TW533661B - System and method of program control isolation start of switching power supply - Google Patents

Abstract

The system and method of program control isolation start of switching power supply is disclosed in the present invention. In the invention, pulse width modulator (PWM) is placed at the secondary stage. When system is booted, the required power source of PWM control IC is supplied by a program control isolation start circuit. After the system is booted, the program control isolation start circuit does not act any more, and the power source is supplied from the output of the secondary stage. If the rebooting is needed, an automatic booting can be performed through the hardware and program control manners in the invention. Meanwhile, under the condition of having an extremely large difference in the magnitude of input voltages, the booting process still can be conducted to supply operation voltage through hardware and software methods in the invention.

Description

533661

533661

___Case No. 90122619 V. Description of the invention (2) Many of its working voltages (that is, the auxiliary power source is used as the starting power source and the isolation method of B is a boat with a fascination, p. 4 It is simpler to use the isolation type to supplement the above A and optocoupler isolation, but it has the following problems and limitations: 1 · When the product is manufactured, the current transfer ratio (CTR) error rate Large • The magnitude of the idling current (id) and the change in temperature 5 will have a large effect on the CT] R value, which is a non-linear relationship. 3. The stability is not good, and the CTR value will decrease with time. 4 • The bandwidth is not The response of wide 5 is not good. 5 · Compensation must be performed twice. The method of isolation of pulse wave compression plus amplitude modulator isolation in the above A circuit is more complicated. Although a dedicated IC (UC39 0 1) can simplify the circuit, but There are still the following problems and restrictions: 1. The frequency of the amplitude modulator (approximately different from the switching frequency, poor layout, easy to interfere with each other, and difficult to compensate. 2 Less than 5 commercial sources, few people use it. 3. Higher cost. 4 · Must be compensated twice. The method of A using magnetic amplification and isolation is complicated. At present, there is a dedicated IC (UC3838) that simplifies the circuit, but still has the following disadvantages and limitations': l A large reset current is required during short-circuit protection. The saturated iron core (equivalent to a switch) is caused by the rapid increase of iron loss. Ironing, the core material characteristics will change, unless the heat dissipation measures are appropriate (such as the core is enlarged), it should not be short-circuited for too long. 2 · The saturated core must be added to increase the volume. 3 · High cost. * Compensation must be made twice I. > There are two ways to use B as auxiliary power supply: There are two problems: I. I. AC input can use low-frequency transformer as auxiliary power supply isolation problems and limitations: 1. Low-frequency transformer is large and easy to occupy. Space rate board, right 43 soil girls. 3 second female milk box to J empty 1ST, _ 533661

9Q122R19 V. Description of the invention (3) π · DC power input can use feed-forward PWM circuit or 钤, 6-separation ringing choke converter or RCC) circuit.

', Genus? ; Switching type, there are the following problems and the influence of S / easiness. 2. High-frequency switching of auxiliary power supply, low-efficiency. 3. Auxiliary power switching frequency and main band = variable shell / page anti-interference. 4. The circuit is complicated and the cost is high. The problem with the starting method is: the method of A consists of inputting φπ

The primary / secondary feedback isolation requires an additional device. The contractor of Β \ and when the load of iW A changes, the auxiliary power supply voltage will change accordingly. This K: = exceeds a reasonable working voltage value. In addition to the above isolation start method, the safety of the user and the user must be at the same time. The system: electricity; = voltage, this electric magic induction value turns in: flow comparison

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ί CP w MC r tb M This :: the pulse of the beginning of f (p-2: square pulse width: ΐ very: the periodic frequency is usually much lower than the operating frequency, and it is week: ' : Pulse protection is too long, and it is easy to cause damage to the parts. 1 Current-limiting low root mean square (root, although it has a Foldback method, the input is limited to the instantaneous gate two, ά meari square 'hereinafter !!! ^) current value, But = two) 'energy loss on the switching power supply M:-ln rms) ~ (v〇ut rms) x (lout rms), because v〇ut rms

Page 6 The maximum output current of Kaixin is still large (sometimes much larger), and it is switched (Which is constantly working, the total energy loss ms when the wheel is short-circuited) 533661 V. Description of the invention (4)

-M No. 9m? 9RiQ small _correction

Degree n will be generated. As the temperature of the heat accumulation power module is extremely easy to cause damage, the full working range of the woman will be reduced. # When the critical point is reached, [the purpose and overview of the invention] question: Source isolation and start method And the way to start > Shao Zhuang _ Programmable isolation for switching package source supplier, omitted :: clothing, its circuit is simple and small 5 due to the application of software 'slightly used a lot of hardware. There is still a purpose in crying for months, which is to provide a method and device for program-controlled isolation and start-up of switching power supply. The feedback compensation is simple, because the output voltage is directly fed back to 1 (: error amplifier, square wave drive). The signal is then isolated to the primary drive switch (transistor) by the transformer T2, which is regarded as a linear relationship in the mathematical mode, and its frequency bandwidth is large (that is, the bandwidth of the error amplifier ^^ It is very simple to supplement the device's design). ^ This invention Another object is to provide a program-controlled isolated start-up system for a switching power supply. The start-up circuit has an isolation function, and has an automatic overcurrent / short circuit protection function and a transient or normal overcurrent / short circuit discrimination protection function. Another object of the invention is to provide a program-controlled, isolated start-up system for a switching power supply. Because the start-up power supply works for a very short time, the power loss is small, and there is no long-term auxiliary power conversion loss problem. The invention provides a program-controlled isolated start-up system for a switching power supply, which converts a pulse width modulator PWM) on the secondary, but not for isolation purposes only and the auxiliary power supply 5 to turn on the power isolation, P c of the passage control Shu

533661 Case number 90122819 V. Description of the invention (5) 电源 i Power is provided by the secondary output. The method of starting the power source is to use a device containing program = · control for start-up control, for example: a program controller single chip (Mlcrocontroller Unit or program controller for short). Once the start-up =, the PM control circuit works normally, and the program control is There is no need to perform the second operation. If the temple needs to be restarted, the present invention can be restarted through hardware or program. The present invention can be implemented through hardware and software at the same time; for :: It can also be started and detailed in the case of a large gap between the two pressures ΐ = ί 5 features and implementation, self-coordinated illustration for the best embodiment [ Detailed description of the invention] As shown in Fig. 1, the circuit block diagram of the switching isolation and starting method of the present invention is changed. The type control circuit of Shi Xun Society is based on the program. The isolated start-up power of the power supply program control includes 10, program-controlled isolated start-up circuit, switch 3 ° transformer, rectifier 4 and switch 8. . In addition, "60, feedback compensation circuit 70, and pulse width modulation, and will make a detailed description of the connection and operation of the system of Mingming ^ Mingming wave and output as-DC connection 'will be input- Power, filter start action and establish start; mad eight-path isolation start circuit 2 is set at the secondary J leather two = two width adjustment. Provide electricity ": the electric power provided by the circuit 2 U & get program control isolation Then, the transformer 60 should be driven to start at the secondary level and set up; level program control isolates the start-up core ^ 533661

Case No. 9012281Q

V. Description of the invention (6) The force ′ is applied to the primary side of the driving transformer β 〇, the primary side of the energy A & σσ60 and then the power transformer 3 is turned off. The primary side is turned on:: =:;, and the output voltage is quickly established to complete the start-up action. If 士 于 山 ^ ^, the control-type control isolation start-up circuit 2 0 is the stop side. "" = The second voltage has been established. And the power transformer 30 secondary = 次级 wave generator 40 continues to supply the DC input voltage, and then through a fixed output mu ~ Mao ί Ai Yi 80 tune _, you can supply a stable. ^ Ι. The power source of the pulse width modulator 80 after the animal is started can be directly provided by the output power. The belt M provides protection measures in the event of overcurrent / short circuit, as long as it is turned out ^: the auxiliary power supply cannot provide the pulse width modulator 80 normally, P…, and the driving energy for high-frequency switching, and the power generation is terminated, and Control and isolation start circuit 2G no longer has the ability to start, other components will stop like / dagger, you can perform strict overcurrent or short circuit protection, avoid #, the entire vehicle system (including the user) due to overcurrent or short circuit for too long And cause damage. —— 糸 However, some over-current or short-circuits are only short-lived. 彳 pWM control circuit needs to be: Newly started function, you can judge the over-current or short-circuit status in the program ~, 々 start again. The three dashed blocks of the current sense voltage circuit 160, the drive signal detection circuit 17 (), and the auxiliary power supply voltage detection circuit 18 in FIG. 1 are mainly used to detect any part of the message that the output voltage drops. The invention can allow the present invention to perform a self-restarting action when an overcurrent / short circuit occurs. Firstly, an input current sensing voltage circuit can be added. 6 〇 In the input path, a series electric current or current transformer (CT) is connected. The larger the current, the higher the induced voltage.

533661

Case No. 90122819 V. Description of the invention (7) The voltage is zero when there is no current. If the entire circuit works normally, it will sense a higher DC voltage; if current limiting or short-circuit protection occurs, a lower 1-current voltage will be induced. The induced voltage can be input to the program-controlled isolation start circuit 20 for judgment. When this low DC voltage is judged, the program will execute the restart function. Its fire 'can add a drive 彳 § 5 Tiger detection circuit 170. Its principle is similar to the current sense voltage circuit 160. In the drive transformer 多, a group of green coils 5 can be rectified and filtered into a direct current. Voltage, if the entire circuit / positive circuit works, there will be a higher DC voltage; if a current limit or short circuit occurs i: there is a lower DC voltage. After judging this low DC voltage, the program ^ 2 activates the function. At last, you can add an auxiliary power supply voltage detection circuit 18 to detect the power supply voltage and pass it to the primary level. However, it must be isolated: the coupler is isolated, and the secondary level is transmitted through the current transfer ratio (CTR). The voltage isolation is as low as the primary program control and isolation start circuit 20, and the transmission voltage value of the dedicated transmission will be at a fixed value to judge its normal operation. Second: The voltage of the electric motor will decrease, and the program will be started. The wheel-out voltage is not suitable for the function of auxiliary movement. Provides a kind of auxiliary power source. In the power transformer 3 ′, f invention is also the second whole household. Also the mouth 7, π _ ^ ^ On the evening of a set of coils, within the manager ’s Vc ”bears the positive voltage. This voltage value is cooperating.% 'For the normal working diagram of the circuit for the pulse width modulator 80. For the program control isolation starting electrical equipment described in Figure 1, please refer to Section 2

Page 10 53366l Amended case number 90122619 Feng b Invention description ^ --- The electrical power supply provides a VCC electric house to the program controller unit 90 and its weekly control, 5 uses this Vcc voltage by and voltage clamping The controller 100 clamps the program conversion positive. The working voltage range 1 is switched by high-frequency electric power: provided by the program controller unit 90, the starter 130110 is isolated and coupled to another secondary rectifier and filter normal working point. Control IC of the pulse width modulator 80 to a positive system).丨 "Turn off the switch 1 20 (controlled by the program controller unit 90)" and no longer perform power conversion. Big: The outer wheel detection circuit 150 is used to determine the turn-in voltage. This voltage dividing surface circuit 150 can use two resistors in series to divide the voltage. The 9 " process ^ ::: is changed to a digital signal, which can be compared using a program controller unit. ”Or“ 0 ”; or this partial voltage and-the reference potential element 90, can also be used as ^ ^ two igh or [0 evaluation signal to the program controller single to help the system ... break. The magnitude of the pressure can be determined by voltage. … —When the siege is large, it can effectively control the normal start-up and power transformation. 3 n * ^ i is the program-isolated start-up circuit 2 0 gas isolation. ', Area & voltage transformer 60 as the primary and secondary electricity when the output voltage is about the combined function to prevent Kai II Vc: inside the house, then make-clamp the circuit, can not move, clamp the electric ㈣' to avoid one Start the PWM circuit to start a reasonable Vc voltage. In addition, when the output voltage is> 3B_. In order to avoid excessive voltage, a step-down circuit is used. Please refer to the situation where the minimum and maximum values of this device are very different.

Page 11 533661 "Repair" Case No. 90122819 V. Description of the invention (9) Starts the same, please refer to Figure 4. First, the power is input from V i η (step 4 1 〇), and then the input voltage value of the Vin terminal is detected by the program control state unit 90 I / P (step 42), and the turn-in voltage is judged to be low (step 4). 4 3 0), if it is a low voltage input, the duty cycle ratio is increased (step 44); if it is a high voltage input, the duty cycle ratio is decreased (step 450); from 0 / P The pulse wave is output (step 46 0), and the switch 12 is driven to adjust the voltage to the normal operating starting voltage range. The% program control isolation start circuit 2 can stop operation, that is, after m seconds, it can stop 0 / p output (step 47), and enter a delay state (step 480), until it needs to reset the start . In addition, it can be directly reprogrammed by the program of the program controller unit 90. Please refer to FIG. 5 for a flowchart of the program control restart method of the present invention. —Start, start the program igp for the program-controlled isolation start, Vin is the output = after the control-isolated start circuit, _ is the output 22, and after the second, complete the startup, stop 〇 / p output (⑽, Douda second is a preset Time, then ^ 〇υ ;, if the voltage is changed (step 54 ^ ^ empty system, unit 90 I server detection occurs (step 5 50)), the program sue Bao. Has the rain occurred Current or short-circuit square wave, that is, the Isolation start circuit 20 will always be 0 / P again; if no overcurrent occurs, the 2 will start until the output voltage is restored. The present invention = U read I / P voltage The mechanism of the time T is a timed second leaf: step%.), This restarts repeatedly within k seconds (step Tian Maosheng said evil overcurrent-or short circuit, if the time is greater than & =! β, and this k seconds is expressed as a repeated start ^^ 疋 overcurrent or short-circuit state, then stop weighing 533661

Case No. 90122819 __ ^ M Q V. Invention Description 1 — New start, enters the delay state (step 58), and the output components are stopped. ^ Bao Li Termination 'Others Figures 6 to 9 illustrate the data obtained by using the input + 28Vdc' round ○ horse example. Figure δ of the electric power source establishes the waveform diagram of the Vc voltage. Figure 7 illustrates the transmission and receiving to maintain the positive path, and the starting circuit is restarted. ";;: 7 ^^ 1 power waveform, short power waveform, transient short circuit solution, and Vc assisted by the start circuit and output at the same time Provided, with] normal setting, auxiliary power

After that, the auxiliary power supply is only raised by the wheel out, ^ about 17 ¥, and it is clear from the 30mS that when the wheel is in the normal short circuit, ~ auxiliary J to about U.5V. Figure 9 says that the circuit is still short-circuited, and the start-up circuit is no longer working in a salmonoid shape, and the short-circuit cycle is repeated for k seconds. At the same time, the pulse width modulator is gradually reduced. [Effect of the invention] Bu Dan works. ^ One of the switching power supply industries in the month f: The circuit is streamlined and complicated. It is easy to control, isolate and start, and is suitable for the military-regulated market. · Small accumulation, low cost and short circuit protection function of compensation capacity. Automatic or intelligent over-current / power consumption can be achieved when the wheels are turned on and off: adding additional circuits is almost impossible without energy loss. Although the invention is easy before / after. It is used to limit the present invention, and any preferred embodiment is disclosed above, as defined by Tiedou Ganwei Page 13 533661 Case No. 90122619 Amendment

Page 14 533661 _ Case No. 90122619 _ year month day __ Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 is a circuit block diagram of the isolation and starting method of the switching power supply program control of the present invention; Figure 2 is the program of the present invention Circuit diagram for controlling isolated startup; Figure 3A is a clamp circuit diagram of the present invention; Figure 3B is a step-down circuit diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flowchart of a program control startup method of the present invention; and Figure 5 is a flowchart of the present invention. Flow chart of the specific implementation method of program control restart; Figure 6 is a waveform chart of V c voltage establishment;

Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of the Vc auxiliary power supply when the output is short-circuited; Figure 8 is a waveform diagram of the Vc auxiliary power supply when the output is short-circuited; and Figure 9 is a waveform diagram of the Vc auxiliary power supply when the output is short-circuited. [Illustration of Symbols]

10 Filter 20 Programmable control isolation start circuit 25 Power converter 30 Power transformer 40 Rectifier filter 50 Diverter switch 60 Drive transformer 70 Feedback compensation circuit 80 Pulse visibility modulator 90 Program controller pre-element 100 Voltage clamp 110 Isolation transformer

Page 15 533661 _ Case number diagram simple description 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 Step 41 0 Step 420 Step 4 3 0 Step 4 4 0 Step 4 5 0 Step 4 6 0 Step 4 7 0 Step 4 8 0 Step 5 1 0 Step 5 2 0 Step 5 3 0 Step 5 4 0 Step 5 5 0 Step 5 6 0 Step 5 7 0 Step 5 8 0 90122819_year month day correction switch switch rectifier filter Known circuit Current sensing voltage Circuit drive signal detection circuit Auxiliary power supply voltage detection circuit V i η Input is detected by I / P Input voltage is judged Input voltage duty cycle is lower than high duty cycle ratio 0 / Ρ Output pulse wave elapses after m seconds , Stop Ο / P output delay

Vin input 〇 / P output square wave After m seconds, stop 〇 / P output. I / P detects voltage. Output has overcurrent or short circuit. Timing: T τ < κ delay

Claims (1)

533661 Case No. 9012 ^ 1 Q. Six patent application scope > 1. The program of a switching power supply includes: eight systems with controlled isolation and startup, to a filter, connected to an input power source, and the output is a DC voltage; The 4 input power supply is programmed to isolate the start-up voltage and provide a start-up voltage; /, the input terminal receives a DC-pulse width modulator, and the 裎 q A in the mountain: ta, electricity to 〇n 8 shots Do n’t isolate the Qin Qin electric power output and connect it to receive the starting pressure; the heartbeat voltage sub output outputs a pulse of electricity to drive the transformer 'its secondary end is connected to the pulse width modulation output end' to connect The pulse wave voltage is checked. . The primary end of the wheel; "Specially changed to-drive voltage wheel out to-power transformer, and the filter wheel out converts the DC voltage to a working voltage; # for a switch, and the primary of the drive transformer Connect the primary side of the power transformer as the switch of the power two and the relay; soil is a rectifier filter at the primary side, and the secondary of the power transformer rectifies the working voltage and converts it into a round output voltage. ; And 矣 'for a feedback compensation circuit, the input end of which is connected to the output band' and its output end is connected to the wheel of the pulse width modulation to stabilize the output voltage 。The input terminal is connected 2 · If the process of the switchable power supply of the first scope of the patent application, the ## system is started, the program controls the isolation start circuit ^ eight I system Page 17 533661 Then, the wheel-in voltage detection circuit is used, and its input terminal is traced to the input to determine the level of the wheel-in voltage; & power supply is connected 6. The patent application for Fanyuan Road's wheel order: its input terminal is connected with the Input voltage detection electric start voltage, capture two? In order to judge the input voltage to control the normal ~ Send a stop start command; pack the clamp; and use ί 2 after the connection; the wheel output terminal of the program controller unit is connected ~, = then the voltage is the start voltage, Includes: Used to receive the control 4: 1 The output terminal of the early fan is switched to the off state. "It is better to receive the command to stop and start ~ Isolate the transformer, connect the switch and switch, and use i = j for both ends respectively. And input power and cut voltage; and: the input voltage is converted into the control start-up voltage> '丨 L wave filter, is used to connect the secondary end of the control start-up voltage regulator, 3B 2 items of m, the normal starting voltage of DC. Isolated starting system, the batch = program control (MCU) of the power supply. # # &Amp; controller unit is a microcontroller L as the scope of the patent application The system that cuts off and starts is more inclusive. ^ = The program control of the source and supply device detects the signal detection circuit—the M current sensing voltage circuit, and the first drive is placed in the system. The three auxiliary voltage detection circuits are 5. The patent application installed range switching, Paragraph 4, 'of the power supply control program Page 18 533661 No. 9012281Q patent application scope _ Isolated start-up system, the current reduction switch is connected, and its rotation is: The input terminal is connected to the 屮 = will; the current signal of the switch is converted to -voltage Λ to output to the The program control is to enter the office, leave the starting circuit, when the voltage signal voltage: ", this type of control isolation starting circuit provides the starting power, such as the application of the 4th category of the j range of the power switch. The program control isolated start system, the drive letter # eight bonus dynamic transformer is connected to another set of primary end, ° 2 = ^ road input end is connected to the drive start circuit for two ends = program control isolation When the DC induction current is at a low level, the two voltages' when the circuit provides the starting voltage. The remote control-type isolated start-up system, such as the switching-type isolated start-up system of item 4 of the scope of patent application, the auxiliary power source 2 = program controls the wheel input end and output end of the DC output voltage connection circuit and The program controls isolated start-up ionization 'whose output voltage is low quasi f = start-up circuit, when that start-up voltage. The type control isolation start circuit provides a program control of a switching power supply. One of the programs in the controller unit, the adjustment-input / ^ is the application of the two-control voltage to initiate the switching: k to a fixed supply —Personnel voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the input person The operation of the degree modulator includes at least the following: (, shall ... Pulse width 533661 Case No. 90122619 Amendment 6 、 Applicable patent range level; The program judges the input by the program of the program controller unit Voltage level; adjust a duty cycle ratio, when the input voltage level is high, lower the duty cycle ratio 'when the input voltage level is low', increase the duty cycle ratio; by the program The controller outputs the control voltage alone; and stops outputting the control voltage after a preset time. 9. A method for automatically restarting the program control of a switching power supply Method 5 uses a program in a program controller unit to adjust an input voltage of an input power source to a control voltage of a fixed output to start the operation of a pulse width modulator of a switching power supply and apply it to the system. Re-supplying the control voltage when stopped includes at least the following steps: The control voltage provided by the program controller unit converts a start-up voltage to the pulse width modulator; and stops outputting the control voltage after the preset time; An induced voltage is output by one of the "current sensing voltage circuit" or "driving signal detection circuit" or "auxiliary power supply voltage detection circuit"; the input voltage is judged, and when the output voltage is too low, a counted second is started , The program controller unit further provides the control voltage to convert a start voltage to the pulse width modulator; and when the timed seconds are greater than or equal to a repeated start second, the program controller unit stops providing the control voltage . Page 20