the material with respect to the position of the mold of the forging device is required. In the case where the product is positioned in a small amount of a variety of products having different shapes and sizes, it is often necessary to use the manual positioning of the operator. In the case of hot forging, the positioning by manual work becomes a heavy physical high-heat operation, and the operator's physical burden is high, and it is necessary to work skillfully.

In order to solve such a problem, it has been proposed to mechanically position the forged material at a predetermined position of the mold.

For example, Patent Document 2 proposes a transfer unit that has a forging unit and a forged material to be conveyed into a mold, and conveys the unit to the center of gravity of the forged material and the predetermined position of the die and the die. Consistently, the positioning accuracy of the product and the mold is improved, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and yield of the product. This proposal is excellent in that when a plurality of forging apparatuses necessary for each step of the forging scheme are used, the forged material is conveyed to each of the forging apparatuses and forged with high precision.

[Previous Technical Literature]

[Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-181586

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-319506

The forging apparatus disclosed in the above Patent Document 2 is advantageous in that the conveyance of the forged material to the forging device and the detection of the position of the center of gravity of the forged material can be continuously performed and positioned at a predetermined position of the mold.

However, in the case where the positioning unit for positioning the forged material and the moving unit for conveying the forged material to the forging device are configured as one device as in the case of Patent Document 2, the arrangement of the pillars of the forging device and the like is Under the restriction, the forged material can only be clamped by the opposite mechanical fingers, and can be carried by the cantilever support by the robot arm. Therefore, for example, when the diameter is 1 m or more and the mass is 1 ton or more, the large-scale and heavyweight are used. When the forged material is transported or positioned, there is a problem that the limit of the device or the positional accuracy is lowered.

An object of the present invention is to provide a forging apparatus which can greatly reduce the amount of work and which can be forged even in a large and heavy-duty forged material.

The present inventors have conducted various studies in view of the above problems, and as a result, the present invention has been completed by the following configuration, and the production of the forged material can be greatly improved, and the above-described configuration includes a mold transfer machine in the forging apparatus. The mold transfer machine moves the mold set toward the forged position and becomes the base of the lower mold when forged. The mold transfer machine is provided with a detachable clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism moves in the horizontal direction and clamps the forged material for positioning.

That is, the present invention is a forging apparatus including a mold set formed of an upper mold and a lower mold, and forging a forged material by the above-described mold set. The forging device described above includes a mold transfer machine. The mold transfer machine mounts the above-mentioned mold set and moves toward the forging position, and becomes a base of the lower mold at the time of forging. The mold transfer machine includes a detachable clamping mechanism that moves in the horizontal direction and holds the forged material for positioning.

Preferably, the mold transfer machine moves from the forging position toward the retracted position by advancing or retracting, and the retracted position is a position at which the mold set and the clamping mechanism are arranged.

Further, it is preferable that the number of the mold transfer machines is plural, and the other mold transfer machine other than the forging position at the time of forging waits at the retracted position.

Further, the direction in which the forged material is oriented toward the forging position is the loading direction, and it is preferable that the mold transfer machine moves in a direction perpendicular to the loading direction.

In addition, it is preferable that the clamping mechanism is fastened to the mold transfer machine. In the T groove formed by the upper surface.

Further, it is preferable that the clamp mechanism includes a pair of fingers that are in contact with the forged material at three or more points from the opposing position, and more preferably form a V-shaped or U-shaped branch that is branched into two.

According to the present invention, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of work such as the arrangement of the mold set or the positioning of the forged material, and even if a large-sized and heavy-weight forged material is to be obtained, forging processing can be performed, which can be drastically Improve the productivity of forged materials. Thereby, it is an indispensable technique for the manufacture of, for example, a rotating part of an aircraft.

As described above, one of the important features of the present invention is to adopt a configuration in which a mold transfer machine that becomes a susceptor of a lower mold at the time of forging is provided with a loading and unloading position at which a forged material is positioned at a predetermined position of the mold. Free clamping mechanism.

By arranging the detachable clamping mechanism in a predetermined mold transfer machine, before the forging, in addition to the alignment of the mold set, the size of the forged material or the size and position of the mold set can be combined and selected in advance. And set the pre-arrangement of the clamping mechanism. Further, since the clamp mechanism can be brought close to the mold, unlike the mechanism for conveying the forged material, the clamp mechanism does not require high strength, and the positioning accuracy can be made highly accurate.

Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given using a schematic diagram showing an example of the forging apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a forging apparatus of the present invention. In addition, the map 2 is an arrow view of A-A of Fig. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the forging apparatus 1 of the present invention is a forging apparatus including an upper mold 5a and a lower mold 5b, and forging the forged material 2 by the upper and lower mold sets 5.

In Fig. 1, the lower mold 5b at the forging position is placed on the upper surface of the mold transfer machine (A) 3 which becomes the susceptor.

On the other hand, in Fig. 1, the upper mold 5a at the forging position is provided on the plunger 20 at the front end of the cylinder 21 that is driven up and down during forging, and the load required for forging is added to the forged material 2. Further, in Fig. 1, in order to withstand a large load, the cylinder 21 is supported by the pillars 22 provided at the four corners.

First, a mold transfer machine which is one of the important features of the present invention will be described.

The mold transfer machine (A) used in the present invention mounts the mold set 5 at its retracted position 7 and moves toward the forging position. With this configuration, the arrangement of the mold set 5 and the clamp mechanism 6 can be performed in advance.

In addition, FIG. 1 is an example in which two mold transfer machines are arranged. A clamping mechanism 6 that is detachable and detachable is mounted on each of the upper surfaces of the mold transfer machine (A) 3 and the other mold transfer machine (B) 4 at the forging position shown in Fig. 1 . Moreover, the mold transfer machine (B) 4 is located at its retracted position. By providing two mold transfer machines as described above, when the mold transfer machine (A) 3 is located at the forging position, the mold set 5 of the other mold transfer machine (B) 4 and the clamping mechanism 6 can be performed. Arrange in advance. Since the pre-arrangement is possible, the time for mold replacement is shortened, and the accuracy of the clamping mechanism can be improved.

In the present invention, as a mold transfer machine, the self-retracting position is toward the forging position. Move, and then move in the direction of the retracted position, so that it can only advance, that is, move in one direction. In this case, the retracted position that is arranged in advance and the retracted position after forging are opposite to each other across the forging position. Further, as the moving direction, an operation of advancing toward the forging position and retreating toward the retracted position may be employed. In this case, the retracted position that is arranged in advance and the retracted position after forging are on the same side with respect to the forging position.

In the present invention, one mold transfer machine can be used, and two or more molds can be applied. However, the more the number of units, the higher the cost, so it is desirable to have the least number of units. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, two mold transfer machines are used. When one mold transfer machine is located at the forging position, another mold transfer machine that performs standby at the retracted position is arranged, and the operation is repeated. More than three mold sets and clamping mechanisms can be arranged in advance.

Next, a clamping mechanism which is another important feature of the present invention will be described. An example of the clamp mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Further, the clamp mechanism 6 shown in Fig. 3 specifically shows the clamp mechanism 6 shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In the forging apparatus of the present invention, when the forging is performed, the forged material 2 must be carried into a predetermined position of the lower mold 5b of the forging apparatus 1 of the present invention and aligned. Hereinafter, the steps of the alignment will be described using a diagram.

First, the forged material 2 is carried in and placed on the upper surface of the lower mold 5b by a conveyance device such as a robot (not shown). Next, the clamp arm 13 of the clamp mechanism 6 is moved in the horizontal direction, and the forged material 2 is accurately positioned toward the predetermined position of the lower mold 5b. Thereafter, the clamp arm 13 is retracted from the forged material 2 on the lower mold 5b in the horizontal direction, by the mold set 5 The forged material 2 is forged.

The clamping mechanism provided in the forging apparatus of the present invention also has the following important feature: it is detachable from the mold transfer machine. Thereby, the forged material of various shapes can be handled by replacement of the clamp mechanism. Further, when forging is performed without using the positioning of the clamp mechanism, the clamp mechanism 6 can be removed and then forged. By arbitrarily attaching and detaching the clamp mechanism 6, the mold space (forging effective area) can be freely adjusted for the same mold transfer machine, and the degree of freedom of forging can be improved.

The detachable clamping mechanism 6 shown in FIG. 3 has a mounting portion 15 for fastening to a mold transfer machine, and has a configuration in which the mounting portion 15 is fastened to a not-shown portion by a T-bolt. The T-slot formed by the upper surface of the mold transfer machine. Further, the clamp mechanism 6 has a configuration in which the clamp arm 13 is slidably moved on the rail 12 by being coupled to the lever 11 of the drive unit 10 using the cylinder, and a branch is provided at the front end of the clamp arm 13. Two-piece V-shaped fingers 14. The V-shaped finger portion 14 allows the forged material to contact the inner surface thereof and can be positioned. Further, the finger portion may be U-shaped from the viewpoint of contacting the forged material with the inner surface thereof.

Further, from the viewpoint of positioning the forged material, the linear finger portion is limited to the positioning in the uniaxial direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the forged material has a minimum of three points of contact, and if one of the fingers is linear, the other pair of fingers is preferably V-shaped or U-shaped which can be contacted at two points. The V shape or the U shape is in the form of a fork. More preferably, the pair of fingers located at the opposite positions are each V-shaped or U-shaped.

Further, in the drive unit 10, it is preferable to use a high speed responsiveness. Pneumatic cylinders, or hydraulic cylinders suitable for heavy load transport.

The clamp arm 13 and the finger portion 14 of the clamp mechanism 6 to which the present invention is applied are preferably such that the thickness of the portion sandwiching the forged material 2 is thinner than the thickness of the forged material 2. With this, even if the depth of the lower mold 5b is shallow and the horizontal portion on the upper surface of the lower mold 5b is small, it is difficult to stabilize the forged material 2, and the forged material 2 can be held by the fingers 14. The forging is started, and the upper and lower mold sets 5 are brought into contact with the forged material 2, and the clamp arms 13 are retracted to perform forging.

Further, the mold transfer machine of the present invention preferably moves horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the loading direction of the forged material toward the forging position. This is because if the forged material is to be carried in the same direction as the moving direction of the mold transfer machine by, for example, a robot, the mold transfer machine may be disturbed. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, if the support 22 is present in the forging apparatus, it is carried in any direction that becomes a right angle (the vertical direction of the drawing) with respect to the moving direction of the mold transfer machine (the left-right direction of the drawing). The forged material can also avoid interference with the pillars 22.

1‧‧‧Forging device

2‧‧‧Forged materials

3‧‧‧Mold Transfer Machine A

4‧‧‧Mold Transfer Machine B

5‧‧‧Mold group

5a‧‧‧上模

5b‧‧‧下模

6‧‧‧Clamping mechanism

7‧‧‧Retracted position

10‧‧‧ Drive Department

11‧‧‧ pole

12‧‧‧ Track

13‧‧‧ clip arm

14‧‧ ‧ fingers

15‧‧‧Installation Department

20‧‧‧Plunger

21‧‧‧ cylinder

22‧‧‧ pillar

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a forging apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a clamp mechanism applied in the present invention.

1‧‧‧Forging device

2‧‧‧Forged materials

3‧‧‧Mold Transfer Machine A

4‧‧‧Mold Transfer Machine B

5‧‧‧Mold group

5a‧‧‧上模

5b‧‧‧下模

7‧‧‧Retracted position

20‧‧‧Plunger

21‧‧‧ cylinder

22‧‧‧ pillar

Claims (6)

A forging device comprising a mold set formed by an upper mold and a lower mold, and forging a forged material by using the above-mentioned mold set of the set, wherein the forging device comprises: a mold transfer machine, and a set of the mold is placed The mold set moves toward the forging position, and the mold transfer machine becomes the base of the lower mold at the time of forging, and the mold transfer machine is provided with a detachable clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism moves in the horizontal direction Holding the forged material, positioning the forged material in a forging position of the lower mold, wherein the plurality of mold transfer machines are located, and one of the plurality of mold transfer machines is located at the forging position during forging At least the other mold transfer machine located outside the forging position is in standby at the retracted position. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein the mold transfer machine moves from the forging position toward the retracted position by advancing or retracting, wherein the retracting position is for performing pre-selection of the mold set and the clamping The arrangement of the mechanism and the above-described mold transfer machine. The forging device according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the direction of the forged material toward the forging position is a loading direction, and the mold transfer machine moves in a direction perpendicular to the loading direction. The forging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clamping mechanism is fastened in a T-groove formed by the upper surface of the mold transfer machine. The forging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a pair of fingers, and the fingers are in contact with the forged material at three or more points from a facing position. The forging device according to claim 5, wherein the finger portion is formed in a V-shape or a U-shape branched into two strands.