經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明領域 本發明係關於一種用以密封組裝中的鄰接或接合的組 件之密封件。 發明背景 本發明主要已發展使用作爲管密封件，且將主導地參 考本案予以說明。熟習此項技藝者將領會到，然而，本發 明將不會受限於特定領域的使用。 眾所周知，使用密封件來促成接合組件的連接於壓力 差將產生洩漏的狀況下。密封件亦使用於避免通過系統中 接合組件間的介面之不同流體的相互混合。特別重要的應 用是在管線及管路系統，其中習知的密封傾向有許多先天 的缺點。 管線及管網路通常是藉由互接許多分離的管段而形成 。管段必須牢固地接合以防止失敗。接合亦必須有效地被 密封，以防止沿著管線洩漏及流體壓力過度損失。爲此目 的，將連接的管段通常是架構以使各凸端的外直徑些微地 小於接合管段的對應凹端的內直徑。爲達成此種架構，可 藉由使用不同尺寸的管段、藉由形成圓周槽口在一個將形 成凸端之管段的外壁附近、藉由使一個將形成凹端的管段 成喇叭狀或鐘狀、藉由安裝外環在鄰接管端的附近以重疊 此接合、或藉由此些技術的某些結合。此提供基本的機械 連接，其然後必須牢固且密封。 一種常用形式的管密封件是0形環。此類型的密封件 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 507056 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (1) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seal for sealing abutting or joining components in assembly. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been primarily developed for use as a pipe seal and will be explained with reference to this case. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, however, the invention will not be limited to use in a particular field. It is well known that the use of seals to facilitate the connection of jointed components to situations where pressure differentials will cause leakage. Seals are also used to avoid the intermixing of different fluids through the interfaces between the joint components in the system. Particularly important applications are in pipelines and piping systems, where the conventional tendency to seal has many inherent disadvantages. Pipelines and networks are usually formed by interconnecting many separate pipe sections. The pipe sections must be firmly joined to prevent failure. The joint must also be effectively sealed to prevent leakage along the pipeline and excessive loss of fluid pressure. For this purpose, the pipe sections to be connected are generally structured so that the outer diameter of each convex end is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding concave end of the joint pipe section. To achieve such a structure, a pipe section of different sizes can be used, a circumferential notch can be formed near the outer wall of a pipe section that will form a convex end, The outer ring is installed near the adjacent pipe ends to overlap this joint, or by some combination of these techniques. This provides a basic mechanical connection, which must then be secure and sealed. One common form of tube seal is the O-ring. This type of seal This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-4- 507056 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2) 包含通常具有圓形橫截面的圓形環，其以諸如橡膠的彈性 材料形成。其典型地固持於形成在管段一端附近的圓周I曹 內，此端一般爲凸端。〇形環的尺寸是徑向地突起超過固 持槽的上邊緣，在管端的周圍表面上方，使得在插入接合 管段的對應凹端後，0形環被彈性地壓緊。在某些狀況下 ，圓周槽亦是形成在凹管端的內周圍附近，以促成〇形環 的限制固持，且在安裝後抗拒接合管段的拉出。 此類型的0形環已被發現滿意地使用於相當小規模及 低壓力的應用上。然而，其使用在諸如水與污水主幹管上 的較大規模管線上，是有問題的，因爲在接合管端時，需 要相當高位準的軸向力爲了要壓緊密封件。而且，已證明 安裝時放置0形環密封件有實際上的困難，因爲在安裝過 程中，密封件傾向沿著周圍表面滾動，以回應管端的相對 軸向位移。已發現的另一缺點是，習知0形環密封件在高 壓應用上提供不當的密封性能。 在意圖提出習知〇形環密封件的某些先天限制時，已 發展出V形壓力環或V形環。此些密封件通常還是環形或 圈形。然而，其橫截面輪廓一般爲V形或U形，其在輪廓 上以一對分叉的「臂」界定。使用時，此密封件的定位使 得V形的一個臂徑向地向內分叉，用以與凸管端的外圓周 密封接合，同時另一個臂徑向地向外分叉，用以與接合凹 管端的內圓周密封接合。在此架構中，密封件的徑向壓緊 引起此臂相互移動，且有利地，比起〇形環，其需要相當 少的軸向安裝力。V形密封件亦具有優點，亦即’以V形 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格(210x297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-4- 507056 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (2) Contains a circular ring, usually with a circular cross section, formed of an elastic material such as rubber. It is typically held in a circle Ica formed near one end of the pipe section, which is generally a convex end. The size of the o-ring is projected radially beyond the upper edge of the retaining groove, above the peripheral surface of the pipe end, so that after inserting the corresponding concave end of the joint pipe segment, the o-ring is elastically compressed. In some cases, a circumferential groove is also formed near the inner periphery of the end of the recessed tube to promote restricted retention of the O-ring and resist the pull-out of the joined pipe section after installation. This type of O-ring has been found to be satisfactorily used in relatively small scale and low pressure applications. However, its use on larger-scale pipelines such as water and sewage mains is problematic because when joining pipe ends, a relatively high level of axial force is required in order to compress the seal. Furthermore, it has proven to be practically difficult to place O-ring seals during installation, as the seals tend to roll along the surrounding surface during installation in response to the relative axial displacement of the tube ends. Another disadvantage that has been found is that the conventional O-ring seals provide improper sealing performance in high pressure applications. In the intent to suggest certain inherent limitations of the known O-ring seals, V-shaped pressure rings or V-rings have been developed. These seals are usually annular or ring shaped. However, its cross-sectional profile is generally V-shaped or U-shaped, and it is delimited by a pair of branched "arms" on the profile. In use, the seal is positioned such that one arm of the V-shape branches radially inwardly for sealing engagement with the outer circumference of the convex tube end, while the other arm branches radially outwardly for engagement with the recess The inner circumference of the tube ends is hermetically sealed. In this architecture, the radial compression of the seal causes this arm to move with each other, and advantageously, it requires considerably less axial mounting force than the O-ring. V-shaped seals also have advantages, that is, ‘V-shaped’ paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-5- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 的谷底指向接合處的高壓側，通過密封件的壓力差意圖使 V形臂向外膨脹，以增強密封件的功效。以此方式，在正 常的操作狀況下，管內與管外之間的壓力差越大，密封件 的功效越大。此壓力反應的特色提供進一步的改善在〇形 環密封件上。 然而，此類型密封件的一個困難點在於，爲了要確保 理想的性能，密封件的較佳形狀依管內壓力是否大於周圍 壓力而不同，反之亦然。此密封件亦依據其是否使用於具 有槽口、喇叭狀、或圈狀的管端而有不同的形狀。由於此 些變化遍佈一大串列的管厚度與直徑，密封件的擴展造成 產量的沒有效率，複雜化庫存控制，且造成成本的增加。 而且，引起操作者安裝的誤差的明顯可能性，因爲錯誤類 型的密封件可能被指定或使用，或者正確的密封件被安裝 在不正確的方位。 再者，V形密封件並不是理想地適於管內與管外之間 的相對壓力波動於正與負値之間的應用上。這是因爲壓力 反應的密封件是方向偏移的，且如果在某一狀況下很理想 ，在其它狀況下則不然。因此’如果通過介面的壓力是間 歇性反轉，相反方位的數個密封件是必要的，其將增加成 本以及安裝過程的複雜性。實際上’ v形密封件亦易於堵 塞且偏移位置在安裝過程中。 本發明的目的在於克服或改善習知技術的一或數個缺 點，或至少提供有用的選擇。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-5- Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 507056 A7 B7 V. The bottom of the invention description (3) points to the high-pressure side of the joint, and the V-arm is intended to expand outward through the pressure difference of the seal to enhance the seal Effect of pieces. In this way, under normal operating conditions, the greater the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tube, the greater the effectiveness of the seal. This pressure response feature provides further improvement on the o-ring seal. However, a difficulty with this type of seal is that in order to ensure the desired performance, the preferred shape of the seal varies depending on whether the pressure inside the tube is greater than the surrounding pressure and vice versa. This seal also has a different shape depending on whether it is used on a pipe end with a notch, a bell shape, or a ring shape. As these changes spread across a large series of tube thicknesses and diameters, the expansion of seals results in inefficient production, complicates inventory control, and increases costs. Furthermore, there is a clear possibility of errors in installation by the operator, as the wrong type of seal may be specified or used, or the correct seal may be installed in an incorrect orientation. Furthermore, V-seals are not ideally suited for applications where the relative pressure between the inside and outside of the tube fluctuates between positive and negative pressure. This is because the pressure-responsive seal is offset in direction and is not ideal in one situation and not in others. So 'if the pressure through the interface is intermittently reversed, several seals in opposite orientations are necessary, which will increase the cost and complexity of the installation process. In fact, the 'v-shaped seal is also easy to plug and the offset position is during the installation process. It is an object of the present invention to overcome or improve one or more of the shortcomings of conventional techniques, or at least provide useful options. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
-6 _ 507056 A 7 B7__ 五、發明説明（4) 發明槪述 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 因此本發明提供一種密封件，用以密封第一與第二組 件於組裝中，該密封件包含底座、第一密封部份及第二密 封部份，此密封件是適於藉由此.底座設置在第一組件上’ 同時第一密封部份突起超過第二密封部份，邊緣是相對地 配置且互接，使得第二組件與密封件的接合壓縮第一部份 •以形成第一密封件，且該壓縮將第二邊緣推入與第二組件 接合，以形成第二密封件在第一與第二組件之間。 在一個較佳實施例中，密封件是大致環狀，且適於密 封件在第一管段的凸端與接合第一管段的第二管段的相配 凹端之間的連接。以此方式，密封件是較佳地適於促成一 串列管段的組裝以形成有效連續管線。 較佳地，密封件的第一部份包括第一密封邊緣而密封 件的第二部份包括第二密封邊緣，第二密封邊緣自第一邊 緣軸向且徑向地配置。連接機構包括延伸在第一及第二密 封邊緣之間之橋接段。連接機構包括彈性連接元件，配置 以適應有限度的旋轉或橋接段與底座之間的搖擺移動。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 較佳地，密封件的底座部份是適於限制且密封地固持 於凹溝或槽內，圓周地延伸在第一管段的凸端的外表面附 近。更加地，凹槽的底座是朝向第一管段的近端向前傾斜 ，於相對於管軸的5度與約3 0度之間的角度中，以抗拒 密封件的軸向位移在插入接合管段的凹端之後。 在此較佳實施例中，第一及第二密封邊緣是定位於相 對的軸向與徑向空間關係，使得以密封件支撐在第一管段 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CMS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 的凸端上，且在與第二管段軸向接合之後，此凹管端首先 越過第二密封邊緣以立即接合第一邊緣。在凹管端與第_ 密封邊緣的滑動軸向接合之後，包含第一邊緣的密封件@ 第一部份是被壓縮，且其中爲回應此壓縮及在進一步軸向 插入之後，橋接段相對於底座旋轉或搖擺，藉此第二密封 邊緣是逐漸地向外徑向地推入與圍繞的凹管端的內表面的 同時密封接合。 較佳地，密封件包括第一向外漸擴大致V形凹□,圓 周地延伸在第一密封部份與底座之間在密封件的第一側上 。同樣地，密封件另包含第二向外漸擴大致V形凹□，圓 周地延伸在第二密封部份與底座之間在密封件的第二側上 。第一與第二凹口相對漸縮，以界定大致中央配置的頸區 於密封件。頸區是適於促成樞軸或搖擺移動在橋接段及底 座之間，移動時第一凹口關閉然而第二凹口開啓，反之亦 然。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在一個較佳實施例中，如由底座、第一與第二密封邊 緣、V形凹口及中間頸區所界定的密封件的橫截輪廓是大 致K形。 各V形凹口是適於執行壓力反應功能，藉此在密封件 的任一側上的壓力增加，迫使對應邊緣與底座的接合側相 互分開，且進入與鄰接管壁的加強密封接合。有利地，因 爲頸部是相反指向，使得密封件是壓力反應在兩側上。 較佳地，密封件是以選擇自含有橡膠、矽、聚氨酯、 聚乙烯及尼龍的群組之適合彈性材料而形成如單一組件。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格(21〇Χ297公釐） -8 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 507056 A 7 ___ B7 五、發明説明（6) 然而，將領會到，在選擇的實施例中，密封件是以多種材 料或以不同鋼度、硬度、密度、彈性、撓性或其它材料特 性的相似材料而形成如複合組件。其亦可內部加強或外部 支撐，如果需要的話。 連接機構可另外或選擇性地包括適於通過密封件的第 一與第二部份之間的流體或膠體，或者其它用以提供所需 互動的其它機構。 依據第二形態，本發明提供一種管系統，包含具有凸 端的第一管段及具有相配凹端的第二管段，此凸與凹端是 適於重疊關係的連接以接合管段一起，凸端或結合第一圓 周凹溝的凹端配置以允許凹端的有限度相對徑向位移，以 回應在管段之間的軸向不重合，藉此適應在垂直接合管段 的軸附近之有限度相對旋轉位移。 較佳地，凸或凹管端結合第二圓周溝，其與第一溝隔 開且適於用來設置密封件於凸及凹管端之間的重疊區。 較佳地，第--溝是凹入凸管端。且較佳地，第二溝是 凹入凸管端，於第一溝的前方。 較佳地，此系統是適於與先前所界定之雙邊緣壓力密 封件一起使用。此類形的密封件是特別地有利於本文中， 因爲頸部隨時變形於底部與橋接段之間，以適應接合管段 之間的相對旋轉位移，而不會危及密封件的效率與性能。 較佳地，凸管端結合位於第一與第二溝中間的圓周脊 背，界定在凸與凹管端之間的最小徑向間隙帶。且較佳地 ，圓周脊背界定接合管段之間的相對旋轉的點或區在垂直 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X297公釐） ^ — -9- (請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-6 507056 A 7 B7__ V. Description of the invention (4) Description of the invention (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Therefore, the present invention provides a seal for sealing the first and second components during assembly. The seal includes a base, a first seal portion, and a second seal portion, and the seal is suitable for being used thereon. The base is disposed on the first component. At the same time, the first seal portion protrudes beyond the second seal portion. The edges are oppositely configured and interconnected so that the joint of the second component and the seal compresses the first part to form a first seal, and the compression pushes the second edge into engagement with the second component to form a first Two seals are between the first and second components. In a preferred embodiment, the seal is generally annular and is adapted to seal the connection between the male end of the first tube segment and the mating female end of the second tube segment engaging the first tube segment. In this manner, the seal is preferably adapted to facilitate the assembly of a series of pipe sections to form an effective continuous pipeline. Preferably, the first portion of the seal includes a first seal edge and the second portion of the seal includes a second seal edge, and the second seal edge is disposed axially and radially from the first edge. The connecting mechanism includes a bridge section extending between the first and second sealing edges. The connection mechanism includes an elastic connection element configured to accommodate a limited rotation or swing movement between the bridge section and the base. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Preferably, the base portion of the seal is adapted to be held in a groove or groove in a restricted and sealed manner and extends circumferentially around the outer surface of the convex end of the first pipe section. Furthermore, the base of the groove is inclined forward toward the proximal end of the first pipe section, and is inserted into the joint pipe section to resist the axial displacement of the seal in an angle between 5 degrees and about 30 degrees with respect to the pipe axis. After the concave end. In this preferred embodiment, the first and second sealing edges are positioned in the opposite axial and radial spatial relationship, so that the seal is supported on the first pipe section. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CMS) A4 specification ( 210X297 mm) 507056 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) on the convex end, and after axially joining with the second pipe section, this concave pipe end first passes over the first Two sealed edges to immediately engage the first edge. After the recessed tube end is axially engaged with the sliding edge of the _th seal edge, the seal @ the first part is compressed, and in response to this compression and after further axial insertion, the bridge section is relatively The base is rotated or swayed, whereby the second sealing edge is gradually and radially pushed outwardly while simultaneously sealingly engaging the inner surface of the surrounding concave tube end. Preferably, the sealing member includes a first V-shaped recess which gradually expands outwardly and extends circumferentially between the first sealing portion and the base on the first side of the sealing member. Similarly, the seal further includes a second V-shaped recess which gradually expands outwardly and extends circumferentially between the second seal portion and the base on the second side of the seal. The first and second recesses are relatively tapered to define a generally centrally disposed neck region to the seal. The neck area is adapted to facilitate pivotal or rocking movement between the bridge section and the base. When moving, the first notch is closed while the second notch is opened, and vice versa. Printed by a Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional profile of the seal, as defined by the base, the first and second sealing edges, the V-notch, and the middle neck area, is approximately K shape. Each V-shaped notch is adapted to perform a pressure response function whereby the pressure on either side of the seal is increased, forcing the corresponding edge from the joint side of the base to be separated from each other, and into a reinforced sealing engagement with the adjacent tube wall. Advantageously, because the necks are oppositely oriented, the seal is pressure-responsive on both sides. Preferably, the seal is formed as a single component from a suitable elastic material selected from the group consisting of rubber, silicon, polyurethane, polyethylene and nylon. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 × 297 mm) -8-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 507056 A 7 ___ B7 V. Description of the invention (6) However, I will appreciate that, In selected embodiments, the seal is formed from multiple materials or similar materials with different steel degrees, hardness, density, elasticity, flexibility, or other material properties, such as composite components. It can also be reinforced internally or externally, if needed. The attachment mechanism may additionally or alternatively include a fluid or gel adapted to pass between the first and second portions of the seal, or other mechanism to provide the desired interaction. According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a pipe system including a first pipe section having a convex end and a second pipe section having a matching concave end. The convex and concave ends are suitable for overlapping relationship to join the pipe sections together. The convex end or the first The concave end of a circumferential groove is configured to allow a limited relative radial displacement of the concave end in response to axial misalignment between the pipe sections, thereby adapting to the limited relative rotational displacement near the axis of the vertically joined pipe sections. Preferably, the convex or concave pipe end is combined with a second circumferential groove, which is spaced from the first groove and is adapted to be used for setting a sealing member between the convex and concave pipe ends in an overlapping area. Preferably, the first groove is a concave convex pipe end. And preferably, the second groove is a concave convex pipe end in front of the first groove. Preferably, this system is suitable for use with a previously defined double edge pressure seal. This type of seal is particularly advantageous herein because the neck is deformed between the bottom and the bridge section at any time to accommodate the relative rotational displacement between the joined pipe sections without compromising the efficiency and performance of the seal. Preferably, the convex pipe end is combined with a circumferential ridge located in the middle of the first and second grooves, and defines a minimum radial gap band between the convex and concave pipe ends. And preferably, the circular ridges define the points or areas of relative rotation between the jointed pipe segments. The Chinese paper standard (CNS) M specification (210X297 mm) is applied perpendicular to the paper size. ^ — -9- (Please read the back (Please fill in this page again)
507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 軸附近。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 較佳地，配置在第二溝的前方的凸管端的鼻段具有小 於圓周脊背的直徑，以促成在脊背附近的相對旋轉位移， 在外周緣段緊靠周圍凹管端的鄰接內周圍表面之前。 較佳地，鼻段結合平行錐形外表面，促成面對面接觸 在凸端與凹管端的鄰接內表面之間，因此避免相對尖銳的 插口咬入點在旋轉位移的範圍內。 在本發明的特佳實施例中，管段是以纖維加強水泥形 成，且凸與凹端的形成，包括如先前界定的槽、溝與脊背 ，是模製或加工成各管段的各別端上之對應外與內表面。 有利地，數個依據本發明的此形態之直管段可端接端 地串聯接合，以形成彎曲的管線，或者現有管線中的和緩 半徑角，而不需分開製造彎曲的管段、肘接頭或類似物。 圖式簡單說明 現在將說明本發明的較佳實施例，僅利用實施例參考 附圖，其中： 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖1是顯示依據本發明的第一形太的密封件之前視圖 圖2是顯示圖1的密封件之側視圖； 圖3是沿著圖1的截取線瓜一]π之橫截面圖； 圖4是取自圖3的密封件的放大橫截面圖； 圖5是顯示圖1至4位在第一管段的凸端上的密封件 之橫截面圖，準備與接合管段的凹端接合； 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準「CNS ) A4規格( 210X297公釐) -10- 507056 A7 ______ B7 . 五、發明説明（8) 圖6是類似於圖5的橫截面圖，顯示接合管段與完全 接合的密封件於操作位置中； (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖7至1 9是一系列類似於圖4之橫截面圖，顯示本 發明的各種選擇，設計用於不同管尺寸壓力、材料、狀況 及應用； 圖2 0是顯示依據本發明的第二形態的管段之側視圖 f 圖2 1是顯示形成在圖2 0中的管段的凸端上之承口 的放大側視圖； 圖2 2是圖2 0的管段的橫截面圖； 圖2 3是在管段的凸端上之承口的放大橫截面圖； 圖2 4是在管段的凹端上之套筒的放大橫截面圖； 圖2 5是放大橫截面圖，顯示第一管段的承口與在第 二管段的凹端上的套筒的相互接合於彎曲的半徑，以回應 在兩個管段之間的相對旋轉；及 圖2 6是類似於圖2 5之放大橫截面圖，然而顯示在 半徑的接合管段之間的作動。。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 主要元件對照表 F R C 纖維加強水泥 1 密封件 2 底座 3 第一密封部份 4 第二密封部份 1紙張尺度適用中國國家標準( CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) ' -11 - 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9) 5 6 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 0 第一1密封邊緣 第二密封邊緣 橋接段 2 第一向外漸擴 3 第二向外漸擴 4 中間頸部 5 凸端 6 第一管段 7 凹端 8 第二管段 9 環形外槽口 0 環形內槽口 0 肩部 1 傾斜表面 5 圓周延伸凸緣 6 中間凹槽 1 第一管段 2 凸端 3 第二管段 4 凹端 0 第一圓周凹溝 1 第二圓周凹溝 2 重疊區 5 圓周平行脊背 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 12 五、發明説明（ 6 6 6 8 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 507056 A7 __ B7_— 1Q) 鼻段 平頭錐形表面 切角 較佳實施例詳細說明 首先參考圖1至4，本發明提供用於接合及密封管線 中的第一及第二管段之環形壓力密封件1。此密封件包含 底座2、第一密封部份3及第二密封部份4 (如圖4所示 )。第一部份包含第一密封邊緣5，然而地二部份包含自 具有密封件的軸向及徑向移動之第二密封邊緣6於鬆開的 架構中。第一及第二密封部份是利用橋接段1 〇而互連。 密封件另包含：第一向外漸擴V形凹口 1 2，沿圓周 延伸在第一密封部份3及底座之間。同樣的，第二向外漸 擴V形凹口 1 3，沿圓周延伸在密封件的相反側上，在第 二密封部份4及底座之間。第一及第二凹槽1 2及1 3朝 向相對漸縮以界定密封件中的中間頸部1 4。此頸都是適 於彈性地容納有限度的樞軸擺動動作於橋接段1 〇及底座 之間的任一方向，在動作時，第一凹槽i 2逐漸地關閉然 而第二凹槽開啓，反之亦然。如因此由底座、第一及第二 密封部份所界定的密封件的橫截面形態，中間V形凹槽及 頸部通常是K形。 密封件最佳地是以諸如塑膠、聚醯胺、尼龍、矽膠或 類似物之適當彈性材料形成作爲單一組件。其將領會到， 然而，選擇實施例中，密封件可以多種組件、多種財料或 本紙張尺度適用中周國家標準（CNS }八4規格（21〇χ297公釐）— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)507056 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (7) Near the axis. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Preferably, the nose section of the convex tube end arranged in front of the second groove has a diameter smaller than that of the circumferential ridge, in order to promote relative rotational displacement near the ridge, and at the outer peripheral section Immediately before the abutting inner peripheral surface of the surrounding concave tube end. Preferably, the nose segment is combined with a parallel conical outer surface to facilitate face-to-face contact between the adjacent inner surfaces of the convex end and the concave tube end, so that the relatively sharp insertion point of the socket is within the range of rotational displacement. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pipe sections are formed of fiber reinforced cement, and the convex and concave ends are formed, including grooves, grooves, and ridges as previously defined, which are molded or machined onto the respective ends of each pipe section. Corresponds to outer and inner surfaces. Advantageously, several straight pipe sections of this form according to the present invention can be joined end-to-end in series to form a curved pipeline, or a gentle radius angle in existing pipelines, without the need to separately manufacture curved pipe sections, elbow joints or the like Thing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described, with reference to the drawings using the embodiment only, of which: Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Figure 1 is a seal showing a first shape according to the present invention Front view Figure 2 is a side view showing the seal of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cut line of Figure 1; π; Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the seal taken from Figure 3; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the seals of Figures 1 to 4 on the convex end of the first pipe section, ready to be joined with the concave end of the joint pipe section; This paper is applicable. National standard "CNS" A4 size (210X297) (Mm) -10- 507056 A7 ______ B7. V. Description of the invention (8) Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 5, showing the joint pipe section and the fully-jointed seal in the operating position; (Please read the back section first) Note that this page is to be filled in again.) Figures 7 to 19 are a series of cross-sectional views similar to Figure 4, showing various options of the present invention, designed for different tube sizes, pressures, materials, conditions and applications; Figure 20 is a display Side of a pipe section according to a second aspect of the present invention View f Figure 21 is an enlarged side view showing a socket formed on the convex end of the pipe segment in Figure 20; Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe segment in Figure 20; Figure 23 is the convex end of the pipe segment An enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper socket; Figure 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the sleeve on the concave end of the pipe section; Figure 25 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the socket of the first pipe section and the socket section of the second pipe section The sleeves on the concave end of each other are joined to the curved radius in response to relative rotation between the two pipe sections; and Figure 26 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to Figure 25, but showing the joined pipe sections at the radius Actions between the main components printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives FRC Fiber-reinforced cement 1 Seal 2 Base 3 First sealing part 4 Second sealing part 1 Paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 size (210X297mm) '-11-507056 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (9) 5 6 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 3 0 First 1 Sealed Edge Second Sealed Edge Bridge Section 2 First Expansion outward 3 Second expansion outward 4 Medium Neck 5 Convex end 6 First tube section 7 Concave end 8 Second tube section 9 Circular outer notch 0 Circular inner notch 0 Shoulder 1 Inclined surface 5 Circumferentially extending flange 6 Intermediate groove 1 First tube section 2 Convex end 3 No. Second pipe section 4 concave end 0 first circumferential groove 1 second circumferential groove 2 overlapping area 5 circumferential parallel ridges (please read the precautions on the back first and then fill out this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210X297mm) 12 V. Description of the invention (6 6 6 8 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperative, printed 507056 A7 __ B7_— 1Q) The preferred embodiment of the beveled surface of the nose of the nose is described in detail. 4. The present invention provides an annular pressure seal 1 for joining and sealing first and second pipe sections in a pipeline. The seal includes a base 2, a first sealing portion 3, and a second sealing portion 4 (as shown in FIG. 4). The first part contains the first sealing edge 5, while the second part contains the second sealing edge 6 from the axial and radial movement with the seal in a loosened structure. The first and second sealing portions are interconnected by a bridge segment 10. The seal further includes: a first outwardly expanding V-shaped notch 12 extending along the circumference between the first seal portion 3 and the base. Similarly, the second outwardly expanding V-shaped notch 13 extends circumferentially on the opposite side of the seal member between the second seal portion 4 and the base. The first and second grooves 12 and 13 are relatively tapered toward each other to define a middle neck 14 in the seal. This neck is suitable for elastically accommodating a limited pivot movement in any direction between the bridge section 10 and the base. During the movement, the first groove i 2 is gradually closed while the second groove is opened. vice versa. In the cross-sectional configuration of the seal thus defined by the base, the first and second seal portions, the middle V-shaped groove and the neck are usually K-shaped. The seal is preferably formed as a single component from a suitable resilient material such as plastic, polyamide, nylon, silicone, or the like. It will be appreciated, however, that in the selected embodiment, the seal can be applied to a variety of components, a variety of materials, or this paper size to apply the China National Standard (CNS) 8-4 specification (21〇χ297 mm)-(Please read the back (Please fill in this page again)
-13- 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11) 不同鋼度、密度、彈性、撓性或其它材料特性的相似材料 而形成。其亦可內部加強外部支撐如需要的話。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖5及6顯示使用密封件以形成不透水連接在第—管_ 段1 6的凸端1 5與第二管段1 8的凹端1 7之間，作爲 部份的管線組裝。第一管段的凸端1 5是利用形成於管段 的一端的外側壁中的環形外槽口 1 9。同樣的，凹端j 了 是利用形成在第二管段1 8的內側壁中的環形內槽口 2 Q 而界定。在此連接區中，凸端1 5的外直徑是些微小於對 應的凹端1 7的內直徑，以允許有限度的重疊互接。此系 統是特別適合使用於形成以纖維加強水泥（F R C )的管 ，其典形地具有相當厚度的側壁。其應領會到，然而，在 管段之間的相似互接可以其它方式達到，依製造管的材料 而定，例如利用不同直徑的管段，藉由使凹管端擴口或預 成鐘形，藉由適於軸向滑動在接合處上的外圈，或藉由這 些或其它機構的結合。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 密封件的底座部份2然後是限制且密封地保持於凹槽 2 5內，沿圓周其延伸在凸端1 5的外表面附近。凹槽是 朝向區的一端有利地傾斜，以抗拒密封件的軸向位移、轉 位或滾動而離開位置，在與接合管段的凹端接合之後。密 封件及凹槽兩者的對稱亦有助於防止疏忽地安裝密封件於 不正確方位中。較佳的包含角度是在5度及3 0度之間， 且理想地是約1 0度到水平（亦即，相對於管段的軸線） 〇 因此設置的密封件後，管段是定位準備用於接合，如 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -14- 507056 A7 B7 '_ 五、發明説明（ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖5所示。當接合進行時，凹管端起初忽略第二邊緣6 以接合第一邊緣5。因爲此發生在鬆開的狀況下’第一邊 緣5向外徑向地凸起抄過第二邊緣。在進一步前進之後’ 密封件的第一部份3包含第一邊緣5在向內徑向地壓緊之 前。爲回應此壓縮，且在進一步接合之後’橋接段1 〇在 相對於底座的頸部1 4附近旋轉。爲回應此旋轉，由於橋 接區的相對硬度，第二密封邊緣6是向外徑向地推入與凹 管端的內表面的密封接合。在此過程中，密封件的底座是 牢固地保持於凸管端中的傾斜凹槽2 5的適當位置。最後 ，與管端完全接合的密封件的架構是顯示於圖6中。在此 架構中，與凹管端的內表面的第一邊緣形成第一密封，而 第二邊緣形成第二密封。理想地，以壓緊密封件於適當位 置，第一邊緣、第二邊緣及中間的橋接區置於實質相同平 面，使得橋接部份亦職行密封功能。固持凹槽2 5的內邊 緣結合傾斜肩部3 0，符合形成於密封件的第一部份的傾 斜表面3 1。以完全接合的管端及壓緊於位置的密封，此 應鄰接地支撐表面3 1在密封件上，以確定適當的密封壓 力是保持在第一邊緣。同時，底座對著固持凹槽的內表面 而密封。在此架構中，以彈性壓緊的狀態下的密封，牢固 的不透水是形成在接合管段之間。 在此架構中，第一及第二V形凹槽1 2及1 3是有利 地適於實施壓力反應功能。因此，在密封件的任一側上的 相對壓力的增加將底座的各別邊緣及對應側推入與更強而 有力地周圍管壁接合，藉此增強密封的功效。因爲凹槽是 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -15- 507056 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（id 相反方向，此密封是壓力反應於兩著方向，因此其性能是 不會妥協，不管於管內的壓力相對於周圍環境是否是正或 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 負。 圖1 7至1 9是一系列橫截面圖，顯示如圖4所示的 祖似方位的密封，依據本發明的數個選擇實施例。一致的 特色是以相同的參考號碼表示，因此這些選擇實施例不會 詳細的各別說明。然而，某些顯著的特色被注意到。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 首先，以大部份的這些密封件中，顯而易見的，底座 2的內面結合軸向陣列的圓周延伸凸緣3 5及中間凹槽 3 6。這些凸緣是配置用以與圓周固持凹槽或凹部2 5的 配對外表面接合，其延伸在相關凸管端的外周圍附近。由 於漸縮的整個接觸區域，凸緣附近的局部壓力集中提供改 .善密封性能在密封的底座與固持凹槽之間。此特色已被發 現特別明顯在防止低壓狀態下的慢漏。當由V凹槽提供的 壓力反應密封加強是在次理想的位準時。相似的凸緣形成 可額外或選擇地配置在密封件的外表面的一或數個上，如 需要的話，以增強密封且抗拒在密封邊緣及周圍凹管端的 配對內周圍表面之間的漏失，特別在低壓力條件下。 亦將注意到，在許多的密封件中，例如，解說圖7至 1 0的密封件，第一密封部份3及/或相關邊緣是相對地 比例如圖4中所解說的密封件更厚。此最小化的凸緣疏忽 地折疊在其本身上的風險，在安裝過程中或後來在反壓力 狀態下。此特色亦提供額外的總體積給密封件。這改善密 封件性能以及增強固持力在接合管段之編介面，其可特地 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -16· 507056 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 重要，當涉及在凸管承口及周圍承口之間更大徑向餘隙空 間時。 在圖8及1 0的情況下，密封件的鋼度將更進一步增 加非直線性，當在V形凹槽1 2 .的任一側上的後部份的兩 個半部相互接觸時，藉此積極地抗拒進一步的壓緊。 在圖1 1及1 2所示的實施例中，此安排多少相似， 除了在後腿之間的接觸後產生的抗拒是轉換成在密封件的 頂部拉入動作，因此輔助前腿以預期的方式向上旋轉。其 將領會到，此架構提供補充機械性用以加強密封件及周圍 管端之間的接合。 以圖1 3顯示的密封件中，上腿藉由相似於其它密封 件的機械性而操作。然而，將看的到，此版本的下側結合 圓形輪廓，且以相似於習知0形環密封件的方式作用。在 此例中，於管承口的凹槽將是相當狹窄，爲了保留管強度 ’然而足夠的深以防止密封件的向後移動，當接合管段接 合於組裝時。 在圖1 5所示的實施例中，密封件配置有增大的厚度 於底座中，以改善安裝後的密封件的最初體積，且因此增 加固持力，無需妥協預期的密封件機械性。 在圖1 8所示的實施例中，其注意到，頸部1 4的厚 度已增加’以增強密封件的總鋼度，且最小化密封凸緣或 支撐部份的任一或兩者的風險，其疏忽地折疊於安裝時或 在過壓狀態下。在此或其它實施例，亦將觀察到，有漸縮 的曲率半徑在密封件的種類及底座之間。這使密封件變硬 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ---------裝-- (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -17- 507056 A7 _ B7____ 五、發明説明（15) ’提供更多的”反饋”於安裝時，且潛在的亦提供更緊密 的安排。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 以圖1 9所解說的密封件，後腳3是明顯地比前腳更 厚且更龐大，以提供增加的固持力，且再次最小化此相關 唇部折疊至其本身的可能性。 自前述的各種實施例將領會到，整個形狀’以及密封 件的各別構成元件的架構可被調整，且有效地適合管的特 別尺寸、密封件的材料特性、將接合管段的本質、其間隙 的尺寸、壓力條件以及操作參數。特別地，其應領會到， 橋接段及相關頸部區可以其它形式的連接構件而取代。此 密封件可例如結合流體或膠體以移動在密封件的第一與第 二部份之間於壓緊與安裝時。基於機械性移動、流體壓力 及類似性上的其它安排亦被考慮。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 依據本發明的第一形態的密封件提供許多重要的優點 。首先，其比習知〇形環密封件更容易徑向壓縮，且因此 明顯地需要較小的軸向力爲了安裝在接合管段上。同時， 由於雙密封邊緣安排及其間的協同互動，密封件性能是實 質地改善。因爲密封件是壓力反應的，其可使用於相當高 的壓力應用，因爲其是雙面的，甚至於管內的壓力間歇地 交替在正與負値之間僅需要一個密封件。此密封件不會立 即阻塞或移位於安裝時，且一旦安裝後，不可能接著移位 。因爲相同密封件架構實際上可使用於任何應用，其實値 地改善生產效率及有效庫存控制。再者，因爲不對稱，密 封件不可能容易疏忽地安裝於不正確方位，其實質地消除 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準( CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ~~ -18- 507056 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（θ I----------¢—— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項存填寫本頁) 操作錯誤的風險。此密封件可提供實質地平滑的內外沖水 管連接，無需環、凸緣或其它外接配件。不僅其會產生優 越的美觀，而且降低庫存及製造成本。更者，其實質地降 低地下管線所需的溝渠的厚度及.深度，其依次實質地降低 挖掘及安裝成本。在各方面，本發明的此形態代表實用且 商業上明顯地改善超過習知技術。 現將特別參考圖2 0至2 6說明之本發明的第二形態 。以廣泛的名稱來說，第二形態提供允許有限度的旋轉在 接合管段之間之機械性，在垂直此些段的縱軸的軸附近。 在本文中，名稱「旋轉」是使用說明一個管段的位置是連 接至另一管段（利用外接環或利用形成在管段的端上之凸 承口，及形成在下一個管段的對應端之相配的凹承口）’ 然後移動第二管的自由端，以使夾角是形成在接合管的軸 之間。此旋轉能力是銷當有益的，其避免應力集中且累積 在管接合上於此管不是精確地軸向平行時的位置。應力增 大於這些情況下最後可使管破裂。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 爲此理由，各種嘗試已被製作以提供具有某程度的前 述旋轉能力之管接合。典形的，各種的已知系統已指定相 當大的徑向間隙在凸及凹管端之間爲了適應所需的旋轉。 不幸地，然而此限制引起明顯地難度在密封件位置與固持 方面於安裝與配件時。再者，使用時，嚴重地危及密封件 性能，可靠度及壽命。 在第二形態中，其針對至少改善習知技術的某些缺點 ，本發明提供一種管系統，包含具有凸端5 2的第一管段 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） -19- 507056 A7 _______^_ B7 五、發明説明（17) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 5 1 ，及具有凹端5 4的第二管段5 3 (見圖1 9至2 3 )°此凸及凹端是適於重疊關係的連接以接合管段一起。 此連接是密封的使用有角的管密封，其較佳於前述類型的 雙重作用的K形密封件（爲淸楚的理由未顯示於圖2 〇至 2 6 中）。 特別地參考圖2 1及2 3，凸端5 2結合第一圓周凹 溝6 0，以下將更徹底的說明其功能。凸管端亦結合第二 圓周凹溝6 1 ，其在第一溝6 0的前方空間朝向相關管段 5 1的近端。第二溝6 1是適於設置管密封件在凸與凹管 端之間的重疊區6 2於組裝架構中。第二溝因此在結構與 功能上是實質地類似於與本發明的第一形態有關之圖4至 6解說的圓周凹槽2 5。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 凸管端或承口 5 2亦結合圓周平行脊背6 5在第一及 第二溝6 0與6 1之間。此脊背代表承口的最大外直徑的 區段，且藉此界定在凸與凹管端之間的重疊區6 2中的最 小徑向間隙帶。此脊背段因此是部份的凸管端，凹端將主 要地支撐在此部份上，且其直徑是如此接近周圍凹管端的 內徑，因爲處理能力及製造耐久度將允許，當仍舊確定間 隙配合時。 特別地參考圖2 5及2 6，其應領會到，第一溝6 0 是架構以允許凹管端的有限度的相對徑向位移以回應在管 段之間的軸向不重合。重要地，這允許此接合適應在垂直 接合管段的縱軸的任何軸附近。因爲平行脊背段6 5是相 當短且有助於最小徑向間隙帶於管端之間的重疊區，其允 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -20- 507056 Μ ________ Β7 五、發明説明（18) 許旋轉以假 '、球窩接合〃的方式產生最小限制。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 同時，第一圓周凹溝或凹6 0，在脊背與在承口及管 的正常外直徑之間的換接肩部，允許凹管旋轉在平行脊背 段附近，無需與在密封件後的承口的承口段接觸（見圖 2 5)。無此凹部，爲了適應相同程度的旋轉，在凸與凹 管端之間的徑空隙將需如此大以嚴重地危及密封件的性能 。因此，與先前已知系統相反，以前述結合的溝6 0，脊 背區的凸與凹管端間的徑空隙可最小化或實質地消除，藉 此非常有助於密封件設置、固持與性能。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 同時，爲了最大化預期旋轉的程度，承口的引導鼻段 6 6中，配置在鄰接外邊緣的第二溝前方，具有小於脊背 的直徑，且是形成以界定平頭錐形表面6 8。此表面6 8 是傾斜於預設指定角度，以提供至少大約面對面接觸在凸 管端的鼻段6 6與凹管端的周圍內表面之間。在此方式中 ，以旋轉觀點來說，鼻段漸縮承口的有效長度，然而不會 降低在承口管端之間的重疊接合的實際範圍。有利地，鼻 段的外邊緣是切角以最小化接觸壓力，且避免相當尖銳的 承口咬入點在旋轉位移的限制下。 以實質的相同方式，在凹管端的內周緣上的切角6 9 最小化於第一溝6 0的應力集中，且有效避免相當尖銳的 承口咬入點在旋轉位移的限制下。 有利地，切角6 9亦提供進入凹部的錐形引導，且與 凸承口的錐形切角端互動，以輔助密封件的定位，且並適 應較大程度的旋轉與軸向不重合，於安裝時。此圖式特別 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -21 - 507056 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（19) ~ ~ 地有利，因爲在實際上，技工通常試圖以一角度將凸管插 入凹管。此管然後典形地旋入大約平行位置，插入與組裝 是同時有效完成。胡果沒有由凸承口上的平頭錐形鼻部與 在凹套筒的邊緣上的切角之結合所提供的錐形引導，此方 式的管組裝是明顯地受限。結果，技工必須將管置於接合 段的軸是接近平行的位置，且然後徑向沿著地面滑動新管 段直到組裝完成。在最實際的情況下，這是耗時且笨拙的 ，且有將外界物質導入此接合的風險因爲底緣沿著地面磨 擦。 雖然未解說，其領會到，很多上述功能可選擇地藉由 形成符合的槽、凹部、切角及脊背在凹管端的內表面上而 達成。此兩種方式的互補結合亦應被使用，以最大化在管 段之間相對旋轉的範圍。 與本發明的第一形態相關之前述類型的壓力密封件的 使用是特別有利於結合依據第二形態之管連接系統，因爲 在底座與橋接段之間的密封件的頸區隨時彈性地變形，以 適應相對旋轉位移而不會以任何方式危及密封件的效率的 性能。更者，密封件是穩定地設置且固持於第二圓周槽內 的座，以最小化旋轉移動時的疏忽轉位的可能性於接合管 段之間在上述的垂直軸附近。然而，其將領會到，諸如〇 形環與V形密封件的其它密封件安排可選擇性地使用。 此管段可以大部份包括塑膠、金屬、混凝土、陶瓦、 F R P及類似物之任何適於材料而形成。在本發明的較佳 實施例中，然而，管段是以纖維加強水泥（F R C )而形 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ί請先閎讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝· ,ιτ 線 -22- 507056 A7 __ B7 五、發明説明（20> (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 成，而凸與凹端形成包括各種的槽、溝、切角及脊背，是 模製或加工成符合的外與這些段的各別端的內表面。此材 料已被發現提供在強度、耐久度、可變度、抗碰撞及抗腐 蝕與環境惡化以及生產成本方面的顯著優點。 較佳的製造方法，藉此承口與套筒是與管端一體形成 ，是特別地適於相當厚壁的F R C管之使用。有利地，此 方法亦排除接頭附近的分開環與類似物之需要，其大大地 減少組裝時間，有助於安裝過程，且另降低庫存與生產成 本。其應領會到，然而，上述系統的各種特色亦應藉由適 於使用於管的材料之其它有利方法一體成形，或選擇性地 倂入環與補充配件如果需要的話。以此方式，結合允許如 界定的旋轉接合的配件與特色之第一與第二管段可不需要 被以端對端關係接合的實質相同的管段的形式，然而可選 I t ' · 擇的例如爲管段與環，接合或其它相配組件的形式。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在應用方面，一管相對於另一管的''旋轉〃的能力是 特別有用於管線需被置於不良土壤的狀況，其包含礦物沉 澱區域諸如黑土與海淤泥的昂貴土壤。以此方式的有限度 當旋轉時之能力亦有價値的，其中管線偏斜被需要爲了致 使管線在相當大的半徑角附近。於此狀況中，管旋轉能力 可消除諸如彎曲與接合的額外配件之需要，因此合成系統 是更便宜的，需要更少組件，其最後導致增加強度、能力 及可靠度。 旋轉能力亦是有價質的，其中鄰接堅硬結構的管線中 的某程度的撓性是需要的。例如，在管是接合於諸如水泥 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -23- 507056 Μ Β7 ____ 五、發明説明（21) 壁、人孔、坑或類似物的堅硬結構之處，這是有價値的如 果此系統可旋轉當堅硬結構的外側的土壤經過逼段時間後 沉澱，且管線掉落時。在此種情況下，非旋轉接合是易引 起失敗於管與接合結構之間的接合處。 增加管系統的旋轉能力亦是有利的，其在於較大旋轉 將易於較短半徑的彎曲，因此允許更多的應用變化，其依 次增強此系統的行銷能力。本發明允許將獲得的這些不同 優點於系統中，此系統本質上不會被危及在管密封的安排 及性能方面。 在各方面，本發明的第二形態因此亦提供實際與商業 上兩者的明顯改善超過習知技術，無論使用與第一形態相 關或與其無關。 雖然已參考指定實例說明本發明，熟習此項技藝者將 領會到本發明可以許多其它形式具體化於各種形態中。 {請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁j 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X ；297公釐） -24--13- 507056 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Similar materials with different steelness, density, elasticity, flexibility or other material properties. It can also strengthen external support internally if needed. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Figures 5 and 6 show the use of seals to form a watertight connection to the convex end 1 of the 6th tube_ segment 16 and the concave end 1 of the second tube segment 1 7 In between, as part of the pipeline assembly. The convex end 15 of the first pipe section uses an annular outer notch 19 formed in the outer side wall of one end of the pipe section. Similarly, the concave end j is defined by an annular inner notch 2 Q formed in the inner side wall of the second pipe section 18. In this connection area, the outer diameter of the male end 15 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding female end 17 to allow a limited overlap and mutual connection. This system is particularly suitable for forming pipes reinforced with fiber-reinforced cement (FRC), which typically has a considerable thickness of side walls. It should be appreciated, however, that similar interconnections between pipe sections can be achieved in other ways, depending on the material from which the pipe is made, such as using pipe sections of different diameters, by flaring the end of the concave pipe or pre-belling, By an outer ring adapted to slide axially on the joint, or by a combination of these or other mechanisms. The base portion 2 of the seal, which is printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Ministry of Economy's Intellectual Property Bureau, is then confined and sealed inside the groove 25, which extends along the circumference near the outer surface of the convex end 15. The groove is advantageously tilted towards one end of the zone to resist axial displacement, indexing, or rolling of the seal away from position after engagement with the concave end of the jointed pipe segment. The symmetry of both the seal and the groove also helps to prevent inadvertent installation of the seal in the incorrect orientation. The preferred inclusion angle is between 5 and 30 degrees, and ideally about 10 degrees to horizontal (ie, relative to the axis of the pipe section). Therefore, after the seal is provided, the pipe section is positioned to be used for Bonding, if this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -14- 507056 A7 B7 '_ V. Description of the invention ((Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau employee consumer cooperative prints Figure 5. When the joint is in progress, the recessed tube end initially ignores the second edge 6 to join the first edge 5. Because this occurs when the 'first edge 5 is outward radial The ground bumps are copied over the second edge. After further advancement, the first part 3 of the seal contains the first edge 5 before it is radially pressed inward. In response to this compression, and after further joining, the 'bridge section 1〇 Rotates around the neck 14 relative to the base. In response to this rotation, due to the relative stiffness of the bridging area, the second sealing edge 6 is pushed radially outwards into a sealing engagement with the inner surface of the concave tube end. During this process, the bottom of the seal It is securely held in place in the inclined groove 25 in the convex pipe end. Finally, the structure of the seal that fully engages the pipe end is shown in Figure 6. In this structure, the inner surface of the concave pipe end The first edge forms a first seal, and the second edge forms a second seal. Ideally, to compress the seal in place, the first edge, the second edge, and the intermediate bridge area are placed on substantially the same plane, so that the bridge portion It also serves as a sealing function. The inner edge of the holding groove 25 is combined with the inclined shoulder 30, which conforms to the inclined surface 31 formed in the first part of the seal. Seal, this should abut the supporting surface 31 on the seal to ensure that the proper sealing pressure is maintained on the first edge. At the same time, the base is sealed against the inner surface of the holding groove. In this architecture, the elastic pressure The tightly sealed, watertight seal is formed between the joined pipe sections. In this architecture, the first and second V-shaped grooves 12 and 13 are advantageously suitable for performing a pressure response function. Therefore, Either in the seal The increase of relative pressure on the base pushes the respective edges and corresponding sides of the base into stronger and stronger surrounding pipe walls, thereby enhancing the sealing effect. Because the groove is the paper standard applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X 297 mm) -15- 507056 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (id is opposite direction, this seal is pressure response in both directions, so its performance will not compromise, regardless of the pressure inside the tube relative to the surrounding Whether the environment is positive or negative (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) negative. Figures 17 to 19 are a series of cross-sectional views showing seals in ancestral orientation as shown in Figure 4. These alternative embodiments are indicated by the same reference numbers, so these alternative embodiments will not be described separately in detail. However, some notable features were noticed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. First, with most of these seals, it is obvious that the inner surface of the base 2 is combined with the circumferentially extending flanges 3 5 and the intermediate grooves 36 of the axial array. These flanges are configured to engage a mating outer surface of a circumferential retaining groove or recess 25, which extends near the outer periphery of the associated convex tube end. Due to the tapered entire contact area, the local pressure concentration near the flange provides improved sealing performance between the sealed base and the retaining groove. This feature has been found to be particularly significant in preventing slow leakage under low pressure conditions. When the pressure-responsive seal reinforcement provided by the V-groove is at a sub-optimal level. Similar flange formations may be additionally or alternatively arranged on one or more of the outer surfaces of the seal, if necessary to enhance the seal and resist leakage between the mating inner peripheral surface of the sealing edge and the surrounding concave tube end, Especially under low pressure conditions. It will also be noted that in many seals, for example, illustrating the seals of FIGS. 7 to 10, the first seal portion 3 and / or the associated edge are relatively thicker than the seals illustrated in FIG. 4 . This minimizes the risk of the flange inadvertently folding on itself during installation or later in a state of back pressure. This feature also provides additional total volume to the seal. This improves the performance of seals and enhances the holding interface in the jointed pipe section. It can be specially adapted to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). -16 · 507056 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Important When it comes to the larger radial clearance space between the convex pipe socket and the surrounding socket. In the case of Figure 8 and 10, the rigidity of the seal will further increase non-linearity, when in the V shape The two halves of the rear part on either side of the groove 12 are actively resisting further compression when they come into contact with each other. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, how much is this arrangement Similarly, except that the resistance created after contact between the rear legs is converted into a pull-in action on top of the seal, thus assisting the front legs to rotate upwards in the expected manner. It will be appreciated that this architecture provides additional mechanical Strengthen the joint between the seal and the surrounding pipe end. In the seal shown in Figure 13 the upper leg is operated by a mechanism similar to other seals. However, it will be seen that the lower side of this version is joined Round outline and similar to the known 0 The ring seal acts in this way. In this example, the groove in the pipe socket will be quite narrow, in order to preserve the strength of the pipe, 'but deep enough to prevent the seal from moving backwards when the joined pipe sections are joined during assembly. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the seal is configured with an increased thickness in the base to improve the initial volume of the seal after installation and thus increase the holding force without compromising the expected seal mechanical properties. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, it is noted that the thickness of the neck portion 14 has been increased to increase the overall rigidity of the seal and minimize the risk of either or both of the sealing flange or the support portion, It is inadvertently folded during installation or under overpressure. In this or other embodiments, it will also be observed that there is a tapered curvature radius between the type of seal and the base. This makes the seal harder. Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) --------- install-(please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) order the consumption of employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the cooperative-17- 507056 A7 _ B7____ Explanation of the invention (15) 'Provide more "feedback" during installation, and potentially provide tighter arrangements. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Seals illustrated in Figure 19 The rear foot 3 is significantly thicker and larger than the front foot to provide increased retention and again minimizes the possibility of this related lip to fold to itself. As will be appreciated from the foregoing various embodiments, the entire shape ' And the structure of the individual constituent elements of the seal can be adjusted and effectively adapted to the particular size of the pipe, the material characteristics of the seal, the nature of the pipe section to be joined, the size of its gap, pressure conditions, and operating parameters. In particular, its It should be appreciated that the bridge section and the associated neck area may be replaced by other forms of connecting members. This seal may, for example, incorporate a fluid or gel to move between the first and second parts of the seal during compression and installation. Other arrangements based on mechanical movement, fluid pressure, and the like are also considered. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The seal according to the first aspect of the present invention provides many important advantages. First, it is easier to compress radially than the conventional O-ring seal, and therefore obviously requires less axial force in order to mount on the jointed pipe section. At the same time, due to the double seal edge arrangement and the synergistic interaction between them, the seal performance is substantially improved. Because the seal is pressure-reactive, it can be used for fairly high pressure applications because it is double-sided, and even the pressure inside the tube intermittently alternates between positive and negative pressure. Only one seal is required. This seal will not immediately block or move during installation, and once installed, it will not be possible to move further. Because the same seal architecture can be used in virtually any application, it actually improves productivity and effective inventory control. Furthermore, because of the asymmetry, the seal cannot be easily installed in an incorrect orientation. It substantially eliminates the need to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) to this paper size. ~~ -18- 507056 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (θ I ---------- ¢ —— (Please read the precautions on the back and fill in this page first) The risk of operation errors. This seal can provide a substantially smooth inner and outer flush pipe connection, No rings, flanges or other external accessories are needed. Not only will it produce superior aesthetics, but it will also reduce inventory and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, it will substantially reduce the thickness and depth of trenches required for underground pipelines, which in turn will substantially reduce digging and Installation cost. In all respects, this aspect of the invention represents a practical and commercially significant improvement over conventional technology. A second aspect of the invention will now be described with particular reference to Figures 20 to 26. In broad terms The second form provides the mechanical properties that allow limited rotation between the joined pipe sections, near the axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of these sections. In this article, the name "rotation" is used to describe a pipe The position of the segment is to connect to another pipe segment (using an external ring or using a convex socket formed on the end of the pipe segment and a matching socket formed on the corresponding end of the next pipe segment) 'and then move the free end of the second pipe So that the included angle is formed between the shafts of the joining pipe. This rotation ability is beneficial when it avoids the concentration of stress and accumulates on the pipe joint where the pipe is not exactly axially parallel. The stress increases above these Cases can eventually rupture the tube. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics For this reason, various attempts have been made to provide tube joining with a certain degree of the aforementioned rotational ability. Typically, various known systems have A considerable radial clearance is specified between the convex and concave tube ends in order to accommodate the required rotation. Unfortunately, however, this limitation causes significant difficulties in terms of seal position and retention when installing and fitting. Furthermore, when in use , Which seriously endangers the performance, reliability and life of the seal. In the second aspect, which aims to improve at least some of the shortcomings of the conventional technology, the present invention provides a pipe System, including the first pipe segment with a convex end 5 2 The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -19- 507056 A7 _______ ^ _ B7 V. Description of the invention (17) (Please read the back first Please note this page) 5 1, and the second pipe section 5 3 with a concave end 5 4 (see Figs. 19 to 2 3). This convex and concave end is a connection suitable for overlapping relationship to join the pipe sections together. This connection is sealed using an angled tube seal, which is better than the double-acting K-shaped seal of the aforementioned type (not shown in Figures 20 to 26 for the sake of clarity). Special reference is made to Figure 2 1 And 2 3, the convex end 5 2 is combined with the first circumferential groove 60, and its function will be described more thoroughly below. The convex pipe end also incorporates a second circumferential concave groove 6 1, which is spaced in front of the first groove 60 towards the proximal end of the relevant pipe section 51. The second groove 61 is suitable for arranging the overlapping area 62 of the tube seal between the convex and concave tube ends in the assembly structure. The second groove is therefore substantially similar in structure and function to the circumferential grooves 25 illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6 in relation to the first aspect of the present invention. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The convex tube end or socket 5 2 is also combined with the circumferential parallel ridges 6 5 between the first and second grooves 60 and 61. This ridge represents the section of the largest outer diameter of the socket and thereby defines the smallest radial gap zone in the overlap region 62 between the convex and concave tube ends. This spine is therefore a part of the convex tube end, the concave end will be mainly supported on this part, and its diameter is so close to the inner diameter of the surrounding concave tube end, because the processing capacity and manufacturing durability will allow, when still determined Clearance fit. With particular reference to Figures 25 and 26, it should be appreciated that the first groove 60 is structured to allow a limited relative radial displacement of the concave pipe ends in response to axial misalignment between the pipe sections. Importantly, this allows this joint to be adapted near any axis that vertically joins the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. Because the parallel ridge section 65 is relatively short and helps to minimize the radial gap between the overlapping ends of the tube ends, it allows this paper size to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -20 -507056 Μ ________ Β7 V. Description of the invention (18) The minimum rotation is allowed in the manner of false ', ball and socket joints. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) At the same time, the first circumferential groove or recess 60, the shoulder between the spine and the normal outer diameter of the socket and the tube, allows the concave tube to rotate in Near the parallel spine section, there is no need to contact the socket section of the socket behind the seal (see Figure 25). Without this recess, in order to accommodate the same degree of rotation, the diameter gap between the convex and concave tube ends would need to be so large to seriously endanger the performance of the seal. Therefore, in contrast to the previously known system, with the aforementioned combined groove 60, the radial clearance between the convex and concave tube ends of the spine region can be minimized or substantially eliminated, thereby greatly contributing to seal setting, retention and performance . Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, in order to maximize the expected degree of rotation, the guide nose section 66 of the socket is arranged in front of the second groove adjacent to the outer edge, has a diameter smaller than the back, and is formed To define a flat head tapered surface 6 8. This surface 6 8 is inclined at a predetermined designated angle to provide at least approximately face-to-face contact between the nose section 66 of the convex tube end and the surrounding inner surface of the concave tube end. In this way, the nose section tapers the effective length of the socket from a rotational point of view, but does not reduce the actual extent of the overlapping joints between the socket tube ends. Advantageously, the outer edge of the nose section is chamfered to minimize contact pressure and to avoid the relatively sharp socket bite point under the restriction of rotational displacement. In substantially the same way, the chamfer angle 6 9 on the inner peripheral edge of the concave tube end minimizes the stress concentration of the first groove 60, and effectively avoids the relatively sharp socket bite point under the limit of rotational displacement. Advantageously, the chamfered angle 6 9 also provides tapered guidance into the recess, and interacts with the tapered chamfered end of the convex socket to assist the positioning of the seal, and to accommodate a greater degree of rotation and axial misalignment, At the time of installation. This drawing is specially adapted to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -21-507056 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19) ~ ~ Advantageous because In practice, mechanics often try to insert a convex tube into a concave tube at an angle. The tube is then typically screwed into an approximately parallel position, and insertion and assembly are effectively completed at the same time. Hugo has no conical guidance provided by the combination of a flat-headed conical nose on a convex socket and a chamfer on the edge of a female sleeve, and tube assembly in this manner is significantly limited. As a result, the mechanic must place the pipe in a position where the axes of the joint sections are nearly parallel, and then slide the new pipe section radially along the ground until assembly is complete. In the most practical case, this is time consuming and awkward, and there is a risk of introducing foreign matter into this joint because the bottom edge rubs along the ground. Although not illustrated, it is appreciated that many of the above functions are optionally achieved by forming conforming grooves, recesses, chamfers, and ridges on the inner surface of the concave tube end. A complementary combination of these two methods should also be used to maximize the range of relative rotation between pipe sections. The use of the aforementioned type of pressure seal in connection with the first aspect of the present invention is particularly advantageous in combination with the pipe connection system according to the second aspect, because the neck area of the seal between the base and the bridge section is elastically deformed at any time, Performance to accommodate relative rotational displacement without compromising the efficiency of the seal in any way. Furthermore, the seal is a seat that is stably set and held in the second circumferential groove to minimize the possibility of inadvertent indexing during rotational movement between the joining pipe sections near the above-mentioned vertical axis. However, it will appreciate that other seal arrangements such as O-rings and V-seals may be selectively used. This pipe section can be formed of most suitable materials including plastic, metal, concrete, ceramic tile, FRP and the like. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, however, the tube section is made of fiber-reinforced cement (FRC). The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm). Please read the precautions on the back first. Fill out this page again) • Install ·, -22 line 507-056056 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (20 > (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), and the convex and concave ends are formed with various grooves , Grooves, chamfers, and ridges are molded or processed to conform to the outer surface and the inner surface of each end of these segments. This material has been found to provide strength, durability, variability, impact resistance, and corrosion and environmental protection Significant advantages in terms of deterioration and production costs. A better manufacturing method whereby the socket and the sleeve are integrally formed with the pipe end is particularly suitable for the use of relatively thick-walled FRC pipes. Advantageously, this method also excludes The need for a separation ring and the like near the joint greatly reduces assembly time, facilitates the installation process, and reduces inventory and production costs. It should be appreciated, however, that the various features of the above system should also be adapted by Other advantageous methods for the material used in the tube are integrally formed, or the ring and supplementary fittings are optionally inserted if necessary. In this way, the combination of the first and second pipe sections, which allows fittings and features that allow for a defined swivel joint, may be omitted. Need to be joined in an end-to-end relationship in the form of substantially the same pipe, but optional I t '· optional such as pipe and ring, joint or other matching components. The Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Bureau employee consumer cooperative printed on In terms of application, the ability to `` rotate '' one pipe relative to another is particularly useful in situations where the pipeline needs to be placed in poor soil, which contains mineral deposits such as expensive soils such as black soil and sea mud. In this way there are Limiting the ability when rotating is also valuable, where pipeline deflection is required in order to cause the pipeline to be near a relatively large radius. In this case, the pipe rotation ability can eliminate the need for additional fittings such as bending and joining, so the synthesis The system is cheaper and requires fewer components, which ultimately results in increased strength, capacity, and reliability. Rotation capabilities are also valuable A certain degree of flexibility is required in pipelines adjoining hard structures. For example, when the pipe is bonded to a paper such as cement, the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied. -23- 507056 Ｍ Β7 ____ 5. Description of the invention (21) The hard structure of walls, manholes, pits or the like is valuable. If this system can be rotated, the soil on the outside of the hard structure will settle after a period of time, and When the pipeline is dropped. In this case, non-rotational joints are liable to cause failure at the joint between the pipe and the joint structure. It is also beneficial to increase the rotation capacity of the pipe system, which is that larger rotations will tend to have shorter radii Bending, thus allowing more application variations, which in turn enhances the marketing capabilities of this system. The present invention allows these different advantages to be obtained in a system that is not essentially compromised in terms of the arrangement and performance of the tube seal. In all respects, the second aspect of the present invention therefore also provides a clear improvement in both actual and commercial aspects over conventional techniques, whether used in connection with the first aspect or not. Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in many other forms in many other forms. {Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page. J Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X; 297 mm) -24-