TWI393456B - 用於產生通道分配以降低干擾及增加無線網路容量之系統及方法 - Google Patents

用於產生通道分配以降低干擾及增加無線網路容量之系統及方法 Download PDF

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TWI393456B
TWI393456B TW095122305A TW95122305A TWI393456B TW I393456 B TWI393456 B TW I393456B TW 095122305 A TW095122305 A TW 095122305A TW 95122305 A TW95122305 A TW 95122305A TW I393456 B TWI393456 B TW I393456B
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cell
channels
channel
allocation
signal strength
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TW200708163A (en
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Douglas O Reudink
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Microsoft Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H04J11/0026—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference
    • H04J11/003—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference at the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H04J11/005—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of intercell interference
    • H04J11/0056—Inter-base station aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0073—Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

用於產生通道分配以降低干擾及增加無線網路容量之系統及方法
本發明係關於無線網路通道分配，且更明確地說係關於用於以一方式產生該等分配以降低干擾及增加無線網路容量之系統及方法。
在無線系統中，通常需要在每一小區(Cell)中使用所有通道(或所有配置頻譜)。該等系統被稱為N=l之再用系統。在該等系統中行動台(MS)在相同通道上可能接收來自兩個基地台(BS)之等功率訊號。
解決此問題之當前方法包括CDMA，在CDMA中不同編碼經由不同之BS傳輸且視展頻因子而定，訊號可自干擾擷取，具有更大可靠性。不幸地，在該等系統中，展頻正比例地降低了總通量。
另一解決方案涉及跳頻。在此種狀況下，BS隨機選擇通道以發送至MS且若僅使用幾個行動台，則可使得碰撞之機會較小，因為每一通道僅被使用一小部分時間。然而，隨著負載(增加的MS)增加，碰撞之可能性增加，直到在每一情況下每一BS碰撞上出現100%之可能使用者。歸因於每一瞬時產生之干擾的損害視干擾BS之瞬間傳輸器功率及MS與其個別BS之相對距離而定。
揭示了一藉由降低碰撞來改良無線系統容量之系統及方法，其中訊號干擾比(SIR)在具有1之通道再用率之系統中 較高。藉由根據一圖案(諸如，根據自BS之距離)明智地在干擾小區之每一者中分配(排列)通道分配，MS將以一方式在相同通道上配對以降低其間之干擾。第二步驟為視情況控制BS及MS傳輸器之功率以進一步最優化使用者容量或降低干擾。
在一實施例中，此明智分配藉由在一小區中分配MS而完成，以使得具有最強訊號之MS分配有通道A，而在干擾小區中，具有最弱訊號之MS分配至通道A。在另一實施例中，某些較佳MS分配有無干擾通道或與較弱干擾MS配對之通道。
前述內容已相當廣泛地概述了本發明之特徵及技術優勢，以便更好地理解以下之本發明的實施方式。形成本發明之申請專利範圍之主題的本發明之額外特徵及優勢將在下文中得以描述。熟習此項技術者應瞭解所揭示之概念及具體實施例易於被利用作為修改或設計用於實現本發明之相同目的之其他結構的基礎。熟習此項技術者亦應認識到該等等效構造並未偏離如在隨附申請專利範圍中所陳述之本發明的精神及範疇。被認為係本發明之特性、關於其組織及操作方法兩者之新穎特徵連同進一步之目的及優勢將自以下描述在結合附圖考慮時更好地得到理解。然而，應清楚地瞭解提供該等圖式之每一者僅出於說明及描述之目的而並非意欲作為對本發明之限制之界定。
圖1展示一實施例10，其中BS1產生用於自最近(最強之 功率位準)至最遠(最弱之功率位準)之MS的通道分配，而BS2產生用於自最遠(最弱之功率位準)至最近(最強之功率位準)之MS的通道分配。該分配圖案展示在圖2中。
使用此通道分配，在小區1中具有一較強訊號之圖案MS1-A(1)分配有通道A。在小區2中處於小區2之邊緣且具有一來自BS2之相對弱之訊號的MS7分配有通道A。此分配避免了MS3及MS7在相同通道上配對之情形。若彼情況發生，則用於傳輸之S~I在自BS至MS及自MS至BS之每一方向上產生較高之干擾。
每一BS不時可產生新之通道分配以使得在大多數情況下，即使該等MS正在移動，其仍根據其相對強度而得以分配。
可以其他方式進行明智分配以獲得不同之目的。舉例而言，可將一些MS命名為較佳使用者，以使得該較佳使用者將總是與每一情況下最弱之干擾配對。舉例而言，若MS4為較佳使用者，則其將與在圖1之實例中之MS7配對。
另一目的可為提供最大容量至特殊使用者。在該情況下，可對使用者保證一無干擾通道或使用者可與在另一小區中之最弱使用者配對。
另一目的可為藉由使一BS及/或選定MS用降低之功率以較低速率傳輸來降低干擾。
本文中所論述之策略可在沒有干擾BS處之訊號及干擾的先前知識的情況下於每一BS處實施。一替代例將為能夠存取所有MS之訊號位準及干擾位準之集中控制器且其接著 實施集中策略，從而最大化整個網路之容量。原則上，電腦可評估每一可能之配對組合且自諸如最大網路容量或最小高干擾條件之所要結果進行選擇。
圖3展示如圖2中所展示之干擾BS處與低至高(曲線303)配對之高至低排序之模擬30。曲線301、302及303表示三種策略之容量分佈。舉例而言，在25%點處，此意謂所有使用者之75%分別享有超過4、3及2.5 BPH之容量。或相反地來看，所有使用者之25%具有小於4、3及2.5 BPH之容量。使用16個副載波之結果展示增加之頻寬(理論容量)，意即，經由優先通道分配方法(曲線301)或隨機分配(曲線302)顯著降低了大量使用者之高干擾事件，在兩個干擾小區中均使用100%通道。請注意使用優先配對(其可為用於選擇MS數目之額外收費服務)可獲得一更高之容量(曲線301)，但用於更低數目之MS。
舉例而言，曲線302展示一典型OFDMA系統，在該系統中個別MS分配有所有可用副載波之一子集。在一典型傳輸槽中，BS可具有可用之16、32或更多之子通道。子通道通常具有若干副載波，每一者載運獨立資訊。通常，基於先來先服務將該等子通道分配給行動使用者，該等使用者隨機分佈於其個別小區中。
舉例而言，可改變如上所述使用曲線303之每5個MS的配對以確保在小區1中最強台保持在通道A上，而最弱台保持在通道D上，同時在小區2中最弱台保持在通道A上，而最強台保持在通道D上。可使用任意適當量度界定最強， 只要潛在干擾小區同意該量度。一實例將使用高訊號干擾比(SIR)作為強度之量測。
使用優先分配小區1將維持(比方說)第一5-10%之通道打開以分配給較佳使用者，且將維持最後5-10%之通道空閒。小區2相反，意即維持其第一5-10%之通道空閒且分配其較佳用戶至該最後5-10%之通道。又，可確定較佳使用者總是獲得來自於另一個小區之最弱干擾，如上所論述。曲線301模擬較佳使用者與最弱干擾(隨機位置處之16個中最弱之一個)配對之情況。
圖4展示用於在一無線系統中分配通道之一方法之一實施例40。過程401控制來自MS(使用者)之服務請求且過程402視情況判定請求使用者是否為較佳使用者。若其係，則過程403根據服務類別或視與使用者之契約排列而定之MS之其他識別特徵而分配一通道。
若該請求使用者非較佳使用者，則接著過程404判定相對訊號強度(如上所討論)且過程405(遵循圖2中所示之分配圖案)結合過程406、407、408及409分配一適當通道，其經檢查以確保不禁止對某些通道之使用(舉例而言，若某些通道保持為空閒，則所發生的使用)。
過程410不時控制通道分配之重新分配以確保(至少一般來說)保持由圖2所確定之圖案。
在一實施例中，配置頻譜被劃分為通道。通道界定為一指定時間週期使用之配置頻譜之一部分(可能係全部)。該發明概念應用於FDMA、TDMA、TD-CDMA、OFDMA或 其組合。
請注意BS之容量或某些MS之容量可藉由交換用於通量(容量)之功率而增加或降低。一簡單實例：若使用者需要較少之容量，則降低功率並改變調變率。
C=log2 (1+S/N+1)。將S降低至1/4S則新的C=1/2舊的C。將S增加至4S則新的C加倍。
此為一折衷。每一次BS降低功率，其幫助鄰近之小區，但若其增加功率至某MS則其導致更多之干擾。然而，若功率增加之通道為保留集合中之部分，則其沒有關係。
雖然本發明及其之優勢已得到詳細地描述，但應瞭解在不偏離由隨附申請專利範圍所界定之本發明之精神及範疇的情況下，可在本文中進行各種改變、替代及變化。此外，本申請案之範疇並非意欲限於說明書中所描述之過程、機器、製造、物質組合、構件、方法及步驟之特殊實施例。由於一般熟習此項技術者將自本發明之揭示內容易於理解本發明，因此根據本發明可利用當前現有或稍後待開發之可執行與本文所描述之相應實施例大體上相同之功能或達成與本文所描述之相應實施例大體上相同之結果的過程、機器、製造、物質組合、構件、方法或步驟。因此，隨附申請專利範圍意欲將此等過程、機器、製造、物質組合、構件、方法或步驟包括於其範疇內。
BS‧‧‧基地台
Cell‧‧‧小區
MS‧‧‧行動台
圖1展示根據一圖案排列之無線小區之一實施例；圖2展示一分配圖案； 圖3展示用於隨機及明智通道分配之理論容量分佈之一模擬；及圖4展示用於分配通道之一演算法之一實施例。

Claims (17)

  1. 一種用於在一無線系統中分配通道之方法，該方法包含：在一給定的時間點於干擾小區中判定每一該小區中之哪些行動台MS正以最高訊號強度通信；及基於該判定之訊號強度分配通道至該等MS；其中該分配包含：在該等小區之一者中產生該通道分配，以使得具有最高信號強度之一MS被分配有一特殊通道，且在該干擾小區中，該分配為具有最低信號強度之一MS被分配有該特殊通道。
  2. 一種用於在一無線系統中分配通道之方法，該方法包含：在一給定的時間點於干擾小區中判定每一該小區中之哪些行動台MS正以最高訊號強度通信；及基於該判定之訊號強度分配通道至該等MS，在該等小區之一者中產生該通道分配，以使得對應至優先的使用者之MS經分配至某些通道且在該干擾小區中該等某些通道得到保留。
  3. 如請求項2之方法，其中該等保留通道係保持在至少一個小區中而沒有任何MS分配。
  4. 如請求項3之方法，其中該等保留通道限於某一功率位準。
  5. 如請求項2之方法，其中具有最弱接收器功率之該等經 判定MS經分配至該等保留通道。
  6. 如請求項2之方法，其中對應至優先的使用者之MS配置有額外之傳輸功率。
  7. 一種分配通道至行動台MS之方法，該方法包含：在一對潛在干擾小區中，建立通道之一分配次序，以使得相對於每一小區中之一有序系列通道，一第一小區將根據一特殊分配模式分配MS至通道，而在該等小區之第二者中之分配將以該第一小區中之分配的鏡像加以進行，其中該特殊分配模式相對於該第一小區係依處於最強至最弱訊號強度之次序，且該第二小區中該通道分配相對於相同之有序系列通道係依處於最弱至最強的次序。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，其進一步包含：在每一小區中以一週期為基礎產生一MS訊號強度之判定；及根據每一該判定產生該MS訊號之該分配。
  9. 如請求項8之方法，其中該週期基礎為5個MS。
  10. 如請求項8之方法，其中該週期基礎為10個MS。
  11. 如請求項7之方法，其中該特殊分配模式使得該第一小區中之該等有序通道之一第一組通道經保留用於特殊MS，且該第二小區中之該等有序通道之最後一組通道經保留用於該特殊MS。
  12. 如請求項11之方法，其中該第二小區中之該等有序通道之該第一組通道經保留用於最弱訊號強度接收器。
  13. 如請求項12之方法，其進一步包含：在每一小區中以一週期為基礎產生一MS訊號接收訊號強度之判定；及根據每一該判定產生該MS之該分配。
  14. 如請求項7之方法，其進一步包含：不時改變基地台BS相對於某些MS之功率位準。
  15. 一種無線系統，其包含：至少兩個基地台BS，每一者界定一小區，該BS使用一N=l重複模式，其中N為通道再利用率；用於判定與每一該BS通信之行動台MS之相關訊號強度的構件；及用於根據一模式分配MS之構件，該模式經設計以最小化使用相同通道之該等小區之每一者中之MS之間的干擾；以及用於分配一次序至在每一該小區中之該等通道的構件，以使得在一小區中最弱訊號強度之MS自該通道次序之一端加以分配且最強訊號強度之MS自該通道次序之另一端加以分配。
  16. 如請求項15之無線系統，其進一步包含：用於標出該等MS之某些為對應至優先的使用者之MS之構件；及用於使在該等小區之一者中之對應至優先的使用者之MS與該等小區之另一者中之較弱訊號強度MS配對之構件。
  17. 如請求項16之無線系統，其進一步包含：不時可操作用於修改一BS與一或多個MS之間之功率位準以最優化跨越該等小區之兩者之容量的構件。
TW095122305A 2005-06-30 2006-06-21 用於產生通道分配以降低干擾及增加無線網路容量之系統及方法 TWI393456B (zh)

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