TW542766B - NC machine tool - Google Patents

NC machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
TW542766B
TW542766B TW090128958A TW90128958A TW542766B TW 542766 B TW542766 B TW 542766B TW 090128958 A TW090128958 A TW 090128958A TW 90128958 A TW90128958 A TW 90128958A TW 542766 B TW542766 B TW 542766B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
axis
rack
pinion
machine tool
numerical control
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TW090128958A
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English (en)
Inventor
Koichiro Kitamura
Akihiro Kitamura
Kosaku Kitamura
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Kitamura Machinery Co Ltd
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Publication of TW542766B publication Critical patent/TW542766B/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/626Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/385Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously using a gear and rack mechanism or a friction wheel co-operating with a rail
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/54Arrangements or details not restricted to group B23Q5/02 or group B23Q5/22 respectively, e.g. control handles
    • B23Q5/56Preventing backlash
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere
    • F16H2057/121Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere using parallel torque paths and means to twist the two path against each other
    • F16H2057/122Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere using parallel torque paths and means to twist the two path against each other by using two independent drive sources, e.g. electric motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/26Racks
    • F16H55/28Special devices for taking up backlash
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/91Machine frame
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/304536Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/304592Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with compensation for backlash in drive means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/309576Machine frame
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18088Rack and pinion type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19623Backlash take-up

Description

542766
發明領域 本發明有關一種數值控制機工具,在此數值控制機工具 ' 種構^中,藉由進給機構使得用於放置一工件之一台 木以及用於固定一工具一心軸相對移動以進行機械加工。 相關技藝 差知的機工具中,一般藉由一種使用一滾珠螺桿之進給 機構來移動一台架或一心軸。 由於較高速機工具最近的進展,已經需要以高速進給一 台架或一心軸。 為了達成較高速度,已由嘗試方式產生一種使用線性馬 達作為驅動源之進給機構,但尚未獲得充份的結果。 滾珠螺桿型之習知的進給機構能夠產生高度精確且平順 的進給’但滾珠螺桿型中因為進給速度具有極限,所以難 以付合較1¾的速度。 發明概論 本發明之一目的係提供一種數值控制機工具,此數值控 制機工具能夠產生更高的進給速度並具有能夠平順且極精 確地進給之一進給機構。 本發明的解決方式描述如下: (1)在一種數值控制機工具所具有的一種構造中,藉由對 於X軸線、Y軸線及Z軸線之三個進給機構使得用於放置_ 工件之一台架以及用於固定一工具之一心轴相對移動進行 機械加工,其中對於各軸線使用兩個馬達並使用一齒條J 齒輪將一預負載施加至對於X軸線、Y軸線及Z軸線之所有 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐)
裝 訂
線 -4 - 542766 A7 -------- -B7_ 五、發明説明~) ----- 二個進給機構以防止齒條-小齒輪中產生齒隙。 (2) —水平配置的齒條具有向下的齒。 (3) 使用一螺旋齒條叫、齒輪作為一齒條叫、齒輪。 (4) 使用雙螺旋齒條·小齒輪作為一齒條_小齒輪。 根據本發明之數值控制機工具中,藉由對於χ轴線 線及Ζ軸線之三個進給機構使得用於放置一工件之一台,由 及用於固定-工具之一心軸相對移動以進行機械加工。二 對於X軸線、γ軸線及2軸線之所有三個進給機構中, 一齒條-小齒輪。 用 對於各軸線使用兩個馬達以使驅動力加倍,並施加 載以移除一齒條及一齒輪的齒隙。 、 並且,一水平配置的齒條具有向下或朝向側邊的齒,可 藉此防止異物停留在齒條齒面上。 可使用一螺旋齒條-小齒輪或一雙螺旋齒條-小齒輪作為 一齒條_小齒輪,可藉此產生更平順的進給。 ' 圖式簡單說明 下文參照圖式描述本發明的實施例·· 圖1為根據本發明之一種數值控制機工具的第一實施例之 概念圖; 圖2為根據本發明之一種數值控制機工具的第二實施例之 概念圖;及 圖3 Α為數值控制機工具所使·用之一螺旋齒條的概念圖, 圖3B為一雙螺旋齒條及一雙螺旋小齒輪之立體圖。。 較佳實施例的描述 本紙張尺度適用巾國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公 542766 A7
542766 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 可移式引導並藉由對於z軸線之一進給機構18予以驅動。 對於Z轴線之進給機構1 8係由一齒條2 1、兩小齒輪2 2及 伺服馬達2 3所構成。此齒條2 1係與心軸頭14的一直徑中 央部份呈平行式固定,兩伺服馬達23安裝在心軸頭丨3上 ,兩小齒輪22分別連接至兩馬達23的輸出轴並與一齒條 2 1相接合。 藉由一自動工具更換臂17,心軸14能夠自動脫離式安裝 一工具。 將一控制單元16配置於自動工具更換臂17附近,此控制 單元16係對於一工具倉及整體機工具進行控制。 現在參照圖2簡單地描述本發明的第二實施例。 在一側向型機工具11 〇中,一心軸114配置於一水平方 向中並可藉由對於Y軸線之一進給機構2〇而在γ軸線方向 移動。 一台架115的構造可沿著X軸線及z軸線移動。 一鞍部130配置於台架115底下,在Z方向中藉由譬如軌道 等引導裝置可移式引導此鞍部130,並藉由對於Z軸線之進 給裝置驅動此鞍部130。 在鞍部130的上表面上以X軸線方向可移式引導台架115 , 並藉由對於X軸線之進給裝置119驅動台架115。 類似於上述實施例之進給裝置,利用一個齒條、兩個小 齒輪及兩個伺服馬達分別構成對於X至z軸線之進給裝置119 、120及118 〇 同樣在任何的上述實施例中,藉由合併兩馬達對於由一 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 542766 A7 __B7___ 五、發明説明(5 ) 位置(速度)回饋所控制之扭矩提供一種預負載功能,將一偏 移及彼此相反的扭矩施加至與兩馬達相連接之兩軸(一主軸 及一從屬軸),藉以產生兩個小齒輪永遠競用一個齒輪之一 狀態。藉由上述的預負載功能,可降低齒隙對於齒條-小齒 輪所造成的影響。 並且,配置於水平方向中的齒條24、27、121及124係具 有向下的齒,亦即,小齒輪支撐住齒條的下側。 根據本發明之數值控制機工具中,因為對於各軸之進給 機構係由一個齒條、兩個小齒輪及兩個馬達所構成,所以 將使驅動力加倍,且可藉由兩馬達的預負載功能防止齒條_ 小齒輪產生齒隙。因此,可以三維方式產生吏高的進給速 度’並可產生平順且極精確的進給。因為具有較少個孽如 滾珠螺桿等接觸元件,所以不會因為發熱造成熱位移。因 此可充分地付合較局的處理速度。 並且,配置於水平方向中之齒條具有向下的齒,所以具 有此夠防止異物停留在齒條的齒面上之效果。 特定言之,係使用螺旋齒條-小齒輪及雙螺旋齒條·小齒 輪並能夠藉此平順地進給。 本發明並不限於上述實施例,本發明亦可適用於所有的 垂直及側向型機械加工中心、閘型機械加工中心、數值栌 制銑製機、鑽床及模處理機等機具。 ' -8«

Claims (1)

  1. 542766 4 A8 B8 C8 ___D8 _____ 、申請專利範圍 .一種數值控制機工具,在其一種構造中藉由對於X軸線、 Y軸線及Z軸線之三個進給機構(18-20,118-120)使得用於 放置一工件之一台架(15,115)以及用於固定一工具之一心 軸(14,114)相對移動以進行機械加工,其中對於各軸線使 用兩個馬達(16,23,29)並使用一齒條-小齒輪(21,22, 24,25,27,28,121,122,124,125,127,128)將一 預負載施加至所有該等對於X軸線、γ軸線及Z軸線之三個 進給機構(18-20,118-120)以防止該齒條-小齒輪中產生齒 隙。 •如申請專利範圍第1項之數值控制機工具,其中配置於 水平方向中之該等齒條(24,27,121,124)係具有向下 的齒。 .如申請專利範圍第1或2項之數值控制機工具,其中使用〜 螺方疋齒條-小齒輪(21 ’ 22 ’ 24,25,27,28 , 121 , 122, 124,125,127,128)作為該齒條-小齒輪。 •如申請專利範圍第1項之數值控制機工具,其中使用一雙 螺旋齒條-小齒輪(21a,22a)作為該齒條-小齒輪。 -9 - 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公爱)
TW090128958A 2001-06-22 2001-11-22 NC machine tool TW542766B (en)

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JP2001189156A JP2003001542A (ja) 2001-06-22 2001-06-22 Nc工作機械

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US (1) US6634838B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1270143A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2003001542A (zh)
KR (1) KR100719211B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1224497C (zh)
CA (1) CA2357384A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW542766B (zh)

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KR20030001209A (ko) 2003-01-06
CN1224497C (zh) 2005-10-26
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CN1393320A (zh) 2003-01-29
KR100719211B1 (ko) 2007-05-16

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