1247911 玫、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種圖標表示方法，特別是指一種可 顯示出接近真實之駕駛景象的三維圖標表示方法。 5 【先前技術】 近年來，應用全球定位系統（GPS)發展出之車輛用導 航’已獲駕駛人普遍使用及信賴。 然而以目前市面上導航器，皆以平面的俯視圖或符號 10 15 形式的圖標在地圖上顯示設施所在位置，t駕駛人行至^ 複雜的交又路η或圓環時，往往對於螢幕上所顯示方位產又 生疑慮，諸財速或料檢視對照車㈣際所在與 上標示設施的相對位置。 β 目前資訊技術提昇，導航器之系統效能 圖標圖像„，因此應積極開發更具實用價值之圖標^ 技術，以提供駕駛人更明確的導引。 【發明内容】 因此， 使螢幕上顯 本發明之目的在於提供一 示畫面接近真實駕駛景象 種可顯示立體圖標， 的三维圖標表示方法 於是’本發明三維圖標表 數平面从国一 不方法，是運用一内建有$ 數千面地® |料及設施類料的 咬有） 。本發明方法包含以下步驟：、θ ^庫進行處ίΐ Α·在平面地圖上選出欲標 Β•針對每一地點上的設施 示三維圖標之多數地點 ，繪製各角度立體圖標 Ο 20 1247911 c ·統合設施之類別碼與立體圖声诸a 月旦團；f示，建立一三維地圖資料 庫。 D.資料變換，使每一設施類別碼對應到一文字碼及至 少一平面地圖。 5 E.運用資料變換後之類別碼並結合該等平面地圖資料及 該三維地圖資料庫，製作出顯示有三維㈣立體 顯示畫面。 本發明的功效是針對複雜道路顯現各種角度圖標，提 供駕駛人接近真實的駕駛景象且明確的導引，提高使用便 10 利性及產品價值。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合爹考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清 楚的明白。 15 如圖1所示，本發明三維圖標表示方法，在本實施例 中是以配合車輛用導航器3使用作說明，當然亦可廣泛應 用於個人數位助理（PDA)或行動電話等移動式數位產品。 本實施例是運用一既有的二維地圖資料庫4，事先在電腦中 處理獲得一新的三維地圖資料庫5及一立體顯示晝面6，再 20 以光碟或其他儲存媒體形式供車上導航器3讀取使用。既 有二維地圖資料庫4中儲存有平面地圖資料41，及設施基 本資料42。其中，平面地圖資料41包括地圖背景色、道路 形狀等；設施基本資料42包括地圖上所標示設施之地點經 緯度座標、平面圖標、類別碼等資料。平面圖標是指用來 5 ίο 15 2〇 1247911 f現在導航器之螢幕上的設施二維代表圖形；類別碼則是 ,皆°種叹^ ’如各級學校、醫院、公家機關等單位所編 5丁的代碼。 :配合㈣圖2，本方法在電腦中所作處理包含以下步驟 , $ t疋名人呈現二維圖標的地點。依據平面地圖資料 迖擇奴王現二維圖標的地點，並抽出位於此地點之 的設施基本資料以供後續參照使用。一般而言， 是選擇較複雜的交叉路口或圓環作為設置三維圖標之 地點。 步领12 1予新基本資料51。輕位於被選定地點之設施 與二=地圖資料庫4中之設施類別碼及經緯度座標等 基本貪料42作區別’需將該等設施賦予新的基本資料 Η ’包含新類別碼及新輯度座標，作為後續的三維 圖標顯示處理專用資料。 乂驟二3:製作設施立體圖標52。配合參閱圖3、圖4，在本 2施例疋以一般的繪圖軟體，繪製可真實呈現設施各 角度外觀的BMP檔圖像。針對每一設施配合緣製有八 方位或十二方位的方位角立體圖標52，對應於每一方 !又有繪製有°。、3〇。、60。三種俯角立體圖標52。 母—張立體圖標52存作大圖標與小圖標兩種，尺寸為 --48χ48.64χ64^96χ96^ι28χ i28 ^ 中的任兩種。 士圖3所不’八方位圖是針對外觀具較低變化性 7 5 10 15 1247911 謂稱程度的設施所備製，圖中以同—比例尺、3〇。俯 角顯示設施八個方位的立體狀態。如圖4所示，十二 =圖是針對外觀具顯著變化性及對稱程度的設施所 備衣’圖中以同—比例尺、6〇。俯角顯示設施十二個方 位的立體狀態。 有關圖像色彩方面，太士本 面在本貫〜财，為配合導航 °° 本身色盤顏色數，將FI ς 〇 l — I ^圖才示52上每一像素所使用 色彩數限制為16色（第0色~第15色）。其中，第〇 色為透明色。為減少圖標覆蓋地圖面積，可將透明色 °P刀剪下，只保留第1〜15色不透明部分。 步驟^建立^維地圖資料庫5。依據步驟12所得到新的 叹施基本貧料5卜配合加入步驟13所製得具各種俯角 及相對方位的立體圖標52’統合整理成該三维地圖資 料庫5。 貝 V .‘聚15胃料#交換。將新的三維地圖資料庫5中每一新類 別碼對應到-個文字碼及預設的比例尺地圖。當新類、 別碼所代表設施不是重要地標，則類別碼對應到小比 例尺地圖，亦即只有在螢幕顯示小範圍地圖時才顯示 —出此設施圖形。當類別碼所代表設施為重要地標，則 類別碼可同時對應到大比例尺與小比例尺地圖，亦即 不論螢幕顯示大或小範圍地圖’皆會顯示出此類别碼 所代表設施圖形。 步驟16:製作立體顯示畫面6。結合既有的平面地圖資料 及步驟14所得三維地@資料庫5，並運用經資料變 20 1247911 換處理的設施類別碼製得該立體顯示畫面6。在製作立 體顯不畫面6過程中，為快速找到適當的立體圖標52 並呈現在地圖上，需先建立一對照表。其對照原則以 5 資料庫裡的大比例尺與小比例尺兩種地圖來說，大比 例尺地圖上標示步驟13中所述之小圖標（如36χ 36、 48x 48 )，並顯現出大略的設施分布；小比例尺地圖上 標示大圖標（如64χ 64、96χ 96)，並顯現較詳細的設 施分布。 /驟17 ·資料整合。將導航器3所需要資料，包括步驟16 所得到立體頦示晝面6，及高速公路略圖、車道導引、 道路交叉點擴大圖等資料加以整合，作成光碟形式的 導航地圖片7供車上導航器3讀取使用。 •在本實施例中’裝設於車内的導航器3與配合使用的 15 導航地圖片7，實際運作流程如圖5所示，包括： 步驟21 _判斷車行速度及方位。有關車行速度資訊是來自 於車輛本身的測速器。車行方位則是藉由裝設於導航 器内之陀螺儀。配合參考圖6，陀螺儀將所在方位綱 劃分並設定為第0〜31區# 32個區域，並利用磁場變 化原理判斷車輛所處方位。 步驟22:針對車速選擇適當比例尺地圖及其圖標。當車^ 速度块時，導航器3自動選擇大比例尺地圖，並顯六 =反之，當車行速度緩慢或停止時，導航器自 動轉換^小關尺地圖，並顯示大圖標。當然，亦 可由使用者自行調動顯示晝面的澍覽俯角（亦即顯示 20 1247911 不同俯角的圖標）。 少驟23 :針對方位選擇適當的顯示圖標。導航器依據陀螺 儀所測得之車行方位旋轉量判斷目前所處位置及行進 方向’並自地圖片讀取適當的顯示地圖及圖標。 配合參閱圖3及圖6〜圖8，就外觀變化性及對稱 私度低之設施而言，分配有八張方位圖像供顯示，也 就是每一張方位圖像，會在陀螺儀的32塊區域的連 續四塊區域中對應出現。舉例來說，當車輛行進方位 在第30〜〇〜2號區之間（也就是車頭朝向第3〇〜〇〜2號 區所代表方位），並由A路駛近該設施時，導航器3 之螢幕上顯示出如圖6之圖標；當車輛行進方位在第 18〜22號區之間，並由b路駛近該設施時，螢幕上顯 示如圖7之圖標；當車輛行進方位在第1〇〜14號區之 間’並由C路駛近該設施時，螢幕上顯示如圖8之圖 標。 同理，就外觀具顯著變化性及對稱程度之設施而 言，分配有十二張方位圖像，因此可就車行較小的方 位變化量，導航器之螢幕上即變換顯示出對應的方位 圖標。 歸納上述，本發明三維圖標表示方法，應用三維圖標 的繪製及資料變換、整合技術，針對較複雜之道路，以不 同的設施方位視角即時顯現立體圖像，使導航器之螢幕上 顯示晝面更接近真實的駕駛景象，提供駕駛人更明確的導 引，確實可達到方便實用及提高產品價值之目的。 10 1247911 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 ，以此限定本發明實施之範圍’即大凡依本發明中請專利 範圍及發明說明書内容所作$雜@ 曰Μ合所作之間早的等效變化與修飾，皆 應仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 一圖1疋本發明三維圖標表示方法之較佳實施例之方塊 示意圖； ' 圖2是該較佳實施例之流程圖； 圖3是針對外觀變化性小或較對稱之設施，繪製八個 方位角的立體圖標； 一田 疋針對外觀變化性大或較不對稱之設施，繪製十 二個方位角的立體圖標； 圖5疋一導航器實際使用時的運作流程；及 圖6 8疋在該導航器螢幕上立體圖標的示意圖。 11 1247911 【圖式之主要元件代表符號說明】 η 〜17 ‘ 步驟 5 * … 三維地圖資料庫 21-23 * 步驟 5Γ …新基本資料 3 * 導航 52* … 立體圖標 4 * 、* 二維地圖資料庫 6 … 立體顯示晝面 41… 平面地圖貢料 7 …♦導航地圖片 42 … 設施基本資料 12BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an icon representation method, and more particularly to a three-dimensional icon representation method that can display a near real driving scene. 5 [Prior Art] In recent years, the navigation of vehicles developed using the Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used and trusted by motorists. However, in the current navigators on the market, the icons in the form of plane top view or symbol 10 15 are displayed on the map, and when the driver walks to the complex intersection η or ring, it is often displayed on the screen. Azimuth production has doubts, and the speed of the goods is expected to check the relative position of the control vehicle (4) and the marked facility. β The current information technology upgrade, the system performance icon image of the navigator „, therefore should actively develop more practical icon ^ technology to provide a more clear guidance for the driver. [Summary] Therefore, make the screen display The purpose of the invention is to provide a three-dimensional icon representation method for displaying a stereoscopic icon that is close to the real driving scene, and then the method of the three-dimensional icon table of the invention is from the national one, and the utility model uses a built-in $1000 surface. The material and facility materials have a bite. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: θ ^库进行处 ΐ Α 选 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 在 Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Β Stereoscopic icons of various angles Ο 20 1247911 c · The category code and stereoscopic picture of the integrated facility are a month group; f shows the establishment of a three-dimensional map database. D. Data transformation, so that each facility category code corresponds to a text code and at least one Plane map. 5 E. Using the category code of the data transformation and combining the plane map data with the three-dimensional map database to create a display Dimensional (4) Stereoscopic display screen. The function of the present invention is to display various angle icons for complex roads, and provide a clear guidance for the driver to approach the real driving scene, thereby improving the convenience and product value. The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and functions will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the drawings. FIG. In this embodiment, the use of the vehicle navigator 3 is described. Of course, it can also be widely applied to mobile digital products such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) or mobile phones. This embodiment uses an existing two-dimensional map data. The library 4 is processed in advance in the computer to obtain a new three-dimensional map database 5 and a stereoscopic display surface 6, and then 20 is used for reading and using the on-board navigator 3 in the form of a compact disc or other storage medium. The library 4 stores plane map data 41 and facility basic materials 42. The plane map data 41 includes map background color, road shape, and the like; This material 42 includes the latitude and longitude coordinates, flat icons, category codes, etc. of the location of the facilities indicated on the map. The flat icon refers to the two-dimensional representation of the facilities on the screen of the current navigator for 5 ίο 15 2〇1247911 f; Then, all kinds of sighs ^ 'such as all levels of schools, hospitals, public institutions and other units compiled by 5 Ding code: : (4) Figure 2, the method of processing in the computer contains the following steps, $ t疋 celebrity presents two The location of the dimension icon. Select the location of the two-dimensional icon of the slave king based on the map data, and extract the basic information of the facility at the location for subsequent reference. Generally speaking, choose a more complicated intersection or ring. As the place to set the 3D icon. Step 12 1 to the new basic information 51. The difference between the facility at the selected location and the facility type code and latitude and longitude coordinates in the map database 4 is 'there is a need to assign new basic information to the facility'. Include new category code and new degree Coordinates, as a follow-up three-dimensional icon display processing special data. Step 2: Production facility stereo icon 52. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, a general drawing software is used to draw a BMP file image that can realistically present the appearance of the angle of the facility. For each facility, there are eight or twelve azimuth stereoscopic icons 52, corresponding to each side! 3〇. 60. Three elevation angle stereo icons 52. The mother-dimensional stereo icon 52 is stored as a large icon and a small icon, and the size is any one of --48χ48.64χ64^96χ96^ι28χ i28^. The map of the three maps is not prepared for the appearance of the lower variability 7 5 10 15 1247911 The degree of the prefabricated facilities, the same scale - scale, 3 图. The elevation angle shows the stereoscopic state of the facility in eight orientations. As shown in Figure 4, the twelve = map is for the appearance of the building with significant variability and symmetry. The depression angle shows the stereoscopic state of the facility in twelve positions. Regarding the color of the image, the number of colors used in each pixel of the 52 FI — — — — — — — — — — — — — ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° Color (0th color to 15th color). Among them, the first color is transparent. In order to reduce the area of the icon covering the map, the transparent color °P knife can be cut off, and only the first to 15th color opaque portions are retained. Step ^ Create a ^ dimensional map database 5. According to the new sighing basic poor material 5 obtained in step 12, the three-dimensional map material library 5 having various depression angles and relative orientations prepared in step 13 is integrated and integrated into the three-dimensional map material library 5. Bay V. 'Poly 15 stomach material # exchange. Each new category code in the new three-dimensional map database 5 is mapped to a text code and a preset scale map. When the new class and the code represented by the code are not important landmarks, the category code corresponds to a small scale map, that is, it is displayed only when the screen displays a small range map. When the category code represents an important landmark, the category code can correspond to both large-scale and small-scale maps, that is, whether the screen displays large or small-scale maps, the facility graphics represented by the category code are displayed. Step 16: Create a stereoscopic display screen 6. The stereoscopic display screen 6 is obtained by combining the existing planar map data and the three-dimensional data@database 5 obtained in step 14 and using the facility category code processed by the data change 20 1247911. In the process of making the stereo display 6, in order to quickly find the appropriate stereo icon 52 and present it on the map, a comparison table needs to be established first. The comparison principle is to use the large scale and small scale maps in the 5 database. The large scale maps indicate the small icons described in step 13 (such as 36χ 36, 48x 48), and show a rough distribution of facilities; small Large icons (such as 64χ 64, 96χ 96) are displayed on the scale map and show a more detailed distribution of facilities. /Step 17 · Data integration. Integrate the information required by the navigator 3, including the stereoscopic display surface 6 obtained in step 16, and the information such as the highway thumbnail, the lane guide, and the road intersection enlargement map, to create a navigation map image 7 in the form of a disc. Navigator 3 reads and uses. In the present embodiment, the navigator 3 installed in the vehicle and the navigating picture 7 are used. The actual operation flow is as shown in FIG. 5, and includes: Step 21: Determine the speed and orientation of the vehicle. Information about the speed of the car is from the speedometer of the vehicle itself. The direction of the car is by the gyroscope installed in the navigator. Referring to Fig. 6, the gyroscope divides and sets the orientation of the gyroscope into 32 regions from 0th to 31st, and uses the principle of magnetic field change to judge the position of the vehicle. Step 22: Select an appropriate scale map and its icon for the vehicle speed. When the car speed block, the navigator 3 automatically selects the large scale map, and displays six = conversely, when the car speed is slow or stopped, the navigator automatically converts the small map and displays the large icon. Of course, it is also possible for the user to mobilize the viewing angle of the display surface (that is, the icon showing 20 1247911 different depression angles). Less than 23: Select the appropriate display icon for the orientation. The Navigator determines the current position and direction of travel based on the amount of rotation of the vehicle's azimuth measured by the gyroscope and reads the appropriate display map and icon from the map. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, in the case of facilities with variability in appearance and low symmetry, eight orientation images are allocated for display, that is, each orientation image is displayed in the gyroscope 32. Corresponding occurrences in consecutive four blocks of the block area. For example, when the vehicle travels between the 30th ~ 〇 ~ 2 area (that is, the head is facing the direction represented by the 3rd ~ 〇 ~ 2 area), and the road is approached by the A road, the navigator On the screen of 3, the icon shown in Figure 6 is displayed; when the vehicle is traveling between the 18th and 22nd zones, and the road is approached by the b road, the icon shown in Figure 7 is displayed on the screen; When the area between the 1st and the 14th is 'and is approached by the C road, the icon shown in Figure 8 is displayed on the screen. In the same way, in the case of a facility with significant variability and symmetry, 12 orientation images are assigned, so that the position of the navigation device can be changed, and the corresponding orientation is displayed on the screen of the navigator. icon. In summary, the three-dimensional icon representation method of the present invention applies a three-dimensional icon drawing and data transformation and integration technology to instantly display a stereoscopic image with different facility azimuth angles for a more complex road, so that the navigator screen is displayed on the screen of the navigator. Close to the real driving scene, providing drivers with a clearer guidance, can indeed achieve the purpose of convenience and practical value and product value. 10 1247911 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and if not, the scope of the present invention is limited to the extent that the invention is in accordance with the scope of the invention and the contents of the invention. Early equivalent changes and modifications between the two should be within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a three-dimensional icon representation method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preferred embodiment; FIG. 3 is small or more symmetrical for appearance. Facility, draw three-dimensional icons of azimuth; Yitian draws a three-dimensional icon of twelve azimuths for facilities with large or asymmetrical appearance; Figure 5 shows the operational flow of the navigator in actual use; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic icon on the navigator screen. 11 1247911 [Description of main components of the diagram] η ~ 17 ' Step 5 * ... 3D map database 21-23 * Step 5 Γ ... New basic data 3 * Navigation 52* ... Stereo icon 4 * , * 2D map data Library 6 ... Stereo display 昼 41... Flat map tribute 7 ... ♦ Navigator map 42 ... Facility basic information 12