TWI455331B - Photovoltaic energy storage device and control method thereof - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本發明是有關於一種再生能源技術，特別是一種結合太陽能板、波形產生器與電荷泵之高效率光電儲能裝置及其控制方法。
The invention relates to a renewable energy technology, in particular to a high-efficiency photoelectric energy storage device combined with a solar panel, a waveform generator and a charge pump and a control method thereof.
近年來，由於科技的進步，電子產品已經成為人們日常生活中的一部份。例如，家用醫療產品、電視遙控器、無線鍵盤、無線滑鼠、手機、隨身聽、個人數位助理及其它可攜式電子產品等。但是上述的產品圴是以電池作為電源，不但價格高昂，且會對環境造成污染。In recent years, due to advances in technology, electronic products have become a part of people's daily lives. For example, home medical products, TV remote controls, wireless keyboards, wireless mice, mobile phones, walkmans, personal digital assistants, and other portable electronic products. However, the above products are based on batteries as a power source, which is not only expensive but also pollutes the environment.
當然，市面上也已經有能夠利用太陽能等再生能源的光電儲能系統，但是習知技藝之光電儲能系統為了要達到最大的輸出功率，必須同時檢測其內部之電壓與電流，故其內部之電部複雜且需要消耗較高的功率，導致習知技藝之光電儲能裝置之效率一直無法提升。正因為如此，習知技藝之光電儲能裝置，無法應用於能量密度較小的室內光電能應用。因此，如何開發出一種高效率的光電儲能裝置，不但能夠調制光電儲能裝置之電路之輸出阻抗，使其能夠達到最大輸出功率，並且也能應用於能量密度較小的室內光電能應用，即為本發明所欲解決之問題。
Of course, there are already photovoltaic energy storage systems that can use renewable energy such as solar energy. However, in order to achieve maximum output power, the photoelectric energy storage system of the prior art must simultaneously detect the internal voltage and current, so the internal The electrical department is complex and requires high power consumption, resulting in the inefficiency of the conventional photovoltaic energy storage device. Because of this, the optical energy storage device of the conventional technology cannot be applied to indoor photovoltaic energy applications with low energy density. Therefore, how to develop a high-efficiency photovoltaic energy storage device can not only modulate the output impedance of the circuit of the photovoltaic energy storage device, but also achieve the maximum output power, and can also be applied to indoor photovoltaic energy applications with low energy density. That is, the problem to be solved by the present invention.
有鑑於上述習知技藝之問題，本發明之目的就是在提供一種光電儲能裝置及其控制方法，能夠調制光電儲能裝置之電路之輸出阻抗，使其能夠達到最大輸出功率，並且也能應用於能量密度較小的室內光電能應用。In view of the above problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an optoelectronic energy storage device and a control method thereof, which are capable of modulating the output impedance of a circuit of a photovoltaic energy storage device so as to achieve a maximum output power and can also be applied. For indoor photovoltaic energy applications with low energy density.
根據本發明之目的，提出一種光電儲能裝置，其包含：光能轉換模組，係將光能轉換成電能；波形產生器，係接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓，並產生脈波；以及電荷泵，係接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓及脈波，並提升輸入電壓，再將能量儲存於外部之超級電容。According to an object of the present invention, an optoelectronic energy storage device is provided, comprising: a light energy conversion module for converting light energy into electrical energy; and a waveform generator for receiving an input voltage of the light energy conversion module and generating a pulse wave; And the charge pump is configured to receive the input voltage and the pulse wave of the light energy conversion module, and increase the input voltage, and then store the energy in the external super capacitor.
根據本發明之目的，再提出一種光電儲能控制方法，係包含下列步驟：藉由光能轉換模組將光能轉換成電能；利用波形產生器接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓，並產生脈波，並以脈波驅動電荷泵；以及由電荷泵接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓及脈波，並提升輸入電壓，再將能量儲存於外部之超級電容。According to the object of the present invention, a photoelectric energy storage control method is further provided, which comprises the steps of: converting light energy into electrical energy by a light energy conversion module; receiving an input voltage of the light energy conversion module by using a waveform generator, and generating Pulse wave, and drive the charge pump with pulse wave; and receive the input voltage and pulse wave of the light energy conversion module by the charge pump, and increase the input voltage, and then store the energy in the external super capacitor.
其中，波形產生器更包含調制模組，調制模組調整脈波之週期，使光能轉換模組之等效輸出阻抗等於光能轉換模組之最大效率輸出阻抗，使得光能轉換模組能達到最大輸出功率。The waveform generator further includes a modulation module, and the modulation module adjusts the period of the pulse wave, so that the equivalent output impedance of the light energy conversion module is equal to the maximum efficiency output impedance of the light energy conversion module, so that the light energy conversion module can The maximum output power is reached.
其中，調制模組包含至少一光敏電阻（Photo Sensitive Resistor），此至少一光敏電阻根據照射在光能轉換模組上之光線之光照度，改變其電阻值，以調整脈波之週期。The modulation module includes at least one photoresistor (Photo Sensitive Resistor), and the at least one photoresistor changes its resistance value according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the light energy conversion module to adjust the period of the pulse wave.
其中，該脈波係為週期性鋸齒波。Wherein, the pulse wave is a periodic sawtooth wave.
其中，光能轉換模組為太陽能板。The light energy conversion module is a solar panel.
承上所述，依本發明之光電儲能裝置及其控制方法，其可具有一或多個下述優點：As described above, the photovoltaic energy storage device and the control method thereof according to the present invention may have one or more of the following advantages:
(1) 此光電儲能裝置及其控制方法可以根據照射在光能轉換模組上之光線之光照度，改變光敏電阻之電阻值，以調整脈波之週期，使光能轉換模組之輸出阻抗滿足最優化曲線，使光能轉換模組達到最大輸出功率，以提高電路的效率。(1) The photoelectric energy storage device and the control method thereof can change the resistance value of the photoresistor according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the light energy conversion module to adjust the period of the pulse wave to make the output impedance of the light energy conversion module The optimization curve is satisfied, and the light energy conversion module reaches the maximum output power to improve the efficiency of the circuit.
(2) 此光電儲能裝置及其控制方法本身消耗電能在30μW以下因此可以使用於能量密度較小的領域，例如，室內光電能的應用。(2) The photovoltaic energy storage device and its control method consume power below 30 μW and can therefore be used in fields with low energy density, for example, indoor photovoltaic energy applications.
(3) 此光電儲能裝置及其控制方法利用週期性鋸齒驅動電荷泵，因此可簡化光電儲能裝置之電路，使產品製作成本降低。(3) The photoelectric energy storage device and the control method thereof use the periodic sawtooth to drive the charge pump, thereby simplifying the circuit of the photovoltaic energy storage device and reducing the production cost of the product.
(4) 此光電儲能裝置及其控制方法可以替代電源及充電器，因此可以使用在大部份的電子產品上，不但環保，且價格也較低廉。
(4) This photoelectric energy storage device and its control method can replace the power supply and the charger, so it can be used on most electronic products, which is not only environmentally friendly, but also inexpensive.
以下將參照相關圖式，說明依本發明之光電儲能裝置及其控制方法之實施例，為使便於理解，下述實施例中之相同元件係以相同之符號標示來說明。The embodiments of the photovoltaic energy storage device and the control method thereof according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the related drawings. For the sake of understanding, the same components in the following embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
請參閱第1圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之方塊圖。如圖所示，本發明之光電儲能裝置1包含光能轉換模組11、波形產生器12及電荷泵13。光能轉換模組11將光源10提供之光能轉換為電能111，並輸入至波形產生器12及電荷泵13內。波形產生器12藉由電能111，並經由調制模組121及內部其它電路而產生脈波122，此脈波122為三角波。脈波122用來驅動電荷泵13，控制電荷泵13內之功率開關作動。而電荷泵13接收脈波122，以執行一充電程序131，充電程序131為提升輸入電壓並將能量儲存於其外部電容中。因此，電荷泵13同時能夠有倍壓與儲存能量等效果。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic energy storage device 1 of the present invention comprises a light energy conversion module 11, a waveform generator 12 and a charge pump 13. The light energy conversion module 11 converts the light energy supplied from the light source 10 into electric energy 111 and inputs it into the waveform generator 12 and the charge pump 13. The waveform generator 12 generates a pulse wave 122 by means of the electric energy 111 and through the modulation module 121 and other internal circuits. The pulse wave 122 is a triangular wave. The pulse wave 122 is used to drive the charge pump 13 to control the power switch actuation in the charge pump 13. The charge pump 13 receives the pulse wave 122 to perform a charging process 131 for boosting the input voltage and storing the energy in its external capacitance. Therefore, the charge pump 13 can simultaneously have effects such as double voltage and stored energy.
值得一提的是，脈波122可為任何形式，例如方波等，但是本發明之光電儲能裝置1係採用週期性鋸齒波作為輸入電荷泵13之脈波122。採用週期性鋸齒波的好處在於，可以大幅的簡化波形產生器12的電路結構。也就是說，在實際生產光電儲能裝置1時，可以使用較少的電子元件，因此可以減少光電儲能裝置1的生產成本，以提升產品的競爭力。It is worth mentioning that the pulse wave 122 can be in any form, such as a square wave or the like, but the photovoltaic energy storage device 1 of the present invention uses a periodic sawtooth wave as the pulse wave 122 of the input charge pump 13. The advantage of using periodic sawtooth waves is that the circuit structure of the waveform generator 12 can be greatly simplified. That is to say, when the photovoltaic energy storage device 1 is actually produced, fewer electronic components can be used, so that the production cost of the photovoltaic energy storage device 1 can be reduced to enhance the competitiveness of the product.
另外，由於採用週期性鋸齒波作為輸入電荷泵13之脈波122，可以減少波形產生器12電路的複雜度，並能夠減少能源的損耗，因此可以提升光電儲能裝置1的效率，並能夠以較低的電壓來驅動波形產生器12，使其可以應用在能量密度較小的領域，例如，室內光電能的應用。In addition, since the periodic sawtooth wave is used as the pulse wave 122 of the input charge pump 13, the complexity of the circuit of the waveform generator 12 can be reduced, and the loss of energy can be reduced, so that the efficiency of the photovoltaic energy storage device 1 can be improved, and The lower voltage drives the waveform generator 12, making it useful in applications where energy density is small, such as indoor photovoltaic energy applications.
此外，波形產生器12內之調制模組121包含至少一光敏電阻，此光敏電阻可以根據照射在光能轉換模組 11上之光線之光照度，改變其電阻值，以調制脈波122之週期，使光能轉換模組11能達到最大輸出功率，以提升光電儲能裝置1的效率。光能轉換模組11可為太陽能板，其係由光電材料所構成。一般而言，光電材料通常分為單晶光伏組件（Monocrystaline PV Module）及非晶光伏組件（Amorphous PV Module）等。In addition, the modulation module 121 in the waveform generator 12 includes at least one photoresistor. The photoresistor can change the resistance value according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the light energy conversion module 11 to modulate the period of the pulse wave 122. The light energy conversion module 11 can achieve the maximum output power to improve the efficiency of the photovoltaic energy storage device 1. The light energy conversion module 11 can be a solar panel, which is composed of a photovoltaic material. In general, photovoltaic materials are generally classified into Monocrystaline PV Modules and Amorphous PV Modules.
其中，太陽能板之電壓與電流輸出特性會隨著周圍環境與負載而產生變動。也就是說，太陽能板在每一個不同的溫度與光照度之操作環境下，均有著特定的工作曲線和最大功率操作點（Maximum Power Point，MPP）。為了要滿足此最大功率操作點，本發明採用了調制模組121來調整脈波122的週期。此調制模組121內包含至少一光敏電阻（Photo Sensitive Resistor），能夠隨著光照度的不同而改變其電阻值，進而改變波形產生器12輸出之脈波122的週期，使太陽能板的等效輸出阻抗滿足一最優化曲線，進而達到最大輸出功率，並有效地提升光電儲能裝置1的效率。Among them, the voltage and current output characteristics of the solar panel vary with the surrounding environment and load. In other words, the solar panel has a specific working curve and Maximum Power Point (MPP) in each operating environment with different temperature and illumination. In order to satisfy this maximum power operating point, the present invention employs a modulation module 121 to adjust the period of the pulse wave 122. The modulation module 121 includes at least one photoresistor (Photo Sensitive Resistor), which can change the resistance value according to the illuminance, thereby changing the period of the pulse wave 122 output by the waveform generator 12, so as to make the equivalent output of the solar panel. The impedance satisfies an optimization curve to achieve maximum output power and effectively increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic energy storage device 1.
請參閱第2圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之電路圖。如圖所示，光電儲能裝置2包含光能轉換模組20、週期性鋸齒波產生器21及電荷泵22。光能轉換模組20係作為電源，其包含有太陽能板SP1及SP2。週期性鋸齒波產生器21係輸出三角波，以控制電荷泵22之功率開關作動，其包含調制模組211、比較器Cmp、電阻R2、R3、電容C1及N型金氧半場效電晶體T1等。其中，調制模組211包含有電阻Rc、R1及光敏電阻Rph，可用於調制週期性鋸齒波產生器21輸出之鋸齒波之週期。電荷泵22係用於儲能及倍壓，其包含有二極體D1、D2、電容C2、C3、P型金氧半場效電晶體T2及N型金氧半場效電晶體T3等。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention. As shown, the photovoltaic energy storage device 2 includes a light energy conversion module 20, a periodic sawtooth generator 21, and a charge pump 22. The light energy conversion module 20 is a power source and includes solar panels SP1 and SP2. The periodic sawtooth generator 21 outputs a triangular wave to control the power switch operation of the charge pump 22, and includes a modulation module 211, a comparator Cmp, resistors R2 and R3, a capacitor C1, and an N-type MOS field-effect transistor T1. . The modulation module 211 includes resistors Rc and R1 and a photoresistor Rph, which can be used to modulate the period of the sawtooth wave output by the periodic sawtooth generator 21. The charge pump 22 is used for energy storage and voltage doubling, and includes a diode D1, D2, a capacitor C2, a C3, a P-type MOS field-effect transistor T2, and an N-type MOS field-effect transistor T3.
當太陽能板SP1接受到光照時，會將光能轉換為電能，並施加輸入電壓Vin於週期性鋸齒波產生器21，而隨著輸入電壓的提升，比較器Cmp之非反相輸入端V1的電壓也會提升，並同時對電容C1充電。而當V1大於參考電壓Vref時，比較器Cmp則輸出一正飽和電壓，此時V2為正，電晶體T1導通，使V2瞬間降為0，電壓V1下降至低於Vref，電容C1放電。此時，電晶體T1則會再度關閉，輸入電壓Vin會再次使V1的電壓提升，重覆上述的操作即可產生週期性鋸齒波。When the solar panel SP1 receives the illumination, the light energy is converted into electrical energy, and the input voltage Vin is applied to the periodic sawtooth generator 21, and as the input voltage increases, the non-inverting input terminal V1 of the comparator Cmp The voltage will also increase and charge capacitor C1 at the same time. When V1 is greater than the reference voltage Vref, the comparator Cmp outputs a positive saturation voltage. At this time, V2 is positive, the transistor T1 is turned on, the V2 is instantaneously lowered to 0, the voltage V1 is lowered to be lower than Vref, and the capacitor C1 is discharged. At this time, the transistor T1 is turned off again, and the input voltage Vin will raise the voltage of V1 again, and the above-mentioned operation can be repeated to generate a periodic sawtooth wave.
請一併參閱第3圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之脈波波形圖。如同上述，週期性鋸齒波產生器21可產生如第3圖所示之週期性鋸齒波，其中週期性鋸齒波之方程式如下：Please refer to FIG. 3 together, which is a pulse waveform diagram of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention. As described above, the periodic sawtooth generator 21 can generate a periodic sawtooth wave as shown in Fig. 3, wherein the equation of the periodic sawtooth wave is as follows:
V(t)=Vin*(t/τ)，τ=(R1/Rph)*C1 (1)V(t)=Vin*(t/τ), τ=(R1/Rph)*C1 (1)
其中，Vref為比較器Cmp之反相輸入端之參考電壓，週期性鋸齒波週期T=Ta+Tb，Ta>>Tb，Tb為比較器的延遲時間，Ton為週期性鋸齒波之高準位週期，Toff為週期性鋸齒波之低準位週期。Where Vref is the reference voltage of the inverting input terminal of the comparator Cmp, the periodic sawtooth period T=Ta+Tb, Ta>>Tb, Tb is the delay time of the comparator, and Ton is the high level of the periodic sawtooth wave. Cycle, Toff is the low level period of the periodic sawtooth wave.
電荷泵22則有儲能及倍壓的功用，當輸入之週期性鋸齒波位於高準位週期Ton時，週期性鋸齒波之電壓大於電晶體T3之門檻電壓Vth，電晶體T3導通，二極體D1導通，此時電容C2兩端的電位差則為Vin（Vin-0）。同樣的，當輸入之週期性鋸齒波位於低準位週期Ton時，電晶體T2導通，二極體D2導通，由於電容本身的特性，電容C2會維持兩端電位差的恆定。因此，此時電容C2兩端的電位差為仍然為Vin（2Vin-Vin），故在超級電容C3端的電壓可達到2Vin，因此可以達到倍壓的效果。The charge pump 22 has the function of energy storage and double voltage. When the input periodic sawtooth wave is located at the high level period Ton, the voltage of the periodic sawtooth wave is greater than the threshold voltage Vth of the transistor T3, and the transistor T3 is turned on, the pole The body D1 is turned on, and the potential difference across the capacitor C2 is Vin (Vin-0). Similarly, when the input periodic sawtooth wave is in the low-level period Ton, the transistor T2 is turned on, and the diode D2 is turned on. Due to the characteristics of the capacitor itself, the capacitor C2 maintains a constant potential difference between the two ends. Therefore, at this time, the potential difference between the capacitor C2 is still Vin (2Vin-Vin), so the voltage at the C3 end of the super capacitor can reach 2Vin, so the double voltage effect can be achieved.
值得一提的是，本發明在光電儲能裝置2中加入電荷泵22，不但能夠提升儲存於超級電容C3的電能，更能夠透過調節週期性鋸齒波的週期，來使太陽能板SP2達到最大輸出功率，因此效率優於習知技藝。另外，由於週期性鋸齒波產生器21電路複雜度較低，因此可以使用較少的電子元件來生產，除了成本較低外，也能夠以較低的電壓來驅動，因此非常適合使用於室外光能儲存等應用。It is worth mentioning that the present invention adds a charge pump 22 to the photovoltaic energy storage device 2, which not only can improve the electric energy stored in the super capacitor C3, but also can adjust the periodic sawtooth wave period to maximize the output of the solar panel SP2. Power, so efficiency is better than conventional techniques. In addition, since the periodic sawtooth wave generator 21 has a low circuit complexity, it can be produced using fewer electronic components, and can be driven at a lower voltage in addition to lower cost, so it is very suitable for outdoor light. Can store applications such as.
如同前述，太陽能板SP1及SP2在每一個不同的溫度與光照度之操作環境下，均有著特定的工作曲線和最大功率操作點。為了要滿足此最大功率操作點，本發明利用調制模組21中之光敏電阻Rph，來調制週期性鋸齒波之週期T，使太陽能板SP2之等效輸出阻抗與最佳效率之輸出阻抗一致。輸入電壓Vin在一週期內對電荷泵22的平均充電電流Iavg 約為：As mentioned above, solar panels SP1 and SP2 have specific operating curves and maximum power operating points for each of the different temperature and illuminance operating environments. In order to satisfy this maximum power operating point, the present invention utilizes the photoresistor Rph in the modulation module 21 to modulate the period T of the periodic sawtooth wave so that the equivalent output impedance of the solar panel SP2 coincides with the output impedance of the optimum efficiency. The average charging current I avg of the input voltage Vin to the charge pump 22 in a period is approximately:
Iavg =Vin*(C2/T) (2)I avg =Vin*(C2/T) (2)
因此，輸入電壓Vin 的輸出阻抗Rout 約為：Therefore, the output impedance R out of the input voltage V in is approximately:
Rout =T/C2 (3)R out =T/C2 (3)
三角波週期T可表示為：The triangular wave period T can be expressed as:
T=(Vref/Vin)*R1/Rph)*C1 (4)T=(Vref/Vin)*R1/Rph)*C1 (4)
因此，當照射在太陽能板SP1及SP2上之光線之光照度改變時，調整光敏電阻Rph即可使太陽能板SP2一直操作於一最優化曲線中，以提升其光電能轉換效率，使其輸出功率為最大。當然，本發明之光能轉換模組20可包含一個或一個以上之太陽能板，端視實際的需求而定，本發明並不以此為限。Therefore, when the illuminance of the light irradiated on the solar panels SP1 and SP2 is changed, adjusting the photoresistor Rph allows the solar panel SP2 to be operated in an optimization curve to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power thereof. maximum. Of course, the light energy conversion module 20 of the present invention may include one or more solar panels, depending on actual needs, and the invention is not limited thereto.
請參閱第4圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之太陽能板之特性曲線圖。如圖所示，當光照度改變時，太陽能板的輸出阻抗需要滿足圖中之最優化曲線41，為了達到這個目的，則必須調整輸入到電荷泵之三角波之週期。而習知技藝之光電儲存裝置則需要同時量測輸出電流及電壓，並計算最大功率輸出點，以調制電路之輸出阻抗來達到最大輸出功率。這種方式不但使光電儲存裝置之電路過於複雜，並且會消耗極大的功率，因此無法應用於能量密度較低的領域。而本發明採用簡單的光敏電阻，利用光敏電阻能夠隨著光照度的改變而調整其電阻的特性，就能夠達到與習知技藝完全相同的效果，因此電路之效率能夠提高。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a characteristic diagram of a solar panel according to a first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention. As shown, when the illuminance changes, the output impedance of the solar panel needs to satisfy the optimization curve 41 in the figure. To achieve this, the period of the triangular wave input to the charge pump must be adjusted. The optoelectronic storage device of the prior art requires simultaneous measurement of the output current and voltage, and calculation of the maximum power output point to modulate the output impedance of the circuit to achieve maximum output power. This method not only makes the circuit of the optoelectronic storage device too complicated, but also consumes a lot of power, so it cannot be applied to a field with low energy density. However, the present invention adopts a simple photoresistor, and the photoresistor can adjust the characteristics of the electric resistance as the illuminance changes, so that the same effect as the conventional technique can be achieved, and thus the efficiency of the circuit can be improved.
請一併參閱第5A及5B圖，其係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之一實施例之特性曲線圖。如第5A圖所示，太陽能板之輸出電壓及電流之乘積最大的操作點即為最大功率點。此時，太陽能板之輸出功率最大，因此其效率也最高，如第5B圖所示。Please refer to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B together, which is a characteristic diagram of an embodiment of the photoelectric energy storage device of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5A, the operating point at which the product of the output voltage and current of the solar panel is the largest is the maximum power point. At this time, the solar panel has the largest output power, so its efficiency is also the highest, as shown in Fig. 5B.
請參閱第6圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之應用範圍示意圖。如圖所示，本發明之光電儲能裝置與各種換流器搭配即可以取代一般電子產品的直流充電器或交流充電器。例如，作為數位相機、手機及捕蚊拍等產品之充電器。當然，本發明之光電儲能裝置也可以直接作為電源。例如，作為血壓計或電動刮鬍刀等產品之電源。因此，本發明有很高的實用性。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the application range of the photoelectric energy storage device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the photoelectric energy storage device of the present invention can replace the DC charger or the AC charger of a general electronic product in combination with various inverters. For example, as a charger for digital cameras, mobile phones, and mosquito swatters. Of course, the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention can also be directly used as a power source. For example, as a power source for products such as sphygmomanometers or electric razors. Therefore, the present invention has high practicality.
請參閱第7圖，係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之流程圖。Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
在步驟S71中，利用兩個獨立的太陽能板將光能轉換為電能，並分別輸入電能至週期性鋸齒波產生器及電荷泵。In step S71, the two separate solar panels are used to convert the light energy into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is input to the periodic sawtooth generator and the charge pump, respectively.
在步驟S72中，由週期性鋸齒波產生器接收太陽能板之輸入電壓以產生週期性鋸齒波，並驅動電流泵。In step S72, the input voltage of the solar panel is received by the periodic sawtooth generator to generate a periodic sawtooth wave and drive the current pump.
在步驟S73中，藉由電荷泵接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓及週期性鋸齒波，並提升輸入電壓，再將能量儲存於超級電容。In step S73, the input voltage and the periodic sawtooth wave of the light energy conversion module are received by the charge pump, and the input voltage is raised, and the energy is stored in the super capacitor.
在步驟S74中，藉由調制模組根據照射在太陽能上之光線之光照度，改變調制模組內之光敏電阻之電阻值，以調制週期性鋸齒波之週期，使太陽能板之輸出阻抗滿足一最優化曲線，進而達到最大輸出功率。In step S74, the modulation module changes the resistance value of the photoresistor in the modulation module according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the solar energy to modulate the period of the periodic sawtooth wave, so that the output impedance of the solar panel satisfies one of the most Optimize the curve to achieve maximum output power.
儘管前述在說明本發明之光電儲能裝置的過程中，亦已同時說明本發明之光電儲能控制方法的概念，但為求清楚起見，以下仍另繪示流程圖詳細說明。Although the foregoing concept of the photovoltaic energy storage control method of the present invention has been described in the foregoing description of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention, for the sake of clarity, a detailed description of the flowchart will be further described below.
請參閱第8圖，係為本發明之光電儲能控制方法之流程圖。Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a flow chart of the photoelectric energy storage control method of the present invention.
在步驟S81中，藉由一光能轉換模組將光能轉換成電能。In step S81, the light energy is converted into electrical energy by a light energy conversion module.
在步驟S82中，利用波形產生器接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓，並產生脈波，並以脈波驅動電荷泵。In step S82, the input voltage of the light energy conversion module is received by the waveform generator, and a pulse wave is generated, and the charge pump is driven by the pulse wave.
在步驟S83中，由電荷泵接收光能轉換模組之輸入電壓及脈波，並執行充電程序，提升輸入電壓，再將能量儲存於外部之電容。In step S83, the input voltage and the pulse wave of the light energy conversion module are received by the charge pump, and a charging process is performed to increase the input voltage, and then the energy is stored in an external capacitor.
在步驟S84中，利用波形產生器根據照射在光能轉換模組上之光線之光照度，調整脈波之週期，使光能轉換模組達到最大輸出功率。In step S84, the waveform generator is used to adjust the period of the pulse wave according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the light energy conversion module, so that the light energy conversion module reaches the maximum output power.
本發明之光電儲能控制方法的詳細說明以及實施方式已於前面敘述本發明之光電儲能裝置時描述過，在此為了簡略說明便不再敘述。The detailed description and embodiments of the photovoltaic energy storage control method of the present invention have been described above in connection with the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention, and will not be described here for the sake of brevity.
綜上所述，本發明之光電儲能裝置，可以根據照射在太陽能板上之光線之光照度，改變光敏電阻之電阻值，使光能轉換模組達到最大輸出功率，因此有很高的效率。本發明之光電儲能裝置係採用週期性鋸齒波作為驅動電荷泵之脈波，因此可簡化光電儲能裝置之電路，使產品製作成本降低。本發明之光電儲能裝置能達到很高的效率，因此能夠使用在室內光電能等能量密度較小的領域。光電儲能裝置可以用於代替大部份電子產品之電源及充電器，因此有很高的實用性。因此，本發明確實能夠改善習知技藝之缺點。In summary, the photoelectric energy storage device of the present invention can change the resistance value of the photoresistor according to the illuminance of the light irradiated on the solar panel, so that the light energy conversion module reaches the maximum output power, and thus has high efficiency. The photoelectric energy storage device of the invention adopts a periodic sawtooth wave as a pulse wave for driving the charge pump, thereby simplifying the circuit of the photoelectric energy storage device and reducing the production cost of the product. The photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention can achieve high efficiency, and thus can be used in a field where the energy density such as indoor photovoltaic energy is small. The photoelectric energy storage device can be used to replace the power source and charger of most electronic products, so it has high practicability. Thus, the present invention is indeed capable of improving the shortcomings of the prior art.
以上所述僅為舉例性，而非為限制性者。任何未脫離本發明之精神與範疇，而對其進行之等效修改或變更，均應包含於後附之申請專利範圍中。
The above is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
1、2．．．光電儲能裝置1, 2. . . Photoelectric energy storage device
10．．．光源10. . . light source
11、20．．．光能轉換模組11, 20. . . Light energy conversion module
111．．．電能111. . . Electric energy
12．．．波形產生器12. . . Waveform generator
122．．．脈波122. . . Pulse wave
131．．．充電程序131. . . Charging procedure
21．．．三角波產生器twenty one. . . Triangle wave generator
13、22．．．電荷泵13,22. . . Charge pump
121、211．．．調制模組121, 211. . . Modulation module
41．．．最優化曲線41. . . Optimization curve
SP1、SP2．．．太陽能板SP1, SP2. . . Solar panels
Cmp．．．比較器Cmp. . . Comparators
T1~T3．．．電晶體T1~T3. . . Transistor
V1、V2、Vin、Vref、Vth．．．電壓V1, V2, Vin, Vref, Vth. . . Voltage
R1~R3、Rc．．．電阻R1~R3, Rc. . . resistance
Rph．．．光敏電阻Rph. . . Photoresistance
C、C1~C3．．．電容C, C1~C3. . . capacitance
D1、D2．．．二極體D1, D2. . . Dipole
T、Ta、Tb、Ton、Toff．．．週期T, Ta, Tb, Ton, Toff. . . cycle
S71~S74、S81~S84．．．步驟流程S71~S74, S81~S84. . . Step flow
第1圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之方塊圖。
第2圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之電路圖。
第3圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之脈波波形圖。
第4圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之太陽能板之特性曲線圖。
第5A及5B圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之太陽能板之特性曲線圖。
第6圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之應用範圍示意圖。
第7圖係為本發明之光電儲能裝置之第一實施例之流程圖。
第8圖係為本發明之光電儲能控制方法之流程圖。
Figure 1 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of the pulse wave of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a characteristic diagram of a solar panel of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
5A and 5B are characteristic curves of the solar panel of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the application range of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the photovoltaic energy storage device of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a flow chart of the photoelectric energy storage control method of the present invention.
2．．．光電儲能裝置2. . . Photoelectric energy storage device
20．．．光能轉換模組20. . . Light energy conversion module
21．．．三角波產生器twenty one. . . Triangle wave generator
22．．．電荷泵twenty two. . . Charge pump
211．．．調制模組211. . . Modulation module
SP1、SP2．．．太陽能板SP1, SP2. . . Solar panels
Cmp．．．比較器Cmp. . . Comparators
T1~T3．．．電晶體T1~T3. . . Transistor
V1、V2、Vin、Vref．．．電壓V1, V2, Vin, Vref. . . Voltage
R1~R3、Rc．．．電阻R1~R3, Rc. . . resistance
Rph．．．光敏電阻Rph. . . Photoresistance
C、C1~C3．．．電容C, C1~C3. . . capacitance
D1、D2．．．二極體D1, D2. . . Dipole
Claims (9)
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| CN1052119C (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 2000-05-03 | 戈尔登，杰尼西斯公司 | Method and facility for photovoltage electrical power distribution |
| TW200812190A (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-03-01 | Ultracap Technologies Corp | High efficiency energy storage and driving apparatus |
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| CN1052119C (en) * | 1994-09-23 | 2000-05-03 | 戈尔登，杰尼西斯公司 | Method and facility for photovoltage electrical power distribution |
| TW200812190A (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-03-01 | Ultracap Technologies Corp | High efficiency energy storage and driving apparatus |
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