503368 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明説明（w $，本發明係有關一種軟體版本自動更新方法，特別係 有關一種利用SNMP與網路管理技術之軟體版本自動更 新方法。 對許多的要負責監視網路運轉情況，以保證網路正 常工作的系統管理者而言，系統或軟體版本的更新是一 種既繁雜又不得不去進行的一項工作。一般而言，在機 器（或稱為客戶端主機）内，常須要更新的系統或軟體有作 業系統（operating system，簡稱OS),基本輸出入系統 (basic input/outout system 簡稱 Bi〇S)，韌體（firmware)及 一般的應用系統。在現今的資訊爆炸時代，由於資訊業 者對軟體不斷的推出更新、功能更強大的版本，相對的 使得系統管理者也必須不斷得更新軟體。 片但在習知技術中，於區域網路（local area network， 簡稱LAN)中，系統管理者必須親自一台一台的對機器内 的軟體去進行更新。所謂的LAN是指在—共用的聯接媒 體上（如電話線’電纜，或光纖）讓大多數或全部計算機設 備在-個組織内解決互相通信的方法。構成區域網路的 要素是電纜，布局圖（TOPOL〇GY) , ^ ^ (PROTOCOL) 以及網路介面卡（network interface，簡稱Mcs)， 其軟體包括網路作業系統(N〇s)和應用軟體。聰可平 許多PC互相對話，而應用軟體可使許多^能同時。 在區域網路中，如果其所包括的機器數目是不算多 :話，=管理者尚可輕易的完成這項軟體更新的工 乍。但如果機器數目為-、兩百台的話，則系統管理者 k張尺度通3中關家標準(CNS ) A4· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝· ir B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製503368 Printed by A7, Zhengong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (w $, the present invention relates to a software version automatic update method, especially a software version automatic update method using SNMP and network management technology. For many system administrators who are responsible for monitoring the operation of the network to ensure the normal operation of the network, updating the system or software version is a complicated and obligatory task. Generally speaking, in the machine (Or client host), the systems or software that often need to be updated include operating system (OS), basic input / outout system (BiOS), firmware, and Ordinary application systems. In the current era of information explosion, as the information industry continuously launches newer and more powerful versions of software, it is relatively necessary for system administrators to constantly update the software. But in the known technology, in In a local area network (LAN), the system administrator must personally Software to update. The so-called LAN refers to the method of allowing most or all computer equipment to communicate with each other in an organization on a shared connection medium (such as a telephone line 'cable, or optical fiber). The elements are the cable, TOPOL〇GY, ^ ^ (PROTOCOL) and network interface card (Mcs). Its software includes network operating system (NOS) and application software. The PCs talk to each other, and the application software can make many of them available at the same time. In a local area network, if the number of machines included is not large: then, the administrator can still easily complete the software update. However, if the number of machines is-or two hundred, then the system manager k Zhang Zhitong 3 Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) • Installation · ir B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards
丨^ 裝！ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 五、發明説明（2 ) 要一台一台去完成軟體更新將花費相當多的時間。如 此，將影響系統管理者的工作效率。 為了解決系統管理者必須親自一台一台的去更新機 器的軟體這個問題’習知技術曾提出一種軟體自動分 送，更新的方法來解決管理者須親自更新軟體的問題。 而該習知技術之工作原理則如下所述般。 月參考第la目’其為習知技術中，軟體更新飼服主 機（以下簡稱伺服端主機）與欲更新軟體之機器（以下簡稱 客戶端主機）内之簡單部份架構圖。 其中，伺服端主機101内具有網路管理系統（netw〇rk management system，NMS)。所謂的飼服端主機，是指 在計算機網路中，安置有共享資源的節點。伺服端主機 通2是-部計算機，它可以擁有比一般網路工作站更 大谷置的周邊儲存裝置（如大容量硬碟）和其他的硬體實 源丄還存有各工作站節點需要的軟體程式或共享資料庫 等資源。工作站之間的資訊交換必需通過伺服端主機進 行（有的計算機網路也允許工作站之間直接進行資訊交 換）。伺服端主機可以是平行處理的，即在為網路中的其 它節點服務的同時’自己也處理-些事務。也可以是專 門的伺服端主機，亦即在網路運轉期間只為各工作站提 供服務，本身不執行其他事務處理。 而客戶端主機102内則備有軟體代理者（agent)。所 明的軟體代理者是指在應用程式中，接收到使用者發出 的請求資訊後，能代表使用者完成任務，並返回結果的丨 ^ Install! (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order 5. Description of the invention (2) It will take considerable time to complete the software update one by one. This will affect the work efficiency of the system administrator. In order to solve the problem that the system manager must update the software of the machine one by one, the conventional technology has proposed an automatic software distribution, and an update method is used to solve the problem that the manager must update the software in person. The working principle of the conventional technology is as follows. The monthly reference item 1a is a simple part of the architecture of the software update feeding host (hereinafter referred to as the server host) and the machine to be updated (hereinafter referred to as the client host) in the conventional technology. Among them, the server host 101 has a network management system (NMS). The so-called feed-side host refers to a node in a computer network where shared resources are placed. The server-side host communication 2 is a computer, which can have larger peripheral storage devices (such as large-capacity hard disks) and other hardware sources than ordinary network workstations. It also stores software programs required by each workstation node. Or share resources like libraries. Information exchange between workstations must be performed through a server host (some computer networks also allow direct information exchange between workstations). The server host can be processed in parallel, that is, while serving other nodes in the network, it also processes some transactions itself. It can also be a dedicated server host, that is, it only provides services to workstations during the network operation, and does not perform other transaction processing itself. A software agent is provided in the client host 102. The term “software agent” refers to an application that can complete tasks on behalf of the user and return the results after receiving the request information from the user.
本紙張尺度適用中國公楚） 503368 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 一個軟體。在有些採用圖形使用者界面（UCH)的應用程式 中，代理者以一個圖標（icon)的形式出現。在網路管理系 統中，它駐留在所有機器的設備中，並向伺服器報告特 疋的變1值。有些中介軟體（middieware)中應用了軟體代 理’可最大限度地提高可靠性和效率。例如，當使用者 需要發送一段訊息時，只要按一下發送按鈕，代表者就 會代替使用者處理諸如壓縮，加密，檢錯及糾錯等，還 可以根據網路傳輸的需要，自動將被傳送訊息分塊。而 且agent還會詢問客戶端主機102之内軟體版本的情況。 而伺服端主機101與客戶端主機1〇2之間則以SNMp 來做為彼此間的通訊協定。v於習知技術中，伺服端主機 101會發出一 SNMP的指令，來得知客戶端主機1〇2之 agent所儲存的軟體的版本。當伺服端主機丨〇丨發現到客 戶端主機102之軟體版本為舊版時，其會自行進行軟體 更新的動作。藉由著以上的伺服端主機1〇1與客戶端主 機102之間的指令之傳達，便可完成軟體的更新了。 底下’將藉由第lb圖來描敘將該習知技術應用於 LAN的軟體更新之情況。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第1 b圖所示為將在一個LAN中，習知技術之軟體更 新的過程。在第lb圖中，客戶端主機可為網路電腦 (Network Computer，簡稱NC)或相類似之網路設備。在 第lb圖的LAN中的n個NC，假設n=150。 現在假設除了 NC30之外，所有的NC都已開機了。 伺服端主機101由NCI，NC2…的順序，照著前面所討 尽紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇χ297公釐） 503368 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4) 淪的習知技術的方法來進行所有已開機的NC内之軟體 更新。當伺服端主機1〇1進行到Ncl〇〇的軟體更新時， NC30於此時也啟動了。但是因為伺服端主機1〇1並不知 道NC30已開機了，故在镡次的軟體更新並未對NC3〇進 行軟體的更新。而為了防止部份較晚開機的NC未被進行 軟體的更新，習知技術採用了讓伺服端主機1〇1於一段 時間後，便重新從頭至尾對整個的LAN來進行軟體版本 的更新。 仁运樣的習知技術必須不斷地，重複地定時去更新 整個LAN，才能防止有NC内的軟體未被更新到。但如 此之做法乃屬不具效率的做法。 有鑑於此，本發明之目的在於提出一種方便的軟體 版本自動更新方法。在本發明系統内的機器内都裝有 :gent，當機器開機之後，此agent會立即發送一開機信 號給伺服端主機，而伺服端主機便可查詢機器目前的軟 體版本。若伺服端主機發現機器内的版本為舊版的話， 就會立即自動進行軟體更新。更新完後的機器將重新開 機’並使用新的版本。 為讓本發明之上述目的、特徵、和優點能更明顯易 懂’下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說 明如下： -、… 圖式之簡單說明： 第1 a圖為習知技術中，伺服器與機器間之簡單 圖；This paper size applies to the Chinese public) 503368 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) A software. In some applications that use a graphical user interface (UCH), the agent appears as an icon. In the network management system, it resides in the equipment of all machines and reports special variable 1 values to the server. Some intermediate software (middieware) uses software agents ’to maximize reliability and efficiency. For example, when the user needs to send a message, as long as he clicks the send button, the representative will handle the compression, encryption, error detection and correction on behalf of the user. It can also be automatically transmitted according to the needs of network transmission. Message chunking. Moreover, the agent will also query the software version within the client host 102. The server host 101 and the client host 102 use SNMp as their communication protocol. v In the conventional technology, the server host 101 sends an SNMP command to learn the software version stored by the agent of the client host 102. When the server host 丨 〇 丨 finds out that the software version of the client host 102 is an old version, it will perform the software update operation by itself. Through the transmission of the instructions between the above server host 101 and the client host 102, the software update can be completed. Below, the situation of applying the conventional technology to the software update of the LAN will be described with reference to FIG. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). Figure 1b shows the process of software update on a LAN that is familiar with technology. In Figure lb, the client host can be a Network Computer (NC) or a similar network device. For n NCs in the LAN in Fig. Lb, suppose n = 150. Now suppose all the NCs except the NC30 are turned on. Servo-side host 101 is in the order of NCI, NC2, etc., according to the paper sizes discussed above. General Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 503368 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (4) The method of the conventional technology to perform the software update of all the NCs that have been turned on. When the server host 101 received the software update of Ncl00, the NC30 was also started at this time. However, because the server host 101 does not know that the NC30 is turned on, the software update of the NC30 has not been updated in the previous software update. In order to prevent some of the NCs that are turned on later from being updated with software, the conventional technology uses a server host 101 to update the software version of the entire LAN from beginning to end. Ren Yun's conventional technology must constantly and repeatedly update the entire LAN to prevent the software in the NC from being updated. However, this approach is inefficient. In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a convenient software version automatic update method. The machine in the system of the present invention is equipped with a: gent. When the machine is turned on, the agent will immediately send a startup signal to the server host, and the server host can query the current software version of the machine. If the server host finds that the version in the machine is an old version, it will automatically update the software immediately. The updated machine will restart 'and use the new version. In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, hereinafter, preferred embodiments are described in detail with the accompanying drawings, as follows:-, ... Brief description of the drawings: Section 1 a The figure is a simple diagram between the server and the machine in the conventional technology;
植張 標準 ( 210x297^iT I 丨···Γ ：---------IT------0 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7Planting Standard (210x297 ^ iT I 丨 ··· Γ: --------- IT ------ 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7
503368 五、發明説明（5) 第lb圖為習知技術中，於LAN+，能自動分送，更 新的系統架構圖； 第2a圖為本發明中，伺服端主機的架構圖； 第2b圖為本發明中，客戶端主機的架構圖； 第3a圖為本發明中，伺服端主機察看客戶端主機的 版本資訊流程圖； 第3b圖為新的客戶端主機開機後，伺服端主機自動 查詢客戶端主機軟體的流程圖；以及 第3c圖為進行軟體更新動作的流程圖。 符號說明 101〜伺服端主機；102〜客戶端主機；Nc〜網路電 腦； 實施例 請先參考第2a圖，其為本發明之伺服端主機的架構 圖。參考第2a圖可得知伺服端主機上必須安裝有某此架 構’才冑b元成本發明之自動軟體更新功能。以下將分別 說明安裝於伺服端主機上的架構及其功用。 首先，伺服端主機一定安裝有管理程式（Manager)， 用以管理系統中各種資源的分配與回收的程式。接著有 一個客戶端主機的設備資料庫，其用以儲存以下的資 料：現有網路上的所有客戶端主機的名稱；網際網路協 定位址（Internet Protocol adress，簡稱 IP address)，其為 網際網路上對每一節點的電腦主機設定的一個唯一的位 址。它是由一組數字構成，基本上分成四個碼，碼間以 .1^ I#-- C請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 503368 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 小數點分隔構成，例如128.163.1.15 ;機器位址（Mac address) ^其為在設計計算機糸統時’由硬體結構所確定 的記憶器單元或周邊裝置埠位址，其特性是它是唯一 的，不可改變的，與代表它的符號無關；以及應用程式 的版本。 此外，伺服端主機尚安裝有次要檔案傳送協定 (Trivial File Transfer Protocol，簡稱 TFTP)軟體，其為 TCP/IP檔案傳送協定的一個版本，取消了目錄及口令能 力。其可使得伺服端主機能主動客戶端主機的TFTP伺服 軟體來連接，可用於傳送檔案。 而Log檔案則是用於當客戶端主機無法被進行軟體 更新時，則伺服端主機必須將此資訊記錄在Log檔案中。 而Ping，這個架構則是於伺服端主機啟動後，可判斷現 有區域上存在的機器。WinSock則為與網路有關之介 面。WinSNMP之功能是與客戶端主機間進行通訊協 定。 ' 接著，參考第2b圖，其為客戶端主機的架構圖。客 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 戶端主機必須裝有SNMP agent，用來負責與伺服端主機 利用SNMP的通訊協定，傳送與處理各種軟體更新所須 的命令。Ping daemon則可回應伺服端主機的Ping之動 作。TFTP daemon則可與伺服端主機利用TFTP通訊協定 來傳送檔案。客戶端主機之作業系統可為Java作業系統 或Win作業系統或相類似之作業系統。 了解伺服端主機與客戶端主機之架構之後，接下來 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 503368 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 將討論在此種架構下，本發明進行軟體更新的三種流 程。 第3a圖為伺服端主機開機後，察看客戶端主機之軟 體版本的流程圖。而其運作方式則如下所述。 首先將伺服端主機啟動，如步驟301所示。伺服端 主機首先利用ping來判斷現有區域網路上的已存在（亦 即已開機）的機器，如步驟302所示般。若LAN上的機器 此時已開機的話，則其會針對伺服端主機的ping之動作 而將其IP address回應給祠服端主機。 接著，伺服端主機會發送詢問Mac address的命令給 有回應IP address的機器。如果機器有回應本身的Mac address給伺服端主機的話，則知該機器為網路上的客戶 端主機。 等到伺服端主機把所有客戶端主機的資訊都取得之 後，其會比對存於設備資料庫内的客戶端主機之名稱， 並顯示網路上現有客戶端主的的名稱，IP address，Mac address、，和其所應用之軟體的版本。若發現現在客戶端 主機所使用之軟體為舊版的話，則將應用第3c圖的流程 圖來進行軟體更新。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 接下來將藉由第3c圖來了解伺服端主機自動查詢新 開機客戶端主機之軟體的流程。 當伺朋^端主機欲對客戶端主機進行軟體更新的時 候，其會先發出一 SNMP命令，令具有舊版軟體的該客 戶端主機進入閒置模式（Idle mode)，如步驟321所示般。 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 503368 A7503368 V. Description of the invention (5) Figure lb is a system architecture diagram of the conventional technology that can automatically distribute and update on LAN +; Figure 2a is the architecture diagram of the server host in the present invention; Figure 2b is In the present invention, a client host architecture diagram; FIG. 3a is a flowchart of the server host host viewing the client host version information in the present invention; FIG. 3b is a server client host automatically queries the client after the new client host is powered on A flowchart of the host host software; and FIG. 3c is a flowchart of performing a software update operation. Symbol description 101 ~ server host; 102 ~ client host; Nc ~ network computer; Example Please refer to FIG. 2a, which is the architecture diagram of the server host of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2a, it can be known that the server-side host must have some such structure installed in order to realize the automatic software update function of the invention. The following will describe the architecture and its functions installed on the server host. First of all, the server host must be installed with a management program (Manager) to manage the allocation and recovery of various resources in the system. Next, there is a device database of the client host, which is used to store the following data: the names of all client hosts on the existing network; Internet Protocol adress (IP address), which is the Internet A unique address set for the host computer of each node on the road. It consists of a group of numbers, basically divided into four codes, with .1 ^ I #-C. Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives 503368 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (6) Fractional point separation, such as 128.163.1.15; Mac address ^ This is the memory unit or peripheral device port determined by the hardware structure when designing the computer system Address, its characteristic is that it is unique, immutable, and has nothing to do with the symbol that represents it; and the version of the application. In addition, the server host has Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) software installed, which is a version of the TCP / IP file transfer protocol, which removes directory and password capabilities. It enables the server host to connect to the client host's TFTP server software, which can be used to transfer files. The log file is used when the client host cannot be updated by the software. The server host must record this information in the log file. For Ping, this architecture is to determine the machines in the existing area after the server host is started. WinSock is a network-related interface. The function of WinSNMP is to communicate with the client host. 'Next, refer to Figure 2b, which is an architecture diagram of the client host. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Guest Economy (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The client host must be equipped with an SNMP agent, which is responsible for communicating with the server host using SNMP communication protocols Commands required for software updates. The ping daemon can respond to the ping action of the server host. The TFTP daemon can use the TFTP protocol to transfer files with the server host. The client host operating system can be a Java operating system or a Win operating system or a similar operating system. After understanding the structure of the server host and the client host, the next 8 paper sizes are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 503368 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) In this architecture, The present invention performs three software update processes. Figure 3a is a flowchart of checking the software version of the client host after the server host is powered on. The way it works is described below. First, start the server host, as shown in step 301. The server host first uses ping to determine the existing (ie, powered on) machines on the existing LAN, as shown in step 302. If the machine on the LAN is turned on at this time, it will respond to the server host's ping action with its IP address to the server host. Then, the server host will send a command asking for the Mac address to the machine that responds to the IP address. If the machine responds to the server host with its Mac address, then the machine is known as the client host on the network. After the server host has obtained all client host information, it will compare the names of the client hosts stored in the device database and display the names of existing client hosts on the network, IP address, Mac address, , And the version of the software to which it applies. If it is found that the software currently used by the client host is an old version, the flow chart in Figure 3c will be applied for software update. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Next, you will use Figure 3c to understand the process of the server host automatically querying the software of the new client host. When the client host wants to perform software update on the client host, it will first issue an SNMP command to put the client host with the old software into the Idle mode, as shown in step 321. 9 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 503368 A7
裝 訂 503368 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) address的命令給新啟動的客戶端主機，如步驟312所示 般。 當新的客戶端主機將Mac address回傳給伺服端主機 之後，伺服端主機會根據所回傳的Mac address而比對存 在於設備資料庫内的相對應的客戶端主機之名稱，IP address，Mac address，和其所應用之軟體的版本，如步 驟313所示般。若伺服端主機發現客戶端主機之軟體為 舊版的話，則將應用第3c圖之軟體更新流程圖與方法來 進行更新，而其方法則如先前所討論般，故於此不再重 述。 由以上討論可得知本發明之特微在於： (1) 採用SNMP的技術，將網路管理的技術應用於軟 體更新管理之上； (2) 每一台客戶端主機本身都安裝有agent ，利用 SNMP的指令來自動回報伺服端主機已經開機完成，而 無須伺服端主機親自去偵測；以及 (3) 更新軟體時，若所欲更新的是小檔案的話，可直 接利用SNMP的指令來傳送，而無須透過檔案傳送相關 軟體，如此可降低成本。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用 以限定本發明，任何熟習此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明 之精神和範圍内，當可体更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保 護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇Χ；297公釐）Binding 503368 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The command of address is given to the newly started client host, as shown in step 312. After the new client host returns the Mac address to the server host, the server host will match the corresponding client host name, IP address, which exists in the device database according to the returned Mac address. The Mac address, and the version of the software it applies, are shown in step 313. If the server host finds that the software of the client host is an old version, the software update flow chart and method in Figure 3c will be used for the update, and the method is as previously discussed, so it will not be repeated here. From the above discussion, it can be known that the features of the present invention are: (1) using SNMP technology, applying network management technology to software update management; (2) each client host itself has an agent installed, Use the SNMP command to automatically report that the server host has been turned on without the server host to detect it; and (3) When updating the software, if the update is a small file, you can directly use the SNMP command to send , Without the need to transfer related software through files, which can reduce costs. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in this art Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when the body can be modified and retouched, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application. 11 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇 ×; 297 mm)