TWI358214B - Multi-antenna transmission for spatial division mu - Google Patents

Description

1358214 IX. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to data communication, and more particularly to spatial division multiple access (SDMA) in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system ) Multiple antenna transmissions. [Prior Art] The ΜΙΜΟ system uses two transmit antennas and multiple (eight) receive antennas for the (four) input. - A mIM (10) channel consisting of a transmitting antenna and a 34 receiving antenna can be decomposed to recognize a spatial channel, where horse}. This spatial channel can be used to launch a separate data stream for a larger total throughput. In a multiple access system, an access point can communicate with one or more user terminals at any given time. If the access point is in communication with a single user terminal, the horse-transmitting antennas are associated with a transmitting entity (single access point or the user's final sister _ 仉 H) and the horses The receiving antennas are associated with a receiving entity (the user terminal or the access point). The access point can also be simultaneously communicated with a plurality of user terminals by SDMA. For deleting AM, accessing (4) rural antenna materials (4) transmitting and receiving, and each of these user terminals usually uses one antenna for data transmission and multiple antennas for data reception. For the multi-input system, ςλλ/Γ Λ t 杻1m 糸, 克十之 SDMA, some key -== positive two user terminal group for simultaneous transmission and (7) terminal and /: self In the same way, Guangxu transmits data to each selected user 4 and or from a selected user terminal. Therefore, a technique is needed in this 97550.doc 1358214 technique to effectively support SDMA for multiple-input mim〇 systems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Techniques for performing SDMA multi-antenna transmission in a deduplication system are set forth herein. These techniques can be used in combination with various wireless technologies such as: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (〇FDM), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and materials. For uplink transmissions from multiple user terminals to a single-access point, an uplink channel channel f matrix is obtained for each active user terminal (eg, a terminal desiring to transmit on the uplink) And decomposed to obtain a steering vector corresponding to the user terminal. If selected for uplink transmission, each user terminal uses its steering vector for spatial processing to transmit on the uplink. For each user terminal, an "effective" channel response vector is formed according to the steering vector and the uplink channel response matrix corresponding to the user terminal. For each scheduling interval (eg, each time slot), the user terminal 'is determined according to the effective channel response vector (or its channel response matrix) of each active user terminal to determine the optimal group of user terminals. For the case of uplink transmission in the scheduling interval, the user group with the highest total throughput can be selected. In fact, as described below, a set of "spatially compatible" user terminals are simultaneously transmitted on the uplink using the space stamp of the user terminal and multi-user diversity. In the non-interval interval, the same or a different number of user terminal link transmissions can be selected.埯仃上仃 97550.doc 1358214 Each user terminal selected for uplink transmission processes its data stream according to a basic wireless technology (e.g., CDMA, OFDM, or TDMA) to obtain a data symbol stream. Each user terminal further performs spatial processing on its data symbol stream using its index vector to obtain a set of transmitted symbol streams, wherein each antenna at the user terminal corresponds to a transmitted symbol stream. Each user terminal then transmits its transmitted symbol stream from its multiple antennas via its channel to the access point. The selected user terminals simultaneously transmit their data symbol streams (e.g., each terminal corresponds to a data symbol stream) to their access points via their respective channels. The access point obtains a plurality of received symbol streams from its plurality of antennas. The access point then performs receiver spatial processing on the received symbol streams in accordance with a linear or non-linear receiver spatial processing technique to recover the data symbol streams transmitted by the selected user terminals , as described below. The present invention also describes techniques for supporting SDMA transmissions on the downlink. Various aspects and embodiments of the invention are set forth in more detail below. [Embodiment] The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance or instance." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily considered to be preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The multi-antenna transmission techniques described herein can be used in combination with various wireless technologies such as CDMA, OFDM, TDMA, and the like. Multiple user terminals can simultaneously be different by (1) orthogonal code channel (for CDMA), (2) time slot (for TDMA), or (3) sub-band (for OFDM) Transmit/receive data. The CDMA system may implement IS-2000 ' IS-95 ' IS-856 ' wide 97550.doc 1358214 frequency-CDMA (W-CDMA), or some other standard. The TDMA system can implement GSM or some other standard. These different standards are well known in the art. As described below, the spatial processing of multi-antenna transmissions can be implemented immediately before (or after) the data processing of the underlying wireless technology. Figure 1 shows a multiple access system (10) having a number of access points and a number of user terminals. For the sake of simplicity, only one access point 显示 is shown in the figure. An access point is typically a fixed station that communicates with a number of user terminals, and may also be referred to as a base station or some other terminology. The user terminal can be either fixed or mobile and can also be referred to as a mobile station, a wireless device, or a certain terminology. Access point m can communicate with - or multiple user terminals 120 on the downlink and uplink links at any given time. The downlink (ie, the forward link) is the communication link from the access point to the user terminal, and the uplink key. Mountain link) is the communication key from the user terminal to the access point. The terminal can also communicate peer-to-peer with the other user terminal. Controller 1 30 is coupled to the 16 1 system, first controlled. Finding access points and providing coordination and systems for the access points (10) using multiple transmit antennas: data transmission on the uplink. Access point u = ^ : key ::: two lines ::: round" for multiple one = terminal (2) for heart line:: Π) same generation, one selected user uplink transmission, 5 for eve round Out, for words, if the temple is represented by multiple inputs, for pure _ 入 ～ ～ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ - From, then expect to make 97550.doc 1358214. If the CDMA can use different code channels, use contiguous sub-band sets in OFDM, etc., the data symbol streams can be multiplexed to be greater than the sense p. Each selected user terminal transmits user specific data to the access point and/or receives user specific data from the access point. In general, each selected user terminal can be equipped with one or more antennas (i.e., 1). The AM-fixed user terminals may have the same or different number of antennas. System 1 can be a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system. For a TDD system, the downlink and the uplink share the same frequency band. For FDD systems, the downlink and the uplink use different frequency bands. The M_ system can also be transmitted using a single carrier or multiple carriers. For the sake of brevity, it is assumed in the following description that (1) system 1 is a single carrier system and (2) each user terminal is equipped with multiple antennas. For the sake of clarity, the data transmission on the uplink is explained below. - The uplink MIM channel formed by the ~ antenna at the access point and the 四 (four) antennas of a given user terminal can be characterized by a WX ratio channel response matrix, which is: ώ J 衣 J 衣不为· K, K' A] 2 · A22... • * • « ·*· where the element side (where ί -1 ... equation (1) π and y -1 ... I, w) is the #人f ... coupling (ie, complex gain) between the user access and the user terminal antenna y. For the sake of simplicity, the MW0 channel is a non-discrete (ie flat fading) channel and the coupling σ between the antenna and the receiving antenna pair is represented by the “early-complex gain”. In addition, the parent-user terminal is associated with an imaginary uplink channel plastic matrix, the number of antennas at the uplink gastric user terminal. (4) Depending on the upstream wire corresponding to the user terminal w, the material (U) is “diagonalized” by singular value decomposition or eigenvalue decomposition to obtain a characteristic model cancer. The singular value decomposition of 叩m can be expressed as: Ηκρ,ηι—upjn^upjn^Lupjn y ^ Equation (2) ”LLp is Jiang Yan", the left eigenvector of the #特征 Λ^ order positive matrix; ^, "It is the U-order diagonal matrix of the U singular value; it is the ^uu positive matrix of the U right eigenvector; and "w" means the total vehicle transpose. The positive matrix _ is characterized by the property Μ"Μ=ί, where i is the identity matrix. A positive matrix makes each row orthogonal to each other. The eigenvalue decomposition of the correlation matrix of ILp,", can be expressed as ··δΗρΛ =Χιν,»ιΔν,η ' Equation (3) where Βα/ρ,«, is iLp,,«, A^,,w X ; V„, order correlation matrix; and «, for the heart, „the eigenvalue of the 7\^, w X-order diagonal matrix. Singular value decomposition and eigenvalue decomposition are known in the art and (for example, 5) are described by Gilbert Strang in "Linear Algebra and Its Applications (^^

Algebra and Its Applications) (Second Edition, Academic Press, 1980). As shown in equations (2) and (3), the right features of each row 艮〃"" are toward the characteristics of 97550.doc 1358214 2 (9). The right feature vector is also called "guide". ° ° can be used by the user terminal (7) for spatial processing 4 ± ^ At, human society kluP, m ... launch data. These characteristic modes can be regarded as orthogonal spatial channels obtained by decomposition. The diagonal matrix 匕" contains non-negative zero values along the diagonal and zeros at other locations. These diagonal elements are called singular values of ^, which represent the channel gains corresponding to the U1 eigenmodes. The value is also the square root of the m eigenvalue. The singular values of u can be ordered from the largest to the most J, and the eigenvectors can be ordered accordingly. The main (ie main) eigenstates and the largest singular value of u (the ordering The first singular value is associated with the characteristic modality. The characteristic of the main eigenmode corresponding to iL" is 1 in the first row of the sorted U, and is marked as ~〆 in an actual system, only Obtain the estimated value of iL_, and only derive, 1_ and ILP, „^ estimates. For the sake of simplicity, in this description, the false channel estimation and decomposition are error-free. For SDMA, 'αγ„ρ The user terminal can simultaneously transmit data to the access point on the uplink key. Each user terminal can perform spatial processing on its data using a steering vector. The steering vector can (1) according to a feature vector W or (2) corresponding to a dominant modality of a wireless channel of the terminal. Method Derivation "Each user terminal in each of the user terminals can cause the "beam shaping" or "beam steering" to transmit data on the main characteristic mode of its uplink key channel as described below. 1. Beamforming For beamforming, 'per-user terminal m' is used as follows: 97550.doc • 12- 1358214 Its steering vector is used to process its data symbol stream to obtain a stream of transmitted symbols: ^up^ n ~lup^ 'SuPtm , j # A (4 ) where is the data symbol to be transmitted by the user terminal W; and ZLup, m is a series of eight ί, / η X 1 dimensional vector, which has a user terminal The transmitted symbol sent by the AUm antenna at w. The term "data symbol" as used herein refers to a data modulation symbol, and "introduction symbol" refers to a derivative symbol. Although not shown in equation (4) for simplicity, each user terminal w may further use a scaling factor to scale the vector Lp, » each of the transmitted symbols, So that the total energy of the transmitted symbols is 1 or some other selected value. Each user terminal W transmits its 7#^, „ transmit symbol stream to the access point by its uplink channel. At the access point, the obtained corresponding to each user terminal m The receiving symbol can be expressed as: —up,m Βιιρ,ιιι ~^-vp^nY.upim^upj7i ^Bup^n ~—up^ff^n^up^n ιψ^ι Equation (5) where is an x a 1-dimensional vector having a received symbol obtained from an access point antenna corresponding to the user terminal m; kup, e//,, « is an x 1st "valid" uplink key corresponding to the user terminal The channel channel response vector, which is = ; and bp, m is a 7Vap X 1 -dimensional noise vector corresponding to the user terminal. The spatial processing performed by each user terminal W effectively transforms its channel having a channel response matrix ILp into a single input multiple output (SIMO) channel having a channel response vector. 97550.doc -13- 1358214 The receiving symbol at the access point corresponding to all tamping simultaneously transmitting user terminals can be expressed as: ~=iW W | '令- m 1 , equation (6) has such User end fP = [*%, 1 ', 2, ~Γ;

Where is an A^p X 1 -dimensional vector, and its Ip data symbols are transmitted at the end, which is I

Rup.eff is a pair of vines in all effective uplink channel response matrices. The Ναρ X Nup order of a user terminal has BL; ^ = [^^, 丨心 suppressed, and 叮 叮 is the access point _ 1D noise vector at the location. The access point may use various receiver processing techniques, such as the following, to recover the Ip data symbol streams transmitted by the user terminals: Channel Correlation Matrix Inversion (CCMI) technology (which is also commonly referred to as a zero-forcing technique). , Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) techniques, Sequential Interference Cancellation (SIC) techniques, and more. A. CCMI spatial processing For CCMI technology, the access point can perform receiver spatial processing as follows: ~ B.up^ (S.up, eff 5»p + BUp ), Ί, equation (7) where one corresponds to CCMI The XA^a/J-order spatial filtering matrix of the technique, which is n 二二#, where; is an X 1 -dimensional vector 'which has a recovered data symbol corresponding to a user terminal when using CCMI technology; Filtered noise for CCMI. For the sake of simplicity, the noise is assumed to be an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) with zero mean, one side difference 97550.doc -14- θ, and one autocovariance matrix, five of which are the expected values of X . In this case, the signal-to-noise and interference ratio (SNR) corresponding to the recovered data symbol stream of each user terminal can be expressed as: where =1..., equation (8) The user "μ« is the transmission power used by the user terminal w; 7' is the diagonal element of the brother Rj<p,e//·;

Yccmi, '" is the snR of the user terminal when using CCMI technology. Due to ^», e// structure 'CC ΜI technology can amplify noise. B. MMSE spatial processing for MMSE technology, export a spatial filter program The matrix is derived in such a way that the mean square error between the data vector estimated from the MMSE spatial data program and the data vector is minimized. The MMSE criterion can be expressed as: g^[(M 刚心ΆΜ崎 rn)] ' Equation (9) where _ is the X-order spatial filter matrix corresponding to the MMSE technique. The optimization problem solution proposed in equation (9) can be obtained in various ways. In an exemplary method, The MMSE space wave matrix is derived as follows: = Η^ρ, ς^+〇: J] ·]. γ, equation (10) The spatial filter matrix contains columns, which correspond to These #„p user terminal jacks scare an MMSE spatial filter program column vector. The MMSE spatial filter program corresponding to each user terminal is listed as 9755 〇, d〇c -15 - 1358214 虿 can be expressed as о_ = S ^ ^, where e = two + <1 wide. The access point performs receiver spatial processing as follows:

Equation (11) /, D"_se is an XW«p-order diagonal matrix whose diagonal elements are diagonal elements, ie fi_=diag; 曰 is a M-dimensional recovered data corresponding to MMSE technology The symbol is inward, and 2TM „«=Μ,, sup MMSE has chopped noise. In equation (U), the MMSE space program provides an unnormalized estimate of ~ and is provided by the conversion of the diagonal matrix. The normalized estimate of & corresponds to the recovered data symbol stream for each user terminal> iti/7U6, nt y SNR can be expressed as: where w = l... Equation (12) and sentence mm - Uhnmse, % means ie,, " is the W2SNR of each user terminal in the MMSE technology. C. Sequential Interference Cancellation Space Processing Access Points can use SIC techniques to process the ~ received symbol streams to recover such ~ A data symbol stream. Dong Zi is stunned by SIC technology. The access point first performs spatial processing on these 'received symbol streams (9), such as using c(:Mi, mMSE, or some other technique), and obtains - The recovered data symbol stream is then processed by the access point (eg demodulation/symbol demapping, 975) 50.doc -16- 1358214 Solution 忒 The data symbol stream has been restored to obtain a decoded data ^. Next, the access point estimates the stream's interference with other '· 资料 data symbols and The modified interference stream is obtained by eliminating the estimated interference X in the received symbol stream, and then the access point repeats the same processing for the ~ modified $ number stream to recover the other data symbol stream. For sic technology, the input (ie, received or modified) symbol stream of level £ (where η..~) can be expressed as: ELW = H; ^s; +n;, equation (13) where !:&quot ;t is an X 1 -dimensional vector having an input symbol corresponding to the level f ^, and for the first level, si is a XI-dimensional vector corresponding to the Mr data stream of the data that has not been recovered at the level {, Its center = \_m ; and test ^ is a valid channel response matrix corresponding to the order of the level f. Equation (13) assumes that the data symbol stream recovered in the previous stage is eliminated. When eliminating a data symbol stream, in each stage, the dimension of the effective channel response matrix e// Decrease by one row. For level β, by removing the original matrix, you get the reduced effective channel corresponding to £-1 rows of the f 1 data symbol streams that have been recovered in the previous level. The response matrix 'is sU=[]Wj, 乂(10), which is a valid channel response vector corresponding to the user's terminal ΛΓαρ XI dimension. For the level fl, the fl data symbol streams recovered in each previous stage are Mark; 2...;>/}, and the data symbol stream that has not been recovered has the following label yw...kan}. 97550.doc •17· 358214 For class f 'access points using CCMI, MMSE, or some other technique to derive a 根据 based on the reduced effective channel response matrix ML (instead of the original matrix also /^//) ^ Order spatial filter matrix. Since the Sk^ of each level is different, the spatial filter matrix ML of each stage is also different. The access point multiplies the vector 4 corresponding to the modified symbol stream by the spatial filter matrix M:fc to obtain a vector corresponding to %, the detected symbol stream:

Isic = MLrL » ~5tfic§ifp +5i»e J Equation (14) where =mLh. And is the filtered noise corresponding to the level {. The access point then selects one of the Mr detected symbol streams for recovery' wherein the selection criteria can be based on SNR and/or other factors. For example, the detected symbol stream with the highest snr of the detected symbol streams can be selected for recovery. Since only one data symbol stream is restored in each stage, the access point can only derive one xiVflp dimensional spatial filter program vector vector corresponding to the data symbol stream (V;,} to be recovered in the level ^: Column vector: is a column of the matrix. In this case, the spatial processing of the level f for restoring the data symbol stream J can be expressed as: ' Equation (15) where 齓 corresponds to the data symbol flow In summary, the access point scales the quantized symbol stream; ./,} to obtain a recovered data symbol stream and further demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes 97550.doc •18- Decoding the f stream {<u. The access point also forms an estimate of the interference of the 5 stream to other unrecovered data symbol streams. To estimate the 4 interference 'access point' with the user terminal h The same execution mode is to code, parent insert and modulate the decoded data stream U, and obtain - "remodulated" symbol stream {'}, the "remodulated" symbol stream U system just recovered (4) The estimated value of the symbol flow ' 'money, the use of the access point corresponding to the user terminal The channel response vector 1W" spatially processes the remodulated symbol stream to obtain a vector iA having an interference component caused by the stream. Then, the modified symbol stream from the level is decremented The equal interference component 1 is obtained to obtain the modified symbol stream C of the next level ,1, that is, the modified symbol represents the pseudo right untransmitted data symbol stream {<α} (ie, the interference cancellation is effectively performed The access point will receive the stream. The access point processes the received symbols stream in a secondary subroutine. In each level, the access point is (1) paired from the previous level. The received symbol stream or the modified symbol stream performs receiver spatial processing to obtain a recovered data symbol stream '(2) processes the recovered data symbol stream to obtain a corresponding decoded data stream, and (3) estimates and Eliminate the interference caused by the flow' and (4) obtain a modified symbol stream of the next level. If the interference caused by each data stream can be accurately estimated and eliminated, then the recovered data stream will experience a smaller one. Interference and get a higher SNr For SIC technology, the snr of each recovered data symbol stream depends on (1) the spatial processing technology used by each stage (such as CCMI or MMSE), and (2) the specific level at which the data symbol stream is recovered, and 3) The amount of interference caused by the recovered data symbol stream in the subsequent stage 97550.doc -19- 1358214. In general, since the interference from the data symbol stream recovered in the previous stage is eliminated, it is at a subsequent stage. The SNR of the recovered data symbol stream will gradually increase. This allows a higher rate to be used for subsequent recovered data symbol streams. 2. Beam guidance for beam guidance 'Each user terminal uses one The spatial processing is performed using the normalized steering vector L^ derived from the phase information in the steering orientation. The normalized steering vector can be expressed as: no state = [Je wind. 丨凡., ... such as ~ called r ' Equation (16) where J is a constant (eg j = 1 / V ^ T); and for use The phase of the antenna/ at the terminal w, θαί = = tan_ll ] LRe(W>J 〇 equation (I 7)

As shown in equation (16), the number of 'L' and '/, « individual elements are equal. As shown in equation (17), the phase of each open + loose * ^ 荨 is in the middle one corresponding to the target position (ie, the U system is obtained from % W, where '= _ _, . / a user In the end, the normalized derivative I is used to process the data symbol stream turbulence: to obtain the constant in the "one emission symbol - * &lt; Ρ ^ι ~ Σ μρμ» 'S^ equation (10) The choice of the righteous formula (10) symbol of the Taiwanese t county s, so that the Xiangli Liuzhong Ι ο 个 发射 发射 » » » » » » » » » » » 发射 » “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ Vector 1,^ can be expressed as ·· % Χ 1D effective uplink channel response 97550.doc -20- 1358214 —HP^jn ~ ^ιφ^ηΣιφ^ Equation (19) · Thus 'for beam guidance, Corresponding to all 'user terminals', the order of the effective uplink channel response matrix is '=[Ενι^ ^硪, 2 ... £咐~; 1. The access point can use the above CCMI, MMSE or SIC technology, Or some other technique to perform receiver spatial processing. However, the spatial chopping matrix is derived using a matrix fish lining instead of the matrix iLP.e//. Figure 2 shows the process of performing multi-antenna transmission on the uplink of the SDMA. First, for each active user terminal that is expected to transmit on the uplink, the uplink channel response matrix is obtained. Block 210), then decomposing the matrix I" corresponding to each user terminal to obtain a navigation vector corresponding to the user terminal or a block. 212). Then, for each user terminal, an effective uplink channel response vector is formed according to the steering vector and the uplink channel response matrix corresponding to the user terminal (block 214). Blocks 21A through 214 are used to perform channel estimation and decomposition 'which may be performed by the access point, by the user terminal, or by both. Next, different sets of active user terminals are formed and you or its uplink channel response matrix is priced according to its valid uplink channel response vector (block 220). The evaluation can be carried out as described below. Then, select the best set of user terminals to transmit (also block 2 2 0). The rate to be used by each of the selected user terminals (obtained according to the evaluation in block 220) is sent to the user terminal (block 222). Blocks 22 and 222 are used to enter the user schedule, which is typically performed by the access point. The selected user terminal uses its steering vector ^ or ^ to perform spatial processing on its data symbol machine {~&quot; „}, and transmits the U-transmitted symbol stream from the antenna 铋 from its MIM0 channel to the access point (block 230) The selected user terminals simultaneously transmit their ~data symbol streams to the access point via their Kun Peng channel. Block 23 is used for data transmission 'which is performed by each selected user terminal The ΛX access point obtains one received symbol stream from its antenna (block 24〇). Then, the access point performs reception on the received symbol streams according to CCMI, MMSE, SIC or some other. The machine space processing obtains a recovered data symbol stream 'these' recovered data symbols, and the stream is an estimated value of the data symbol streams transmitted by the selected user terminals (block 242). 24() and 242 are used for data reception and access point execution. ~ ° Select multiple user terminals to transmit simultaneously on the uplink. Users can be selected according to various factors. Some factors may be related to system constraint Requirements 'eg service quality, maximum material, flat Data rate, etc. These factors may need to be met for each user terminal. Other factors may be related to system performance, which may be quantified by total system throughput or some other performance indicator... scheduling options may be based on - Or multiple measures and - or a number of factors to evaluate the user terminal of the to-be-transmitted wheel. + Same: You can use a different one; s: ± the threshold of $, considering different factors and / or different ways The degree of specialization and factor weighting. If you choose the special (four) program, you can evaluate different groups of user terminals according to the scheduling scheme 97550.doc •22· 1358214. You can use the space of each user terminal. The signature (for example, its 通道0 channel response) and multi-user diversity select the "best" set of "space-compatible" user terminals for simultaneous transmission. Spatial compatibility can be quantified by measures such as total flux or some other effective energy. The best user group can be one that obtains the highest metric score (eg, the highest total flux) while meeting system constraints and requirements. For the sake of clarity, a specific scheduling scheme for selecting a user terminal based on the total throughput will be explained below. In the description below, the shoulder user terminal is active and expects to transmit data on the uplink. Figure 3 shows a process 220a for evaluating and selecting a user terminal to be transmitted on the uplink. Process 220a represents a specific scheduling scheme that can be used for block 220 in FIG. First, a maximum total flux variable is set to zero (block 310). A new set of user terminals is selected from the active user terminals (block 3 12). The user group constitutes a hypothesis to be evaluated and marked as = Κ"'2...W&quot;~} 'where "there is a user group that is being evaluated, w„,··· The zth user terminal. For the user group, the valid uplink channel response vector corresponding to the group of the user terminals is used, and the heart•~ constitutes an effective uplink channel response matrix (block 314). Then 'based on the effective uplink The channel channel response matrix, using the CCMI, MMSE, SIC, or some other technique used by the access point to calculate the SNR of each user terminal in group w (block 316). When using CCMI and MMSE techniques, the user terminal The SNR can be calculated as shown in equations (8) and 97550.doc -23, 1358214 (10). In the case of the (4)c technique, the reading of the user terminal depends on the order in which the (four) terminals are restored. For the SIC technology. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> The SNR of the user terminal of the w φ Μ phase m'' is marked as ^&quot;, ι 7„λ — y„, frv} 〇 Then, according to the user terminal, the calculation group „ The throughput of the terminal (block 318): / X. i+y Where 卜, rm = -i〇g2 Equation (20) The metric can be calculated as follows (block 320): where ~ is a positive constant that reflects the coding and modulation scheme to be used by the user terminal, The ratio of the theoretical capacity achieved (for example, for a mother and a modulation scheme with a relative agricultural capacity of 3 dB, ~=2), and ~ is the flux or spectral efficiency corresponding to the user terminal~ Table* in units of bits/seconds • Hertz PS/HZ). The total number of equations (21) formed by the user group 4 then determines the user group; whether the total amount of z is greater than the maximum total capacity obtained by all user groups evaluated so far (block 33〇). If the answer is 疋, the user group "and the total flux block 332 of the group" is saved. Conversely, discard the user and ". After that, it is determined whether all user groups have been evaluated (block 34〇). If the right answer is yes, then the process returns to block 312 to select another set of terminals for evaluation. Conversely, each user terminal in the scheduled save group enters 97550.doc - 24 - 1358214 uplink transmissions (block 342). For the above embodiment, a measure based on theoretical capacity (although with a compensation factor C/U) is used to select the best user group for uplink transmission. In another embodiment, a measure based on the achievable flux is used to select the best user group. For this embodiment, each user group can be evaluated based on a set of "rates" supported by the system. These rates can be considered as quantized values of the flux calculated in equation (20). Each non-zero rate is associated with a particular coding and modulation scheme, a particular spectral efficiency (which is typically expressed in bps/Hz), and a particular desired SNR. The SNR required for each rate can be determined by computer simulations, empirical measurements, and the like, based on the assumption of an AWGN channel. A lookup table (LUT) stores u, 'and the supported rate and its requirements. The snr of each user terminal is mapped to a selected rate which is the highest rate in the lookup table and has a required snr equal to or less than the SNR of the user terminal. Then, the selected rates of all user terminals in each group are accumulated to obtain the total rate of the group. The user group with the highest total rate is then scheduled for transmission. To determine the best user group for transmission, you can evaluate user groups of different sizes. For example, it is possible to first evaluate a user terminal (ie, a group, and then evaluate a group having two user terminals (ie, #^ = 2), and so on, and the most German-only Stupid T Yan has a group of A/叮 user terminals (ie Λ^=Α^βρ). Depending on the value of 'AU and ~' is the best user group, but the monthly b requires δ parity. A large number of user groups. It is beneficial to reduce the number of user groups to be evaluated by prioritizing each active user terminal by 97550.doc -25* 1358214, taking into account other factors, etc. It can be determined according to various factors. The priority of each active user terminal, for example, based on the service category of the user terminal (eg, advanced or normal), the average throughput achieved by the user terminal, the information that the user terminal must send, and the user terminal experience Delay, etc. The priority of each user terminal can be updated over time to reflect the current state of the user terminal. As an example, only the highest priority user terminal can be evaluated in the per-schedule Γβ1 compartment. .

In the exemplary scheduling scheme described above with respect to FIG. 3, the effective uplink is derived independently (or "in place") for each user terminal based only on the uplink channel response moment (4) to be applied to the user terminal. The link channel should be vector W. The effective channel response matrix of each user group is composed of the independently derived effective channel response vectors corresponding to each user terminal in the group. The ridge ρ· , the attack matrix river - each vector in the heart 1W ~ (its t ζ. 1 ·· may not generate user groups

4 take the total flux. It is possible to &lt; evaluate multiple sub-hypotheses for the parent-user group, ^ ^ H 1 /, τ for the mother-child hypothesis iL^, e/. The vector in the adjustment is different from the benefit of 7, and the example is 5, which can be a deterministic way (for example, a random way to modify the group "中么#田j tamper with a certain percentage of soil" or 4 will be One = end...the phase of the vector 4 D Ϊ: the power remains at 丨 (ie ^ θ

One unit norm). The π mother-vector vector is the uplink of the I terminal, the channel of the user channel, and the user channel channel response vector IW~ to evaluate the two instead of the effective uplink J in the group "all users 97550.doc - 26·,, in the presence of winter*, a navigation vector &quot; is derived for a user terminal in the group ("global mode"). The effective uplink channel response vector 〜 can be calculated for each user terminal h according to the (globally derived) steering vector and the uplink satisive channel response matrix. Then, an effective uplink channel response matrix corresponding to the user is formed according to the corresponding uplink channel response vector corresponding to each of the terminals in the group. Then, the matrix one (rather than the matrix I·) is used to evaluate the performance of the user group α (e.g., total throughput). As an example, a plurality of sub-hypotheses may be evaluated for a group of users, wherein each-sub-hypothesis corresponds to a different vector of guidance for each user terminal in the group. Then, select the best sub-hypothesis for the user group. I evaluates multiple user groups in a similar manner and selects the best user group for uplink transmission. Various other scheduling schemes may also be constructed, which are still within the scope of the present invention. Different troubleshooting schemes may be considered when selecting each group of user terminals. Factors may be derived in different ways corresponding to each user terminal. Lead = vector, other metrics can be used to quantify the performance of each user group, and so on. Different uplink estimation techniques can be used in various ways to estimate the uplink channel response matrix U corresponding to each user terminal in the TDD and touch system. In the immediate system, the downlink and the uplink are used in different frequency bands. The channel response of the link may not be related to the channel response of the other link. In this case, the access point can estimate the uplink MIM channel response of the user terminal based on the unsigned symbol transmitted by each user terminal 97550.doc 27· 1J58214. The access point may perform a decomposition on the corresponding per-user terminal, derive the guidance to the stem ip or heart, and send the steering vector to each selected user terminal for transmission. For the FDD system Each user terminal can transmit an unguided bow symbol (or a pilot symbol) to enable the access point to estimate the uplink ΜΙΜ0 channel response and obtain a matrix. The quoted non-symbol includes self-sense (10) user terminal antennas to transmit an orthogonal pilot transmission 'where time, frequency, code or a combination thereof can be achieved: form positive polarity. For code positive polarity, the user The terminal simultaneously transmits a pilot transmission from its antenna, wherein the pilot transmission from each antenna "overwrites...different orthogonal (eg, Walsh) sequence J. Then, the access point is used by the user terminal. The same 1 fixed orthogonal sequence used to "uncover" the received symbols received from each access point antenna to obtain an access point antenna z and each of the user terminal antennas Complex channel gain Dollars. The overlay job at the user terminal and the uncovering operation at the access point can be performed in the same manner as in the code division multiple access (cdma) system. For frequency orthogonality, the U-indication transmission of the user terminal antenna can be simultaneously transmitted on the difference of the entire system bandwidth: the underband. For time orthogonality, the u-introduction transmission of the u-guder user terminal antennas can be transmitted in different time slots. In general, the orthogonality between the U-transmissions enables the access point to distinguish between the pilot transmissions from each of the user terminal antennas. Multiple user terminals can simultaneously transmit unguided signals on the uplink. 97550.doc • 28· 1358214 No symbol to access point 'All user terminals are transmitted in code, time' and/or frequency The forms are orthogonal to enable the access point to estimate the uplink channel response corresponding to each user terminal. In a TDD system, the downlink and the uplink share the same frequency band. There is typically a high degree of correlation between the downlink channel response and the uplink channel response. However, the response of the transmit/receive chain at the access point may not be the same as the response of the transmit/receive chain at the user terminal. If the Xuanzang difference can be accurately identified by the school and compensated by applying the correct correction matrix at the access point and/or user terminal, the overall downlink channel response and uplink channel response can be assumed. Reciprocal (ie transpose). For TDD systems, the access point can be transmitted from one of the access point antennas. Each user terminal can process the downlink unguided pilot symbol to obtain its downlink Mim〇 channel response matrix, and (2) use the uplink MIM〇 channel response as the downlink link. The channel response is rotated and estimated (ie, (7) according to the U outbound direction or '' and (4) to calculate the effective uplink pass

Channel response vector. Each user terminal can be either in direct form (* for example by φ transmitting b, each element in e//m) or in an indirect form (10) such as straw-transmitted-using the pilot vector used for uplink transmission^ or The guided vector generated by U is sent to the access point. For the beta side, the above describes the sdma transmission technique for uplink transmission. These techniques can also be used for downlink transmissions. The downlink MIM channel response matrix can also be obtained for each user terminal m and decomposed to correspond to the downlink guidance vector 97550.doc -29- 1358214 〜 of the user terminal. m. The access point can evaluate different user terminal groups to be used for downlink transmission (example #above the same way as described above for the uplink), and select the best set of user terminals for downlink For downlink transmission, the access point spatially processes the data symbol streams using the downlink steering vectors corresponding to the selected user terminals to obtain 乂p transmitted symbol streams. : ' Equation (22) where ~η is an X 1 -dimensional vector having the data symbols of the selected user terminals to be transmitted on the non-link; as a first-order matrix, which has 沁" corresponds to The 导引 固 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选 所选Has a transmit symbol to be sent from the antennas of the access pointsFor beam steering, the access point may also use a normalized downlink pilot vector h&quot; to spatially process the stream of symbol data streams corresponding to each user terminal. If a user terminal is equipped with at least one antenna (i.e., iv%), the user terminal can perform receiver spatial processing using CCMI, MMSE, or some other technique to isolate and recover its downstream key data symbol stream. If a user terminal is equipped with fewer than one antenna (ie, the user terminal can recover its downlink data symbol stream in the presence of crosstalk from other data symbol streams. For clarity, the above is for A single-carrier narrow-band with a flat fading 97550.doc -30. 1358214 ΜΙΜΟ system to illustrate SDMA transmission technology 'These technologies can also be used in broadband ΜΙΜΟ systems and multi-carrier MIM 〇 systems. 胄 〇 〇 system can use CDMA as the basis Wireless technology. Multi-carrier MIM〇 systems can utilize some other multi-carrier modulation technology. 〇FDM effectively divides the entire system bandwidth into multiple) orthogonal sub-bands. Each frequency band is associated with a respective carrier that can be modulated using the data. In the GFDM system, the channel estimation may be performed for each of the horse sub-bands for each of the sub-bands to obtain a frequency domain channel response matrix corresponding to the iVH sub-bands. Space processing can be performed in a variety of ways. In an embodiment, the per-channel response matrix of the concentric channel response matrix is independently decomposed to obtain a steering vector corresponding to the sub-bands. Then, spatial processing is performed on the other frequency bands using the steering vectors obtained for each of the sub-bands. In another implementation, a single frequency dependent steering vector is derived for each user terminal based on the one of the channel response matrices. _, (4) (4) Μ (4) (4) line ^ processing. In short, for each user line, a single or Le navigation vector is used to construct an effective uplink channel response vector iw “k), where (1)·. can be valid according to the frequency of each user terminal. The response vector is used to evaluate the user terminal. In the wide-band M-plane, for each-user terminal, a plurality of (^) resolvable signal paths can be obtained for the ΜΙΜΟ channel to obtain a time-domain channel pulse. Response material. In the embodiment, the AM® channel impulse response matrix is used to derive % steering vectors for each user terminal and used to compensate for the frequency selective nature of the Mim〇 channel. 97550.doc -31 - 1358214 In one embodiment, a steering vector is derived for each user terminal based on, for example, a channel impulse response matrix corresponding to the primary signal path having the highest energy. In summary, the (these) steering vectors can be used to derive one or more valid channel response vectors, which in turn are used to evaluate and select the user terminal for transmission. 4. Example ΜΙΜΟ System Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the access point 11〇 in the ΜΙΜΟ system 1〇〇 and the two user terminals 120m and 120χ. The access point η〇 is equipped with a tamping antenna ^" to 424ap. The user terminal 12 〇 m is equipped with a solid antenna 452 to 452 mu, and the user terminal 12 〇χ is equipped with a u solid antenna 'Μα to 452XU. Access Point 110 is a transmitting entity for the downlink and a receiving-receiving entity for the uplink. Each user terminal 12 is a transmitting-transmitting entity for the uplink, and for the downlink key Each is a receiving entity. In this article, "Emissions Shenxian..., the transmitting entity" is an independently operated device or device capable of transmitting data via a wireless channel. The "receiving entity" is a wireless channel. Independently operated equipment or device that receives data. In the following description, the subscript "dnj indicates the downlink, subscript," indicates the subscription (4) 'select ◎ user end (four) when the input 'select 4 user terminals simultaneously push... Downlink transmission, which can be equal to or not equal to #八," and 7^^ and 沁&quot; can be used for both static values and bundle guidance. For the sake of brevity, in the following description, make 97550.doc -32 - 1358214 data and receive control data from the controller. The data processor paste is processed according to the encoding and modulation f associated with the rate selected for the user terminal (eg, encoding, interleaving, and modulation). The traffic data of the user terminal {,, "}, and provide - data symbol stream {;}. - Ding Hao space processor 490 uses the steering vector ^ to execute the space of the data symbol stream

Rationally, it is multiplexed into the pilot symbol as needed, and provides a stream of transmitted symbols corresponding to the H antennas. As described above, the steering vector is derived from the uplink channel response moment corresponding to the manufacturer terminal. Each transmitter unit (TMTR) 454 receives and processes (e.g., = (4) type 'amplify, filter, and upconverts' a corresponding transmit symbol to generate an uplink signal. Transmitter unit 454 provides

Am uplink signals are transmitted from the (3) antennas to the access point. Can be scheduled... One user terminal transmits simultaneously on the uplink. Each of the user terminals performs spatial processing on its data symbol stream using its steering vector and transmits its transmitted symbol stream group to the access point on the uplink. At access point 110, antennas 42 to 424 接收 receive uplink signals from all of the user terminals transmitting on the uplink. Each antenna 424 provides a received signal to a corresponding receiver unit (RCVRM 22. Each of the receiver units 422 performs processing complementary to that performed by the transmitter unit 454 and provides a received symbol stream. _ Spatial Processing The 440 performs receiver spatial processing on the received received symbol streams from the iVep receiver units 422 and provides #叩 recovered uplinks 97550.doc • 33· 1358214. Performed according to ccmi, mmse, SIC, or some other technique. According to (1) the receiver inter-process processing technique used by the access point and (2) the effective uplink channel response matrix I corresponding to the 'user terminals' The access point m filter program matrix Map ° per-recovered uplink f-symbol stream {^} is an estimated value of a data symbol transmitted by a corresponding user terminal...^ data processor 442 according to each_ The rate used to recover the uplink data symbol stream d is processed (9) such as demodulation, deinterleaving and decoding) to obtain decoded data. The decoded data corresponding to each terminal can be provided to the data of seven 444. The line is stored and/or supplied to a controller 43 for further processing. On the downlink, at the access point, a data processor 4 receives data from a data source 408 of the user terminal corresponding to the scheduled downlink transmission. A controller 43 receives control data and may receive other data from the scheduler 434. Various types of data can be developed in different transmission channels. The τ χ data processor 41 处理 processes (e.g., encodes &apos;interleaving and modulating) the traffic data corresponding to the user terminal based on the rate selected for each user terminal. The data processor 410 provides a &quot;downlink data symbol stream corresponding to the &quot;user terminals&quot;. - τχ The two processing benefits 420 use a matrix consisting of ^ downlink steering vectors corresponding to the user terminals Multiplexed in the pilot symbol and provides a stream of transmitted symbols for the &quot; antennas. Each transmitter unit 422 receives and processes a respective transmit symbol stream to generate a downlink signal. 97550.doc -34· 1358214 Eight transmitter units 422 provide #下下&quot; 倂 叩 仃 仃 仃 link signals for transmission from the % antenna 424 to each user terminal. At each user terminal 120, a U antenna 452 receives &apos;downlink signals from access point 110. Each of the receiver units 454 processes a reception from the associated antenna 452 and provides a received symbol stream. An RX spatial processor 460 performs spatial processing on the receiver from the U receiver unit 454. Providing the user terminal with a recovered downlink data stream D. The receiver spatial processing is performed according to cCMI, MMSE, or some other technology. According to (1) the receiver space processing technology used by the user terminal and (7) corresponding Derived from the downlink channel response matrix U of the user terminal - a spatial filter matrix corresponding to each user terminal. An RX data processor 47 is processed (eg, demodulated, deinterleaved, and decoded). The downlink data symbol stream has been recovered to obtain decoded data corresponding to the user terminal. At each user terminal 120, a channel estimator 478 estimates the downlink channel response and provides downlink channel estimates. The downlink channel estimate may include a channel gain estimate, a snr estimate, etc. Similarly, a channel estimator 428 estimates the uplink pass. The channel responds and provides an uplink link channel estimate. As described above, the pilot vectors for downlink and uplink transmissions can be derived in a variety of ways. 'This depends on whether the MIM system is a TDD system or an FDD system. The steering vector is derived by one of the entities (eg, an access point) and is required by another entity (eg, a user terminal). Then one of the entities sends the steering vector to the other entity. The controller 480 of the terminal is based on the inter-machine filter program matrix t' 对应 corresponding to the end user of the user's terminal 97550.doc -35 - downlink channel response, and the controller 430 is valid according to Uplink, C response matrix heart, you derive the space corresponding to the access point, the controller 480 of the user terminal can send feedback information (such as downlink and / or upstream guidance vector, coffee value, etc.) And to the access point. The controllers 43〇 and 48〇 also control the operation of each processing unit of the access point (4) and the user terminal 12 respectively. : 5 A'4 not - support CDMA2 τχ data processor Block diagram. X shell The handling of theft 410a can be used for the τχ data processor in Fig. 4 and the ==TXf material is judged 41_ '1 code, please receive and encode according to the selection rate of the financial code - corresponding to the manufacturer terminal calendar, and then provide The data stream can carry one or more resources. The iI data package is usually separately coded to obtain an encoded = 枓 packet. The coding operation can improve the reliability of data transmission, and the coding square card can include Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) coding, convolutional coding, interleaving, coding, etc., or a combination thereof, a channel interleaver 514 interleaving the code points according to a:: case, the interleaving operation may be The code bits ==, frequency, and/or spatial diversity. A symbol mapping unit 516 maps the interpolated bits by a modulation scheme of the rate, and then provides: a symbol. Unit 516 combines each (four) interleaved bits to form a B· = hexadecimal value (in which yang), and proceeds to 1 according to a modulation scheme (eg, two κ, M_PSK, or M_QAM, where μ, each β position Meta-value: to: specific modulation symbol. In the signal star image defined by the modulation scheme, 'each modulation symbol is a complex value. 97550.doc -36- 1358214 CDMA modulator 520 performs CDMA modulation The 'channelizer 522 receives and channelizes the data symbols and the pilot symbols to different code channels in the CDMA modulator 520. Each code channel is associated with a corresponding orthogonal sequence, the corresponding The orthogonal sequence may be a Walsh sequence, an orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) sequence, etc. The channelization operation is referred to as ".overlay" in IS_2〇〇〇 and IS-95, in In w-CDMA, it is called "spreading frequency." A codec 524 receives and uses a pseudo-random number (pN) sequence to spread the channelized data of a plurality of code channels, and then provides a data chip stream. For the sake of simplicity, 'the 6 Xuan-Bei material chip stream is marked as a data symbol stream. The spread spectrum operation is in IS-2000 and is-95. "Spreading frequency" is called "mixing code" in w-CDMA. Channelization and spread-spectrum operations are well known in the art and will not be described in this article. For the uplink, 'Every The data symbol streams are transmitted on a corresponding code channel obtained by channelizing using an orthogonal sequence. A selected user terminal may simultaneously transmit one or more data streams on different orthogonal code channels. A user terminal uses the same steering vector Lp or performs spatial processing on all of its data symbol streams (or its data chip streams). Similar processing is performed for the downlink. Figure 5A shows a supported 0FDMi τ data processor. A block diagram of 41 〇b. The TX data processor 41〇b can also be used for the TX data processors 41A and 488 of FIG. 4. The TX data processor 410b includes an encoder 512, a channel interleaver 514, and a symbol mapping unit. 516, which operates as described above for Figure 5 8. The TX data processor 410b further includes an OFDM modulator 530 for performing 〇fdm modulation. Within the 0FDM modulator 53〇, a 97550.doc •37- 1358214 Leaf Reverse Side (IFFT) Unit 532 receives the data symbols from symbol mapping unit 516 and receives the symbols, and then provides the data and the pilot symbols on the frequency band designated for data and pilot transmission, and for each unused data. The sub-band of the non-transmission provides a signal value of zero (a "zero" symbol. For each OFDM symbol period, the IFFT unit 532 uses a ~-point fast Fourier inverse transform to group a set of horse data symbols, pilot symbols And zero symbols are transformed into the time domain, and then - the corresponding transformed symbols containing ~ chips are provided. A portion of each transformed symbol is repeated by a % sub-header 534 to obtain a corresponding 〇FDM symbol containing a plurality of chips. The repeated part is called the cyclic prefix, and the number of 'repeated W's 1 ring prefix guarantees that the 0FDM symbol remains positive when there is multipath delay spread due to frequency selective fading (ie, frequency response is not flat). Intercourse. The cyclic prefix generator 534 provides an -of-Frequency symbol stream&apos; for the sake of brevity, marking the 〇-deleted symbol stream as a data symbol stream {iSw}. For the uplink, each data symbol stream is transmitted on a corresponding sub-band group assigned to the other stream.所选τκρ selected user terminals can simultaneously transmit 乂ρ or more data streams on different sets of discontinuous sub-bands, wherein each of the AM fixed sub-bands is assigned to at most one group. Each: the user terminal uses the same steering vector k, "or ^ performs spatial processing on all its data symbol streams (or its OFDM symbol stream). ~ Machine similar processing. 胄 仃 仃 亦 亦 亦 亦 亦 亦For example, Figures 5A and 5B show that one data stream is processed to generate a data symbol stream {^}. γχ data processing can be used to process multiple data streams (for example, corresponding to multiple on the downlink). User 97550.doc • 38· 1358214 multiple data streams of the terminal) to obtain multiple data symbol streams. Figures 5A and 5B show specific implementations in which CDMA and OFDM processing is performed prior to spatial processing of multi-antenna transmission. In this case, the TX data processor includes a CDMA modulator or an OFDM modulator, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B. CDMA and OFDM processing can also be performed after spatial processing of multi-antenna transmission. Each transmitter unit (TMTR) will include a CDMA modulator or OFDM modulator for performing CDMA or OFDM processing on a respective transmitted symbol stream to produce a corresponding modulated signal. Figure 6 shows the access point. 110 and a user terminal 1 Spatial processing of downlink and uplink transmissions at 20 m. For the uplink, at the user terminal 120m, the data symbol stream {hp,,,,} is multiplied by the steering vector by the TX spatial processor 490m. Obtaining a transmitted symbol vector of the uplink. At the access point 11 ,, the received symbol vector (corresponding to the user terminal 120m and other user terminals) is multiplied by a unit 640 by a spatial filter matrix. A unit 642 uses a pair of angular matrices e; further scaled to obtain the recovered recovered symbol vector L unit of the uplink. 640 and 642 belong to a portion of an RX spatial processor 440a. The matrix and the beta are based on the effective uplink The channel response matrix is derived using CCMI, MMSE, or some other technique. For the downlink, at access point 11 ,, the data symbol vector is included by TX spatial processor 420 (which includes the user terminal 120m and other The downlink data symbol stream of the user terminal is multiplied by the following downlink steering matrix to obtain a downlink transmitted symbol vector. At the user terminal 120m, a unit 660 The received symbol vector is multiplied by a 97550.doc • 39· 1358214 spatial filter matrix Mu, w, and used by a unit 662 using a pair of angular matrices 2; further converted to obtain a row chain corresponding to the user terminal 120m The path has recovered the data symbol stream J. Units 660 and 662 are part of the RX space processor 460m. The matrix and L·1&quot; are based on the line channel response matrix corresponding to the user terminal 120m and use CCMI, MMSE or some Other techniques are derived. Figure 7 shows a block diagram of an RX spatial processor 440b and an RX data processor 442b that performs SIC techniques and can be used for access point 110. The RX spatial processor 440b and the RX data processor 442b are constructed with ## contiguous (i.e., cascading) receiver processing stages corresponding to the stream of data symbols transmitted by the user terminals. Stages 1 through include a spatial processor 710, an interference canceller 720, an RX data stream processor 730, and a data stream processor 740. The last stage includes only a spatial processor 71〇u and an RX data stream processor 730u. In stage 1, spatial processor 710a performs receiver spatial processing on //# received symbol streams and provides a recovered data symbol stream corresponding to the user terminal forces being recovered in the first stage. The RX stream processor 730a demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes the recovered data symbol stream J, and then provides a decoded data stream. The data stream processor 740a encodes, interleaves, and modulates the stream in the same manner as the user terminal force performs on the decoded data stream, and then provides a remodulated symbol stream. The interference canceller 720a is used corresponding to the user terminal)! The effective channel response vector performs the transmitter spatial processing on the remodulated symbol stream to obtain the 丨 component due to the data symbol flow. Then, the Λτβρ interference components are subtracted from the received symbol streams 97550.doc -40 - 1358214 to obtain the modified symbol machines, and then the modified symbol streams are provided to level 2. Each of the levels 2 to 11 performs the same processing as level 1, although the modified symbol stream from the first level is executed instead of the # 接收 receiving symbol training, and the last level is from the level The modified symbol stream of 乂厂丨 performs spatial processing and decoding, and does not perform interference estimation cancellation. The spatial processors 710a through 710u can each perform CCMI, MMSE, or some of their techniques. Each spatial processor 71 乘 multiplies an input (received or modified) symbol by I by a spatial chopping matrix Mi to obtain a detected payee to 畺1v, and selects and converts one of them. The symbol stream is measured and then the converted symbol stream is provided as a recovered data symbol stream for that level. The matrix is derived from the reduced effective channel response matrix for that stage. Figure 8 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of a controller 430 and scheduler 434 for evaluating and scheduling each user terminal for downlink and uplink transmissions. Within controller 430, a request processor 810 receives access requests sent by user terminal 120 and possibly access requests from other sources. The access requests request to transmit data on the downlink and/or uplink. For the sake of clarity, the scheduling of uplink transmissions will be explained below. Request processor 810 processes the received access request and provides the identity (ID) and status of all active user terminals. A user selector 82 selects a different user terminal group from among all active user terminals for evaluation. The user terminal can be selected for evaluation based on various factors such as user priority, amount of data to be sent, system requirements, and the like. An evaluation unit 830 evaluates each set of user terminals and provides a value of - 97550.doc 41 1358214 for the group. For the sake of brevity, it is assumed in the following description that (1) the total flux is used as the metric and (2) the effective uplink channel response vector is available for each active user terminal. The evaluation unit 830 includes a matrix calculation unit 84 and a rate selector 850. The matrix calculation unit 840 performs an SNR calculation for each set of user terminals. For each group, unit 84〇 forms an effective uplink channel response matrix corresponding to the group, and calculates each user terminal in the group according to the receiver spatial processing technology used by the access point. SNR. The rate selector 85 receives a set of snr for each user group and determines the rate for each user terminal in the group and the total throughput of the group and ". The rate selector 850 can access a lookup table. (LUT) 852, the lookup table 852 stores the group rate supported by the (4) system and its required containers. The rate selector 850 determines that the user terminal can be determined based on the bet calculated for each user terminal. The highest rate for uplink transmission. The rate selector 850 also accumulates the rate or throughput of all user terminals in each group to obtain the total throughput of the group. The scheduler 434 receives (1) the user. The rate of the different user groups of the selector 820 and (7) the rate of each user terminal from the rate selector 85 and the total flux of the parent group. For the shoe 95 / 1 * 3 / 1 row of thieves 434 in each row During the interval, the best set of user terminals are selected among all the groups evaluated, and the selected users are scheduled to use the materials. (4) (4) Indignation scheduling information, scheduling information includes selected pages End time, its material delivery time (for example, the beginning of the pass The sequel is sent to the selected user terminal. ° The schedule for the downlink pass can be performed in the same way. 97550.doc •42· 1358214 The SDMA transmission techniques described in this article can be used in a variety of ways. Components can be built. For example, the techniques can be built on hardware, software, or a combination of them. For hardware construction, to support basic wireless technologies (such as CDMA or OFDM) and downlink and uplink Each processing unit of Sdma transmission on the road (eg, transmission and reception space processing at the access point and user terminal, evaluation of different user groups, etc.) may be constructed in one or more application-specific integrated circuits ( ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing unit (DSPD), programmable logic device (pLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, micro A processor, other electronic unit designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For a software build scheme, modules (eg, programs, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein may be used. The sdma transmission technology described herein is implemented. The soft weight code can be stored in a memory unit (such as memory units 432 and 482 shown in FIG. 4) and executed by a processor (eg, control H43G and 48G). The It body can be built into the processor or built outside the processor. When the processor unit is built outside the processor, the memory unit can be processed by various means known in the art. This article contains headings to facilitate review and contribute to the location of certain parts of the shirt. These headings are not intended to limit the concept of the underlying fabric concept and may apply to other parts of the description. The description of the embodiments is intended to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the arsenal. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the various modifications of the embodiment can be used in other embodiments as defined herein, and may be used in other embodiments, without departing from the invention. The spirit or scope. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded to the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a multiple access system; Figure 2 shows a process for performing SDMA uplink multi-antenna transmission; Figure 3 shows an evaluation and selection for simultaneous use on the uplink. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an access point and two user terminals; Figures 5 and 5 show block diagrams of the CDMA and OFDM data processors respectively; Figure 6 shows The access point and the downlink and uplink transmission space processing at the user terminal; FIG. 7 shows a receiving space processor and a receiving data processor; and FIG. 8 shows a controller and an access point Scheduler. [Main component symbol description] 100 Multiple access system 110 Access point 120a-120i User terminal 120m User terminal (UT) 120x User terminal (UT) 130 System controller 408 Data source 410 ΤΧ Data processor 97550. Doc -44- 1358214 410a TX data processor 410b TX data processor 420 ΤΧ spatial processor 422 transmitter unit (TMTR) / receiver unit (RCVR) 424 antenna 424a-424ap antenna 428 channel estimator 430 controller 432 memory 434 Scheduler 440 RX Space Processor 440a RX Space Processor 440b RX Space Processor 442 RX Data Processor 442b RX Data Processor 444 Data Slot 452ma-452mu Antenna 452xa-452xu Antenna 454ma-454mu RCVR/TMTR 454m RCVR/TMTR 454xa-454xu RCVR/TMTR 460m RX Space Processor 460x RX Space Processor 470m RX Data Processor 97550.doc -45 · 1358214 470x RX Data Processor 472m Data Slot 472x Data Slot 478m Channel Estimator 478x Channel Estimator 480m Controller 480x controller 482m memory 482x memory 486m data source 486x data source 488m T X Data Processor 488x TX Data Processor 490m TX Space Processor 490x TX Space Processor 512 Encoder 514 Channel Interleaver 516 Symbol Mapping Unit 520 CDMA Modulator 522 Channelizer 524 Mixer 530 OFDM Modulator 532 Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) unit 534 Cyclic prefix generator 97550.doc -46 - 1358214 640 Matrix multiplication unit 642 scaler unit 660 matrix multiplication unit 662 scaler unit 710a-710u spatial processor 720a-720u interference canceller 730a -730u RX data stream processor 740a-740u TX data stream processor 810 request processor 820 user selector 830 evaluation unit 840 matrix calculation unit 850 rate selector 97550.doc - 47 -

Claims (1)

1358214 r---- Correction of replacement page X. Patent application scope: Patent application No. 093135455 Patent application replacement scope (October 100) A method for receiving data in a multiple input multiple output (ΜΙΜΟ) communication system The method includes: obtaining a plurality of received symbol streams from a plurality of receiving antennas at a receiving entity, wherein the plurality of received symbol streams correspond to a plurality of data symbol streams transmitted by the plurality of transmitting entities, wherein each of the transmitting entities corresponds to a data symbol grab, the data symbol stream corresponding to each of the transmitting entities is spatially processed using a steering vector of the transmitting entity and transmitted by a plurality of transmitting antennas at the transmitting entity; and according to a receiver space The processing technique processes the plurality of received symbol streams: obtaining a plurality of recovered data symbol streams, the plurality of recovered data symbol streams being estimates of the plurality of data symbol streams, wherein each of the plurality of data symbol streams is derived by The steering vector of the transmitting entity: decompose a channel response matrix for the transmitting entity to obtain a plurality of A plurality of eigenvectors and singular values, and according to an eigenvector corresponding to a largest singular value among the plurality of singular values of those forming the steering vector of the transmitting entity. 2. The method of claimants, wherein the receiver spatial processing technique is a channel correlation matrix inversion (CCMI) technique or a minimum mean square error (mmse) technique. 3. The method of claimants, wherein the receiver spatial processing technique is a sequential interference cancellation (SIC) technique. 4. The method of claimants wherein the steering vector of each of the transmitting entities is equal to the eigenvector corresponding to the largest singular value. The method of claim 1, wherein the steering vector of each transmitting entity comprises a plurality of elements having the same size and phase 'the phases are equal to the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum singular value The phase of multiple elements in the middle. 6. A method of receiving data in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: obtaining a plurality of received symbol streams from a plurality of receiving antennas at a receiving entity, wherein the plurality of received symbol streams correspond to a plurality of data symbol streams transmitted by a plurality of transmitting entities, each transmitting entity corresponding to a data symbol stream, wherein the data symbol stream corresponding to each transmitting entity is spatially processed using a steering vector of the transmitting entity Transmitting by a plurality of transmit antennas at the transmitting entity; processing the plurality of received symbols 々IL' according to a receiver spatial processing technique to obtain a plurality of recovered data symbol streams, the plurality of recovered data symbol streams And an estimate of the plurality of data symbol streams; evaluating each of the plurality of complex transmit entities for possible transmission based on a measure and a steering vector of the transmit entities in the set; and selecting a set having a highest metric value The transmitting entity transmits. 7. Apparatus for a receiving entity in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: a plurality of receiver elements for obtaining a plurality of received symbol streams from a plurality of receiving antennas, said plurality The received symbol streams correspond to a plurality of data symbol streams transmitted by a plurality of transmitting entities, wherein each transmitting entity corresponds to a data symbol stream, wherein the data symbol stream corresponding to each transmitting entity uses one of the transmitting entities The steering vector is spatially located at 97550-1001027.doc -2 - 咖 咖 (4) Β correction replacement page 及; and is processed by a plurality of transmitting antennas at the transmitting entity to transmit a receiving spatial processor for use according to a receiver space The processing technique processes the plurality of received symbol streams to obtain a plurality of recovered data symbol streams, the plurality of recovered data symbol streams being estimates of the plurality of data symbol streams, wherein the each of the transmitting entities The vector is derived by decomposing a channel response matrix for the transmitting entity to obtain a plurality of eigenvectors and A plurality of singular values, based on the steering vectors and a feature vector corresponding to a largest singular value among the plurality of singular values of those forming the transmitting entities. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the read receiver spatial processing technique is a channel correlation matrix inversion (CCMI) technique or a minimum mean square error (mmse) technique. 9. Apparatus for a receiving entity in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: obtaining means for obtaining a plurality of received symbol streams from a plurality of receiving antennas - said plurality of received symbol streams Corresponding to a plurality of data symbol streams transmitted by a plurality of transmitting entities, wherein each transmitting entity corresponds to a data symbol stream, wherein the data symbol stream corresponding to each transmitting entity uses a steering vector of the transmitting entity Spatially processed and transmitted by a plurality of transmit antennas at the transmitting entity; and processing means for processing the plurality of received symbol streams in accordance with a receiver spatial processing technique to obtain a plurality of recovered data symbol streams The plurality of recovered data symbol streams are estimates of the plurality of data symbols 97550-1001027.doc ^58214., wherein the steering vector of each transmitting entity is derived by: decomposing one for the Transmitting a channel response matrix of the entity to obtain a plurality of eigenvectors and a plurality of singular values, and corresponding to the plurality of singular values A feature vector of a maximum singular value in the singular value forms the steering vector of the transmitting entity. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the receiver spatial processing technique is a channel correlation matrix inversion (CCMI) technique or a minimum mean square error (mmse) technique. U. A method for deriving a steering vector for data transmission in a multiple input multiple output (MIM) communication system, comprising: obtaining a representation between a transmitting entity and a receiving entity in the system a response channel response matrix of the channel; decomposing the channel response matrix to obtain a plurality of eigenvectors and a plurality of singular values, wherein each singular value corresponds to a eigenvector; and corresponding to the plurality of singular values a eigenvector of a maximum singular value, deriving a steering vector of the transmitting entity, and deriving a plurality of steering vectors for the plurality of transmitting entities, the plurality of steering vectors being used by the plurality of transmitting entities for spatial processing, Simultaneously transmitting a plurality of data symbols to the receiving entity. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the vector of each of the transmitting entities corresponds to the feature vector of the largest singular value. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the steering vector of each transmitting entity comprises a plurality of elements of the same size and phase, the phases being equal to 97550-1001027.doc 1358214 /t»% 〇月? The cultivator muj should be the phase of the plurality of elements in the eigenvector of the largest singular value. 14. A device in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication system, comprising: a channel estimator for obtaining a channel representing a channel between a transmitting entity and a receiving entity in the system a channel response matrix of the response; and a controller for decomposing the channel response matrix to obtain a plurality of feature vectors and a plurality of singular values, wherein each singular value corresponds to a feature vector 'and is used to correspond to the one Deriving a vector of the largest singular value of the plurality of singular values to derive a steering vector of the transmitting entity, and deriving a plurality of steering vectors for the plurality of transmitting entities, wherein the plurality of steering vectors are transmitted by the plurality of vectors The entity is used for spatial processing to simultaneously transmit a plurality of data symbol streams to the receiving entity. 15. Apparatus for a multi-input multiple-output (ΜΙΜ〇) communication system, comprising: obtaining means for obtaining a channel between a transmitting entity and a receiving entity in the system a response channel response matrix; a decomposition component for decomposing the channel response matrix to obtain a plurality of eigenvectors and a plurality of singular values, wherein each singular value corresponds to a feature vector; and a deriving component for A steer vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the plurality of singular values is used to derive a steering vector of the transmitting entity, and 9755 〇 'l〇〇l 〇 27.di 1358214 r —- — — 丨; P % 勒 correction And a plurality of steering vectors are derived for a plurality of transmitting entities, and the plurality of steering vectors are used by the plurality of transmitting entities for spatial processing to simultaneously transmit a plurality of data symbol streams to the receiving entity. 97550-1001027.doc