1226271 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種運用於線切割放電加工機的校垂直方法 ，尤指一種利用一個已知高度的偵測參考點，配合讓上、 下機頭不同位置的靠邊，即能順利求得上、下機頭的高度 及垂直位置之線切割放電加工機尋邊校垂直方法。 【先前技術】 目前習知的線切割放電加工機的校垂直技術，一般係 ㈣如美國第4|931’614號及第5，_，691號專利案等所 不以垂直％c正器來進行垂直校正，如第五圖所示，該垂直 枚正器（9 〇 )係設有上、下二個彼此絕緣6H貞測裝置（ 9 1 ) ( 9 2 )，該二偵測裝置（9丄）（9 2 )必須互 相平行且位於同一垂直面。 如第六圖所示，將垂直校正器（9 〇 )定位於線切割 放電加工機的工作台（50)，當連結於上、下機頭（5 1 ) ( 5 2 )的切割線（5 3 )與偵測裝置（9丄）（9 2 )接觸時’切割、線（5 3 )的接觸訊號便會由摘測裝置 (9 1 )( 9 2 )傳送到一用以控制整機系統的控制單元 〔圖中未不〕，因此，若控制單元同時收到二偵測裝置（1226271 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention is a vertical calibration method applied to a wire-cut electrical discharge machine, especially a detection reference point with a known height, which cooperates to make the upper and lower heads different The position of the side, that is, the height of the upper and lower heads and the vertical position of the wire cutting EDM machine to find the side to adjust the vertical method. [Prior art] The current vertical calibration technology of conventional wire-cut electrical discharge machining machines, such as the United States Patent Nos. 4 | 931'614 and 5, _, 691, etc., does not use vertical% c positive devices. Perform vertical correction. As shown in the fifth figure, the vertical energizer (90) is provided with two upper and lower 6H measurement devices (9 1) (9 2), and the two detection devices (9)丄) (9 2) must be parallel to each other and on the same vertical plane. As shown in the sixth figure, the vertical corrector (90) is positioned on the table (50) of the wire cutting electric discharge machine, and when it is connected to the upper and lower heads (5 1) (5 2) of the cutting line (5 3) When contacting the detection device (9 丄) (9 2), the contact signal of 'cutting, wire (5 3)' will be sent from the pick-up device (9 1) (9 2) to a system for controlling the whole machine Control unit (not shown in the figure), so if the control unit receives two detection devices (
即表示切割線（5 3 )位於垂直 (9 2 )的訊號 j位置。其中，為使垂直校正能夠準確，必須讓垂直校正 器（9 〇 )的上、下偵側裝置（9 1 )( 9 2 )具有相當 好的平面精度、平行度及垂直精度，因此不僅製作困難度 及成本问，並且維修保養相當麻煩費事。再者，習用的校 1226271 復的位移調整，方能完成校垂直作業，校垂直操作較為費 工耗時。 ' 垂直方法，除必須垂直校正器（9 0)安裝於工作台（5 〇)外，必須讓上、下機頭（91) (92)經過多次往 【發明内容】 有鑑於前述習用線切割放電加工機必須以垂直校正器 進行垂直校正，有關於操作麻煩費時及垂直校正器成本高 等缺弊及限制，本發明人乃思考尋找一種簡便的校垂直= 法，可以不需要經過高精密的垂直校正器，達到同樣校垂 直的效果。 本發明之主要目的係提供一種直接利用已知高度的現 成物品完成垂直校正之線切割放電加工機尋邊校垂直方法 ，藉以達到降低成本及減少保養的需求等實質效益者。 基於前述目的，本發明所運用的技術手段係在於：利 用一個已知高度的偵測參考點，配合讓上、下機頭於數個 不同位置的靠邊，即能運用數學三角形相似關係，求得上 、下機頭的高度位置及與垂直點的誤差量，順利完成垂直 杈正之線切割放電加工機尋邊校垂直方法。 ^較佳地，本發明可以具有單一偵側裝置的垂直校正器 來進仃尋邊校垂直，以垂直校正器已知高度的偵側裝置作 為偵測參考點，利肖、線切割放電加工機的靠邊功能，在z 軸不同高度的位置做四次靠邊動作，即能求得在不同的高 度進行靠邊之移動量，利用數學上三角形之相似關係，建 立四條聯立方程式，求得上、下機頭之高度及垂直之正確 1226271 位置，順利完成上、 、下機頭的垂直校正作業。That is to say, the cutting line (5 3) is located at the vertical (9 2) signal j position. Among them, in order to make vertical correction accurate, the upper and lower detection side devices (9 1) (9 2) of the vertical corrector (90) must have fairly good plane accuracy, parallelism, and vertical accuracy, so it is not only difficult to make Cost and cost, and maintenance is quite troublesome. Furthermore, it is necessary to adjust the displacement of the conventional school 1226271 to complete the vertical operation of the school, which is time-consuming and time-consuming. '' For the vertical method, in addition to the vertical corrector (90) must be installed on the workbench (50), the upper and lower heads (91) (92) must be passed multiple times [Content of the invention] In view of the aforementioned conventional wire cutting The electrical discharge machine must use a vertical corrector to perform vertical correction. There are disadvantages and limitations related to the troublesome and time-consuming operation and the high cost of the vertical corrector. The inventor is thinking about finding a simple method of vertical calibration = no need to go through high-precision vertical Corrector to achieve the same vertical alignment effect. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wire cutting EDM machine which directly utilizes an existing article of known height to complete vertical correction, and find the vertical correction method, so as to achieve substantial benefits such as reducing costs and reducing maintenance requirements. Based on the foregoing purpose, the technical means used in the present invention is: using a detection reference point of known height and coordinating the upper and lower noses at several different positions, the mathematical triangle similarity relationship can be used to obtain The height position of the upper and lower heads and the amount of error with the vertical point successfully completed the vertical edge-finding method of the vertical wire cutting EDM machine. ^ Preferably, the present invention can have a vertical corrector with a single detection side device to perform edge search and vertical calibration, and use a detection side device with a known height of the vertical corrector as the detection reference point. Backrest function, doing four backrest movements at different height positions on the z-axis, that is, the amount of backrest movement at different heights can be obtained. Using the similar relationship of triangles in mathematics, four simultaneous equations are established, and the upper and lower positions are obtained. The height and vertical correct position of the machine head are 1226271, and the vertical correction of the upper, lower and lower machine heads is successfully completed.
，利用偵側裝置 或工件貼抵於工作台的底面邊緣銳角作為偵側參考點， ’在Z軸不同高度的位置 三角形之相似關係，順利 合線切割放電加工機的靠邊功能，在 做四次靠邊動作，即透過數學上三育 求得上、下機頭之咼度及垂直之正確位置，並完成上、下 機頭的垂直校正作業。 本發明的線切割放電加工機尋邊校垂直方法，可以獲 得的功效增進包括： 1、 本發明利用單一偵侧裝置即能完成上、下機頭的 垂直校正作業，不僅能夠避免習用二偵側裝置有關於平面 精度、平行度及垂直精度之嚴格要求，並且偵侧裝置與垂 直杈正器可以不需要絕緣，有效降低垂直校正器的組裝困 難度及製造成本。 2、 本發明於四次尋邊所接觸的偵測參考點均為同一 點，偵側裝置可以輕易地符合所需要的精度，可以避免習 知技術中，因為所接觸的二偵側裝置的高度位置不同，運 算時必須將二偵側裝置的高度列入計算，造成垂直校正器 必須具有極高精度要求之限制。 3、 本發明可以利用一個現有已加工完成之工件的側 邊作為彳貞測參考點，於加工完成時直接透過四次自動尋邊 的方式來求得所需的變數，簡便快速地完成量測上、下機 頭的高度位置及校垂直作業，並且無需額外設備費用，深 1226271 具實用效益。 【實施方式】 、為能詳細瞭解本發明的技術特徵及突出顯著的功效， 玆進-步以如圖式所示的較佳實施方式，詳細說明如后： 如第一圖所不，本發明利用垂直校正器（1 〇)進行 尋邊4又垂直的貫;型態，該垂直校正器（丄◦)係設有單 個偵側羞置（1 1 )’並且該偵測裝置（1 1 )與垂直 校正器（1 0 )本體可以為絕緣或導通型態。因此，利用 上下機碩（5 1 ) ( 5 2 )移動切割線（5 3 )去接觸 :直校正ϋ(1〇)的偵測裝置（11)，當切割線（5 3)與偵測裝置（1 1 )接觸時： 若偵測裝置（11)與垂直校正器（10)係為絕緣 ，則將接觸訊號會透過該垂直校正器（10)傳送到一用 :二:整機系統的控制單元〔圖中未示〕的輸入點輸入， 即可：知切割線（53)與_裝置（11)是否接觸。 則:j=裝置（11)與垂直校正器（10)係為導通 rr、皮(P丨 極與垂直校正器（1 0 )之間的電壓差或 〜數目，即可得知切割線 c11)是否接觸。 清參看第一、-, 方—圖所不，本發明所採用的尋邊校垂直 方法具體的動作程序如下·· 由初始位置將上 移動切割線（5 3 側裝置（1 1 )， 、下機頭（5 1 ) ( 5 2 )同時平行 )至接觸垂直校正器、（1 〇 )的偵 並記錄該第一點位置的座標（P0)。 (1) 1226271 (2) k向移動上機頭（5丄）一個固定距離，如第二圖 所示的第二點位置〔座標（P11)〕。 (3) 上、下機頭再同時平行移動切割線（5 3 )，讓切割 線（5 3 )接觸到垂直校正器（1 〇 )的偵側裝置（工 1)，記錄該第三點位置的座標（P12)，並記錄第三點 位置（P12)與第二點位置（P11)的平行移動距離（a)。 (4) 反向平行移動切割線（5 3 )，退回到第二點位置 (P11)，並提高上機頭（5 1 )的Z軸高度一個固定距 離（k)，讓上機頭（5丄）移至如第二圖所示的第四點 位置〔座標（P21)〕。 (5) 將切割線（5 3 )往垂直校正器（丄〇 )方向平行移 動，讓切割線（5 3 )接觸到偵側裝置（丄i )，記錄 忒第五點位置的座標（P22)，並記錄第五點位置（p22)與 第四點位置（P21)的平行移動距離（b)。 (6) 再次反向平行移動切割線（5 3 )，退回到第四點位 置（P21)，並再提高上機頭（5丄）的z轴高度_個固 定距離⑻，讓上機頭（5丄）移至如第二圖所示的第 六點位置〔座標（P31)〕。 (7) 將切割線（5 3 )往垂直校正器（丄〇 )方向平行移 動，讓切割線（5 3 )接觸到偵側裝置（工工），記錄 該第七點位置的座標（P32)，並記錄第七點位置（p32)與 第六點位置（P31)的平行移動距離（c)。 (8) 利用已知的數據資料，經由前述三個位置的相似三角 形關係，即可求得上、下機頭（51) (52)之初始 1226271 位置與垂直點之誤差量，以及上、下機頭（5 1 ) ( 5 2 )與工作台（5 〇 )之距離。其中·· 已知的數據資料包括： m·上機頭（5 1 )由初始位置橫向偏移的距離。 k:上機頭（5 1 )每次提高的距離。 I ·偵側裝置（1 1 )的校正點〔即偵側點〕至工作台 (5 0 )的距離。 a、b、c ·上機頭（5 1 )橫向偏移一個固定距離（m) 後，切割線（5 3 )於不同高度所移動至接觸偵側 裝置（1 1 )校正點的距離。 待求的數據資料包括： d:上機頭（5 1 )至垂直線的距離。 e:下機頭（5 2)至垂直線的距離。 X:上機頭（5 1 )至工作台（5 〇)的距離。 厂下機頭（52)至卫作台（50)的距離。 利用相^_三$形關係，可以得到以下的四條方程式： 少+/_ x-l ..........(1) a + e m .m+d-a y+i x — l ..........(2) b + e _ m + d — b x + k-l ..........(3) c + e _ mm+d-c 少+r x + 2k -1 ..........(4) 由以上的四條方程式可以戈· 求仔. ct(a — -f c) e= ♦ - 2c) + 11 1226271 X= 0 + c(-2k + l)]m 4- a(-2bk + 2ck -4- 7m) m{a -Ib^rc) y=逆二 c、lm + a(2bk - 2ck - lm) m(a - 2b + c) 只要f m、k、卜a、b、c等已知的數據資料代入，即可順 利束得上下機頭（51)(52)之初始位置與垂直點之誤差 量d、e ’以及上、下機頭（5丄）（5 2 )與工作台（5 〇 )之 距離X、y。 如第三、四圖所示，本發明直接利用加工完成的工件 (2 0 )進行尋邊校垂直，由於該工件（2 〇 )的底面係 貼抵於線切割放電加工機的工作台（5〇)表面，因此直 分 接利用工件（2 〇 )於底面邊緣形成的銳角，作為垂直校 正的偵侧參考點，透過相同於前述實施例的操作動作程序 ,使用者於線切割放電加工機加工完成後，不需要再額外 架構任何的垂直校正器（1 0)或治具，即可直接利用現 有置於工作台（5〇)的工件（2〇)，完成校垂直的動 作’並求得到上、下機頭（5 1 )( 5 2)之垂直位置與 尚度，對使用者而言，實為一種極為方便、快速的方法， 並且無需額外設備費用，深具實用效益。 沙 本實施例利用相同於前述實施例的操作動作程序及四 條聯立方程式，並且因為垂直校正偵側點至工作台（5 〇 )的距離丨=〇，可以有效地得到簡化的方程式如下： d= Hb-2c) + bc\m^g) cx{a — 26 4- c) e= αφ - 2c) + be a-2b + c χ= 2k{b-c){m-d) {a — 2b + c)m 12 1226271 w. 2ak(b-c) y _ - (a - 26 + c)m 同樣地，只要將m、k、a、b、c等已知的數據資料代 入，即可順利求得上、下機頭（5 1 )(5 2 )之初始位置 與垂直點之誤差量d、e，以及上、下機頭（5 1)(52 )與工作台（50)之距離x、y。 13 1226271 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部份： 第一圖係本發明利用垂直校正器進行尋邊校垂直之實 施不意圖。 第二圖係本發明利用垂直校正器進行尋邊校垂直之應 用計算示意圖。 第三圖係本發明直接利用工件進行尋邊校垂直之實施 不意圖。 第四圖係本發明直接利用工件進行尋邊校垂直之應用 計算示意圖。 第五圖係習用線切割放電加工機垂直校正器之結構示 意圖。 第六圖係習用線切割放電加工機利用垂直校正器進行 校垂直之實施示意圖。 (二）元件代表符號： (1 0)垂直校正器 （1 1 )偵側裝置 (2 0 )工件 (5 0)工作台 (5 2 )下機頭 (9 0)垂直校正器 a、b、c、d、e、k (5 1 )上機頭 (5 3 )切割線 (91) ( 9 2)偵側裝置 m、X、y ··距離 P0、P11、P12、P21、P22、P31、P32 :座標 14Using the sharp angle of the detection side device or the workpiece against the bottom edge of the table as the reference point of the detection side, 'the similar relationship between the triangles at different heights in the Z axis, smoothly aligning the side function of the EDM machine, doing four times Side action, that is, to determine the upper and lower heads and the correct vertical position through mathematical three education, and complete the vertical correction of the upper and lower heads. The improved efficiency of the edge-cutting and vertical-correction method of the wire-cut electrical discharge machine of the present invention includes: 1. The present invention can use a single detection device to complete the vertical correction of the upper and lower heads, not only avoiding the use of the second detection side. The device has strict requirements on plane accuracy, parallelism and vertical accuracy, and the detection side device and the vertical branching device may not need insulation, which effectively reduces the assembly difficulty and manufacturing cost of the vertical corrector. 2. In the present invention, the detection reference points contacted by the four edge seeks are the same. The detection side device can easily meet the required accuracy, which can be avoided in the conventional technology because of the height of the two detection side devices in contact. Different positions, the height of the two reconnaissance side devices must be included in the calculation during the calculation, resulting in the limitation that the vertical corrector must have extremely high accuracy requirements. 3. The present invention can use the side of an existing processed workpiece as a reference point for measuring 彳 彳. When the processing is completed, the required variable can be obtained directly by four automatic edge finding methods, and the measurement can be easily and quickly completed. The height and vertical position of the upper and lower heads and the vertical operation without additional equipment costs. The depth of 1226271 is practical. [Embodiment] In order to understand the technical features and prominent effects of the present invention in detail, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiment as shown in the figure below: As shown in the first figure, the present invention A vertical corrector (1 0) is used for edge searching 4 and vertical penetration; type, the vertical corrector (丄 ◦) is provided with a single detection side (1 1) 'and the detection device (1 1) The main body of the vertical corrector (10) can be insulated or conductive. Therefore, the upper and lower machine masters (5 1) (5 2) are used to move the cutting line (5 3) to contact: the detection device (11) of the straight correction ϋ (10) is adjusted, and when the cutting line (5 3) (1 1) When contacting: If the detection device (11) and the vertical corrector (10) are insulated, the contact signal will be transmitted through the vertical corrector (10) to one use: two: control of the whole system Enter the input point of the unit (not shown in the figure), and you can know whether the cutting line (53) is in contact with the device (11). Then: j = the device (11) and the vertical corrector (10) are the voltage difference or the number between the conduction rr, the skin (P 丨 pole and the vertical corrector (1 0), then the cutting line c11) Whether to contact. Refer to the first,-, and the square-as shown in the figure. The specific operation procedure of the edge-finding and vertical alignment method used in the present invention is as follows: · Move the cutting line from the initial position (5 3 side device (1 1), The nose (5 1) (5 2) are parallel) to contact the vertical corrector, (10) and record the coordinates (P0) of the first point position. (1) 1226271 (2) Move the upper head (5 丄) a fixed distance in the k direction, as shown in the second point at the second point [coordinate (P11)]. (3) The upper and lower heads move the cutting line (5 3) in parallel at the same time so that the cutting line (5 3) contacts the detection side device (work 1) of the vertical corrector (10) and records the position of the third point. Coordinate (P12) and record the parallel movement distance (a) of the third point position (P12) and the second point position (P11). (4) Move the cutting line (5 3) counter-parallel, return to the second point position (P11), and increase the Z axis height of the upper head (5 1) by a fixed distance (k), so that the upper head (5)丄) Move to the fourth point position (coordinates (P21)) as shown in the second figure. (5) Move the cutting line (5 3) parallel to the direction of the vertical corrector (方向 〇), let the cutting line (5 3) contact the detection side device (丄 i), and record the coordinates of the fifth point (P22) And record the parallel movement distance (b) between the fifth point position (p22) and the fourth point position (P21). (6) Move the cutting line (5 3) counter-parallel again, return to the fourth point (P21), and increase the z-axis height of the upper head (5 丄) by a fixed distance ⑻ to let the upper head ( 5)) Move to the sixth point as shown in the second figure [coordinates (P31)]. (7) Move the cutting line (5 3) parallel to the direction of the vertical corrector (方向 〇), let the cutting line (5 3) contact the detection side device (worker), and record the coordinates of the seventh point (P32) And record the parallel movement distance (c) between the seventh point position (p32) and the sixth point position (P31). (8) Using known data, through the similar triangle relationship of the above three positions, the initial 1226271 position of the upper and lower heads (51) and (52) and the vertical point error, and the upper and lower The distance between the head (5 1) (5 2) and the table (50). Among them, the known data includes: m · the distance that the upper head (5 1) is laterally offset from the initial position. k: the distance of raising the machine head (5 1) each time. I · The distance from the correction point of the detection-side device (1 1) [ie, the detection-side point] to the table (50). a, b, c · After the upper head (5 1) is laterally shifted by a fixed distance (m), the cutting line (5 3) is moved to the contact detection device (1 1) calibration point at different heights. The data required include: d: the distance from the upper head (5 1) to the vertical line. e: The distance from the lower head (5 2) to the vertical line. X: the distance from the upper head (5 1) to the worktable (50). The distance from the factory head (52) to Wei Zuotai (50). Using the phase ^ _ triple $ shape relationship, the following four equations can be obtained: less + / _ xl .......... (1) a + em .m + da y + ix — l .... ... (2) b + e _ m + d — bx + kl ..... (3) c + e _ mm + dc less + rx + 2k -1 ... ....... (4) From the above four equations, you can find the child. Ct (a — -fc) e = ♦-2c) + 11 1226271 X = 0 + c (-2k + l)] m 4- a (-2bk + 2ck -4- 7m) m (a -Ib ^ rc) y = inverse two c, lm + a (2bk-2ck-lm) m (a-2b + c) as long as fm, k, By substituting known data such as a, b, c, etc., the error amounts d, e 'of the initial position of the upper and lower heads (51) (52) and vertical points, and the upper and lower heads (5 丄) (5 2) and the distance X, y from the table (50). As shown in the third and fourth figures, the present invention directly uses the processed workpiece (20) to perform edge-finding and vertical alignment, because the bottom surface of the workpiece (20) is abutted against the table (5) of the wire-cut electrical discharge machine. 〇) the surface, so the direct tapping uses the acute angle formed by the workpiece (2 〇) on the edge of the bottom surface as the reference point of the vertical correction. Through the same operation operation program as the previous embodiment, the user processes on the EDM machine. After completion, there is no need to construct any vertical corrector (10) or jigs, and the existing workpiece (2) placed on the workbench (50) can be directly used to complete the vertical alignment action. For the user, the vertical position and accuracy of the upper and lower heads (5 1) (5 2) is a very convenient and fast method, without additional equipment costs, and has practical benefits. This embodiment uses the same operation action program and four simultaneous equations as the previous embodiment, and because the distance from the detection side point to the worktable (50) is vertically corrected 丨 = 0, the simplified equation can be effectively obtained as follows: d = Hb-2c) + bc \ m ^ g) cx {a — 26 4- c) e = αφ-2c) + be a-2b + c χ = 2k (bc) (md) {a — 2b + c) m 12 1226271 w. 2ak (bc) y _-(a-26 + c) m Similarly, as long as known data such as m, k, a, b, c are substituted, the upper and lower parts can be obtained smoothly. The amount of error d, e between the initial position of the machine head (5 1) (5 2) and the vertical point, and the distance x, y of the upper and lower machine heads (5 1) (52) and the table (50). 13 1226271 [Brief description of the drawings] (I) Schematic part: The first drawing is not intended to implement the edge finding and vertical correction using the vertical corrector of the present invention. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the application calculation of edge finding and vertical correction using the vertical corrector of the present invention. The third diagram is the implementation of the present invention directly using the workpiece to perform edge finding and vertical alignment. It is not intended. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the application calculation of the present invention for directly using the workpiece for edge finding and vertical alignment. The fifth figure shows the structure of the vertical corrector of a conventional wire-cut electrical discharge machine. The sixth diagram is a schematic diagram of the implementation of vertical calibration by a conventional wire cutting electric discharge machine using a vertical corrector. (2) Symbols of components: (1 0) Vertical corrector (1 1) Detection side device (2 0) Workpiece (50) Worktable (5 2) Lower head (90) Vertical corrector a, b, c, d, e, k (5 1) upper head (5 3) cutting line (91) (9 2) detection side device m, X, y · distance P0, P11, P12, P21, P22, P31, P32: Coordinate 14