TW202225797A - Display construct and framing for media projection - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein are systems, apparatuses, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media related to display constructs that can be fixed or movable. The display constructs may be is at least partially transparent and can be viewed therethrough. Display constructs may be arranged in planar matrices, e.g., using one or more retaining clips.

Description

Display structures and frames for media projection

priority application

This application claims to originate from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63/246,770, filed on September 21, 2021, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING," filed on June 18, 2021, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING." US Provisional Patent Application No. 63/212,483 for FOR MEDIA PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING, US Provisional Patent Application No. 63/170,245, filed April 2, 2021, titled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING" , U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/154,352, filed on February 26, 2021, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING," and filed on November 19, 2020, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION" U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/115,842, filed on June 16, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/211,400, filed June 16, 2021, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT AND FRAMING FOR MEDIA PROJECTION", filed on January 8, 2021 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/135,021 entitled "CONFIGURATION OF MEDIA DISPLAY IN A FACILITY" and U.S. Provisional Patent Application entitled "CONFIGURATION ASSOCIATED WITH MEDIA DISPLAY IN A FACILITY" filed on September 23, 2021 Priority No. 63/247,684. This application also claims from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63/115,842, filed Nov. 19, 2020, and entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA PROJECTION," and filed Feb. 26, 2021, entitled "DISPLAY CONSTRUCT FOR MEDIA." Priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/154,352 to PROJECTION AND WIRELESS CHARGING. This application claims priority as a continuation-in-part from International Patent Application No. PCT/US20/53641 entitled "TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND MEDIA DISPLAY" filed on September 30, 2020, which claims from 2019 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/911,271, filed Oct. 5, 2019, and entitled "TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND TRANSPARENT DISPLAY," U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/911,271, filed Dec. 20, 2019, and entitled "TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND TRANSPARENT DISPLAY" Patent Application No. 62/952,207, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/975,706, filed Feb. 12, 2020, entitled "TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND MEDIA DISPLAY", filed on Sept. 30, 2020, entitled " Priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/085,254 to TANDEM VISION WINDOW AND MEDIA DISPLAY". International Patent Application No. PCT/US20/53641 is also a continuation-in-part of US Patent Application No. 16/950,774, filed on November 17, 2020, entitled "DISPLAYS FOR TINTABLE WINDOWS", which is filed in 2019 Continuation-in-part of US Patent Application Serial No. 16/608,157, filed on October 24, 2018, entitled "DISPLAYS FOR TINTABLE WINDOWS," which was filed on April 25, 2018 and entitled "DISPLAYS FOR TINTABLE WINDOWS." National Entry of International Patent Application No. PCT/US18/29476 of (i) U.S. Provisional Title "ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS WITH TRANSPARENT DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY FIELD" filed on December 19, 2017 Patent Application No. 62/607,618, (ii) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/523,606, filed June 22, 2017, entitled "ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS WITH TRANSPARENT DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY", (iii) May 17, 2017 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/507,704, filed on May 15, 2017, and entitled "ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS WITH TRANSPARENT DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY" Application No. 62/506,514 and (v) priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/490,457, filed April 26, 2017, entitled "ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS WITH TRANSPARENT DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY". International Patent Application No. PCT/US20/53641 is also a continuation-in-part of US Patent Application No. 17/083,128, filed October 28, 2020, entitled "BUILDING NETWORK", which was filed on October 20, 2019 Continuation of US Patent Application Serial No. 16/664,089, filed on May 25, entitled "BUILDING NETWORK", which is an international patent filed on May 2, 2019, entitled "EDGE NETWORK FOR BUILDING SERVICES" National entry of Application No. PCT/US19/30467, an International Patent Application Claiming Priority from US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/666,033, filed on May 02, 2018, US Patent Application No. 17/ No. 083,128 is also a continuation-in-part of International Patent Application No. PCT/US18/29460, filed on April 25, 2018, entitled "TINTABLE WINDOW SYSTEM FOR BUILDING SERVICES", which claims to be derived from a US Provisional Patent Application US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/607,618, US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/523,606, US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/507,704, US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/506,514 and US Provisional Patent Application priority. International Patent Application No. PCT/US20/53641 is also a continuation-in-part of US Patent Application No. 17/081,809, filed on October 27, 2020, entitled "TINTABLE WINDOW SYSTEM COMPUTING PLATFORM," which is A continuation of US Patent Application No. 16/608,159, filed on October 24, 2019, and entitled "TINTABLE WINDOW SYSTEM COMPUTING PLATFORM," which was filed on April 25, 2018, and entitled "TINTABLE WINDOW SYSTEM COMPUTING PLATFORM." COMPUTING PLATFORM" national entry in International Patent Application No. PCT/US18/29406, which claims from US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/607,618, US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/523,606, US Priority to Provisional Patent Application No. 62/507,704, US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/506,514 and US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/490,457. Each of the above patent documents is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The present invention relates to display structures and frames for media projection.

Various facilities (eg, buildings) have windows installed, for example, in their facades. Windows provide a way to view the environment outside the facility. In some facilities, windows may occupy a substantial portion of the facility's facade. The user may request to utilize the window surface area to view various media (eg, for entertainment purposes, for processing data, and/or for videoconferencing). At times, a user may want to optimize the use of interior space for media visualization (eg, by using window surfaces). The media may be electronic media and/or optical media. The user may request to view the media with minimal impact on visibility through the window. The media can be displayed via an at least partially transparent display. At times, viewing media may require a colored (eg, darker) backdrop. Occasionally, users may want to shade their internal environment from light. At times, the lifetime of media displays (eg, OLED displays) can be compromised over time, eg, due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and atmospheric components. Such damage can shorten the long-term use of the media display. At times, a user may want to augment the exterior view using overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting. In certain settings, it may be beneficial to have and view through architectural elements (eg, when the media is not being displayed and/or when the media is displayed) that facilitates the interaction between architectural elements (eg, structures) Two (eg, the same or different) media displayed at opposite sides are viewed (eg, simultaneously). In certain configurations, it may be beneficial to move the display construct (eg, during its operation and/or on-the-fly when the display construct is inoperable). The present invention provides a solution to this and other problems.

In one aspect, disclosed herein is a display configuration coupled to a window (eg, a viewing window, such as a tintable window). The viewing window may or may not include an integrated glazing unit. The display configuration may include one or more panes of glass. The display may include at least one display matrix. The display matrix may comprise, for example, at least partially transparent light emitting diodes (LEDs) (eg, TOLED display configurations). The display may comprise a liquid crystal display (LCD).

In one aspect, disclosed herein is a display construction that includes an intermediate support structure and at least one pair of display matrices that display media at opposite sides of a support structure supporting the at least one pair of display matrices. The support structure and display matrix can be at least partially transparent to visible light. The display structure can be mounted in a frame coupled to the railing, thus facilitating its (eg, lateral) mobility. The frame may be configured to accommodate one or more circuit boards that facilitate display of media on the display matrix.

In another aspect, disclosed herein is a strengthening application to any lamination defects, such as in a rim of a display construction.

In another aspect, an apparatus for aligning media displays in a matrix of media displays, the apparatus comprising: a retaining clip configured to (i) mount to a first media display and a second media display, (ii) facilitate alignment of the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane, (iii) maintain or substantially maintain the first media display and the second media display in the retaining clip relative position during engagement with the first media display and the second media display, and (iv) disposed adjacent to the first end of the first media display and the second end of the second media display, wherein the first A media display is positioned next to the second media display in the matrix of media displays.

In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to retain or substantially retain the first media display, the second media display, and a support structure coupled to the first media display and the second media display in the retention The relative position of the clip during engagement with the first media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to be removably mounted to the first media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the first media display is immediately adjacent to the second media display without any other media displays positioned therebetween. In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to be removably mounted to the first media display at least in part by being configured to engage and disengage the first media display and the second media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the retaining clip is configured to (a) be removably mounted to the first media display via the first frame of the first media display and (b) via the second media display The second frame is removably mounted to the second media display. In some embodiments, the first media display is coupled to a side of the support panel on a first side of the first media display opposite the first end, wherein the second media display is on the second media display It is coupled to the side of the support panel on a second side opposite the second end. In some embodiments, the first media display is coupled to the side of the support panel using a first hinge, wherein the second media display is coupled to the side of the support panel using a second hinge. In some embodiments, the first hinge facilitates pivoting of the first media display relative to the support panel about a first hinge joint, and wherein the second hinge facilitates pivoting of the second media display relative to the support panel about a second hinge Rotation of the hinge joint. In some embodiments, the retaining clip is configured to hinder (eg, prevent) rotation of the first media display and the second media display when the retaining clip is mounted to the first media display and the second media display . In some embodiments, the first media display is coupled to the side of the support panel via the frame of the support panel, wherein the second media display is coupled to the side of the support panel via the frame of the support panel. In some embodiments, the support panel includes a window. In some embodiments, the window is a tintable window. In some embodiments, the tintable window and the media displays are configured to be controlled by a control system. In some embodiments, at least one of the media displays is configured to be communicatively coupled to one or more controllers configured to control (eg, electronically and/or (or digital) media on the at least one of the media displays, the one or more controllers included in the control system. In some embodiments, at least one of the media displays is configured to be communicatively coupled to a first controller of the control system, and wherein the tintable window is configured to be communicatively coupled to the second controller of the control system. In some embodiments, at least one of the media displays is configured to be communicatively coupled to a first controller of the control system disposed in the sash housing of the tintable window . In some embodiments, the control system is a hierarchical control system. In some embodiments, the control system (i) includes a distributed network of controllers, (ii) is configured to control different devices of the facility other than the device, (iii) is configured to control and communications related to the facility, and/or (iv) configured to control the facility. In some embodiments, the control system is configured to control, at least in part, by being configured to control (I) the environment of the facility, (II) the building management system of the facility, and/or (III) the facility the presence of personnel to control the facility. In some embodiments, communications related to the facility include teaching, entertainment, safety, health, work, greetings, scheduling, and/or otherwise informative communications. In some embodiments, the different devices include one or more sensors, one or more transmitters, one or more transceivers, or one or more tintable windows. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors include environmental sensors. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors include temperature sensors, volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors, particulate matter sensors, gas sensors, pressure sensors, accelerometers, Sound sensor or electromagnetic sensor. In some embodiments, the one or more emitters include lighting, heaters, coolers, ventilators, speakers, chemical emitters, heating cooling and ventilation (HVAC) systems, or media displays. In some embodiments, the one or more transceivers include radios or antennas. In some embodiments, the antenna includes a radar, a distributed antenna system (DAS), or a small cell. In some embodiments, the antenna is configured for cellular communication of at least a third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or fifth generation (5G) cellular communication protocol. In some embodiments, the one or more tintable windows comprise electrochromic windows. In some embodiments, the tintable window and the media display are operably coupled to the network. In some embodiments, the network is configured to be communicatively coupled to the building management system. In some embodiments, the network is configured to facilitate adjustment of the facility's environment. In some embodiments, the tintable window and media display are configured to receive power from the network. In some embodiments, a portion of the network is contained within the facility and a second portion of the network is located remotely from the facility. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the network is disposed within an envelope of an enclosure of the facility, where the enclosure optionally includes a building. In some embodiments, the network includes a first network installed in the facility. In some embodiments, the network is configured to transmit communication and power over a single cable. In some embodiments, the network is configured to carry different types of communications over a single cable. In some embodiments, the different types of communications include control signals, cellular signals, sensor data, video, images, sound, or another type of data. In some embodiments, another data type includes digital or electronic data. In some embodiments, the cellular signal conforms to at least a third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or fifth generation (5G) cellular communication protocol. In some embodiments, the control signal conforms to the Building Automation and Control (BAC) protocol. In some embodiments, the network is configured to be operably coupled to the at least one controller. In some embodiments, the network is configured to be operably coupled to (i) one or more controllers that optionally form a control system, (ii) different devices of the facility other than the device , (iii) communicate communications related to the facility, and/or (iv) be configured to facilitate control of the facility. In some embodiments, the first media display includes a first pin extending therefrom, the second media display includes a second pin extending therefrom, and the retaining clip is configured to mate with the first pin and the second pin Two pins are engaged to facilitate (i) alignment of the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane, and/or (ii) maintain or substantially maintain the first media display and the second media display The relative position of the second media display over time and/or during operation. In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to be coupled to an inner frame portion comprising (i) a first arm extending in a first direction across the window and secured to the window framing system; ( ii) a second arm extending in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the second arm extending across the media display matrix and configured to secure the media display to the window frame system; and (iii) a joint that fastens the first arm to the second arm and removably fastens the retaining clip to the interior disposed between the first media display and the second media display frame part. In some embodiments, the retention clip includes (i) a first leg configured to align the first media display with the second media in the same plane or substantially the same plane, wherein the first A media display is coupled to the first leg on a first side of the first media display opposite the first end, wherein the second media display is on a first side of the second media display opposite the second end Coupled on both sides to the first leg; and (ii) a second leg extending from the joint generally perpendicular to the first leg and configured to facilitate installation of the retaining clip. In some embodiments, the second leg is configured to allow minimal movement or prevent movement of the first media display relative to the second media display after engagement. In some embodiments, the inner frame portion includes a semi-permeable material that is (a) between the first arm and (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display, or (iii) the between the first media display and the second media display and/or (b) between the second arm and (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display or (iii) the first media display between the media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material includes a thickness to fill the first arm and the first media display, the first arm and the second media display, the second arm and the first media display, and/or the A gap between the second arm and the second media display. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material is configured to compress to maintain the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material comprises foam. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material is configured to allow gas flow through the semi-permeable material. In some embodiments, the retaining clip is configured to engage and support after engagement: a first pin of the first media display and a second pin of the second media display. In some embodiments, the first pin is configured to protrude from the first frame of the first media display and/or wherein the second pin is configured to protrude from the second frame of the second media display. In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to (i) mount to the first media display, the second media display, the third media display, and the fourth media display; (ii) facilitate the first media display, The alignment of the second media display, the third media display and the fourth media display in the same or substantially the same plane; (iii) maintaining or substantially maintaining the first media display, the second media display, the The relative positions of the third media display and the fourth media display during engagement of the retaining clip with the first media display, the second media display, the third media display and the fourth media display; and (iv) adjacent disposed at the first end of the first media display, the second end of the second media display, the third end of the third media display, and the fourth end of the fourth media display, wherein the media display In the matrix, the first media display is positioned next to the second media display, the second media display is positioned next to the third media display, the third media display is positioned next to the fourth media display, and the fourth media display is positioned next to the third media display. A media monitor is placed. In some embodiments, the retaining clip includes (i) a first leg extending from the center of the retaining clip, the first leg being configured to be in the same plane or substantially the same plane as the first media display and the A second media alignment, wherein the first media display is coupled to the first leg on a first side of the first media display opposite the first end, wherein the second media display is on the second media a display coupled to the first leg on a second side opposite the second end; (ii) a second leg extending from the center of the retaining clip in a transverse direction opposite to the first leg, the The second leg is configured to align the third media display with the fourth media in the same plane or substantially the same plane, wherein the third media display is between the third media display and the third media display The third end is coupled to the second leg on the opposite third side, wherein the fourth media display is coupled on the fourth side of the fourth media display opposite the fourth end of the fourth media display to the second leg; and (iii) a third leg extending generally perpendicular to the first leg and the second leg, the third leg configured to facilitate installation of the retaining clip. In some embodiments, the first leg is configured to allow minimal movement or prevent movement of the first media display relative to the second media display after engagement, and/or wherein the second leg is assembled state to allow minimal movement or prevent movement of the third media display relative to the fourth media display after engagement. In some embodiments, the retaining clip is configured to engage and support after engagement: a first pin of the first media display, a second pin of the second media display, a third pin of the third media display, and the fourth pin of the fourth media display. In some embodiments, (i) the first pin is configured to protrude from the first frame of the first media display, (ii) the second pin is configured to protrude from the second frame of the second media display protruding, (iii) the third pin is configured to protrude from the third frame of the third media display, and/or (iv) the fourth pin is configured to protrude from the fourth frame of the fourth media display . In some embodiments, the first arm is generally C-shaped. In some embodiments, the first leg includes curvature. In some embodiments, the first arm and the second arm are each substantially C-shaped. In some embodiments, the first leg includes curvature and/or the second leg includes curvature. In some embodiments, the engagement portion includes a boss configured to operatively engage the retention clip to removably secure the retention clip to the engagement portion. In some embodiments, the retention clip includes a fastener extending therethrough that selectively fastens the retention clip to the engagement portion. In some embodiments, the inner frame portion includes a stiffener flange extending from the boss along at least a portion of the joint. In some embodiments, each of the first media display and the second media display includes pins extending therefrom, and the retaining clip selectively operably engages the pins to facilitate the first media Alignment of the display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane and maintaining or substantially maintaining the relative position of the first media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the retaining clip includes a fastener extending therethrough that selectively secures the retaining clip to the window framing system. In some embodiments, the retention clip is configured to be coupled to an inner frame portion that includes (i) a first arm extending across the window and secured to the window frame system, wherein the first arm includes a the curvature of the upstanding flange; and (ii) configured to fit halfway between the first arm and the first media display, the second media display, or both the first media display and the second media display Penetrating material. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material includes a thickness to fill the first arm with (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display, or (iii) the first media display and the second media The gap between the two monitors. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material is configured to compress to maintain the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material comprises foam. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material is mounted between the upstanding flanges. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material is configured to allow gas flow through the semi-permeable material. In some embodiments, wherein the inner frame portion includes a boss that operably engages a retaining clip to removably fasten the retaining clip to the window framing system.

In another aspect, a method for aligning a media display of a media display matrix, the method comprising: the retaining clip with the media(s) of the media display matrix of any of the devices disclosed above installed and/or used together with the monitor.

In another aspect, a method for aligning a media display of a media display matrix, the method comprising: using any of the retaining clip(s), such as to align any of the devices disclosed above The media display(s) of the media display matrix.

In another aspect, a method for aligning a media display of a media display matrix, the method comprising: mounting a retention clip with a first media display and a second media display, the mounting facilitating (i) the first media display the alignment of the media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane; (ii) maintaining or substantially maintaining the first media display and the second media display between the retaining clip and the first media display and Relative position during engagement of the second media display, the retaining clip is mounted such that it is positioned adjacent the first end of the first media display and the second end of the second media display, wherein the first media display is in the media The matrix of displays is positioned next to the second media display.

In some embodiments, the method further includes engaging the retaining clip with the first media display and the second media display such that the retaining clip retains or substantially retains the first media display, the second media display, and the The relative position of the first media display and the supporting structure to which the second media display is coupled. In some embodiments, the method further includes placing the first media display in close proximity to the second media display without any other media displays disposed therebetween. In some embodiments, the method further includes removably mounting the retaining clip to the first media display and the second media display at least in part by engaging and disengaging the first media display and the second media display Two media monitors. In some embodiments, the method further includes (a) removably mounting the retaining clip to the first media display via a first frame of the first media display and (b) via a connection between the second media display The second frame removably mounts the retaining clip to the second media display. In some embodiments, the method further includes coupling the first media display to a side of a support panel on a first side of the first media display opposite the first end, and on the second media display The second media display is coupled to the side of the support panel on a second side opposite the second end. In some embodiments, the method further includes coupling the first media display to the side of the support panel using a first hinge, and coupling the second media display to the side of the support panel using a second hinge . In some embodiments, the method further includes coupling the first media display to the side of the support panel via the frame of the support channel, and coupling the second media display to the support panel via the frame of the support panel support that side of the panel. In some embodiments, the support panel includes a window. In some embodiments, the support panel includes a tintable window. In some embodiments, the tintable window and the media display are controlled by a control system. In some embodiments, the tintable window and the media display are operably coupled to the network. In some embodiments, the method further includes extending a first pin from the first media display, extending a second pin from the second media display, and engaging the retaining clip with the first and second pins to facilitate (i) align the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane, and/or (ii) maintain or substantially maintain the first media display and the second media display over time and/or relative position during operation. In some embodiments, the method further includes coupling the retaining clip to an inner frame portion, the inner frame portion including (i) a first arm extending in a first direction across the window and secured to the window framing system; (ii) a second arm extending in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the second arm extending across the media display matrix and configured to secure the media display to the window frame system; and (iii) a joint that fastens the first arm to the second arm and removably fastens the retaining clip to the Internal frame section. In some embodiments, the method further includes (i) operably engaging a first side of the first media display opposite the first end and the second side of the first media display by a first leg of the retaining clip a second side of the media display opposite the second end aligns the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane, and (ii) by placing the first media display substantially perpendicular to the first A second leg extending from the leg is operably engaged to the engagement portion to mount the retaining clip to the engagement portion. In some embodiments, the method further includes allowing minimal movement or preventing movement of the first media display relative to the second media display after operatively engaging the second leg. In some embodiments, the method further includes disposing a semi-permeable material on (a) the first arm and (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display, or (iii) the first media display and the second media display and/or (b) the second arm and (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display or (iii) the first media display and the third Two media monitors in between. In some embodiments, the method further comprises filling (i) the first arm and the first media display, (ii) the first arm and the second media display, (iii) the second media display with the semi-permeable material Gap between the arm and the first media display and/or (iv) the second arm and the second media display. In some embodiments, the method further includes compressing the semi-permeable material to maintain the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material comprises foam. In some embodiments, the method further comprises flowing air through the semi-permeable material. In some embodiments, the method further includes engaging and supporting a first pin of the first media display and a second pin of the second media display after engaging the retaining clip. In some embodiments, the method further includes protruding the first pin from the first frame of the first media display and/or protruding the second pin from the second frame of the second media display. In some embodiments, the method further comprises (i) mounting the retaining clip to the first media display, the second media display, the third media display and the fourth media display; (ii) facilitating the first media display, The alignment of the second media display, the third media display and the fourth media display in the same or substantially the same plane; (iii) maintaining or substantially maintaining the first media display, the second media display, the The relative positions of the third media display and the fourth media display during engagement of the retaining clip with the first media display, the second media display, the third media display and the fourth media display; and (iv) adjacent to The first end of the first media display, the second end of the second media display, the third end of the third media display, and the fourth end of the fourth media display are disposed in the matrix of the media displays , the first media display is positioned next to the second media display, the second media display is positioned next to the third media display, the third media display is positioned next to the fourth media display, and the fourth media display is positioned next to the first media display Media monitor placement. In some embodiments, the retaining clip includes a first leg extending from a center of the retaining clip, a second leg extending from the center of the retaining clip in a transverse direction opposite to the first leg, and substantially perpendicular to the retaining clip A third leg extending from the first leg, the method further comprising (i) by coupling the first media display to the first media display on a first side of the first media display opposite the first end legs and coupling the second media display to the first leg on a second side of the second media display opposite the second end to align the first media in the same or substantially the same plane a display and the second media display; (ii) by coupling the third media display to the second leg on a third side of the third media display opposite the third end of the third media display and coupling the fourth media display to the second leg on a fourth side of the fourth media display opposite the fourth end of the fourth media display to align the fourth media display in the same or substantially the same plane the third media display and the fourth media display; and (iii) facilitating installation of the retaining clip with the third leg. In some embodiments, the method further includes allowing minimal movement or preventing movement of the first media display relative to the second media display after engagement of the first leg, and/or between the second leg Engagement allows minimal movement of the third media display relative to the fourth media display or prevents such movement. In some embodiments, the method further includes engaging and supporting a first pin of the first media display, a second pin of the second media display, and a third pin of the third media display after engagement of the retaining clip and the fourth pin of the fourth media display. In some embodiments, the method further includes (i) protruding the first pin from a first frame of the first media display, (ii) protruding the second pin from a second frame of the second media display, (iii) ) projecting the third pin from the third frame of the third media display, and/or (iv) projecting the fourth pin from the fourth frame of the fourth media display. In some embodiments, the first arm is generally C-shaped. In some embodiments, the first leg includes curvature. In some embodiments, the first arm and the second arm are each substantially C-shaped. In some embodiments, the first leg includes curvature and/or the second leg includes curvature. In some embodiments, the retention clip is operably engaged to the boss of the engagement portion, and the retention clip is removably fastened to the engagement portion. In some embodiments, the method further includes extending a fastener through the retention clip and selectively securing the retention clip to the engagement portion. In some embodiments, the inner frame portion includes a stiffener flange extending from the boss along at least a portion of the joint. In some embodiments, the method further includes extending a first pin from the first media display and extending a second pin from the second media display, the first and second pins being operative with the retaining clip Engagement facilitates alignment of the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane, and maintains or substantially maintains the relative position of the first media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the method further includes extending a fastener through the retention clip and selectively securing the retention clip to the window framing system using the fastener. In some embodiments, the method further includes (i) coupling the retaining clip to an inner frame portion, the inner frame portion including a first arm extending across the window and secured to the window frame system, wherein the first arm includes having a curvature of an upstanding flange; and (ii) disposing a semi-permeable material between the first arm and the first media display, the second media display, or both the first media display and the second media display. In some embodiments, the first arm and both (i) the first media display, (ii) the second media display, or (iii) the first media display and the second media display are filled with the semi-permeable material gap between them. In some embodiments, the method further includes compressing the semi-permeable material to maintain the first media display and the second media display in the same or substantially the same plane. In some embodiments, the semi-permeable material comprises foam. In some embodiments, the method further comprises installing the semi-permeable material between the upstanding flanges. In some embodiments, the method further comprises flowing air through the semi-permeable material. In some embodiments, the method further includes operatively engaging the retaining clip with a boss that is part of the inner frame portion to removably secure the retaining clip to the window framing system.

In some embodiments, the network is a local area network. In some embodiments, the network includes cables configured to transmit power and communications over a single cable. The communication may be one or more types of communication. The communication may include cellular communication that complies with at least second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or fifth generation (5G) cellular communication protocols. In some embodiments, the communication includes media communication that facilitates still pictures, music or animation streaming (eg, movies or video). In some embodiments, the communication includes data communication (eg, sensor data). In some embodiments, the communication includes control communication, eg, to control one or more nodes operatively coupled to a network. In some embodiments, the network includes a first (eg, cabling) network installed in the facility. In some embodiments, the network includes a (eg, cabling) network installed in the envelope of the facility (eg, in the envelope of a building included in the facility).

In another aspect, the present invention provides a system, apparatus (eg, controller) and/or non-transitory computer-readable medium (eg, software) implementing any of the methods disclosed herein.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of using any of the systems, computer-readable media, and/or devices disclosed herein, eg, for their intended purposes.

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller programmed to direct means for implementing (eg, performing) any of the methods disclosed herein, the at least one controller being configured The state is operably coupled to the mechanism. In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of the method) are directed/performed by the same controller. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed/performed by different controllers.

In another aspect, an apparatus includes at least one controller configured (eg, programmed) to implement (eg, perform) any of the methods disclosed herein. At least one controller can implement any of the methods disclosed herein. In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of the method) are directed/performed by the same controller. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed/performed by different controllers.

In some embodiments, one of the at least one controllers is configured to perform two or more operations. In some embodiments, two different ones of the at least one controller are configured to each perform different operations.

In another aspect, a system includes at least one controller programmed to direct operation of at least one other device (or component thereof) and the device (or component thereof), wherein the at least one The controller is operably coupled to the device (or components thereof). The apparatus (or components thereof) may include any apparatus (or components thereof) disclosed herein. At least one controller can be configured to direct any of the devices (or components thereof) disclosed herein. At least one controller can be configured to be operably coupled to any of the devices (or components thereof) disclosed herein. In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of a device) are directed by the same controller. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed by different controllers.

In another aspect, a computer software product (eg, recorded on one or more non-transitory media) having stored therein program instructions that, when read by at least one processor (eg, a computer) The at least one processor is caused to direct a mechanism disclosed herein to implement (eg, perform) any of the methods disclosed herein, wherein the at least one processor is configured to be operably coupled to the mechanism. A mechanism may include any device (or any component thereof) disclosed herein. In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of a device) are directed/performed by the same processor. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed/performed by different processors.

In another aspect, the present invention provides non-transitory computer-readable program instructions comprising machine-executable code (eg, included in a program product comprising one or more non-transitory media), the code Any of the methods disclosed herein are implemented when executed by one or more processors. In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of a method) are directed/performed by the same processor. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed/performed by different processors.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more processors, executes a controller(s) (eg, as disclosed herein). In some embodiments, at least two operations (eg, of a controller) are directed/performed by the same processor. In some embodiments, at least two operations are directed/performed by different processors.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a computer system including one or more computer processors and a non-transitory computer readable medium coupled thereto. The non-transitory computer-readable medium includes machine-executable code that, when executed by one or more processors, implements any of the methods disclosed herein and/or performs any of the methods disclosed herein ( guidance for multiple) controllers.

In another aspect, the present invention provides non-transitory computer-readable program instructions that when read by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to execute Any operation of a method disclosed herein, any operation performed (or configured to perform) by an apparatus disclosed herein, and/or any operation directed (or configured to direct) by an apparatus disclosed herein operate.

In some embodiments, the program instructions are recorded on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media. In some embodiments, at least two of these operations are performed by one of one or more processors. In some embodiments, at least two of the operations are each performed by a different one of the one or more processors.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a network configured for transmitting any communication (eg, signals) and/or (eg, electrical) power that facilitates any of the operations disclosed herein. Communications may include control communications, cellular communications, media communications, and/or data communications. Data communications may include sensor data communications and/or processed data communications. The network can be configured to adhere to one or more protocols that facilitate this communication. For example, the communication protocol used by the network (eg with BMS) may be the Building Automation and Control Network Protocol (BACnet). For example, a communication protocol may facilitate cellular communications that comply with at least a 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th generation cellular communication protocol.

The contents of this Summary section are provided as a simplified introduction to the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of any invention disclosed herein or the scope of the appended claims.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, in which only illustrative embodiments of the present invention are shown and described. As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modification in various obvious respects, all without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive in nature.

These and other features and embodiments will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. incorporated by reference

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be by reference way incorporated into the general.

While various embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions can occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed.

Terms such as "a/an" and "the" are not intended to refer to only a single entity, but rather include the general class to which specific examples may be used to illustrate. The terminology herein is used to describe particular embodiments of the invention(s), but its usage does not limit the invention(s).

Unless otherwise specified, when referring to a range, the range is intended to be inclusive. For example, a range between value 1 and value 2 is intended to be inclusive and includes both value 1 and value 2. An inclusive range will span any value from about 1 to about 2. The terms "adjacent" or "adjacent to" as used herein include "proximate," "adjacent," "contacting," and "proximity."

The terms "operably coupled" or "operably connected" refer to a first element (eg, mechanism) that is coupled (eg, connected) to a second element to allow intended operation of the second and/or first element . Coupling may include physical or non-physical coupling. Non-physical coupling may include signal-induced coupling (eg, wireless coupling). Coupling may include physical coupling (eg, a physical connection) or non-physical coupling (eg, via wireless communication).

An element (eg, mechanism) that is "configured to" perform a function includes structural features that cause the element to perform that function. Structural features may include electrical features, such as circuitry or circuit elements. Structural features may include circuitry (eg, including electrical or optical circuitry). The electrical circuitry may contain one or more wires. Optical circuitry may include at least one optical element (eg, a beam splitter, mirror, lens, and/or optical fiber). Structural features may include mechanical features. Mechanical features may include latches, springs, closures, hinges, chassis, supports, fasteners or cantilevers, among others. Performing functions may include utilizing logical features. Logical features may include programmed instructions. The programmed instructions are executable by at least one processor. Programming instructions can be stored or encoded on a (eg, non-transitory) medium that can be accessed by one or more processors. Additionally, in the following description, the phrases "may be used with," "adapted with," "configured with," "designed with," "programmed with," or "capable of" may be used interchangeably as appropriate .

As used herein, including within the scope of the claims, the conjunction "and/or" in a phrase such as "including X, Y, and/or Z" is meant to include any combination or combination of X, Y, and Z. plural. For example, this phrase is intended to include X. For example, this phrase is intended to include Y. For example, this phrase is intended to include Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include X and Y. For example, this phrase is intended to include X and Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include Y and Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include multiple X's. For example, this phrase is intended to include plural Ys. For example, this phrase is intended to include multiple Z's. For example, this phrase is intended to include plural X and plural Y. For example, this phrase is intended to include plural X and plural Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include Y's and Z's. For example, this phrase is intended to include a plurality of X and Y. For example, this phrase is intended to include a plurality of X and Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include a plurality of Y and Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include X and Y's. For example, this phrase is intended to include X and Z. For example, this phrase is intended to include Y and a plurality of Z. The conjunction "and/or" is intended to have the same effect as the phrase "X, Y, Z, or any combination or plural thereof." The conjunction "and/or" is intended to have the same effect as the phrase "one or more of X, Y, Z, or any combination thereof." The conjunction "and/or" is intended to have the same effect as the phrase "at least one X, Y, Z, or any combination thereof."

In some embodiments, the display construction is coupled with a viewing (eg, tinted viewing) window. The viewing window may comprise an integrated glass unit. The display configuration may include one or more panes of glass. A display (eg, a display matrix) may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs may include organic materials (eg, organic light emitting diodes, abbreviated herein as "OLEDs"). OLEDs can include transparent organic light emitting diode displays (abbreviated herein as "TOLEDs") that are at least partially transparent. A display may have 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 or 8000 pixels at its basic length scale. The display may have any number of pixels in its basic length dimension between the aforementioned numbers of pixels (eg, from about 2000 pixels to about 4000 pixels, from about 4000 pixels to about 8000 pixels, or from about 2000 pixels pixels to about 8000 pixels). The basic length dimension may include the diameter, length, width or height of the bounding circle. The base length scale may be abbreviated herein as "FLS". The display configuration may include a high-resolution display. For example, the resolution of the display structure may be at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1920, 1280, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320, or 7680 pixels by at least about 550, 576, 680, 720, 768, 1024, 1080, 1280, 1920, 2160, 3840, 4096, 4320 or 7680 pixels (at 30 Hz or 60 Hz). The first number of pixels may specify the height of the display, and the second number of pixels may specify the length of the display. For example, the display may be a high-resolution display having a resolution of 1920"x"1080, 3840"x"2160, 4096"x"2160, or 7680"x"4320. The display may be a standard definition display, an enhanced definition display, a high definition display, or an ultra-high definition display. The display may be rectangular. The image projected by the display matrix may be refreshed at a frequency (eg, refresh rate) of at least about 20 Hz, 30 Hz, 60 Hz, 70 Hz, 75 Hz, 80 Hz, 100 Hz, or 120 hertz (Hz). The FLS of the display configuration may be at least 20", 25", 30", 35", 40", 45", 50", 55", 60", 65", 80", or 90 inches ("). The FLS showing the configuration can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 20" to about 55", from about 55" to about 100", or from about 20" to about 100").

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the window surface in the facility is utilized to display various media using a glass display configuration. The display may be used (eg, at least partially) to view an environment outside the window (eg, an outdoor environment), such as when the display is not in operation. The display may be used to display media (eg, as disclosed herein) to augment external views using (eg, optical) overlays, augmented reality, and/or lighting (eg, the display may act as a light source). Media may be used for entertainment and non-entertainment purposes. Media may be used for work (eg, data analysis, graphing, and/or videoconferencing). Manipulate media (eg, by utilizing display constructs). The use of display constructs can be direct or indirect. Indirect use of media may be the use of input devices such as an electronic mouse or keyboard. The input device may be communicatively (eg, wired and/or wireless) coupled to the medium. Direct utilization can be achieved by using the display structure as a touch screen using a user (eg, a finger) or a guiding device (eg, an electronic pen or stylus). The guiding device may be made of or, and/or coated with, a low-abrasive material (eg, a polymer). The low abrasive material can be configured to facilitate (eg, repeatedly) contact the display structure with minimal damage (eg, scratching) to the display structure. Low abrasive materials can include polymers or resins (eg, plastics). Guidance devices can be passive or active. The active guidance device may be operably coupled to the display structure and/or the network. The active guidance device may include circuitry. The active guidance device may include a remote controller. The guidance device may facilitate guidance of operations related to the media presented by the display construct. The guidance device may facilitate (eg, in real time and/or in situ) interaction with the media presented by the display construct.

Embodiments described herein relate to viewports with tandem (eg, transparent) display configurations. In certain embodiments, the visual window is an electrochromic window. Electrochromic windows may comprise solid state and/or inorganic electrochromic (EC) devices. The vision window may be in the form of an integrated glass unit (IGU). When an IGU includes an electrochromic (abbreviated herein as "EC") device, it may be referred to as an "EC IGU". An EC IGU can tint (eg, darken) the room in which it is placed and/or provide a tinted (eg, darker) background compared to a non-tinted IGU. A tinted IGU can provide a better (eg, necessary) background to achieve an acceptable (eg, good) contrast ratio on a (eg, transparent) display configuration. In another example, a window with a (eg, transparent) display configuration can replace televisions (abbreviated herein as "TV") in commercial and residential applications. Taken together, the (eg, transparent) display configuration and EC IGU can provide visual privacy glass functionality, eg, because the display can augment the privacy provided only by EC glass. Embodiments disclosed herein also describe certain methods, apparatus, and systems for mounting a display construct (eg, a transparent display) to a frame system of a viewing window.

In various embodiments, the network infrastructure supports a control system for one or more windows such as tintable (eg, electrochromic) windows. The control system may include one or more controllers operably coupled (eg, directly or indirectly) to the one or more windows. Although the disclosed embodiments describe tintable windows (also referred to herein as "optically switchable windows" or "smart windows"), such as electrochromic windows, the concepts disclosed herein may be applicable to other types of Switchable optical devices, including liquid crystal device, electrochromic device, suspended particle device (SPD), NanoChromics display (NCD), organic electroluminescence display (OELD), suspended particle device (SPD), NanoChromics display (NCD) or have Electromechanical Electroluminescent Displays (OELDs). The display element may be attached to a portion of the transparent body, such as a window. Tintable windows may be placed in (non-transitory) installations such as buildings, and/or in temporary installations (eg, vehicles) such as automobiles, RVs, buses, trains, airplanes, helicopters, ships, or boats .

In some embodiments, a tintable window exhibits a (eg, controllable and/or reversible) change in at least one optical property of the window, eg, upon application of a stimulus. The changes may be continuous changes. Changes may be for discrete tone levels (eg, at least about 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 tone levels). Optical properties can include hue or transmittance. Hue can contain color. The transmittance can have one or more wavelengths. The wavelengths may include ultraviolet, visible or infrared wavelengths. Stimulation may include optical, electrical and/or magnetic stimulation. For example, stimulation can include applying voltage and/or current. One or more tintable windows may be used to control lighting and/or glare conditions, eg, by adjusting the transmission of solar energy propagating therethrough. One or more tintable windows may be used to control temperature within a building, for example, by regulating the transmission of solar energy propagating through the windows. Control of solar energy can control the thermal load imposed on the interior of a facility (eg, a building). Control can be manual and/or automatic. Controls may be used to maintain one or more requested (eg, environmental) conditions, such as occupant comfort. Controls may include reducing the energy consumption of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and/or lighting systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by separate systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by a system. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by a single system (abbreviated herein as "HVAC"). In some cases, the tintable window may be responsive to (eg, and communicatively coupled to) one or more environmental sensors and/or user controls. Tintable windows may include, for example, may be, electrochromic windows. Windows may be located in a range from the interior to the exterior of a structure (eg, a facility such as a building). However, this need not be the case. Tintable windows can be operated using liquid crystal devices, suspended particle devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices (such as micro-shutters), or any technology now known or later developed that is configured to control the transmission of light through a window. Windows (eg, with MEMS devices for coloring) are described in US Patent No. 10,359,681, filed on May 15, 2015, and issued July 23, 2019, entitled "MULTI-PANE WINDOWS INCLUDING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEVICES" No. , this US patent is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some cases, one or more tintable windows may be located within the building, such as between a conference room and a hallway. In some cases, one or more tinted windows may be used in automobiles, trains, airplanes, and other vehicles, eg, in place of passive and/or non-tinted windows.

In some embodiments, a plurality of devices may be operably (eg, communicatively) coupled to the control system. A device may include a window (eg, a tintable window), a sensor, a transmitter, or a transceiver. The plurality of devices may be located in a facility (eg, including buildings and/or rooms). A control system may include a hierarchy of controllers. A device may include a transmitter, a sensor, or a window (eg, an IGU). The device can be any device as disclosed herein. At least two of the plurality of devices may be of the same type. For example, two or more IGUs may be coupled to the control system. At least two of the plurality of devices may be of different types. For example, sensors and transmitters can be coupled to the control system. The plurality of devices may sometimes comprise at least 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000, 7500, 10000, 50000, 100000 or 500000 devices. The plurality of devices can have any number of devices between the foregoing numbers (eg, 20 devices to 500,000 devices, 20 devices to 50 devices, 50 devices to 500 devices, 500 devices to 2500 devices, 1000 devices to 5,000 devices, 5,000 devices to 10,000 devices, 10,000 devices to 100,000 devices, or 100,000 devices to 500,000 devices). For example, the number of windows in a floor may be at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 or 50. The number of windows in a floor can be any number between the foregoing numbers (eg, 5 to 50, 5 to 25, or 25 to 50). In some cases, devices may be in multi-storey buildings. At least a portion of the floors of the multi-story building may have devices controlled by the control system (eg, at least a portion of the floors of the multi-story building may be controlled by the control system). For example, a multi-story building may have at least 2, 8, 10, 25, 50, 80, 100, 120, 140 or 160 floors controlled by the control system. The number of floors (eg, devices therein) controlled by the control system can be any number between the foregoing numbers (eg, 2 to 50, 25 to 100, or 80 to 160). A floor may have an area of at least about 150 m ² , 250 m ² , 500 m ² , 1000 m ² , 1500 m ² or 2000 square meters (m ² ). Floors can have an area between any of the foregoing floor area values (eg, about 150 m ² to about 2000 m ² , about 150 m ² to about 500 m ² , about 250 m ² to about 1000 m ² , or about 1000 m 2 . m ² to about 2000 m ² ). The building may comprise an area of at least about 1,000 square feet (sqft), 2,000 square feet, 5,000 square feet, 10,000 square feet, 100,000 square feet, 150,000 square feet, 200,000 square feet, or 500,000 square feet. A building may comprise an area between any of the foregoing areas (eg, from about 1,000 square feet to about 5,000 square feet, from about 5,000 square feet to about 500,000 square feet, or from about 1,000 square feet to about 500,000 square feet). A building may comprise an area of at least about 100 m ² , 200 m ² , 500 m ² , 1000 m ² , 5000 m ² , 10000 m ² , 25000 m ² or 50000 m ² . A building may comprise an area between any of the foregoing (eg, about 100 m ² to about 1000 m ² , about 500 m ² to about 25,000 m ² , about 100 m ² to about 50,000 m ² ). Facilities may contain commercial or residential buildings. A commercial building may include tenant(s) and/or owner(s). Residential facilities may contain multi-family or single-family buildings. Residential facilities may include residential complexes. Residential facilities may include single-family dwellings. Residential facilities may include multi-family dwellings (eg, apartments). Residential facilities may include townhouses. Facilities may contain both residential and commercial components. A facility can include at least about 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 420, 450, 500, or 550 windows (eg, tintable windows). The windows may be divided into zones (eg, based at least in part on the location, facade, floor, ownership, utilization, any other assignment metric, random assignment, or any of the enclosures (eg, rooms) in which the windows are placed) combination). The assignment of windows to regions can be static or dynamic (eg, based on heuristics). There may be at least about 2, 5, 10, 12, 15, 30, 40 or 46 windows per region.

1A shows an example of a framed window 102 in a window frame 103 (partial view shown) and a fastener structure 104 including a first hinge 105a and a second hinge 105b that facilitate display configuration 101 such as at arrow 111 Rotate around the hinge axis in the direction. The window may be an electrochromic window. The window may be in the form of an EC IGU. In one embodiment, mounted to the window frame (eg, 103 ) is one or more display configurations (eg, transparent displays) (eg, 101 ) that are at least partially transparent. In one embodiment, one or more display constructions (eg, transparent displays) comprise T-OLED technology, although it should be understood that the present invention should not be limited or limited by this technology. In one embodiment, one or more display constructs (eg, transparent displays) are mounted to the frame (eg, 103 ) via fastener structures (eg, 104 ). In one embodiment, the fastener structure (also referred to herein as a "fastener") includes a bracket. In one embodiment, the fastener structure includes an L-shaped bracket. In one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket includes a length approximately or equal to the length of the side of the window (eg, and in the example shown in FIG. 1A, also the length of fastener 104). In an embodiment, the window has a basic length dimension (e.g., length) of at most 60 feet ('), 50', 40', 30', 25', 20', 15', 10', 5', or 1'. The FLS of the window can have any value between the aforementioned values (e.g., from 1' to 60', from 1' to 30', from 30' to 60', or from 10' to 40'). In embodiments, the basic length dimension (e.g., length) of the window is at least about 50', 60', 80', or 100'. In one embodiment, a display construction (eg, a transparent display) encompasses an area that matches (eg, substantially) the surface area of a window (eg, pane). The fastener structure may be mounted to the structure (eg, a frame portion such as a mullion) via a locking mechanism (eg, a snap-fit lock) and/or via screw(s), eg, may be configured for sliding and snapping attached. Fasteners may include mounting plates. Fasteners can be configured to allow their associated cabling and/or wiring to reside in support structure cavities (eg, frame portions) without exerting pressure on the support structure (eg, fasteners). The support structure may include clamps (eg, spring clamps) to hold the fasteners in place.

In certain embodiments, the area of the display approximates the visual area of the window (eg, the area within the frame system of the window (eg, see 1 in FIG. 1B )). In one embodiment, one or more display structures (eg, transparent displays) collectively (eg, substantially and/or substantially) cover the visual area of the window (eg, see Figure 1 b, 2 and 3). In one embodiment, the transparent display covers an area that is approximately one-half of the visual area of the (eg, tintable) window. In one embodiment, two or more displays are mounted above a single viewing window (see 2 and 3 in Fig. lb). The display construction can cover (eg, tint) at least a portion of the window. The display construction can cover (eg, tint) at least about 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible portion of the window. The area occupied by the display construct may be the entire (100%) of the visible portion of the (eg, tintable) window. The area occupied by the display structures can be any percentage of the visible portion of the (eg, tintable) window between the foregoing percentages (eg, from about 10% to about 100%, from about 10% to about 50%, or from about 50% to about 100%). Sometimes, a plurality of display constructs can cover (eg, tint) a window. Display constructs may be installed in one or more layouts and/or configurations, eg, to maximize design flexibility. A plurality of fasteners may be coupled (eg, separately) to the plurality of display structures (eg, to allow rotation of the display structures). FIG. 1B shows examples of various windows in a facade 120 of a building, which includes windows 122, 123, and 121, and displays configurations 1, 2, and 3. FIG. In the example shown in Figure IB, display construction 1 is at least partially transparent and positioned over window 123 (eg, display construction 1 is superpositioned over window 123) such that the entire window 123 is covered by the display construction, and the user The external environment (eg, flowers, glass, and trees) can be viewed through display configuration 1 and window 123 . Display construction 1 is coupled to the window using fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display construction about an axis parallel to the bottom horizontal edge of the window, the rotation being tied in the direction of arrow 127 . In the example shown in FIG. 1B , display constructions 2 and 3 are at least partially transparent and disposed over window 121 such that the entire window 121 is covered by each covering (eg, extending to) about half of the surface area of window 121 by two The display structures overlay, and the user can view the external environment (eg, flowers, glass, and trees) through display structures 2 and 3 and window 121 . Display construction 2 is coupled to window 121 using fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display construction about an axis parallel to the left vertical edge of the window, the rotation being tied in the direction of arrow 126 . Display construction 3 is coupled to the window using fasteners that facilitate rotation of the display construction about an axis parallel to the right vertical edge of window 121 , the rotation being tied in the direction of arrow 125 .

In some embodiments, the display constructs are coupled to structures (eg, fixtures). The structure may contain windows, walls or panels. The display construction may be coupled to the structure using fasteners. For example, when the display construction is operable, there may be a distance between the display construction and the structure. The distance may be up to about 0.5 meters (m), 0.4 m, 0.3 m, 0.2 m, 0.1 m, 0.05 m, 0.025 m, or 0.01 m.

In some embodiments, the electronic box is operably coupled to or includes a power source. A power source may be an electrical device that supplies electrical power to an electrical load. The power supply converts the current from the source to the correct voltage, current and/or frequency to power the load. The power supply may limit the current drawn by the load to safe levels (eg, according to regulatory and/or safety standards), turn off current (eg, in the event of an electrical fault), regulate power (eg, prevent electrical noise on the input) and/or voltage surges to the load), correct power factor, and/or store energy (eg, to facilitate continued operation of the load in the event of a temporary interruption of source power). The load may be a media display (eg, an OLED display). The power source may be an electrical power converter. The power supply may be a separate stand-alone device. The power supply may be included in the electronic box. The independent power supply unit may be placed in a structure such as a fixture. The structure may include sash portions (eg, mullions or sashes) or walls. The power supply unit may be placed at a distance from the electronic box and/or the timing controller. The distance may be at least about 30 feet ('), 50', 100', 200', 300'. The electronics box may or may not be part of the fastener (eg, attached to the fastener). In some embodiments, the electronics box (eg, including any analog-to-digital converter) may be positioned at a distance from the fastener (eg, not part of the fastener).

In some embodiments, the housing of the electronic components (eg, circuitry) includes at least one heat exchanger. For example, the electronics box, power supply housing, and/or timing controller housing (eg, fasteners) may include one or more heat exchangers (eg, as disclosed herein). The heat exchanger may be a fan. Heat exchangers can be passive or active. The heat exchanger may contain heat pipes. Heat exchangers can include components configured to absorb and/or transfer heat efficiently. For example, the heat exchanger may include metal plates (eg, fins). The metal plate may contain elemental metals or metal alloys.

In some embodiments, the housing of electronic components (eg, fasteners) may contain one or more fans. A fan can direct gas (eg, air) from one side thereof to the other (eg, push or draw gas into the surrounding environment). The direction in which the fan rotates determines its push/pull gas functionality. A fan may have a basic length dimension (eg, height, length, width, radius, or radius bounding a circle). The base length dimension (FLS) of the fan may be up to about 5 centimeters (cm), 4 cm, 3 cm, 2.5 cm, 2 cm, 1.5 cm, 1 cm, or 0.5 cm. The FLS can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 5 cm to about 0.5 cm, from about 5 cm to about 2 cm, or from about 2 cm to about 0.5 cm). The height and length of the fans may be (eg, substantially) equal. The width of the fan may be at most about half, one third, one quarter or one fifth of the height and/or length of the fan. The fan may have a plurality of blades (eg, at least 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 blades). In some embodiments, the fan may be bladeless. Fans may require low voltages of up to about 1.5 volts (V), 2 V, 3 V, 4 V, 5 V, 6 V, 7 V, 8 V, 9 V, or 10 V, for example. The speed of the fan may be at least about 5 thousand revolutions per minute (KRPM), 5.5 KRPM, 6 KRPM, 6.5 KRPM, 7 KRPM, 7.5 KRPM, 8 KRPM, 8.5 KRPM, 9 KRPM, 9.5 KRPM, 10 KRPM, 10.5 KRPM, 11 KRPM, 11.5 KRPM or 12 KRPM. The fan can have a low noise signature. The low noise signature can have up to about 10.0 decibels (dbA), 15 dbA, 20 dbA, 25 dbA, or 30 dbA, where the dbA value is adjusted for changing the sensitivity of the human ear to sounds of different frequencies. A low noise signature can be below (eg, about 65 dbA) of speech sounds. A low noise signature can be up to about (eg, about 10 dbA) respiratory noise, (eg, about 20 dbA) quiet study, (eg, about 40 dbA) soft-spoken, or (eg, about 50 dbA) dbA to about 65 dbA) in an office environment. The noise level of the fan may comply with jurisdictional standards, such as those promulgated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The fan may have a weight of up to about 5 grams (g), 6 g, 8 g, or 10 g. The fan may have at least about 0.02 cubic meters per minute (M3/min ⁾ , 0.03 M3 ^/ min, 0.04 M3 ^/ min, 0.05 M3/min, 0.06 M3 ^/ min, 0.07 M3 ^/ min, ^{0.08 M3} /min, 0.09 M ³ /min, 0.1 M ³ /min, 0.15 M ³ /min, 0.2 M ³ /min, 0.3 M ³ /min, 0.4 M ³ /min or 0.5 M ³ /min Air Conductivity. The fans may have conductivities between any of the conductivities mentioned herein (eg, from about 0.02 M ³ /min to about 0.05 M ³ /min, from about 0.05 M ³ /min to about 0.1 M ³ /min min or from about 0.1 M ³ /min to about 0.5 M ³ /min).

In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of circuit boards may be positioned in a manner that facilitates shielding, heat exchange, and/or cooling elements positioned therebetween. At least one shielding element may be disposed between the first circuit board and the second circuit board positioned adjacent (eg, directly) to each other. Shielding elements may include electrical and/or electromagnetic (eg, radio frequency) shielding. The shield may or may not act as a heat exchanger and/or cooling element. The housing of the electronic components may include heat exchangers and/or cooling elements separate from the shields. The heat exchanger and/or cooling element may comprise heat pipes or metal plates. The metals may comprise elemental metals or metal alloys. Metals can be configured for (eg, efficient and/or fast) heat transfer. Metals may include copper, aluminum, brass, steel or bronze. The cooling element may comprise a fluid, gas or semi-solid (eg, gel) material. The cooling elements can be active and/or passive. The cooling element may contain circulating substances. The cooling element may be operably coupled to an active cooling device (eg, a thermostat, cooler, and/or refrigerator). The active cooling device may be positioned outside the housing of the device set. The cooling element may be placed in a fixture (eg, a floor, ceiling, wall, or frame) of an enclosure (eg, a building or room) in which an enclosure of the electronic components is placed. Fixtures can include mullions or traverses.

In some embodiments, the display construction assembly can accept one or more connector types for media signals and/or power. For example, at least one connector and/or socket to one or more drivers and/or receivers is used, for example, for serial communication systems (eg, RS485 (input and output)). Communication can be bidirectional. Connectors and/or sockets may include connectors to optical cable(s). Connector and/or socket types may include HDMI, Display Port (DP) input and/or output, or alternating current (AC) input and/or switch. 17 shows an example of one side of a controller and power supply assembly 1700 including HDMI input 1701, DP1 input 1702, RS485 input 1703, AC switch and AC input 1704, RS485 output 1705, and DP output 1706. 17 shows the controller and power assembly 1710 connected to the main power line 1711, the window controller 1712, the IGU 1715, the frame cap 1718 (sometimes referred to as the "beauty cap"), the window frame 1719, the circuitry 1716 ( For example, disassembly (eg, including boosters and/or drivers for the display matrix), hinges (eg, hinge 1717), display structure 1714, cover 1720, and display structure frame (eg, edge bezel) 1713 of the display structure For example, exploded) perspective. The display construction frame may be a cover for the touch screen assembly(s). The window controller may be positioned on a side of the window that is closer or farther away from the window. The window controls may be placed in (or on) the window frame, in (or on) the wall, in (or on) the ceiling, in (or on) the floor. The hinge may or may not be temporarily locked (eg, using inserts (eg, slits or slits), protrusions, and/or springs (eg, spring plungers)).

In some embodiments, the display configuration is aligned with a viewing window (eg, an integrated glass unit abbreviated herein as "IGU"). The display structure can be configured to be positioned on at least a portion of the (eg, tintable) window. For example, the display construct can be configured to be superpositioned with at least a portion of the window. The display configuration can be configured to facilitate simultaneous viewing from one side of the window (eg, the interior environment) to its opposite side (eg, the exterior environment). The display structure may be in the line of sight of the user looking through the window (or any portion thereof).

In some embodiments, the controller is operably coupled (eg, communicatively coupled) with the display construct. Communication may be wired and/or wireless. The controller may control the display configuration at least partially automatically. The controller may be, for example, a timing controller (eg, T-CON) as disclosed herein. Controls may include electronic and/or optical controls. The controller may comprise a microcontroller. The controller may be positioned adjacent to the glass (eg, IGU) and/or display structure. The controller may be positioned in a window frame (eg, a sash or mullion). In some embodiments, the mullion (eg, FIG. 1B, 131) is the vertical orientation of the window frame, and the sash (eg, FIG. 1B, 130) is the horizontal orientation of the window frame. The window frame may (eg, directly or indirectly) hold the glass and/or display construction. The glass may be tintable glass. The tintable glass can be controlled (eg, using at least one controller). For example, tintable glass can be controlled by a hierarchy of controllers (see, eg, FIG. 15). The hierarchy of controllers can be static or dynamic (eg, where the hierarchy designation of controllers is changed dynamically). One or more controllers that control the viewing (eg, tintable) window may or may not control a display configuration (also referred to herein as a "media display configuration").

In some embodiments, the display construction includes glass. The glass may be in the form of one or more panes of glass. For example, a display configuration may include a display matrix (eg, an array of lights) disposed between two panes of glass. The lamp array may include an array of colored lamps. For example, an array of red, green and blue lights. For example, an array of cyan, magenta and yellow lamps. Lamp arrays may include lamp colors used in electronic screen displays. The lamp array may comprise an array of LEDs (eg, OLEDs, such as TOLEDs). A matrix display (eg, an array of lamps) can be at least partially transparent (eg, to the average human eye). Transparent OLEDs can facilitate a substantial (eg, greater than about 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, 90% or 95%) transition of the intensity and/or wavelength sensed by the average human eye. Matrix displays provide minimal disruption to users viewing through the array. The light array provides minimal disturbance to a user viewing through the window on which the array is placed. Display matrices (eg, lamp arrays) can be maximally transparent. The at least one glass pane of the display construction may be of conventional glass thickness. Conventional glass can have a thickness of at least about 1 millimeter (mm), 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or 6 mm. Conventional glass can have a thickness between any of the foregoing values (eg, from 1 mm to 6 mm, from 1 mm to 3 mm, from 3 mm to about 4 mm, or from 4 mm to 6 mm). At least one glass pane of the display construction may have a thin glass thickness. Thin glass can have a thickness of up to about 0.4 millimeters (mm), 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, or 0.9 mm thick. The thin glass can have a thickness between any of the foregoing values (eg, from 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm, from 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm, or from 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm). The glass showing the structure can be at least transmissive (eg, in the visible spectrum). For example, the glass can be at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% transmissive. The glass can have a percent transmittance value between any of the foregoing percentages (eg, from about 80% to about 99%). A display configuration may include one or more panes (eg, glass panes). For example, a display construct may include a plurality (eg, two) of panes. The glass panes may have (eg, substantially) the same thickness or different thicknesses. The front-facing pane may be thicker than the rear-facing pane. The rear-facing pane may be thicker than the front-facing pane. The front side may be in the direction of the intended viewer (eg, in front of display construction 101 looking at display construction 101). The backside can be in the direction of the (eg, tintable) window (eg, 102). One glass can be thicker relative to the other glass. Thicker glass may be at least about 1.25*, 1.5*, 2*, 2.5*, 3*, 3.5*, or 4* thicker than thinner glass. The symbol "*" specifies the mathematical operation "multiply". The transmittance of the display structure (including one or more panes and display matrix (eg, lamp array or LCD)) may be at least about 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%. The display construction can have a transmittance percentage value between any of the foregoing percentages (eg, from about 20% to about 90%, from about 20% to about 50%, from about 20% to about 40%, from about 30% to about 40%, from about 40% to about 80%, or from about 50% to about 90%). A higher percent transmittance refers to a higher intensity and/or a broader spectrum of light that passes through a material (eg, glass). The transmittance may be for visible light. Transmittance can be measured as the transmittance of visible light (abbreviated herein as "Tvis") with reference to the amount of light in the visible portion of the spectrum that passes through the material. Transmittance can be relative to the intensity of incident light. The display construction can transmit at least about 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the visible spectrum (eg, wavelength spectrum) of light therethrough. A percentage value between any of the foregoing percentages (eg, from about 80% to about 99%) is displayed that the construction can transmit. In some embodiments, a liquid crystal display is utilized instead of an array of lamps. 2 shows a schematic example of a display construction assembly 200 including a thicker support structure (eg, glass pane) 205, a first adhesive layer 204, a display matrix 203, a second adhesive, prior to its lamination Agent layer 202 and thinner support structure (eg, glass pane) 201 , the matrix is connected via wiring 211 to circuitry 212 that controls at least one aspect of the display structure coupled to fasteners 213 .

The display matrix has reflectivity and/or color properties. The display matrix can be colored, grayscale, or black and white. The display matrix can have color depth. The color depth can be at least about 2.5, 5, 10, 1.25, or 1.5 billion colors. The color depth can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 250 million colors to about 1.5 billion colors, from about 250 million colors to about 1.25 billion colors, or from about 1 billion colors to about 1.5 billion colors colors). The display construction may have a contrast ratio of at least about 100,000, 120,000, 150,000, 170,000, or 200,000 to one. The display construction can have a contrast ratio relative to one between any of the above-referenced values (eg, from about 100,000:1 to about 200,000:1, from about 100,000:1 to about 150,000:1, or from about 150,000:1 to 200000:1). The reflectivity of the display structure may be up to about 2%, 4%, 8%, 10%, 14%, or 18%. The reflectivity of the display structure can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 2% to about 18% or from about 2% to about 14%).

In some embodiments, at least one glass pane in the display construction and/or IGU is strengthened. At least one glass of the display construction and/or IGU may be a virgin glass (eg, that has not undergone a strengthening and/or tempering process). The glass may be tempered glass. Tempered glass can be thermally strengthened, thermally tempered, or chemically strengthened. The chemically strengthened glass may be chemically tempered glass. Chemically strengthened glass may include Gorilla glass. The glass may contain SentryGlass ^(R) used. Chemically strengthened glasses may include one or more ion (eg, cation) doped glasses. The cation can be an alkali metal (eg, potassium) or an alkaline earth cation. The glass may contain one or more pigments. Glass can allow transitions of UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity) through it. Glass can reduce (eg, prevent) penetration of UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity). Glass can absorb at least a portion of UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity). In some embodiments, the glass may include a surface treatment (eg, sanding).

In some embodiments, the display construction may include an adhesive (eg, a laminate and/or an adhesive). In some embodiments, the display construction may include an adhesive, which includes polymers and/or resins. An adhesive may be placed between the glass pane and the display matrix. The adhesive can be selected to facilitate formation of the construction (eg, adhesion of the display matrix to the glass pane) with minimal (eg, without) damage to the display matrix. The adhesive can be cured by thermal and/or UV treatment. The temperature of the heat treatment is such that damage to the display matrix is minimal (eg, without measurable and/or substantial damage to the display matrix). Not damaging the array to a considerable extent can refer to not damaging the array to the extent that it affects its intended purpose (eg, its performance as a display according to its specifications). The binder can include at least one organic polymer. The at least one organic polymer may include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene amide, SGP resin (eg, Dupont's SGP 5000). The adhesive can include, for example, 3M's OCA (eg, 3M 8211, 3M 8212, 3M 8213, 3M 8214, 3M 8215, 3M 8171, or 3M 8172). The polymer(s) may allow transitions of UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity) therethrough. The polymer can reduce (eg, prevent) the penetration of UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity). The polymer can absorb at least a portion of the UV light (eg, its wavelength and/or intensity).

In some embodiments, the display construction includes lamination. The display construction may include tintable devices (eg, electrochromic devices). The tintable device can be laminated to the display construction (to form a single display construction unit). For example, a display construction may include a deposited electrochromic layer construction (eg, deposited on the backside of a media display (eg, the backside of an LED)). The display construction may include one or more layers (eg, deposition and/or lamination layers) to protect the media display from radiation (eg, UV and/or IR radiation). The added layers may constitute films (eg, electrochromic devices, UV protective layers, and/or IR protective layers). The film may be part of the display structure. The film can facilitate a longer operational life of the display construction. Films can promote higher contrast in the displayed media. A display construction (eg, including an electrochromic film) can be coupled to a tintable (eg, electrochromic) window. The films may constitute any tintable window capability (eg, liquid crystal devices, suspended particle devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices such as micro-shutters, or any technology configured to control the transmittance of light through a window). The liquid crystal device may include a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the display construction may include an adhesive in the form of at least one layer. The adhesive may include at least one layer of optically clear adhesive (abbreviated herein as an "OCA" layer). For example, the display construction may include two layers of adhesive. The adhesive layer may have a thickness of at least about 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm. The adhesive layer can have a thickness of any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 0.2 mm to about 1 mm, from about 0.2 mm to about 0.6 mm, or from about 0.7 mm to about 1 mm). The adhesive thickness can be selected to minimize weight, eg, while sufficiently bonding the construction to form a high tolerance construction that can be machine cut (eg, with high die cutting machine tolerance). The adhesive may increase the durability and/or optical properties of the display construction compared to the display construction without the adhesive. The adhesive can be (eg, substantially and/or completely) transparent (eg, to visible light). The binder may be colorless. The adhesive can contact the (eg, largest) surface of the display matrix and the (eg, largest) surface of the panes (eg, glass panes), thereby adhering the display matrix to the panes. The adhesive may minimally (eg, not) contribute to optical and/or visual distortion of the media displayed by the display.

In some embodiments, the pane(s), adhesive, and display matrix are cured prior to deployment. Curing can be by UV light, moisture and/or heat. The curing method can be selected to preserve the functionality of the display matrix and minimize any optical distortion (eg, maximize transmittance, reduce haze, and/or air gaps, such as air gaps). Adhesives can increase the durability of the display construction. For example, adhesives can reduce the fragility and/or reduce the flammability of the display construction. The adhesive may facilitate adjustment of the refractive index of the pane to the ambient air (eg, where the viewer is located), eg, to (i) minimize losses due to any Fresnel reflections, (ii) to minimize distortion through display construction All colors are transmitted, and/or (iii) the image projected by the display structure is enhanced. Distortion of color can be due to color transfer through the adhesive, through the glass panes, and to the ambient air. The display construction (eg, the binder therein) can improve storage and/or improve the operating temperature range of the display matrix. The adhesive prevents one or more gases and/or debris (eg, dust or sebum) from reaching the display matrix. The display construction (eg, adhesive, glass, and/or any coatings) can prevent physical interference (eg, due to contact) to the display matrix. Contact may be direct contact by the user.

In some embodiments, the IGU and/or display construction may include a coating (eg, an anti-reflective coating). Coatings can improve the optical performance of glass and/or display structures. Coatings can be applied to glass panes, adhesive layers, display matrices, and/or electrochromic structures. Coatings may be deposited as anti-reflection, anti-glare, anti-condensation, anti-scratch, anti-smudge treatments and/or anti-UV treatments.

In some embodiments, the display construction may include a seal. The seal may be placed between two panes of the display structure with the display matrix placed therebetween. The seal may comprise a polymer/resin (eg, any of the polymers/resins disclosed herein). The seal may comprise a carbon-based (eg, organic) polymer or a silicon-based polymer. The seal can protect the display construction from light (eg, UV), moisture, oxygen, physical contact (eg, physical damage), debris, and/or other environmental components.

In some embodiments, the display construction is durable over extended life. The life expectancy can be at least about 2 y, 5 y, 10 y, 15 y, 25 y, 50 y, 75 y, or 100(y) years. The expected lifetime can be any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y) . The extended lifetime may be at least 20 Kh, 30 Kh, 50 Kh, 100 Kh, 500 Kh or 1000 Kh (thousand hours). The extended lifetime of the display construction can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 20 Kh to about 1000 Kh, from about 20 Kh to about 100 Kh, or from about 100 Kh to about 1000 Kh). Hours may refer to, for example, the number of hours the display construct is operated for its intended purpose. The lifetime of a display construct may depend on its operating hours and/or any environmental conditions (eg, UV light, humidity, and/or temperature at the location where it is deployed).

In some embodiments, the display construct is fastened to a fixture (eg, a window frame or wall), such as by a fastening mechanism (also referred to herein as a "fastener"), which holds the (eg, tintable) window . A fastener may contain one or more components. For example, fasteners may include brackets, hinges, covers. Fasteners can be permanent or non-permanent. Non-permanent fasteners can be removed manually and/or automatically. For example, a fastener may include one or more screws that fasten it to the window frame. Fasteners may include hinges and/or brackets. The hinge may be flexible. The bracket and/or cover (or any portion thereof) may be rigid or non-flexible. Fasteners (eg, including hinges and/or brackets) may be opaque. The fastener (eg, any of its components) may comprise elemental metals, metal alloys, allotropes of elemental carbon, polymers, or composites. At least two components of the fastener can be made of (eg, substantially) the same type. At least two components of the fastener can be made of different material types. The elemental metal may include aluminum. Metal alloys may include steel. Fasteners may contain non-corrosive materials. At least a portion of the fastener (eg, bracket and/or cover) can be configured to carry the weight of the display construction, eg, without causing (eg, substantial) deformation over its expected life (eg, as described herein revealed in). The weight of the shown construction may be at least about 5 Kg, 10 Kg, 15 Kg, 20 Kg, 25 Kg, 30 Kg, 35 Kg, 40 Kg, or 50 kilograms (Kg). The weight of the shown construction can be any weight between the foregoing weights (eg, from 5 Kg to 50 Kg, from 5 Kg to 25 Kg, or from 25 Kg to 50 Kg). 3 shows an example of a vertical cross-section of assembly 300 (partial view shown) with display matrix 311 disposed between first pane 312 and second pane 313 as part of the display configuration, with L-shaped brackets The shelf 302 is positioned between the two glass panes 312 and 313 and is coupled to the display configuration, the L-shaped bracket is coupled to the hinge 303 .

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the outer surface of the carrier is smooth. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the outer surface of the carrier has a glossy or matte texture. Smooth can refer to an outer surface having an Ra value of up to 60 micrometers (μm), 40 μm, or 20 μm.

Fasteners can be configured for ease of installation and/or removal of the display configuration from supporting structures (eg, window frames and/or walls). Removal may be used for maintenance, replacement and/or upgrade of any part of the display structure and/or structure (or any associated device). For example, fasteners may allow for (eg, easy) removal and/or insertion of a display configuration. For example, the fasteners may allow for (eg, easy) removal and/or insertion of the portion of the frame to which the fasteners are attached. For example, the fasteners may allow for (eg, easy) removal and/or insertion of a tintable window supported by a frame to which the fasteners are attached. Easy may refer to low labor costs, low labor levels (eg, low labor inspections), and/or short labor hours. Fasteners can be configured to slide and/or lock for installation to support structures (eg, fasteners).

In some embodiments, connecting material is disposed between the display structure and the fasteners (eg, and brackets and/or covers). The connecting material may comprise a polymer (eg, as disclosed herein). The connection material may include gaskets. The connecting material may be curable (eg, by heat, humidity, and/or UV). The connecting material can have low resistance. The connecting material may comprise at least one polymer and/or at least one resin. The connecting material may have low resistance making it suitable for use as a packaging material in the electronics industry (eg, for smart phones, packaging, liquid crystal displays, and personal computers. The connecting material may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) , Very High Bond (VHB) material (eg, 3M VHB 4926) or SR or SRS-40P. The joining material may comprise acrylic material. The joining material may retain its properties and shape at ambient temperature. The tensile strength of the joining material may be is at least about 0.60 MPa, 0.63 MPa, 0.66 MPa, 0.68 MPa, or 0.70 megapascals (MPa). The shear strength of the joining material may be at least about 0.54 MPa, 0.60 MPa, 0.620 MPa, 0.64 MPa, or 0.68 MPa. Shear strength May be less than the tensile strength. Shear strength and/or tensile strength may be such that it will facilitate holding the display construct by the fastener (or any portion of the fastener connected to the display construct by a connecting material (eg, adhesive) ), for example, to show the expected life and/or time of use of the structure. The connecting material may be hard and/or flexible. The connecting material may be an adhesive. The connecting material may be soft before it cures, and may be soft before it cures Can be stiffer afterwards. The attachment material can be selected to carry at least the load (eg, weight) of the display construction (eg, depending on its intended purpose), eg, during constant and/or different conditions. The bracket may include a vertical portion, a curved portion and/or corners. The bracket may have no corners. The bracket may be vertical or curved. The bracket may include two vertical portions (eg, two arms) that form (eg, about) an angle. The angle may be Right angle or obtuse angle. The bracket can be "L" shaped. The arms of the bracket and/or cover can be placed between two panes, contact the display matrix, and/or contact adhesive.

In some embodiments, the wires are hidden from the view of the user by the fastener (eg, or any component thereof). For example, the bracket and/or cover may connect to one or more (eg, electrical) wires of the display matrix, eg, hidden from the user. Wires can be attached to the bracket and/or cover. The bracket and/or cover may include a recessed portion configured to accommodate the wire(s). In some embodiments, the cover and bracket are the same component (eg, 531). The recessed portion may be hidden from the user's view (eg, may be positioned in the rear portion of the bracket and/or cover). The wire(s) can be connected to a display matrix (eg, a light array or LCD). Wire(s) can be connected to the controller. The controller may include a timing controller and/or a microcontroller. Attachment material (eg, a connector) may be disposed along the width of the display construction (eg, along the fastener structure 104). The connecting material may be disposed along at least about 50%, 80%, or 90% of the width of the display construction. Fasteners may contain curved portions. Fasteners may contain non-curved portions.

In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge. In some embodiments, the hinge includes two blades connected by a joint that forms an axis about which the blades are configured to move. The first blade of the hinge may be operably coupled (eg, connected) to the bracket and/or the cover. The second blade of the hinge may be operably coupled (eg, connected) to the fixture. The fixture can be a wall or a window frame. The hinge may facilitate movement of the display structure about the hinge axis. The joint may facilitate opening of the hinge to an acute angle, a right angle, an obtuse angle, a flat angle (eg, 180°), or a full rotation (eg, about 360°). Fastening the hinge to the fixture and display structure (eg, via a bracket and/or cover) facilitates movement of the display structure about the axis of the hinge joint. Such movement may facilitate maintenance of the display configuration without interfering with the window (eg, IGU) and/or fixtures. Maintenance may include cleaning, repairing and/or replacing, for example, the display structure and any part or component thereof.

In some embodiments, a fastener may comprise a plurality of components. The plurality of components may include brackets, covers, hinges and/or plates. The display structure may be coupled (eg, connected) to the bracket and/or cover. The bracket and/or cover may be coupled to one of the blades of the hinge. The other blade of the hinge can be indirectly coupled to the fixture by directly coupling the other hinge blade to a plate that is directly connected to the fixture. The plate can include any of the fastener materials disclosed herein (eg, elemental metals and/or metal alloys). Fasteners can include multiple components of the same type. For example, fasteners may include hinges, brackets, covers, and/or plates. The plurality of fastener components may be at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, or 10 components (eg, of the same type or different types). A hinge may include a set of hinge components (eg, knuckles and pivots). Fasteners can contain multiple sets of hinge assemblies. The set of hinge assemblies can be aligned to have a single hinge axis. The fastener may be formed by two rotating blades around the axis of the hinge complement. At least one (eg, each) of the blades may include a single plate incorporating one half of the plurality of hinge assemblies (eg, knuckles) such that when the two blades are integrated, a plurality of sets of functional hinge assemblies are created (eg, as shown in the example of Figure 37). In some embodiments, two blades having respective hinge assemblies to form a plurality of operative hinge assemblies form fasteners, wherein each of the two blades is formed from a single sheet of material, the fasteners compared to will be shown Configurations coupled to individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges are stronger and/or more durable. In some embodiments, two blades having respective hinge assemblies to form a plurality of operative hinge assemblies form fasteners, wherein each of the two blades is formed from a single sheet of material, the fasteners compared to will be shown Constructing coupled to a plurality of individual fasteners each having a single set of hinges is easier to install, maintain and/or replace. In some embodiments, having two blades with respective hinge assemblies to form a plurality of operative hinge assemblies facilitates a more accurate display configuration than coupling the display configuration to a plurality of separate fasteners each having a single hinge set Aligned with each of the two blades formed from a single plate. This single fastener provides additional advantages such as incorporating a heat exchanger (eg, a fan), directing heat exchange (eg, within the fastener and/or along the display configuration), and/or coupling one or more circuit boards to the fasteners.

In some embodiments, at least one blade of the hinge includes one or more holes. At least one of the one or more holes is configured to allow a screw to pass through and connect the hinge (eg, reversibly) to a fixture (eg, a window frame) and/or a bracket. Attaching the fastener (or any component thereof) to the display construction and/or fixture (eg, window frame) can be (I) irreversible (eg, using a joining material) or (II) reversible (eg, using an or multiple screws). The fixture and/or plate can use both irreversible and reversible connections between itself and the display construct. For example, the hinge may be reversibly connected to the window frame and irreversibly connected to the bracket. For example, the hinge may be reversibly connected to the bracket and irreversibly connected to the window frame. For example, the hinges can be reversibly attached to the window frame and reversibly attached to the brackets, which will be irreversibly attached (eg, glued) to the display construction. For example, the hinges can be reversibly attached to the wall and reversibly attached to the cover, which will be irreversibly attached (eg, glued) to the display construction. For example, the hinges may be reversibly attached to the plate and reversibly attached to the cover, which would be irreversibly attached (eg, glued) to the display construction. The plate may be reversibly coupled (eg, via screw(s)) or irreversibly (eg, via an adhesive (eg, glue)) to the fixture. 4 shows a schematic example of a hinge 400 having a first blade 401 with a plurality of holes (eg, 411 ) that allow movement of the screw in one direction; and a plurality of holes that allow movement of the screw in a second direction For the second vane 402 of each hole, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. The hinge shown in Figure 4 has a joint 420 that facilitates rotation of the first blade relative to the second blade. In some embodiments, the first vane has hole(s) with a long axis in a first direction, and the second vane has hole(s) with a long axis in a second direction, the first direction Forms a non-zero angle with the second direction (eg, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction). The relative direction of the major axis can be measured when the hinge is closed and one of the two leaves is on top of the other. In some embodiments, the brackets may be extensions of the blades of the hinge. In some embodiments, the bracket may be coupled (eg, fastened) to the blades of the hinge, eg, reversibly (eg, via screw(s)) or irreversibly (eg, via an adhesive). In some embodiments, the cover may be an extension of the blades of the hinge. In some embodiments, the cover may be coupled (eg, fastened) to the blades of the hinge, eg, reversibly (eg, via screw(s)) or irreversibly (eg, via adhesive).

In some embodiments, the electrical circuitry is communicatively coupled to the display construction. The electrical circuitry may (i) enhance the signal delivered to the display matrix, and/or (ii) deliver power from the power source to the display matrix. In some embodiments, the circuitry may include touch screen circuitry. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may be separate (eg, and housed in the touchscreen sensor cover). In some embodiments, the circuitry may connect the touch screen sensor(s) to a power source. In some embodiments, the touchscreen circuitry may have a separate connector to the power source.

Figure 5 shows an example of an assembly 520 showing a configuration 500 (partial view shown) attached to a fastener, the shown configuration including an L-shaped bracket being the first cover portion 501, a thermal pad 505, such as 506 (MXC ) connector's flexible electrical connector, circuit system 502 (eg, a booster board), flexible insulator 503, and second cover portion 504; and 510 shows a schematic representation of a circuit system board with screws and connectivity Bottom view, the circuit system board is attached to the cover. Assembly 520 is shown from a different perspective in 530, indicating display construction 536, flexible wiring (eg, MXC) 535, first portion of cover 531 that is a bracket (partial view shown), gasket (eg, Flexible insulator) 533 (partial view shown), circuitry 532 (partial view shown), and a second portion of cover 534 (partial view shown). The flexible insulator may be a foam gasket (eg, poron). The flexible insulator can have at least 25% compression. The carrier may have one or more thermal pads disposed thereon. Referring to Figure 5, in one embodiment, an L-shaped bracket 501 can be seen extending across the linear dimension of the transparent display (and attached to the cover glass 500), the L-shaped bracket 501 being the first cover. In one embodiment, the length of the bracket 501 can be up to about 10 feet. Circuitry (eg, signal boosters) may be connected to the display matrix by one or more flexible wiring (eg, MXC). Sometimes, multiple circuit system boards (eg, at least 2, 3, or 4 boards) may be seated in the fasteners (eg, between the first cover and the second cover). FIG. 5 shows an example of two circuit boards 502 and 507 . One or more (eg, flexible) connectors may connect the circuit system board to the flexible display matrix. The number of flexible connectors (eg, MXCs) may be at least 2, 5, 6, 8, or 10. FIG. 5 shows examples of flexible connectors 516 , 535 and 506 . One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (eg, micro) coaxial cables may house (i) circuitry (eg, boosters) and (ii) a controller (eg, timing control) placed in the fastener device) coupled. One or more (micro) cable bundles and/or (eg, micro) coaxial cables may be connected to a circuit board (eg, a booster board) by means of connectors. The number of electrical connectors (eg, connector 630 (partial view shown), such as IPLEX connectors) between the circuit board and the controller may be at least 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. 5 shows an example of a cable 513 connecting a board (eg, a driver board) to a controller (eg, a timing controller). One or more fine wiring bundles may connect the controller (eg, T-CON) to the booster board, which connects to flexible connectors (eg, MXC cables) to connect to the display matrix (eg, TOLED). The fasteners can be configured to fasten, accommodate and/or conceal cables and/or wiring from view by a viewer of the displayed construction.

The electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof) may be at least partially obscured from the view of the user by the fasteners (or any components thereof, such as hinges and/or plates). The electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof) may be at least partially protected from access by a user. The brackets, covers, plates and/or hinges may have openable portions. The openable portion can pivot about an axis (eg, the openable portion can pivot about an auxiliary hinge to facilitate its pivoting). A fastener may have one or more of its component types (eg, one or more brackets, one or more covers, one or more plates, one or more primary hinges, and/or one or more auxiliary Hinge). One or more components of the fastener may span the FLS of the display configuration and/or viewing window, or portions thereof. The openable and/or removable portion may facilitate maintenance of the electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof), eg, without requiring fasteners to be coupled to the support structure and/or detached from the display structure. The use of openings (with or without any auxiliary hinges) may facilitate (i) the electronics box and/or the power box and (ii) the circuitry attached to the display structure (eg, display structure and/or touch control) (eg, reversible) disconnection of connecting cabling between screen-related circuitry). Such (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for replacement and/or maintenance of the electronics box and/or power supply without detaching the fasteners from the support structure and/or display structure. Such (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for replacement and/or maintenance of display structures and/or fasteners without disassembly of the electronics box and/or power supply unit. Such (eg, reversible) cabling attachment and detachment may allow for (I) separation (eg, disconnection) between the display configuration-fastener assembly and (II) the electronics box and/or power supply unit. The display construction-fastener assembly may optionally include touch screen facilitators (eg, sensor and emitter panels). For example, an openable and/or removable portion (eg, an auxiliary hinge) may facilitate maintenance of the booster plate or any cables and/or connectors connected thereto. Maintenance may include removal, repair, replacement and/or cleaning. For example, the board may have auxiliary openings that facilitate exposure of at least a portion of the controls and/or wiring. Figure 10 shows an example of an auxiliary opening that includes portions 1017 and 1021 as part of a fastening system. A cushion may be positioned between the openable and/or removable portion and the electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof). The bumper protects and/or prevents movement of the electrical circuitry (eg, and any connecting cables thereof). Protection can be from light, temperature (eg, heat or cold), contact, humidity, and/or oxygen. The cushion may comprise polymeric foam (eg, polyurethane). Cushioning pads may include foam pads. This cushion can help maintain a (eg, reasonable) bend radius on the wire(s). The wiring may include micro-bend complete (MXC) cable(s), eg, to connect circuitry to a controller (eg, a timing controller) and/or a power source. The wiring may be coupled to the circuitry via one or more connectors (eg, IPEX or micro connectors). Microconnectors can connect circuitry (eg, housed in fasteners) to the display matrix. The circuitry may include a booster board. The microconnector may have, for example, a plurality of wires incorporated in an envelope. The wiring may contain coaxial cable(s).

In some embodiments, the fasteners may include retractions that form openings. The retraction can be an auxiliary opening. Retraction can be centered on the mid-length of the fastener. The retraction may or may not be covered. Retractable coverage may or may not be reversible. For example, the cover may be an auxiliary hinge blade. The covering may be bolted to the fastener using screw(s) and/or clamps. The fastener may include two hinge blades coupled with the knuckle and pivot mechanism to form a hinge. The cover can be retracted when the fastener is in its closed hinge position. The (reversible) cover retracts when the (primary) fastener hinge(s) are in their closed position. The (reversible) open retraction is possible when the (primary) fastener hinge(s) are in their open position. FIG. 10 shows a cover 17017 covering the opening in the fastener 1021. The width of the retraction (eg, see FIG. 41 , dashed arrow _Wopening ) can extend up to about 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% of the hinge vane width (eg, see FIG. 41 , dashed arrow _Wtotal ) %, 50%, 40% or 30%. Retraction can be from the edge of the hinge blade towards its inner portion. The retraction may be an opening in the hinge blade (eg, a window in the hinge blade), eg having the above-referenced extension as its width. The length of the opening (eg, retracted eg, see FIG. 41 , dashed arrow _Lopening ) can extend up to about 60%, 50%, 40%, 30% of the full length of the hinge blade (eg, see FIG. 41 , dashed arrow _Ltotal ) %, 20% or 10%. The retraction can be extended to width and/or length so as to facilitate connection of any connectors that couple the circuit board to the display structure and/or touch screen related equipment (eg, sensor and transmitter panels) and/or Disconnect. The opening (eg, retraction) may or may not be centered on the length and/or width of the fastener (or any of its hinge blades).

In some embodiments, the controller may include a timing controller (abbreviated herein as "T-CON"). The timing controller may control the timing of operation of the various components of the display matrix (eg, when lighting LEDs in the display matrix). The timing controller can switch between the video signals required to display the matrix and the column and row driver signaling. Media signals can be transmitted to T-CON via communication interfaces such as Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS), Embedded Display Port (eDP), Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI®), Display Serial Interface (DSI) or VX1 plate. The circuitry (eg, chip and/or controller therein) may include a 60 Hz to 120 Hz frame rate converter. The timing controller can recharge to minimize optical response degradation of the LCD chemistry(s) responding to the charge, eg, to keep the signal uniform, avoid degradation, and/or update rates appropriately. A controller (eg, T-CON) may be positioned at a distance from the display construction assembly including the display construction and fastening systems (eg, fasteners).

In some embodiments, the display structure is operably coupled (eg, connected by wiring) to a power source. The circuitry is operably coupled (eg, connected by wiring) to a power source. Connections can be direct or indirect. Indirect connections may be via circuitry (eg, a booster). The power source may be an auxiliary power source. The power source may be coupled to municipal power sources (eg, power plants) and/or building power sources (eg, generators, solar cell(s), and/or wind turbines). The power source may be renewable and/or non-renewable. A power supply can be coupled to the BMS. The power supply can be coupled to the network infrastructure (eg, as disclosed herein). The power supply can be supplied AC about 240 V or 120 V (eg, residential current). Auxiliary power sources may include converters that reduce voltage (eg, up to about 24 V, 48 V, or 54 volts (V)). FIG. 6 shows an example of a perspective view of an assembly 600 including a display formation coupled to fasteners and in which fastener 602 (partial view shown) is coupled to display formation 601 (partial view shown) The circuitry shown is connected to circuitry (not shown) housed in fasteners via wiring 603 (partial view shown) that is fastened by hooks such as hooks 604 . The hook can be a link mount. Figure 6 shows a perspective view of hinge blade 634 connected to wiring 633 connected to circuitry 632, hinge blade 634 and hinge blade portion 635 (partial view shown) and by screws 637 to fasteners (not shown) shown) hinged blade portion 636 engages. Hinge blade portions 635 and 636 are parts of the same hinge blade. 6 shows an example of a side view of an assembly 620 including a fastener 662 coupled using a screw such as 661 to a fastener (not shown) with depending wiring extending from its body and fastened to a hook 666 667. Wire 667 is connected to (i) circuitry (not shown) disposed in fastener body 662 and (ii) a display structure including display matrix 664 disposed between thicker glass 665 and thinner glass 663 (shown). partial view). FIG. 6 shows an example of a side view of assembly 612 (similar to 620 ) disposed in a vertical cross-section of window frame 610 . FIG. 6 shows an example of electrical wiring 630 that may be used in the display construction assembly. Fasteners may include drivers and/or booster plates. The circuitry may facilitate data (eg, network communications) and/or power transfer.

The auxiliary power supply may supply direct current (DC) voltage. Auxiliary power sources may be positioned adjacent to the display structure and/or the IGU. Auxiliary power can be placed in the window frame, wall, floor or ceiling. The controller of the display structure can be located separately from its power source. The shortest distance from (i) the display fabric, booster board, driver board, and/or timing controller (eg, T-CON) to (ii) the power supply can be at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m, 5 m, 5.5 m, 6 m, 6.5 m, 7 m, 8 m, 10 m, or 20 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display fabric, booster board, driver board, and/or timing controller to (ii) the power supply can have any value between the aforementioned values (eg, from about 0.25 m to about 20 m, from approx. 0.25 m to about 5 m, from about 5 m to about 7 m, or from about 7 m to about 20 m). For example, the shortest distance from (i) driver and/or booster board to (ii) power supply and/or T-CON may be at least about 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m , 4.5 m, 5 m, 5.5 m, 6 m, 6.5 m, 7 m, 8 m or 10 m. The shortest distance from (i) the driver and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON can have any value between the aforementioned values (eg, from about 1.5 m to about 10 m, from about 1.5 m to about 5 m or from about 5 m to about 10 m). The shortest distance from (i) the display fabric and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON can have any value between the aforementioned values (eg, from about 5' to about 30', from about 10 ' to about 25' or from about 15' to about 20'). For example, the shortest distance from (i) the driver board and/or display structure to (ii) the power supply and/or T-CON may be at least about 5', 10', 15', 20', 25', 25' , 30', 50', 100', 200' or 300' (ft). The shortest distance from (i) the display fabric and/or booster board to (ii) the power supply and/or the timing controller can have any value between the aforementioned values (eg, from about 5' to about 300', from about 10 ' to about 25', from about 15' to about 20', from about 20' to about 50', from about 50' to about 200', or from about 100' to about 300').

In some embodiments, the home controller may control the viewing (eg, tintable) window (eg, as part of the IGU) and/or display configuration. The local controller may be part of the control network. The control network may be a hierarchical control network (eg, as disclosed herein). The hierarchy of controllers in the control network can be static or dynamic. The local controller may be positioned adjacent to the display structure and/or the IGU. The local controller can be placed in the window frame, wall, floor or ceiling. In some embodiments, a local controller controls viewing (eg, tintable) windows and display structures (eg, media displayed by the display structures). In some embodiments, separate controllers control the viewing (eg, tintable) window and the display construct (eg, the media displayed by the display construct). Communication between the local controller and other components of the network interface may be wired and/or wireless. Wired communications may include coaxial cable, twisted pair, NM cable, underground feeder (UF) cable, thermoplastic high heat resistant nylon (THHN) wire, thermoplastic heat and water resistant nylon (THWN) wire, standard telephone wire, or Category 3 (Cat 3) cable and/or Category 5 (Cat 5) cable. A control system (eg, a local controller) may be communicatively coupled to the display fabric (eg, via a timing controller (T-CON)) by wired and/or wireless communication. For example, the display construct may be connected to the local controller via one or more wires and/or wirelessly. For example, the T-CON can be connected to the local controller via one or more wires. The shortest distance from (i) the display configuration and/or T-CON to (ii) the local controller may be at least about 0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m , 4 m, 4.5 m, 5 m, 5.5 m, 6 m, 6.5 m, 7 m, 8 m, 10 meters (m). The shortest distance from (i) the display configuration and/or T-CON to (ii) the local controller can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 0.25 m to about 10 m, from about 0.25 m to about 5 m, from about 5 m to about 7 m or from about 7 m to about 10 m). The distance may correspond to the smallest measure of wire length (eg, when the display construct is communicatively coupled to the local controller at least in part via wiring). The shortest distances between (I) the display fabric and the local controller and (II) the local controller and the power source may be (eg, substantially) equal. The shortest distances between (I) the display fabric and the local controller and (II) the local controller and the power source may be (eg, substantially) unequal. The shortest distances between (I) the timing controller and the local controller and (II) the local controller and the power supply may be (eg, substantially) equal. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be smaller than (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power source. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be longer than (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power source. The shortest distances between (I) the timing controller and the local controller and (II) the local controller and the power supply may be (eg, substantially) unequal. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be smaller than (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power source. For example, (I) the shortest distance between the timing controller and the local controller may be greater than (II) the shortest distance between the local controller and the power source.

7 shows an example of a vertical cross-section of a portion of a display configuration coupled to circuitry and fasteners, including: L-shaped bracket 701 depicted in cross-section, circuitry 702 (eg, a booster plate), (multiple cable 703, foam spacer 704, screws 705, tape 706, first glass pane 707, adhesive (eg, OCA) 708, display matrix 709, second glass pane 710, cover 714, bumper 712 , adhesive 713 and viewing window 711 (partial view shown). The display construction may include a flexible bumper (eg, polymer or resin) that separates the display construction from the window (eg, 711). The bumper can prevent glass-to-glass contact between the display construction and the window (eg, a tintable window), which can result in damage to the display construction and/or the window (eg, prevent cracking and/or breakage). The bumper can increase the safe operation of the display structure such as pivoting about the hinge axis. In one embodiment in cross section, the L-shaped bracket is defined by one or more right angles, although the angle may not be 90 degrees. In the depicted embodiment, the L-shaped bracket is attached to the cover glass via an adhesive element (eg, 707). In an embodiment, the adhesive element is an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises VHB type tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive element is a liquid or gel adhesive that bonds the L-shaped bracket to the cover glass. The protective glass cover (eg, 707) can be plastic, glass, or another transparent material. In one example, the thickness of the cover glass may be about 4 mm, although it may be thicker or thinner than 4 mm. The cover glass may be part of a display construction (eg, a transparent display) and/or elements of the display construction (eg, a transparent display) may be laminated to the cover glass. In the example shown in FIG. 7, the second cover glass 710 is laminated to the transparent display element 709, which is the transparent display element 709 sandwiched between the cover glass 707 and the second cover glass 710 (eg , T-OLED). The resulting laminate can be adjacent to the viewing window (eg, 711) or parallel to but spaced from the viewing window. The laminate structure including the first glass pane 707, the display matrix 709, and the second glass pane 710 (eg, a second cover glass) may be considered a transparent display assembly (also referred to herein as a "display construction") ).

In one embodiment, the adhesive element has sufficient strength to support the weight of the transparent display assembly. As depicted, one face of the L-shaped bracket (eg, 701 ) serves as the surface of the adhesive element and at least this much surface area is attached to the transparent display assembly via a cover glass (eg, 707 ).

As depicted in the example shown in FIG. 7 , cover 714 is attached to L-shaped bracket 701 . In this example, the L-shaped bracket 701 includes overhangs on the vertical legs. Together with the cover 714, a cavity is formed in which the circuitry 702 for the display matrix is housed. The circuitry 702 may be in the form of a circuit board (eg, a driver and/or a booster board). In one embodiment, the cover seals the electronics from the environment via one or more gaskets. In one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket 701 is configured to provide movement and/or physical connectivity between the window frame and the display construction (eg, see FIG. 1A ). In one embodiment, the circuitry 702 is coupled to the display matrix via one or more conductors, such as ribbon cables, flex circuits, and/or other wired connections 175. In some embodiments, wired connection 175 (see FIG. 2B ) may be a micro coaxial cable (eg, see 802 , FIG. 8 ). In an embodiment, the wired connection 802 may terminate at an L-shaped bracket with a multi-pin connector (see Figure 8, 803).

In some embodiments, the display structure includes a touch screen. The display structure may include one or more optical sensors at its edges to facilitate the functionality of the touch screen by the user(s). The touchscreen can receive contact (eg, touch) input from the user(s) and deliver output responses. Responses can be functional, and responses can include changes in sight, data, or sound. Touchscreens can take advantage of the display matrix. The display structure may be operably coupled to an information processing system (eg, including one or more processors and/or a network interface). User(s) can use the information processing system via simple (eg, single) or multi-touch gestures by touching a display configuration pane facing the user(s). Touching may use a dedicated device (eg, a stylus or electronic pen) or one or any part of its body (eg, more fingers). A dedicated device may be adapted to display the configuration. The touch screen can be a resistive touch screen, a surface acoustic wave touch screen (eg, using ultrasound), a capacitive touch screen, an infrared grid touch screen (eg, using a photodetector), an optical imaging (eg, using a photodetector) , using a CMOS sensor), infrared acrylic projection (eg, including infrared LEDs), dispersive signal touchscreens, or sonic pulse recognition touchscreens. Enhanced display structure as required by touch screen technology. For example, when sensors (eg, CMOS) and/or projectors (eg, LEDs) are required for a touchscreen, such devices are placed inside a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display structure, for example, by placing them inside a frame. Added to display construction.

In some embodiments, the display structure can function as a touch screen. The frame may include one or more sensors disposed on or in the frame. The frame may include circuitry, one or more connectors (eg, to power and/or networking), and any optical components (eg, reflectors, mirrors, prisms, beam splitters, and/or lenses). The sensor can be configured to detect the user's finger, stylus, marker, smart pen, and/or other marker and/or pointing device in the area defined by the frame shape (eg, the surface of the transparent display assembly) the presence and location within the spanned area). Sensors may be positioned along and/or within the length of one or more frame portions (eg, within a channel defined by one or more frame portions). One or more frame portions may include sensors, circuits, and/or connections. The one or more frame portions may include at least 1, 2, 3, or 4 frame portions (eg, 1012, 1019, and 1020). The frame portion may be a border. The frame portion may contain grooves. The frame portion can be configured to hold the display construction. The width of the frame portion recesses can be configured to accommodate the width of the display structure. In some embodiments, all edges (eg, sides) of the display structure may include the touch screen frame. The circuit can process the signal from the sensor and output a signal representing the position of the marker or indicating device within the area defined by the frame. The frame may include connections to other circuits, including circuits disposed on or coupled to the transparent display assembly (eg, circuits on an L-shaped bracket). Circuits may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: processors, memory, displays, analog and/or digital circuits.

The frame may provide a transparent display assembly with interactive display functionality (eg, whiteboard functionality). The fixed or moving position of the user's finger or pointing device relative to the transparent display can be sensed by sensors in the frame within the area defined by the frame, and a signal representing the position can be generated by the circuit of the frame. The signal representing the position within the area defined by the frame may comprise a signal compatible with the display technology of the display. In some embodiments, signals representing locations within the area defined by the frame include, but are not limited to, Universal Serial Bus (USB) and/or High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) signals. Signals representing the fixed or moving position of the user's finger or pointing device within the area of the frame may be processed by software and/or circuitry associated with the frame and/or the transparent frame assembly. The processed signal may be displayed on a transparent display assembly, eg, in a representation of a fixed or moving position (eg, such as writing, printing, shapes). The software associated with the frame and/or the transparent display may be configured to provide other functionality including, but not limited to (i) display on another display or device of the sensed position of the user's finger or other pointing device, (ii) more than one user interaction with the transparent display and frame, (iii) export of displayed content, (iv) import of displayed content, (v) erasure of displayed content, and/or (vi) ) display color selection. In one embodiment, the frame may include one or more commercially available touch screens (eg, from FlatFrog Corporation, USA, 333 West San Carlos Street, San Jose, CA 95110).

Figure 10 shows the display construction 1010, the assembly including the fasteners of the vanes 1021, the main hinges 1018 and 1015 that allow the rotation of the display construction about its axis, a portion of the facilitation circuitry 1016 (eg, the booster plate and/or the driver plate) Example of an exposed secondary hinge (including portion 1017). Blades 1021 have openings that facilitate access to circuitry 1016 through the openings covered by hinge blades 1017 . The display structure 1010 is framed by a touch screen sensor array 1013 and protective covers 1012 and 1019 covering the sensor array with a protective frame. Display construction 1050 shows touch screen sensor array 1052 covered and assembled using display construction 1050 , and assembled fasteners 1056 . In some instances, auxiliary hinges (eg, 1017) are absent (eg, as in instance 3504). In some embodiments, the fasteners (including the primary hinges) have openings through which at least a portion of the circuitry (eg, PCB) can be viewed and/or accessed. For example, at least some of the connectors in the circuitry can be viewed and/or accessed through openings. For example, at least some of the connectors between the circuitry and the display configuration can be viewed and/or accessed through openings (see, eg, FIG. 35 , allowing viewing of attachments to circuitry 3530 (eg, including a booster board and/or or the opening 3504) of the connector 3509 of the driver board).

In one embodiment, the fastener includes one or more portions configured to provide physical connectivity of the transparent display to the window (eg, hinge). In one embodiment, one or more portions of the fastener are configured to provide movement between the transparent display and the window pane (eg, using a hinge of the fastener).

Referring to FIG. 4 , in one embodiment, the L-shaped bracket includes one or more hinges, such as hinge 400 . In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes or slots. In one embodiment, the axis of elongation of at least one of the plurality of holes is orthogonal to the axis of elongation of at least one other of the plurality of holes. This method allows the installation of the transparent display assembly to the window frame. For example, one or more hinges (eg, 400) are mounted to the window frame through holes that provide the distance that the transparent display assembly will be from the window (eg, 711). Prior to installation, an L-shaped bracket (eg, 701 ) pre-mounted to the transparent display assembly can be attached to the other leg of one or more hinges (eg, 400 ) via orthogonal to the other of the hinges The other holes of the holes on the legs center the L-shaped bracket/transparent display element within the viewable area of the window between the frame elements.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, one or more hinges have a joint 750 connecting the first hinge blade 752 and the second hinge blade 753 shown in the closed position 791 . The open position is shown at 720, where a dotted arrow 790 indicates the relative movement of the first hinge blade, which may be referred to herein as the "first leg," and the second hinge blade, which may be referred to herein as the "first leg", and the second hinge blade herein Can be called the "second leg". The first leg may be coupled to or include the bracket. Fasteners including hinge blades 752 and 753 are coupled to display formation 754 (partial view shown) and window 751 (partial view shown). The second leg may be coupled to the window frame 755 . In one embodiment, one or more hinges are configured to enable movement of the transparent display assembly away from or toward the viewing window. In one embodiment, the movement is a rotation, ie a pivot, about a longitudinal axis. In one embodiment, during movement of the transparent display relative to the viewing window, the transparent display assembly is relative to circuitry 757 (eg, a booster board and/or a driver board), such as conductors 758 of a ribbon cable and/or with There is no movement of other wiring elements that couple the transparent display to the circuitry. FIG. 7 shows an example of a display configuration 784 (partial view shown) coupled to the first hinge blade 782 . Hinge blade 782 is joined by joint 780 to a second hinge blade 783 coupled to a cover 785 which is coupled to the sash of window 781 (partial view shown).

This configuration provides longer life for the electrical connection between the display and the controller (eg, T-CON) because the connection is not subject to movement associated with movement of the transparent display and fastener (eg, bracket) assembly and the effect of friction.

Referring to Figure 8, in one embodiment, seals are provided along at least 3 edges of the transparent display assembly, such as along the edges of a laminate assembly as described herein. In an embodiment, the seal is in the form of a silicone or other clear plastic, resin or other polymer cap (or bumper) that fits over the edge of the laminated clear assembly to seal the unit. The seal may provide a buffer function between the second cover glass (eg, Figure 7, 710) and the window (eg, Figure 7, 711). 8 shows an example of a perspective view of the display configuration 850 and a seal applied along three sides of the display configuration 850 according to arrows 811 , 812 and 813 , such as by using an applicator (eg, injection gun) 810 . Display construction 850 is coupled to fasteners 530, and wires 802 connect the display matrix in the display construction to the fasteners, wherein the circuitry is housed in the fasteners (presently shown). Display construction 850 is also shown in the example of FIG. 8 as including a thicker support structure (eg, glass pane) 804, a thinner support structure (eg, glass pane) 805, adhesive layers 806 and 808, display matrix 807, and sealing Vertical cross-section 830 of a portion of the shown configuration of member 809. The seal may protrude from the supporting structure (eg, glass pane) and/or act as a bumper. The protrusions of the seal can be random or directional. For example, the protrusion may be towards a side of the display structure (eg, it is intended to touch the window). The protrusion of the seal may be (eg, substantially) uniform or non-uniform (eg, toward one side of the display structure).

9 shows an example of a cover 903 (shown in cross-section) that can be used to hide the L-shaped bracket 904 from view. The cover 903 can be removably attached to the window frame 905 . Power and communication can be delivered to the transparent display assembly via wires 906 housed within the window frame 905 in this example. The L-shaped bracket may allow maintenance or replacement of the transparent display, and/or maintenance or replacement of any circuitry (eg, housed in fasteners of which the bracket is a part). FIG. 9 shows an example of a transparent display assembly having a display configuration including a (eg, glass) pane 907 , a display matrix 908 , and a (eg, glass) pane 902 coupled to or including a frame 905 . The frame may include portions coupled to each other or configured to be coupled to each other. The frame may contain at least three (3) parts. The frame may include a shape that matches (eg, approximates) the shape of at least a portion of the perimeter of the display construction (eg, the transparent display assembly). The frame may be coupled or attached to the side (or edge) of a display construction (eg, a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions are coupled to each other to form the frame shape, eg, after the frame portions have been coupled to the display construction (eg, a transparent display assembly). In one embodiment, the frame portions may be coupled to each other to form a frame shape, eg, before the frame portions are coupled to a display construction (eg, a transparent display assembly). A display construction (eg, a transparent display assembly) can be positioned within an area defined by the shape of the frame. The frame portion may include channels (eg, U-shaped channels) configured to receive and/or retain the sides of the transparent display assembly therein.

9 shows an example of a sash (eg, mullion) portion 951 attached to fasteners 953 including hinges/locks 952. Fastener 953 is coupled to display construction 954 (partial view shown) and integrated glass unit 961 (IGU) (partial view shown) comprising: first pane 955 , enclosed environment 957 , second pane 956 And electrochromic structure 958 disposed on pane 956. The enclosed environment in the IGU can be an insulating, (eg, hermetically) sealed and/or inert environment. 9 shows a power supply unit and/or controller (eg, a timing controller), collectively designated numeral 959, disposed in frame portion 951; or an instance of communication path 960. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel through the sash to the IGU. Electrical wiring and/or communication paths may travel through the controller and/or power supply assembly to the IGU. The pane may be of a transparent hard material (eg, glass or a polymer such as plastic). Transparent may be sensitive to the average human viewer, at least in wavelength.

The present invention should not be limited by the above-disclosed embodiments, aspects, and advantages, as other embodiments, aspects, and advantages are within the scope of the present invention, including one or more of the following. In one embodiment, the present invention includes a structure (eg, a fastener), wherein the structure (eg, a fastener) includes a first portion and a second portion that are configured to move relative to each other. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more brackets. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electrical connectors. In one embodiment, the electrical connector comprises a micro coaxial cable. In one embodiment, the electrical connector includes one or more ribbon cables. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to mount to a display configuration (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the transparent display is a T.OLED display. In one embodiment, the display construction (eg, including a transparent display) includes one or more of optically clear glass, hardened polymer (eg, plastic), or hardened resin. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more electronic circuits configured to communicate with a display matrix (eg, a transparent display matrix). In one embodiment, the structure is configured to mount to the frame. In one embodiment, the frame includes a window frame. In one embodiment, the structure is configured to mount to the FLS (eg, length) of the transparent display. In one embodiment, the structure includes a length, wherein the length is from about 0.1 feet to about 10 feet. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener includes at least one bracket and the second portion of the fastener includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the structure includes a display matrix and an adhesive element, wherein the display matrix is mounted to the first part and/or the second part, eg, via an adhesive element. In one embodiment, the adhesive element comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the adhesive tape comprises VHB tape. In one embodiment, the first portion of the fastener and/or the second portion of the fastener are configured to mount to a viewing window (eg, a tintable window). In one embodiment, a first portion of the fastener is configured to mount to a display configuration and a second portion is configured to mount to a window (wherein the second portion includes a hinge). In one embodiment, the hinge includes a plurality of elongated holes, wherein the axis of elongation of at least one of the plurality of holes is orthogonal to the axis of elongation of at least one other of the plurality of holes.

In one embodiment, the present invention includes a frame. The frame may include a transparent display and fasteners (including brackets) that are configured to provide movement and physical connectivity between the frame and the display construction (eg, including the transparent display). In one embodiment, the frame includes a window frame. In one embodiment, the bracket includes an L-shaped bracket, wherein the L-shaped bracket is coupled to the frame and the display structure (eg, including a transparent display). In one embodiment, the bracket is coupled to the transparent display via an adhesive structure. In one embodiment, the adhesive structure comprises an adhesive tape. In one embodiment, the bracket includes one or more hinges. In one embodiment, the hinge is configured to provide movement of a display structure (eg, including a transparent display) relative to a fixture (eg, a window frame). In one embodiment, the movement comprises rotational movement. In one embodiment, the movement is about a horizontal axis. In one embodiment, the movement is about a vertical axis. In one embodiment, the frame contains windows (eg, panes). In one embodiment, the carriage is configured to move a face of the transparent display close to or against a face of the window. In one embodiment, the frame defines an interior area (eg, which is the surface of a window in the frame), wherein the transparent display includes a height and width that define an area that fits within the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of the display structure (eg, including the transparent display) fits (eg, substantially) within all of the interior area. In one embodiment, the area of the transparent display fits within one half or less of the inner area. In one embodiment, the structure includes one or more conductors, ribbon cables, and/or connectors, and the one or more conductors, ribbon cables, and/or connectors provide electrical connectivity between the controls and the transparent display .

In some embodiments, an assembly is formed with the display structure and fasteners. The structure is shown to be adhered to at least one component of the fastener, such as a bracket. Figure 11 shows an example of the stages of constructing an assembly showing structures and fasteners. At 1110, construction 1112 is shown having an area 1112 designated for adhesive application. In 1120, according to the arrow, eg, 1121, the adhesive is applied to the designated areas of the adhesive. At 1130, fasteners 1131 (eg, L-shaped brackets) are placed on the adhesive designated areas on which the applied adhesive is placed. Items 1121, 1131 and 1112 show parts of the display construction. The fasteners and display structures can be placed in the same plane or in different planes. At least a portion of the fasteners may be disposed in the same plane or in a different plane relative to the display configuration. The display configuration may be coupled to the fastener at an angle (eg, as shown in FIG. 12, 1210). The structure and fasteners are shown to form a plane (eg, as shown in 1220). 12 shows an example of a display configuration 1211 forming an angle with fastener 1218 and a display configuration 1221 forming a flat plane with fastener 1228. The display configuration may include irradiating entities (eg, LEDs) that irradiate more in one direction than the other (eg, irradiate more in the forward direction than in the rearward direction). The image displayed by the display matrix is more clearly visible from one side of the display matrix than from the opposite side. The display configuration may include two display matrices (eg, LED matrices) of irradiating entities placed back-to-back. At least one (eg, each) of the two display matrices can be positioned with its more irradiated side facing away from the back (and toward the viewer), and its less irradiated side toward the back (and away from viewing). By). The back-to-back configuration of the display matrix in the display configuration facilitates viewing of clear images from both sides of the display configuration. Display configurations with back-to-back display matrices may utilize flat fasteners (eg, 1228). In some embodiments, two display constructions may be positioned adjacent to each other in a back-to-back configuration, eg, such that at least one (eg, each) of the display constructions may have its more illuminated side away from the rear (and toward the viewer) , and make it irradiate less laterally to the rear (and away from the viewer). The two back-to-back display constructions may utilize flat fasteners (eg, 1228) to fasten the two display constructions to the structure (eg, fasteners).

In some embodiments, the window is disposed in the enclosure. In some embodiments, the enclosure includes an area bounded by at least one structure. At least one structure may include at least one wall. An enclosure may contain and/or enclose one or more sub-enclosures. At least one wall may comprise metal (eg, steel), clay, stone, plastic, glass, stucco (eg, gypsum), polymer (eg, polyurethane, styrene, or vinyl), asbestos, fibers Glass, concrete (eg reinforced concrete), wood, paper or ceramic. At least one wall may contain wires, bricks, blocks (eg, cinder blocks), tiles, drywall, or framing (eg, steel frames).

In some embodiments, the closure includes one or more openings. The one or more openings may be reversibly closed. One or more openings may be permanently open. The basic length dimension of the opening or openings may be small relative to the basic length dimension of the wall(s) defining the closure. The basic length dimension may include the diameter, length, width or height of the bounding circle. The surface of the opening or openings may be relatively small relative to the surface of the wall(s) defining the closure. The open surface may be a percentage of the total surface of the wall(s). For example, the open surface may occupy up to about 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, or 1% of the wall(s). The wall(s) may comprise floors, ceilings or side walls. The closable opening can be closed by at least one window or door. The enclosure may be at least a portion of the facility. Facilities may contain buildings. The enclosure may contain at least a portion of the building. The buildings can be private buildings and/or commercial buildings. A building can contain one or more floors. A building (eg, its floors) may include at least one of the following: rooms, halls, foyers, attics, basements, balconies (eg, interior or exterior balconies), stairwells, hallways, elevator shafts, facades, mezzanine levels , attic, garage, porch (eg, enclosed porch), patio (eg, enclosed patio), cafeteria, and/or plumbing. In some embodiments, the enclosure may be stationary and/or movable (eg, a train, plane, ship, vehicle, or rocket).

In some embodiments, the enclosure encloses the atmosphere. The atmosphere may contain one or more gases. Gases may include inert gases (eg, including argon or nitrogen) and/or non-inert gases (eg, including oxygen or carbon dioxide). The enclosure atmosphere can be similar to the atmosphere outside the enclosure (eg, ambient atmosphere) in at least one external atmospheric characteristic including: temperature, relative gas content, gas type (eg, humidity and/or oxygen content) ), debris (eg, dust and/or pollen), and/or gas velocity. The enclosure atmosphere may differ from the atmosphere outside the enclosure in at least one external atmospheric characteristic including: temperature, relative gas content, gas type (eg, humidity and/or oxygen content), debris (eg, , dust and/or pollen) and/or gas velocity. For example, the enclosure atmosphere may be less humid (eg, drier) than the outside (eg, ambient) atmosphere. For example, the enclosure atmosphere and the atmosphere outside the enclosure may contain the same (eg, or substantially similar) ratio of oxygen to nitrogen. The velocity of the gas in the enclosure may be (eg, substantially) similar throughout the enclosure. The velocity of the gas in the enclosure can be different in different parts of the enclosure (eg, by flowing the gas through to a vent coupled to the enclosure).

Certain disclosed embodiments provide network infrastructure in an enclosure (eg, a facility such as a building). The network infrastructure may be used for various purposes, such as for providing communication and/or power services. Communication services may include high bandwidth (eg, wireless and/or wireline) communication services. Communication services may be directed to occupants of the facility and/or users outside the facility (eg, a building). The network infrastructure may work in conjunction with or be replaced as part of the infrastructure of one or more cellular operators. The network infrastructure may be provided in a facility that includes electrically switchable windows. Examples of components of network infrastructure include high-speed backhaul. The network infrastructure may include at least one cable, switches, physical antennas, transceivers, sensors, transmitters, receivers, radios, processors and/or controllers (which may include processors). The network infrastructure may be operably coupled to and/or include a wireless network. Network infrastructure can include cabling. As part of and/or after installing the network, one or more sensors can be deployed (eg, installed) in the environment. The network infrastructure can be configured to facilitate at least third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or fifth generation (5G) cellular communications. A network may be configured to facilitate media delivery (eg, presentation, still image, or video (eg, movie and/or advertisement) delivery). The network can be configured for simultaneous data and power communication (eg, on the same cable such as coaxial cable). The network may be a local area network. A network may include cables configured to transmit power and communication in a single cable. The communication may be one or more types of communication. The communication may include cellular communication that complies with at least second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) or fifth generation (5G) cellular communication protocols. Communications may include media communications that facilitate streaming of still images, music, or animation (eg, movies or video). Communication may include data communication (eg, sensor data). Communication may include control communication, eg, to control one or more nodes operatively coupled to a network. The network may include the first (eg, cabling) network installed in the facility. A network may include (eg, cabling) a network installed in the envelope of the facility (eg, such as in the envelope of the enclosure of the facility. For example, included in the envelope of the buildings in the facility).

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a network configured for transmitting any communication (eg, signals) and/or (eg, electrical) power that facilitates any of the operations disclosed herein . Communications may include control communications, cellular communications, media communications, and/or data communications. Data communications may include sensor data communications and/or processed data communications. The network can be configured to adhere to one or more protocols that facilitate this communication. For example, a communication protocol used by a network (eg, with a BMS) may include the Building Automation and Control Network Protocol (BACnet). The network can be configured for (eg, including hardware that facilitates) communication protocols including: BACnet (eg, BACnet/SC), LonWorks, Modbus, KNX, European Home Systems Protocol; EHS), BatiBUS, European Installation Bus (EIB or Instabus), Zigbee, Z-Wave, Insteon, X10, Bluetooth or WiFi. The network can be configured to transmit control related protocols. The communication protocol may facilitate cellular communications that comply with at least a 2nd, 3rd, 4th, or 5th generation cellular communication protocol. A network (eg, cabling) can include tree, linear, or star topologies. The network may include interworking and/or decentralized application models for various tasks of building automation. The control system may provide solutions for configuring and/or managing resources on the network. The network may allow parts of the decentralized application to be glued together in different nodes operatively coupled to the network. A network can provide a communication system with a message protocol and a model for communication stacking in each node capable of hosting distributed applications (eg, with a common kernel). The control system may include Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)(s).

In some embodiments, the enclosure includes one or more sensors. Sensors can facilitate controlling the environment of the enclosure so that the occupants of the enclosure can be more comfortable, desirable, beautiful, healthy, productive (eg, in terms of resident performance), easier to live (eg, work), or any combined environment. The sensor(s) can be configured as low or high resolution sensors. A sensor can provide an on/off indication of the occurrence and/or presence of a particular environmental event (eg, a pixel sensor).

In various embodiments, the network infrastructure supports a control system for one or more viewing windows such as electrochromic (eg, tintable) windows. The control system may include one or more controllers operably coupled (eg, directly or indirectly) to the one or more windows. In some embodiments, electrochromic windows are examples of optically switchable windows, tintable windows, and/or smart windows. The concepts disclosed herein may be applicable to other types of switchable optical devices including, for example, liquid crystal devices or suspended particle devices. For example, liquid crystal devices and/or suspended particle devices may be implemented as an alternative or in addition to electrochromic devices.

In some embodiments, a tintable window exhibits a (eg, controllable and/or reversible) change in at least one optical property of the window, eg, upon application of a stimulus. Stimulation may include optical, electrical and/or magnetic stimulation. For example, stimulation can include applying a voltage. One or more tintable windows may be used to control lighting and/or glare conditions, eg, by adjusting the transmission of solar energy propagating therethrough. One or more tintable windows can be used to control the temperature within a building, for example, by regulating the transmission of solar energy propagating therethrough. Control of solar energy can control the thermal load imposed on the interior of a facility (eg, a building). Control can be manual and/or automatic. Controls may be used to maintain one or more requested (eg, environmental) conditions, such as occupant comfort. Controls may include reducing the energy consumption of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and/or lighting systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by separate systems. At least two of heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by a system. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning can be induced by a single system (abbreviated herein as "HVAC"). In some cases, the tintable window may be responsive to (eg, and communicatively coupled to) one or more environmental sensors and/or user controls. Tintable windows may include, for example, may be, electrochromic windows. Windows may be located in a range from the interior to the exterior of a structure (eg, a facility such as a building). However, this need not be the case. Tintable windows may operate using liquid crystal devices, suspended particle devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices (such as micro-shutters), or any technology configured to control the transmittance of light through the window. Windows (eg, with MEMS devices for coloring) are described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14/443,353, filed May 15, 2015, entitled "MULTI-PANE WINDOWS INCLUDING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES AND ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEVICES," which The application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some cases, one or more viewing (eg, tintable) windows may be located inside the building, such as between a conference room and a hallway. In some cases, one or more viewing (eg, tintable) windows may be used in automobiles, trains, airplanes, and other vehicles, eg, in place of passive and/or non-tinted windows.

In some embodiments, the tintable window comprises an electrochromic device (referred to herein as an "EC device" (abbreviated herein as ECD) or "EC"). The EC device may comprise at least one coating comprising at least one layer. At least one layer may contain an electrochromic material. In some embodiments, the electrochromic material exhibits a change from one optical state to another, such as when a potential is applied across the EC device. The transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another can be caused, for example, by reversible, semi-reversible or irreversible ion insertion into the electrochromic material (eg, by means of intercalation) and corresponding injection of charge balancing electrons. For example, the transition of an electrochromic layer from one optical state to another can be caused, for example, by reversible ion insertion into the electrochromic material (eg, by means of intercalation) and corresponding injection of charge balancing electrons. Reversible may be for the life expectancy of the ECD. Semi-reversible refers to a measurable (eg, significant) degradation in the reversibility of the window's hue over one or more tinting cycles. In some cases, a portion of the ions responsible for the optical transition is irreversibly incorporated into the electrochromic material (eg, and thus the induced (altered) hue state of the window is irreversible to its original colored state). In various EC devices, at least some (eg, all) of the irreversibly bound ions can be used to compensate for "blind charges" in the material (eg, ECD).

In some implementations, suitable ions include cations. Cations can include lithium ions (Li+) and/or hydrogen ions (H+) (ie, protons). In some implementations, other ions may be suitable. Cations can be intercalated into (eg, metal) oxides. Changes in the intercalation state of ions (eg, cations) into the oxide can induce visible changes in the oxide's hue (eg, color). For example, oxides can transition from a colorless state to a colored state. For example, intercalation of lithium ions into tungsten oxide (WO3-y (0 < y <about 0.3)) can cause tungsten oxide to change from a transparent state to a colored (eg, blue) state. The EC device coating as described herein is located within the viewable portion of the tintable window so that the coloration of the EC device coating can be used to control the optical state of the tintable window.

13 shows an example of a schematic cross-section of an electrochromic construction 1300 in accordance with some embodiments. The EC device coating is attached to the substrate 1302, transparent conductive layer (TCL) 1304, electrochromic layer (EC) 1306 (also sometimes referred to as cathodically colored layer or cathodically colored layer), ionically conductive layer or area (IC) 1308. Counter Electrode Layer (CE) 1310 (also sometimes referred to as anodically colored layer or anodically colored layer), and second TCL 1314. Elements 1304 , 1306 , 1308 , 1310 and 1314 are collectively referred to as electrochromic stack 120 . A voltage source 1316, operable to apply a potential across the electrochromic stack 1320, effectuates the transition of the electrochromic coating from, for example, a clear state to a colored state. In other embodiments, the order of the layers is reversed with respect to the substrate. That is, the layers are in the following order: substrate, TCL, opposing electrode layer, ionically conductive layer, electrochromic material layer, TCL.

In various embodiments, the ion conductor region (eg, 1308) may be formed from a portion of the EC layer (eg, 1306) and/or from a portion of the CE layer (eg, 1310). In such embodiments, the electrochromic stack (eg, 1320) may be deposited to include a cathodically dyed electrochromic material (EC layer) in direct physical contact with an anodically dyed counter electrode material (CE layer). Ionic conductor regions (sometimes referred to as interfacial regions or ionically conductive substantially electronically insulating layers or regions) can be formed where the EC and CE layers meet, eg, via heating and/or other processing steps. Examples of electrochromic devices (eg, including those fabricated without deposition of phase dissimilar ionic conductor materials) can be found in US Patent, filed May 2, 2012, entitled "ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES" In application Ser. No. 13/462,725, this US patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some embodiments, the EC device coating may include one or more additional layers such as one or more passive layers. Passive layers can be used to modify certain optical properties to provide moisture and/or to provide scratch resistance. These and/or other passive layers can be used to hermetically seal the EC stack 120 . Various layers including transparent conductive layers (such as 1304 and 1314) may be treated with anti-reflective and/or protective layers (eg, oxide and/or nitride layers).

In certain embodiments, the electrochromic device is configured to cycle (eg, substantially) reversibly between a clear state and a colored state. Reversible can be within the expected lifetime of the ECD. The life expectancy can be at least about 2 y, 5 y, 10 y, 15 y, 25 y, 50 y, 75 y, or 100(y) years. The expected lifetime can be any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 5 y to about 100 y, from about 2 y to about 25 y, from about 25 y to about 50 y, or from about 50 y to about 100 y) . A potential can be applied to the electrochromic stack (eg, 1320 ) such that available ions in the stack that can cause the electrochromic material (eg, 1306 ) to be in a colored state have the window in a first hue state (eg, clear) It resides primarily in the opposite electrode (eg, 1310). When the potential applied to the electrochromic stack is reversed, ions can be transported across the ion conducting layer (eg, 1308) to the electrochromic material and cause the material to enter a second hue state (eg, a colored state).

It should be understood that the reference to the transition between the clear state and the colored state is non-limiting and suggests only one example of many examples of electrochromic transitions that may be implemented. Unless otherwise specified, herein, whenever a clear to colored transition is referenced, the corresponding device or procedure encompasses other optical state transitions, such as non-reflective to reflective and/or transparent to opaque transitions. In some embodiments, the terms "clear" and "bleached" refer to an optically neutral state, such as unpigmented, transparent, and/or translucent. In some embodiments, the "color" or "hue" of an electrochromic transition is not limited to any wavelength or range of wavelengths. Selection of suitable electrochromic materials and opposing electrode materials can control the relative optical transition (eg, from a colored state to an uncolored state).

In certain embodiments, at least a portion (eg, all) of the materials that make up the electrochromic stack are inorganic, solid (eg, in a solid state), or both inorganic and solid. Because various organic materials tend to degrade over time, especially when tinted building windows are exposed to heat and UV light, inorganic materials offer the advantage of reliable electrochromic stacks that can function for extended periods of time. In some embodiments, materials in a solid state may provide the advantage of minimal contamination and minimize leakage problems, as materials in a liquid state do sometimes. One or more of the layers in the stack may contain an amount of organic material (eg, measurable). The ECD or any portion thereof (eg, one or more of the layers) may contain little or no measurable organic matter. The ECD or any portion thereof (eg, one or more of the layers) may contain one or more liquids, which may be present in very small amounts. Few can be at most about 100 ppm, 10 ppm or 1 ppm of ECD. Solid state materials may be deposited (or otherwise formed) using one or more procedures employing liquid components, such as certain procedures employing sol-gel, physical vapor deposition, and/or chemical vapor deposition.

14 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of a tintable window embodied in an insulating glass unit (“IGU”) 1400, according to some implementations. When an IGU is provided for installation in a building, it may be desirable for the IGU to serve as the basic construct for holding the electrochromic pane (also referred to herein as a "window" and in the form of a single "window" ). IGU windows can be of single-substrate or multi-substrate construction. The window may comprise, for example, a laminate of two substrates. An IGU (eg, having a two-pane or three-pane configuration) can provide several advantages over a single-pane configuration. For example, a multi-pane configuration may provide enhanced thermal isolation, noise isolation, environmental protection, and/or durability when compared to a single-pane configuration. A multi-pane configuration provides enhanced protection for ECDs. For example, an electrochromic film (eg, and associated layers and conductive interconnects) can be formed on the inner surface of a multi-pane IGU and protected by an inert gas fill in the interior volume of the IGU (eg, 1408 ) . The inert gas filling can provide at least some (thermal) insulating function to the IGU. Electrochromic IGUs can have thermal barrier capabilities, for example, by means of colorable coatings that absorb (and/or reflect) heat and light.

In some embodiments, an "IGU" includes two (or more) substantially transparent substrates. For example, an IGU may include two panes of glass. At least one substrate of the IGU can include electrochromic devices disposed thereon. One or more panes of the IGU may have a separator disposed therebetween. The IGU may be of hermetically sealed construction, eg, having an interior region isolated from the surrounding environment. A "window assembly" may include an IGU. A "window assembly" may include (eg, stand alone) laminates. A "window assembly" may include one or more electrical leads, eg, for connecting to an IGU and/or laminate. The electrical leads can operably couple (eg, connect) one or more electrochromic devices to voltage sources, switches, and the like, and can include a frame that supports the IGU or laminate. The window assembly may include a window control, and/or components of the window control (eg, a docking piece).

14 shows an example implementation of an IGU 1400 that includes a first pane 1404 having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2. In some implementations, the first surface S1 of the first pane 1404 faces an external environment, such as an outdoor or external environment. The IGU 200 also includes a second pane 1406 having a first surface S3 and a second surface S4. In some implementations, the second surface (eg, S4 ) of the second pane (eg, 1406 ) faces the interior environment, such as a house, building, vehicle, or its compartment (eg, an enclosure therein, such as a room) internal environment.

In some implementations, the first and second panes (eg, 1404 and 1406) are transparent or translucent, eg, transparent or translucent at least for light in the visible spectrum. For example, each of the panes (eg, 1404 and 1406) may be formed from a glass material. Glass materials may include architectural glass and/or shatterproof glass. The glass may contain silicon oxide (SO _x ). The glass may comprise soda lime glass or float glass. The glass may contain at least about 75% silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ). _The glass may contain oxides such as Na2O or CaO. The glass may contain alkali metal or alkaline earth oxides. The glass may contain one or more additives. The first and/or second panes may comprise any material having suitable optical, electrical, thermal and/or mechanical properties. Other materials (eg, substrates) that may be included in the first and/or second panes are plastic, semi-plastic and/or thermoplastic materials such as poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, polycarbonate, Allyl diethylene glycol carbonate, styrene acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), polyester and/or polyamide. The first and/or second panes may include a specular material (eg, silver). In some implementations, the first and/or second panes can be enhanced. Strengthening may include tempering, heating and/or chemical strengthening.

In some embodiments, the sensor(s) are operably coupled to at least one controller and/or processor. Sensor readings may be obtained by one or more processors and/or controllers. A controller may include a processing unit (eg, a CPU or GPU). The controller can receive input (eg, from at least one sensor). The controller may include circuitry, electrical wiring, optical wiring, sockets, and/or sockets. The controller can deliver output. A controller may contain multiple (eg, sub) controllers. The controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include a main controller, a floor (eg, including a network controller) controller, and a local controller. The local controller may be a window controller (eg, controlling an optically switchable window), an enclosure controller, or a component controller. For example, the controller may be a hierarchical control system (eg, including a master controller that directs one or more controllers, such as floor controllers, local controllers (eg, window controllers), enclosures controller and/or component controller). The physical location of controller types in a hierarchical control system can change. For example: at the first time: the first processor can assume the role of the main controller, the second processor can assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor can assume the role of the local controller. At the second time: the second processor can assume the role of the main controller, the first processor can assume the role of the floor controller, and the third processor can maintain the role of the local controller. At the third time: the third processor can assume the role of the main controller, the second processor can assume the role of the floor controller, and the first processor can assume the role of the local controller. The controller may control one or more devices (eg, directly coupled to the devices). A controller may be positioned proximate to one or more devices it is controlling. For example, the controller may control optically switchable devices (eg, IGUs), antennas, sensors, and/or output devices (eg, light sources, sound sources, odor sources, gas sources, HVAC outlets, or heaters). In one embodiment, a floor controller may direct one or more window controllers, one or more enclosure controllers, one or more component controllers, or any combination thereof. Floor controllers may include floor controllers. For example, a floor (eg, including a network) controller can control a plurality of local (eg, including a window) controller. A plurality of local controllers may be located in a portion of a facility (eg, in a portion of a building). Part of the facility may be the floor of the facility. For example, floor controllers can be assigned to floors. In some embodiments, a floor may include a plurality of floor controllers, eg, depending on the floor size and/or the number of local controllers coupled to the floor controllers. For example, a floor controller can be assigned to a portion of a floor. For example, a floor controller can be assigned to a portion of the local controllers located in the facility. For example, a floor controller can be assigned to a portion of a floor of a facility. The main controller can be coupled to one or more floor controllers. Floor controllers can be placed in the facility. The main controller can be located in the facility or outside the facility. The main controller can be located in the cloud. The controller may be part of or operably coupled to the building management system. The controller can receive one or more inputs. The controller can generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single-input single-output controller (SISO) or a multiple-input multiple-output controller (MIMO). The controller can interpret the received input signal. The controller may obtain data from one or more components (eg, sensors). Acquiring can include receiving or extracting. Data may include measurements, estimates, determinations, generation, or any combination thereof. The controller may contain feedback control. The controller may include feedforward control. Control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional-integral (PI) control, or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. Control may include open loop control or closed loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may contain open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operably coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touch screen, microphone, speech recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. The output may include a display (eg, a screen), speakers, or a printer. FIG. 15 shows an example of a control system architecture 1500 that includes a master controller 1508 that controls a floor controller 1506 , which in turn controls a home controller 1504 . In some embodiments, the local controller controls one or more IGUs, one or more sensors, one or more output devices (eg, one or more transmitters), or any combination thereof. 15 shows an example of a configuration in which a master controller is operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a building management system (BMS) 1524 and database 1520. Arrows in FIG. 15 indicate communication paths. The controller may be operably coupled (eg, directly/indirectly and/or wired and/wirelessly) to the external source 1510 . External sources can include networks. The external source may include one or more sensors or output devices. External sources may include cloud-based applications and/or databases. Communication may be wired and/or wireless. External sources may be located outside the facility. For example, the external source may include one or more sensors and/or antennas disposed on, for example, a wall or ceiling of a facility. Communication can be one-way or two-way. In the example shown in Figure 15, the communication of all communication arrows is intended to be bidirectional. 15 shows an example of a perspective view of an enclosure 1501 (eg, a building).

A controller may monitor and/or direct (eg, physical) changes to the operating conditions of the apparatus, software, and/or methods described herein. Controlling may include regulating, manipulating, limiting, directing, monitoring, adjusting, modulating, altering, altering, restraining, checking, directing or managing. Controlling (eg, by a controller) may include attenuating, modulating, changing, managing, suppressing, discipline, regulating, constraining, supervising, manipulating, and/or directing. Controlling may include controlling control variables (eg, temperature, power, voltage, and/or profile). Control can include instant or offline control. The calculations utilized by the controller can be performed in real-time and/or offline. The controller can be manual or non-manual. The controller may be an automatic controller. The controller can operate on request. The controller may be a programmable controller. The controller can be programmed. A controller may include a processing unit (eg, a CPU or GPU). The controller can receive input (eg, from at least one sensor). The controller can deliver output. A controller may contain multiple (eg, sub) controllers. The controller may be part of a control system. The control system may include master controllers, floor controllers, local controllers (eg, enclosure controllers or window controllers). The controller can receive one or more inputs. The controller can generate one or more outputs. The controller may be a single-input single-output controller (SISO) or a multiple-input multiple-output controller (MIMO). The controller can interpret the received input signal. The controller may obtain data from one or more sensors. Acquiring can include receiving or extracting. Data may include measurements, estimates, determinations, generation, or any combination thereof. The controller may contain feedback control. The controller may include feedforward control. Control may include on-off control, proportional control, proportional-integral (PI) control, or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. Control may include open loop control or closed loop control. The controller may include closed loop control. The controller may contain open loop control. The controller may include a user interface. The user interface may include (or be operably coupled to) a keyboard, keypad, mouse, touch screen, microphone, speech recognition package, camera, imaging system, or any combination thereof. The output may include a display (eg, a screen), speakers, or a printer. The methods, systems and/or apparatus described herein may include a control system. The control system can communicate with any of the devices (eg, sensors) described herein. The sensors may be of the same type or of different types, eg, as described herein. For example, the control system may communicate with the first sensor and/or the second sensor. The control system can control one or more sensors. The control system may control one or more components of the building management system (eg, lighting, security and/or air conditioning systems). The controller can adjust at least one (eg, environmental) characteristic of the enclosure. The control system may use any component of the building management system to regulate the enclosure environment. For example, the control system may regulate the energy supplied by the heating element and/or the cooling element. For example, the control system may regulate the rate of air flowing to and/or from the enclosure through the vent. The control system may include a processor. The processor may be a processing unit. The controller may include a processing unit. The processing unit may be a central processing unit. The processing unit may include a central processing unit (abbreviated herein as "CPU"). The processing unit may be a graphics processing unit (abbreviated herein as "GPU"). The controller(s) or control mechanism (eg, including a computer system) may be programmed to implement one or more of the methods of the present invention. A processor can be programmed to implement the methods of the present invention. A controller may control at least one component forming the systems and/or apparatus disclosed herein.

16 shows a schematic example of a computer system 1600 programmed or otherwise configured to operate one or more of any of the methods provided herein. The computer system may control (eg, direct, monitor, and/or adjust) various features of the methods, apparatus, and systems of the present invention, such as controlling heating, cooling, lighting, and/or ventilation of the enclosure, or any combination thereof. The computer system may be part of or in communication with any set of sensors or devices disclosed herein (eg, including sensors and/or transmitters). A computer may be coupled to one or more of the mechanisms disclosed herein and/or any portion thereof. For example, a computer may be coupled to one or more sensors, valves, switches, lights, windows (eg, IGUs), motors, pumps, optical components, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the circuitry is operably (eg, communicatively) coupled to a network of enclosures (eg, facilities including buildings). The circuitry may include a driver board or a controller. The controller can be any of the controllers disclosed herein (eg, a timing controller of a (eg, hierarchical) control system, a touch screen controller, and/or any controller). The controller may be operably coupled to the set of devices. A set of devices may include sensors or transmitters. For example, a set of devices may include a plurality of sensors, a plurality of transmitters, or any combination thereof. The transmitters may be light transmitters (eg, LEDs) or sound transmitters (eg, buzzers or speakers). A sensor can sense any environmental characteristic of the environment (eg, light, temperature, chemical composition (eg, of the atmosphere), or sound). The chemical composition may contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide or moisture. The control system may be configured to control (eg, via a network) the environment, eg, using a building management system. The control system can be configured to control (eg, via a network) the ventilation, heating, air conditioning, cooling, lighting, security, security, fire, or acoustic systems of the enclosure (eg, facility). The control system can be configured to control (eg, via a network) at least one tintable window, display structure, and/or touch screen. A network may facilitate updating any of the software (eg, non-transitory computer-readable media) associated with the devices to which the network is operably (eg, communicatively) coupled. The network may facilitate updating any of the logic (eg, control logic) associated with the devices to which the network is operably (eg, communicatively) coupled. Logic can be embedded in software. A network may facilitate updating any of the data streams associated with devices to which the network is operatively (eg, communicatively) coupled. Updates can be instant. The network may facilitate response times and/or update times with delays of up to about 2 milliseconds (ms), 3 ms, 4 ms, 5 ms, 7 ms, 10 ms, or 15 ms. Networks facilitate low-latency communications. The display structure, touch screen functionality, and/or tintable windows may (eg, each) have a unique identifying (alphanumeric) code. Display structures, touch screen functionality, and/or tintable windows may (eg, each) be uniquely identified by a network and/or control system. Display structures, touchscreen functionality, and/or tintable windows may (eg, each) be uniquely identified as devices and/or nodes by a network and/or control system.

In some embodiments, devices (eg, display structures, touchscreen functionality, and/or tintable windows) are communicatively coupled to a network. A third-party device and/or data stream (eg, a third-party media provider) may utilize a network authentication protocol, eg, to communicate with a control system and/or another device. A network authentication protocol can open one or more ports for network access. Port(s) may be opened when an organization and/or facility authenticates (eg, via network authentication) the identity of a device attempting to operably couple (and/or physically couple) to a network. Operatively coupled may include communicatively coupled. An organization and/or facility may authorize (eg, use a network) a device's access to the network. Access may or may not be limited. Restrictions can contain one or more security levels. The identity of the device may be determined based on credentials and/or credentials. Credentials and/or certificates may be validated by the network (eg, by a server operably coupled to the network). Authentication protocols may or may not be specific to physical communications (eg, Ethernet communications), eg, in a local area network (LAN) using packets. Standards may be maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Standards may specify operating characteristics of physical media (eg, target devices) and/or networks (eg, Ethernet). The networking standard can support virtual LANs (VLANs) on regional (eg, Ethernet) networks. The standard may support power over a local area network (eg, Ethernet). A network may provide communication via power lines (eg, coaxial cables). The power may be direct current (DC) power. The power may be at least about 12 watts (W), 15 W, 25 W, 30 W, 40 W, 48 W, 50 W, or 100 W. Standards facilitate mesh networking. Standards may facilitate local area network (LAN) technology and/or wide area network (WAN) applications. Standards may facilitate physical connections between target devices and/or infrastructure devices (hubs, switches, routers), eg, by various types of cables (eg, coaxial, twisted pair, copper, and/or fiber optic cables). Examples of network authentication protocols may be 802.1X or KERBEROS. The network authentication protocol may include secret key cryptography. The network may support (eg, communications) protocols including 802.3, 802.3af (PoE), 802.3at (PoE+), 802.1Q, or 802.11s. The network may support communication protocols for building automation and control (BAC) networks (eg, BACnet). A protocol may define service(s) for communication between various devices coupled to a network. The one or more devices include sensors, transmitters, tintable windows, display structures, touch screen functionality, controllers, transceivers, antennas, third party media provider related equipment, personal computers, mobile circuitry ( For example, laptops, cellular phones, trackpads) and/or any other (eg, third party) devices. Agreement services may include device and object discovery (eg, Who-Is, I-Am, Who-Has, and/or I-Have). Agreed services may include read properties and write properties (eg, for data sharing). A network protocol may define the type of object (eg, on which the service acts). Protocols may define one or more data links and/or physical layers (eg, ARCNET, Ethernet, BACnet/IP, BACnet/IPv6, BACnet/MSTP, peer-to-peer via RS-232, master-slave via RS-485 / token pass, ZigBee and/or LonTalk). A protocol may be specific to a device (eg, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and/or machine-to-machine (M2M) communications). The agreement may be a subpoena agreement. The contract may be a publish-subscribe type contract. Protocols can be configured for messaging. The protocol can be configured for the remote device. The protocol can be configured for devices with a smaller code footprint and/or minimal network bandwidth. The smaller code footprint can be configured to be handled by the microcontroller. An agreement may have a plurality of quality of service levels, including (i) at most once, (ii) at least once, and/or (iii) exactly once. A plurality of quality of service levels can improve the reliability of message delivery (eg, to its destination) in the network. The protocol may facilitate (i) device-to-cloud and/or (ii) cloud-to-device communication. The messaging protocol is configured for broadcasting messages to groups of devices (eg, as described herein), such as sensors and/or transmitters. The agreement may conform to the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). The protocol may support security schemes such as authentication (eg, using tokens). The protocol may support access delegation standards (eg, OAuth). The protocol may support granting a first application (and/or website) access to information on a second application (and/or website) without providing the second application with security code associated with the first application (such as , token and/or password). Protocols may include Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Advanced Message Queueing Protocol (AMQP) protocols. The agreement may be configured for a message rate of at least one (1) message/sec (eg, per publisher) or more messages/sec (eg, per publisher). The protocol can be configured to facilitate message payload sizes of up to about 64, 86, 96, or 128 bytes. A protocol can be configured to communicate (eg, from a microcontroller to a server) with a library that operates a protocol compliant (eg, MQTT) and/or any device that connects to a compliant broker (eg, MQTT broker) over a network. Each device (eg, target device, sensor, or transmitter) may be a publisher and/or a user. At least one agent can handle millions of concurrently connected devices, or less than millions of concurrently connected devices. The agent can handle at least about 100, 10,000, 100,000, 1,000,000, or 1,000,000 devices connected in parallel. In some embodiments, the proxy is responsible for receiving at least a portion (eg, all) of the messages, filtering the messages, determining who is interested in each message, and/or sending messages to such subscribed devices (eg, the proxy client). The protocol may require Internet connectivity to the network. Protocols may facilitate bidirectional and/or synchronous peer-to-peer messaging. The protocol may be a binary wire protocol. An example of this network protocol, control system and network can be found in US Provisional Patent Application No. 63/000,342, filed March 26, 2020, entitled "MESSAGING IN A MULTI CLIENT NETWORK" The case is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

A computer system may include a processing unit (eg, 1606) ("processor," "computer," and "computer processor" are also used herein). A computer system may include memory or memory locations (eg, 1602) (eg, random access memory, ROM, flash memory), electronic storage units (eg, 1604) (eg, hard disks), Communication interfaces (eg, 1603) for communicating with one or more other systems (eg, network adapters), and peripheral devices (eg, 1605), such as cache memory, other memory, data storage and/or electronic display adapter. In the example shown in Figure 16, memory 1602, storage unit 1604, interface 1603, and peripherals 1605 communicate with processing unit 1606 via a communication bus (solid line), such as a motherboard. The storage unit may be a data storage unit (or data repository) for storing data. The computer system may be operably coupled to a computer network ("network") (eg, 1601) by means of a communication interface. A network can be the Internet, an Internet and/or an inter-enterprise network, or a corporate intranet and/or an inter-enterprise network that communicates with the Internet. In some cases, the network is a telecommunications and/or data network. A network may include one or more computer servers that may enable decentralized computing, such as cloud computing. In some cases, a network may implement a peer-to-peer network with the aid of a computer system, which may enable devices coupled to the computer system to act as clients or servers.

The processing unit can execute a sequence of machine-readable instructions that can be embodied in a program or software. These instructions may be stored in a memory location such as memory 1602. These instructions can be directed to a processing unit, which can then program or otherwise configure the processing unit to implement the methods of the present invention. Examples of operations performed by a processing unit may include fetching, decoding, executing, and writing back. The processing unit may interpret and/or execute the instructions. Processors may include microprocessors, data processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), system-on-chips (SOCs), co-processors, network processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , Application Specific Instruction Set Processor (ASIP), controller, Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Chipset, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or any combination thereof. The processing unit may be part of a circuit such as an integrated circuit. One or more of the other components of system 1600 may be included in a circuit.

The storage unit can store files, such as drivers, libraries, and saved programs. The storage unit may store user data (eg, user preferences and user programs). In some cases, the computer system may include one or more additional data storage units external to the computer system, such as on a remote server that communicates with the computer system via an intranet or the Internet.

The computer system may communicate with one or more remote computer systems via a network. For example, a computer system can communicate with a remote computer system of a user (eg, an operator). Examples of remote computer systems include personal computers (eg, portable PCs), tablet or tablet PCs (eg, Apple® iPad, Samsung® Galaxy Tab), telephones, smart phones (eg, Apple® iPhone, Android-enabled device, Blackberry®), or a personal digital assistant. A user (eg, a client) can access the computer system via a network.

The methods as described herein may be implemented by means of machine (eg, computer processor) executable code stored on an electronic storage location of a computer system, such as on memory 1602 or electronic storage unit 1604 . Machine-executable or machine-readable code may be provided in the form of software. During use, processor 1606 can execute code. In some cases, the code may be retrieved from the storage unit and stored on memory ready for access by the processor. In some cases, the electronic storage unit may be eliminated and the machine-executable instructions stored on memory.

The code may be precompiled and configured for use by a machine with a processor adapted to execute the code, or may be compiled during the execution phase. The code may be provided in a programming language that may be selected to enable the code to be executed in a precompiled or as-compiled manner.

In some embodiments, the processor includes program code. The code can be program instructions. Program instructions may cause at least one processor (eg, a computer) to direct the feedforward and/or feedback control loop. In some embodiments, the program instructions cause at least one processor to direct a closed loop and/or open loop control scheme. Control may be based at least in part on one or more sensor readings (eg, sensor data). One controller can direct multiple operations. At least two operations may be directed by different controllers. In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different controllers may direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable medium causes each distinct computer to direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). In some embodiments, different non-transitory computer-readable media cause each different computer to direct at least two of operations (a), (b), and (c). A controller and/or computer-readable medium may direct any of the apparatuses disclosed herein or components thereof. A controller and/or computer-readable medium may direct any operation of the methods disclosed herein.

In some embodiments, the at least one display configuration and the associated integrated glazing unit(s) operate in coordination with each other. Control of at least one display configuration and associated tintable window (eg, integrated glass unit(s)) may be via integration of display configuration control and tintable window control. For example, the display construction and tintable glass may be operably (eg, communicatively) coupled to a control system, eg, via a network. Control of the at least one display structure may be via an Ethernet network. The tint level of the tintable window(s) can be adjusted when using one or more associated display configurations. The tint level of the tintable windows may be automatically changed (eg, dimmed) when one or more display configurations are used. Automatically changing (eg, darkening or lightening) the hue level of the tintable window(s) may be based, at least in part, on external radiation and/or display contrast. Automatically changing the tint level of a tintable window may be based at least in part on privacy (eg, limiting the ability of someone from outside the facility to see the display structure). When using the tintable window(s), the area of the tintable window may have its (automatically) changed (eg, darkened or lightened) tint level. The area of tintable windows may contain a plurality of tintable windows. The zone may include (i) tintable windows facing a particular direction of the enclosure (eg, facility); (ii) multiple tintable windows on particular sides of the facility (eg, façade); (iii) particular Tintable windows on floors; (iv) tintable windows in certain types of rooms and/or events (eg, open spaces, offices, conference rooms, lecture halls, hallways, reception halls, or cafeterias); (v ) tintable windows disposed on the same fixture (eg, an inner or outer wall); and/or (vi) a user-defined plurality of tintable windows (eg, groups of tintable windows in a room or on a facade) , that is, a subset of a larger group of tintable windows, such as a conference room with a display configuration on one of the eight tintable windows that can darken the hue of the eight tintable windows-zones). The (automatic) tinting of a tintable window may be based, at least in part, on whether the display configuration is showing active content (eg, content intended for viewing by a user) or inactive content. When using at least one display configuration, the automatic change in the hue level of the tintable window can be overridden by the user (eg, by manually adjusting the hue level). The user can rewrite the tintable window(s) using mobile circuitry (eg, remote controllers, virtual reality controllers, cellular phones, electronic notepads, laptops, and/or by similar mobile devices) the automatic coloring.

In some embodiments, at least one display construction and associated tintable window(s) may be adjacent to a heat dissipation system (eg, a heater). Heat adjacent to the display structure (eg, heat generated by the display structure, any touchscreens, circuitry, power supplies, proximity sensors, proximity emitters, and/or solar radiation (eg, transmitted through tintable windows) ) can be dissipated. Heat can be transferred via conduction, convection, and/or electromagnetic waves (radiation). Heat can be removed actively or passively. Heat can be removed via convection and/or conduction. Active heat removal can be controlled (eg, using a control system). Active (eg, forced) convection (eg, a fan) can generate airflow to dissipate heat adjacent to the display structure(s). The airflow may be in the gap (eg, between the tintable window(s) and the display configuration(s)). One or more temperature sensor(s) adjacent to the display structure(s) and/or operably coupled to the display structure(s) may sense temperature and signal to achieve the first(high) temperature threshold upon reaching the first(high) temperature threshold value to cause forced convection. The temperature sensor(s) may (automatically) turn off the display configuration(s) when a second (higher) temperature threshold is reached (eg, to prevent malfunction and/or damage). Damage can be permanent or temporary. The first temperature threshold value may have a lower temperature value than the second temperature threshold value. The threshold value may depend on the ambient temperature. The ambient temperature may include the temperature outside the enclosure in which the display structure is placed, or the temperature within the enclosure in which the display structure is placed. Heat penetration through the tintable window(s) can be limited (eg, through the use of low emissivity (Lo-E) glass), eg, to reduce the thermal load on the display construction(s).

In some embodiments, the operation of at least one display construct and associated shadeable window(s) includes maintenance tasks associated with the display construct(s). Control of maintenance tasks (eg, pixel compensation, temperature, usage, and/or reset) of the display structure can be automated (eg, using a control system). Pixel compensation can include adjusting the brightness of a pixel in a display configuration based at least in part on how the pixel is used over its lifetime. For example, the wavelength and/or intensity of the pixel's emission, and how long it lasts as the case may be. For example, the frequency of the pixel projected wavelength and/or intensity. For example, what the pixel has displayed (eg, video with motion or static display). Display build temperature, fan speed, degree of display build usage, and/or type of display build usage can be monitored over time. Monitoring can be done by the control system. Monitoring can utilize sensors coupled to a network (eg, and to a control system). Monitoring may be in situ and/or on-the-fly when the display constructs orthographic media. The control system may utilize image processing to assess the state of one or more emitting entities (eg, LEDs or other lights) of the display structure. The sensor may include a camera (eg, a still image or video camera). The camera may include an array of pixels (eg, a charge coupled device (CCD) camera). The cameras may be configured for digital imaging (eg, CCD or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) cameras). The camera may contain film. Cameras can be sensitive to color gamut (eg, the full range of colors visible to the average human eye). The control system may monitor the display configuration continuously and/or intermittently (eg, at predetermined intervals). The control system may record data related to continuous or intermittent monitoring of the display configuration. Data may be recorded at predetermined intervals and/or when a threshold value has been reached. Threshold values may be thermal, electrical and/or optical threshold values. The threshold value may be time-dependent (eg, the temperature exceeds 50°C for more than about 1 minute). Display configuration adjustment (eg, reset) may be based, at least in part, on this monitoring (eg, depending on a time threshold) of display configuration (eg, optical, thermal, and/or electrical) properties. Threshold values can be values or functions (eg, time and/or space dependent functions). The space may be related to the type of enclosure in which the display structure is placed. For example, a display configuration in a conference room may be less forgiving than a display configuration in a hallway. Monitoring of the display construction can provide predictions about the lifetime of the component(s) of the display construction (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters, and/or fans). Monitoring the display configuration (eg, over time) can actively compensate for any predicted attenuation associated with the display configuration or in components of the display configuration (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters, and/or fans). Monitoring and/or diagnostics of display structures may be via a network (eg, a network disposed at least partially in an outer layer of the facility). Monitoring and/or diagnostics of the display structure can be via the control system. Adjusting (eg, resetting) the display configuration may include (automatically and/or controllably) closing and opening the display configuration. The display configuration may be cycled every time interval (eg, every at least about 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, or 72 hours), eg, if the pixels of the display configuration may be prone to failure (eg, burn failure). The time interval may depend on the type and/or extent of the predicted failure (eg, predicted failure for one pixel or predicted failure for a group of pixels). The cycle time interval may depend on the type of viewing of the display configuration. For example, static viewing for longer than a predetermined threshold of time (eg, using the display configuration as a symbol) may increase the risk of pixel failure (eg, failure). More frequent on/off cycling when the display is configured for static viewing compared to mobile video reduces the risk of pixel glitches in static viewing. The control system may predict (eg, via a software module) maintenance and/or replacement of any of the display structures or components thereof (eg, based on monitored pixel states). The prediction can be based, at least in part, on real-time sensor measurements of the output of the display construct (eg, compared to the expected output). The prediction may be based, at least in part, on previous sensor measurements (eg, compared to expected output) of the output of the display configuration, such as in a laboratory or other testing facility (eg, fatigue testing). Predictions may be based at least in part on observations of display configurations to be maintained/replaced. The prediction may be based, at least in part, on observations of a display configuration (eg, a test display configuration) other than the display configuration to be maintained/replaced. The prediction may be based, at least in part, on the average pixel state, eg, considering the display configuration and/or the irradiation profile of any of its individual pixels. The control system may provide notification of expected replacement and/or maintenance. Such predictions may allow for proactive maintenance and/or replacement to be performed. Such predictions may allow for anticipated storage of individual display configurations to be maintained and/or replaced. Such forecasts may allow for timely scheduling of personnel who will perform such maintenance and/or replacement.

18 shows an example of operations associated with at least one display construct and associated tintable window(s). Control of the at least one display construct and the associated tintable window(s) may be via integration of the display construct control and the shading window(s) controls. Control of at least one display structure may be via a network. In block 1801, the tint level of at least one tintable window is adjusted when one or more associated display construct(s) are used and/or are ready for use by the display construct. For example, the tint level of the tintable window(s) may be automatically dimmed when one or more display configuration(s) are used. The automatic dimming of the tint level of the at least one tintable window may be based, at least in part, on (i) external radiation, (ii) the media displayed in display contrast, (iii) the type of displayed media (e.g., static or changing), and/or (iv) Privacy Requests. Automatically dimming the tint level of the tintable window(s) may be based at least in part on privacy (eg, restricting the ability of someone from outside the facility to see the display construction). When using one or more display configurations, areas of a tintable window may have their tint levels altered (eg, darkened). The area of tintable windows may include tintable windows facing a particular direction in the facility, may be multiple tintable windows on particular sides of the facility, may be multiple tintable windows on particular floors of the facility, may be Tintable windows in certain types of rooms (eg, open spaces, offices, conference rooms, lecture halls, cafeterias), and/or tintable windows that may be user-defined (eg, in a room or standing A group of tintable windows on a face, that is, a subset of a larger group of tintable windows, such as a conference room with a display configuration on one of the eight tintable windows can make the tint becomes darker). The region can be any region disclosed herein. Automatic tinting of tintable windows may be based, at least in part, on whether the display configuration is showing active content (eg, content intended for viewing by a user) or inactive content. In block 1803, the automatic dimming of the tint levels of the tintable windows can be overridden by the user manually adjusting the tint levels of one or more tintable windows. The user can override the automatic tinting of the tintable window(s) using mobile circuitry (eg, a remote controller, virtual reality controller, cellular phone, electronic notepad, and/or laptop). In block 1804, heat adjacent to the display construction (eg, heat generated by any components associated with the display construction and/or solar radiation transmitted through the tintable window) may be dissipated and passively and/or actively (eg, controllably) removed (eg, using automatic actuation of a fan or any other heat exchanger). A temperature sensor adjacent to the display structure can sense temperature and signal to initiate active heat exchange operations (eg, inducing forced convection) when a first high temperature threshold is reached. The temperature sensor may turn off the display configuration(s) when a second higher temperature threshold is reached. Operation 1805 shows the (eg, automatic) prediction and/or expectation of maintenance task(s) (eg, pixel compensation, temperature, usage, and/or reset) of the display fabric. Pixel compensation may include adjusting the brightness of pixels in a display configuration based at least in part on how many pixels have been used, how often pixels have been used, and/or what the pixels have displayed (eg, video with motion or static display). The monitor may display build temperature, active heat exchange intensity (eg, fan speed), and/or display build usage. Display configuration adjustments (eg, resets) may be based, at least in part, on monitoring of display configuration properties. As a pixel degrades, it may require more current and/or voltage to produce the requested output. Display structure adjustment may include adjusting the intensity of one or more pixels of the display structure to produce the requested output. Monitoring of the display construction can provide predictions about the status and/or predicted useful life of components in the display construction (eg, pixels, electrical circuitry, filters, and/or fans). The control system may inform and/or actively compensate for any predicted decay in components associated with the display configuration. Monitoring and/or diagnostics of display structures may be via a network, which may be located at least partially in the outer layers of the facility. In block 1807, the display configuration is adjusted and/or reset as appropriate. Adjusting and/or resetting may include automatically turning off and on the display configuration, eg, to extend pixel lifetime and/or reduce pixel output failures.

In some embodiments, the operation of the at least one display construct and the associated shadeable window(s) is based at least in part on the state of the at least one display construct. The status of the display constructs may be checked, monitored, and/or verified with respect to whether at least one display construct is open. If at least one display configuration is not turned on, then the preset and/or manual tint levels of the tintable window(s) may be activated. The status (eg, on/off) of the display configuration can be checked periodically. If at least one display construct is on (eg, operating), it may be determined that the display construct is displaying active or passive content. If the display configuration is not turned on (eg, no media is displayed), then a preset or manual tint level of the tintable window(s) may be activated. If a display construct is displaying active content, then (i) an area proximate the tintable window of the display construct(s) that are displaying active content may be identified, (ii) the area may have an identified tint level of the window in that area (e.g. , different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of solar radiation, solar glare, and/or desired contrast) and/or (iii) the tint levels of the tintable windows may be adjusted in the identified regions.

19 shows an example of control operations associated with at least one display construct and associated tintable window(s). In block 1901, the status of at least one display construct is checked. In block 1902, the control system determines whether at least one display configuration is on (eg, at least one pixel is controllably emitting radiation). If at least one display configuration is not open, then in block 1903 a preset or manual tint level of the tintable window(s) is enabled, and the status of the display configuration is periodically checked. If at least one display construct is on, in block 1904 it may be determined whether the display construct is displaying active content. Otherwise, a preset or manual tint level of the tintable window(s) can be enabled in block 1903 and the status of the display structure checked periodically. If the display construct is displaying active content, then in block 1905 shadeable window(s) proximate the display construct(s) displaying the active content are identified. The tintable window(s) may have their identified tint levels in block 1906 (eg, different tint levels based at least in part on the presence of sun/glare and desired contrast), and in block 1907 Make any tone level adjustments. The tintable window can be part of the region (eg, and the region can be identified by the controller), or not part of the region. If the first tintable window coupled to the display structure is the portion that includes the region that is not coupled to at least one second tintable window of the display structure. The hue of the second tintable window may or may not be changed to the hue of the first tintable window. Changes in the hue of other windows in the area can be predetermined and/or determined by the user to be consistent with changing the hue of the tintable windows coupled to the display structure.

In some embodiments, a plurality of display constructs are linked together in a control scheme. A plurality of display structures may be mounted adjacent to one or more tintable windows. Tintable windows may be connected (eg, wired or wireless) via a local (eg, window) controller that is part of a control system. The control system may include a distributed network of controllers coupled to the power and/or communication network. The control system may control various functions (eg, functions of facilities (eg, office buildings, warehouses, etc.)), which may include adjusting the tint of the tintable window(s) and/or displaying media content on a display structure. The display constructs may be connected (eg, wired or wireless) via a display interface that may be housed in one or more housings. The display interface enclosure may be referred to herein as an electrical box ((E)-box), eg, 2006. The electronics box may be operably coupled (eg, for power and/or communications) to the network. The network may provide data and/or power to the display fabric. The user content server may provide data over the network for display on the display fabric and/or may provide data and power to the display interface via one or more connections to the display interface. The display interface may include an adapter (eg, an Ethernet adapter (eg, RS-485 to Ethernet)) and/or the electronics box may include a native adapter (eg, Ethernet/IP )support. The electronic box can send alerts and/or respond to inquiries from the Internet. For example, connections to devices for data transfer may include Ethernet, HDMI, DisplayPort, RS-485, and/or other types of connections for data and/or media transfer. Power may be provided to the electronics box via the internet and/or via a separate power cable. The plurality of display configurations may display different content on each display configuration, may display the same (eg, repeating) content, or may be configured to display an image across multiple display configurations (eg, such that segments of the image are displayed on the on each of the plurality of display structures). The connection of display structures may allow a smaller number (eg, up to 10, 9, 8, 5, 6, or 4) of display structures to be controlled via the local controller. In some embodiments, a larger number (eg, more than 10) of display configurations may be coupled via a network (eg, floor) controller or may allow all display configurations in a facility to be controlled by a master controller. Display configurations may display media individually (eg, independently of other display configurations) or in groups of display configurations (eg, at least 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 25, 50, or 75 display configurations may display groups of displays) (set) configuration), which, for example, can be controlled to display data as if it were a single display configuration (eg, one media among the displays each split in a display group). Display constructions can form a video wall. A video wall may include a plurality of display structures tiled together (eg, consecutively or overlapping) to form a larger screen. The controller that controls the video wall controller can divide a single image to be projected on the video wall into portions to be displayed on the individual display structures that make up the video wall. The display construction can be coupled to a wall (eg, opaque or transparent) or a tintable window. Video wall controllers can include hardware based controllers or software and media card based controllers. A hardware-based controller may include a media processing chipset and may not contain an operating system. Software based and media card controllers can be housed in a processor with an operating system. The processor may be a server or may be local. The processor may be configured with multiple output graphics cards and/or video capture input cards.

Display constructs can be configured in the layout. The layout may include a matrix grid layout (eg, 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4) of the same display geometry (eg, with the same aspect ratio). Layouts may include layouts with non-identical display geometries (eg, with different aspect ratios), such as in configurations other than symmetric matrices. The displayed media content can be the same, segmented or completely different. For example, at least two different concurrent content can be displayed on the video wall of the display configuration.

Figure 20 shows an example of a control scheme for multiple display configurations. A plurality of display structures 2002 may be mounted adjacent to a plurality of tintable windows 2003 . Tintable windows 2003 may be connected 2009 (eg, wired and/or wireless) via local (window) controller 2001 to control network 2004, which controls various functions of facilities (eg, office buildings, warehouses, etc.), Such functions may include adjusting the tint of the tintable window 2003 . Display fabric 2002 can be connected (eg, wired and/or wireless) 2010 to control network 2004 via display interface 2005 and a controller housed within an enclosure (also referred to herein as an electrical (E) box) 2006 (includes control system). The control network may be coupled to the tintable window and/or display fabric via a wiring network, which wiring (eg, coaxial cables) may provide data and/or power to the display fabric 2002 . User content server 2007 may provide data to be displayed on display structure 2002 (eg, via wiring and/or control networks) and/or may provide data and power via one or more connections 2011 to display interface 2005 to display interface 2005. The display interface may include an Ethernet adapter (eg, RS-485 to Ethernet). The electronic box 2006 may include native Ethernet/IP support. The electronic box 2006 can send alerts and/or respond to inquiries from the network 2004 . For example, connections to devices for data transfer may include Ethernet, HDMI, DisplayPort, RS-485, and/or other types of connections for data transfer. Power may be provided to the electronics box 2006 via internet power and/or via a separate power cable. The plurality of display structures 2002 may display different content, the same content, or may be used to display one image across multiple display structures 2002 (eg, as in a video wall).

In some embodiments, the display is configured to display various media in the facility. The display construction may include one or more media displays that may be at least partially transparent, such as when the display construction is not operating (eg, a TOLED display). The display construction may be coupled (eg, directly or indirectly) to a hard surface, such as a wall, panel, or window (eg, a visual window). The hard surface may be the hard surface of the fixture. The window may be a tintable window (eg, an electrochromic window). The windows can be placed in the building or in the envelope of the building. Visual windows can include tintable windows including electrochromic windows that can be tinted (eg, to darken, lighten, and/or change their color (eg, hue)), which can provide for interaction with display by display structures. The media forms a contrasting background.

In some embodiments, one or more display constructs may be operably coupled (eg, mounted) to a hard surface (eg, a window, wall, or panel). Coupling can be via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and/or by other suitable mechanisms. Couplings may be disposed at least partially within one or more sash portions. The window frame(s) may include vertical portions (eg, mullions) and may include horizontal portions (eg, horizontal frames). The display construction can be directly adhered (eg, using an adhesive) to a hard surface. The adhesive may or may not contact the window frame (or portion thereof). A hard surface may comprise a hardened material (eg, glass, metal, or polymer). Hard surfaces can include solids (eg, gypsum, ceramic, concrete, and/or stone). Multiple display structures may be installed (eg, via hinges, adhesives, fasteners, and/or by other mechanisms).

In some embodiments, the display configuration is controlled by at least one controller. A controller may be part of a control system. The controller may include a controller that is directly coupled (eg, connected) to the display construct. The connection between the controller and the display fabric may use wired and/or wireless communication. The controller may be coupled to the display fabric via a plurality of wires (eg, for communication and/or power). The controller may be positioned in the housing. The housing may contain one or more materials. Materials may include elemental metals, metal alloys, polymers (eg, plastics), resins, wood, glass, composites, and/or other materials. Materials may comprise transparent or opaque materials. Materials may include conductive or insulating (eg, dielectric) materials. The housing may contain discrete or specular materials. The housing may have multiple faces. At least two (eg, all) of the plurality of wires may extend from one of the plurality of faces of the controller housing. Sometimes, a controller housing (eg, containing one or more controllers) may be coupled to multiple display structures. At times, a controller may be operably coupled (eg, directly) to a display construct. At times, one controller may be operably coupled (eg, directly) to two or more display constructs. Direct coupling may include wires connecting the controller to the display structure. The wires may be uninterrupted wires. The controller and/or housing may include wiring access. The wiring entry may or may not be in the same plane as the wiring exit in the controller housing. Sometimes, multiple control enclosures may be positioned adjacent to each other (eg, in contact with each other, or may be directly coupled to each other (eg, via wiring). Connecting the controller(s) in at least two different enclosures (eg, all enclosures) At least two of the wiring (eg, all wiring) with at least two (eg, all) of the wiring (eg, all wiring) in a display configuration (eg, in a set of display configurations) may (i) extend from a housing of the same face type and/or ( ii) extend in the same general direction (eg, up, down, left, or right). The type of face can be based on the direction the face faces (eg, down, up, east, west, north, East or any combination thereof). This direction may be relative to facing the user of the display configuration and relative to the center of gravity.

In some embodiments, the controller housing is mounted in the frame portion. The controller housing may be mounted within at least a portion of a window, panel or wall frame. Portions of the frame may be upper horizontal mullion(s) (cross-frame(s)), within lower horizontal mullion(s)(s), and/or vertical (side) vertical within a frame or combination of mullions forming the window frame(s). The upper and lower parts are relative to the center of gravity. The display connector may connect the controller to the display construction via one or more cables and/or wires. Display connectors, which may connect the controllers to the respective display configurations via cables, may extend from one of the plurality of faces of the controller housing or may extend from more than one of the plurality of faces of the controller housing. At least two (eg, all) of the cables connecting the controller to the corresponding display configurations may be (eg, substantially) of the same length. The cable may extend at least partially within the window frame(s). The cables connecting the controller to the display structure can be of different lengths. The cables may extend at least partially within and/or outside the window frame(s). The (eg, local) controller may include a power connector that may, for example, be connected to one or more power sources. The power connector may be placed in the same or a different face than the face from which the data cable extends to the display structure(s). The different faces can form an angle, which can be (eg, substantially) a right angle. The different faces may be parallel to each other. Data (eg, communications and/or media) cables may be connected to the controller from one or more data sources (eg, server(s)). The data cable can be connected to the media content provider server and/or the server that controls the hue level of the window(s). In some embodiments, power and data are coupled to the display fabric via the same cable (eg, coaxial cable).

In some embodiments, multiple devices (eg, including sensors and/or transmitters) are integrated into a common housing. The housing may include one or more circuit boards. The housing can integrate device sets. The set may have a single housing (eg, cover). One or more circuit boards (eg, a printed circuit board PCB) may be housed in a single housing. At least one controller can be positioned in the housing. The enclosure may be adapted to mount to a window, wall, ceiling or any other structure and/or fixture in an enclosure (eg, facility, building, or room) to perform various functions. A common assembly of devices (eg, a set of devices) may include power conditioning components, circuitry (eg, a processing unit), memory, and/or a network interface. The housing may include a mounting adapter, which may be provided for mounting the assembly to a fixture, such as at least a portion of a window mullion. The enclosure may contain one or more features required for optimum performance, such as (I) one or more openings for allowing external environmental characteristic(s) to enter the enclosure, (II) electrical and/or electromagnetic (eg, radio frequency) Shielded and/or (III) heat exchangers (eg passive or active). For example, the housing may include one or more openings (eg, holes) that facilitate air flow through the circuit board. The housing may contain heat sinks. The heat exchanger and/or shield may shield the circuitry from external influences and/or may be shielded between circuit boards encapsulated in the housing. The housing may include an open body and a cover. The cover may include one or more openings (eg, holes). The cover can be snapped into the open body to close the housing. The housing may include openings for receiving cabling.

21A shows an example of a hard surface 2101 (eg, a tintable window) mounted within a frame 2102 (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives). Frame 2102 includes vertical mullions 2103a and 2103b, and horizontal mullions 2104a and 2104b (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Two display structures 2105a and 2105b are mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frame 2102 and cover (eg, all) viewable surfaces (eg, panels or windows, such as those of tinted windows) of hard surface 2101 surface). Two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2106a and 2106b are mounted in a portion of the inner frame 2102 of the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to vector 2100) cross frame 2104a. Circuitry in electronics box 2106a (eg, including timing controllers, network communications (eg, routers), and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2105a via wiring 2109a. The circuitry in electronics box 2106b is connected to display structure 2105b via wiring 2109b. Display connector 2108a extends from housing 2106a in the same downstream direction. Display connector 2108b extends from housing 2106b in the same downstream direction. Connectors 2108a and 2108b are configured to point in the same downstream direction. Cable 2109a is of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2106a and 2106b to respective display structures 2105a and 2105b, and the cable extends within a portion of frame 2102. Electronic box 2106a is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2110a. Electronic box 2106b is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2110b. At least one power cable supplying power to the electronics box circuitry can be connected to its own power supply. A power supply can be connected to at least two power cables that supply power to the electronics box circuitry. 21A shows an example where two power cables 2110a and 2110b are connected to the same power supply 2111. Power cables 2110a and 2110b extend (eg, substantially) from each of the electronics boxes perpendicular to the direction in which the display connectors 2108a and 2108b extend from the electronics box (eg, the connectors extend to the same side of the electronics box). Media wiring 2112a connects from a data source (eg, a server) to circuitry (eg, a media circuit board) 2106b housed in the electronics enclosure. Media wiring 2112b is connected to electronics box 2106a and to cable 2112a and data source 2115 (via electronics box 2106b). Media cables 2112a and 2112b can be connected to media content provider servers. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surface 2101 is a tintable window, any (eg, all) electronic boxes may, for example, be via media cables (eg, 2112a and/or 2112b) or via dedicated cables (not shown in FIG. 21A ) is operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint level of the window.

21B shows an example of a hard surface 2121 (eg, a tintable window) mounted within a frame 2122 (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives). Frame 2122 includes vertical mullions 2123a and 2123b, and horizontal mullions 2124a and 2124b (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display structures 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d are mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frame 2122 and cover all viewable surfaces (eg, panels or windows, such as those of tinted windows) of hard surface 2121 surface). The four controllers housed within enclosures (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2126a, 2126b, 2126c, and 2126d are mounted to the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to vector 2120) of cross frame 2124a and inner frame 2122. in part. Circuitry in electronics box 2126a (eg, including timing controllers, networking, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2125a via wiring 2129a. The circuitry in electronics box 2126b is connected to display structure 2125b via wiring 2129b. Circuitry in electronics box 2126c (eg, including timing controllers and media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2125c via wiring 2129c. The circuitry in electronics box 2126d is connected to display structure 2125d via wiring 2129d. Display connector 2128a extends from housing 2126a in the same downstream direction. Display connector 2128b extends from housing 2126b in the same downstream direction. Display connector 2128c extends from housing 2126c in the same downstream direction. Display connector 2128d extends from housing 2126d in the same downstream direction. Connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d are configured to point in the same downstream direction. Cables 2129a are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2126a, 2126b, 2126c, and 2126d to respective display configurations 2125a, 2125b, 2125c, and 2125d, and extend within a portion of frame 2102. Electronic box 2126a is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2130a. Electronic box 2126b is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2130b. Electronic box 2126c is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2130c. Electronic box 2126d is configured to connect (eg, via a connector) to power cable 2130d. At least one power cable supplying power to the electronics box circuitry can be connected to its own power supply. A power supply may be connected to at least two or more power cables that supply power to the electronics box circuitry. 21B shows an example where four power cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d are connected to the same power supply 2131. Power cables 2130a, 2130b, 2130c, and 2130d extend from each of the electronics boxes (eg, substantially) perpendicular to the direction in which display connectors 2128a, 2128b, 2128c, and 2128d extend from the electronics boxes. Media wiring 2132a connects from a data source (eg, a server) to circuitry (eg, a media circuit board) 2126d housed in the electronics enclosure. Media wiring 2132b is connected to electronics box 2126c and to cable 2132a and data source 2135 (via electronics box 2126d). Media wiring 2132c is connected to electronics box 2126b and to cable 2132a and data source 2135 (via electronics boxes 2126d and 2126c). Media wiring 2132d is connected to electronics box 2126a and to cable 2132a and data source 2135 (via electronics boxes 2126d, 2126c, and 2126b). The media cables 2132a, 2132b, 2132c and 2132d can be connected to the media content provider server. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surface 2121 is a tintable window, any (eg, all) electronics boxes may be, for example, via media cables (eg, 2132a, 2132b, 2132c, and/or 2132d) or via dedicated cables (in FIG. 21B ). (not shown in ) is operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the hue level of the window.

Figure 22A shows an example of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (eg, tintable windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2222a and 2222b. Frames 2222a and 2222b include vertical mullion 2223, and horizontal mullion 2224 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullion). Two display structures 2225a, 2225b are mounted within frame 2222a, and two display structures 2225c and 2225d are mounted within frame 2222b and cover all viewable surfaces of hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b (eg, panels or windows, such as those of tinted windows). visible surface). Four controllers housed within enclosures (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d are mounted to the vertical side (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to vector 2220) mullion 2223 inner frame in part of 2222a and 2222b. Circuitry in electronics box 2226a (eg, including timing controllers and media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2225a via wiring 2229a. The circuitry in electronics box 2226b is connected to display structure 2225b via wiring 2229b. Circuitry in electronics box 2226c (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2225c via wiring 2229c. The circuitry in electronics box 2226d is connected to display structure 2225d via wiring 2229d. Display connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d extend from respective housings 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d in the same horizontal direction. Connectors 2228a, 2228b, 2228c, and 2228d are configured to point in the same horizontal direction. Cables 2229a, 2229b, 2229c, and 2229d are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2226a, 2226b, 2226c, and 2226d to respective display configurations 2225a, 2225b, 2225c, and 2225d, and the cables are between frames 2222a and 2222b. Partially extended. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2221a and 2221b are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the electronic boxes may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint levels of those windows.

22B shows an example of hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b (eg, tintable windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2232a and 2232b. Frames 2232a and 2232b include vertical mullion 2233, and horizontal mullion 2234 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullion). Display construction 2235a is mounted within frame 2232a, and display construction 2235b is mounted within frame 2232b and covers all viewable surfaces of hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b (eg, panels or windows, such as the visible surfaces of tintable windows). The two controllers housed within housings (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2236a and 2236b are mounted in upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to vector 2230) cross frame 2234, a portion of inner frames 2232a and 2232b . Circuitry in electronics box 2236a (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2235a via wiring 2239a. The circuitry in electronics box 2236b is connected to display structure 2235b via wiring 2239b. Display connectors 2238a and 2238b extend from respective housings 2236a and 2236b in the same downstream direction. Connectors 2238a and 2238b are configured to point in the same downstream direction. Cables 2239a and 2239b are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2236a and 2236b to respective display structures 2235a and 2235b, and the cables extend within portions of frames 2232a and 2232b. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2231a and 2231b are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) electronic boxes may be operably coupled to at least one controller that controls the tint levels of those windows.

23 shows an example of hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c (eg, tintable windows) installed (eg, via hinges such as 2370 and/or adhesives) within frames 2322a, 2322b, and 2322c. Frames 2322a, 2322b, and 2322c include vertical mullion 2323, and horizontal mullion 2324 (also referred to as horizontal mullion). Four display structures 2325a, 2325b, 2325c and 2325d are mounted within frame 2322a, two display structures 2325e and 2325f are mounted within frame 2322b, and two display structures 2325g and 2325h are mounted within frame 2322c and can cover respective hard surfaces (eg, substantially) all (or only a portion of) viewable surfaces (eg, panels or windows, such as the visible surfaces of tintable windows) of 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c. For example, the surface 2380 of the tintable window is not covered by the display construction. The four controllers housed within housings (electronic boxes) 2326a, 2326b, 2326c and 2326d are mounted in a portion of the inner frame 2322a of the upper (with respect to the center of gravity directed by the vector 2320) mullion 2323. The circuitry in electronics box 2326a is connected to display structure 2325a via wiring 2329a. The wiring can be configured to transfer data and/or power (eg, to a touch screen). The circuitry in electronics box 2326b is connected to display structure 2325b via wiring 2329b. The circuitry in electronics box 2326c is connected to display structure 2325c via wiring 2329c. The circuitry in electronics box 2326d is connected to display structure 2325d via wiring 2329d. Display connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d extend from respective housings 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d in the same downstream direction. Connectors 2328a, 2328b, 2328c, and 2328d are configured to point in the same downstream direction. Cables 2329a, 2329b, 2329c, and 2329d are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2326a, 2326b, 2326c, and 2326d to respective display configurations 2325a, 2325b, 2325c, and 2325d, and the cables are within portions of frame 2322a extend. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the electronic boxes may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint level of such windows device. The controller housed within the housing 2330 is mounted in a portion of the inner frame 2322b of the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to the vector 2320) mullion 2323. Circuitry in controller 2330 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2325e via wiring 2329e. The circuitry in controller 2330 is connected to display structure 2325f via wiring 2329f. Circuitry in controller 2330 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2325g via wiring 2329g. The circuitry in controller 2330 is connected to display structure 2325h via wiring 2329h. Cables 2329e, 2329f, 2329g, and 2329h are (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2330 to respective display configurations 2325e, 2325f, 2325g, and 2325h, and extend within portions of frames 2322b and 2322c. The controller 2330 may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2321a, 2321b, and 2321c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the controllers may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint levels of those windows device.

24 shows an example of hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c (eg, tintable windows) mounted (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2422a, 2422b, and 2422c. Frames 2422a, 2422b, and 2422c include vertical mullion 2423, and horizontal mullion 2424 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullion). Four display structures 2425a, 2425b, 2425c and 2425d are mounted within frame 2422a, two display structures 2425e and 2425f are mounted within frame 2422b, and two display structures 2425g and 2425h are mounted within frame 2422c and can cover respective hard surfaces All (or only a portion of) viewable surfaces of 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c (eg, panels or windows, such as the visible surface of a tintable window). The four controllers housed within enclosures (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2426a, 2426b, 2426c, and 2426d are mounted to the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to the vector 2420) mullion 2423 of the inner frame 2422a. in part. Circuitry in electronics box 2426a (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2425a via wiring 2429a. The circuitry in electronics box 2426b is connected to display structure 2425b via wiring 2429b. Circuitry in electronics box 2426c (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2425c via wiring 2429c. The circuitry in electronics box 2426d is connected to display structure 2425d via wiring 2429d. Cables 2429a, 2429b, 2429c, and 2429d are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2426a, 2426b, 2426c, and 2426d to respective display configurations 2425a, 2425b, 2425c, and 2425d, and the cables are within portions of frame 2422a extend. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) electronic box may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint level of such windows device. The controller housed within the housing 2430 is mounted in a portion of the inner frame 2422b of the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to the vector 2420) mullion 2423. Circuitry in controller 2430 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2425e via wiring 2429e. The circuitry in controller 2430 is connected to display structure 2425f via wiring 2429f. Circuitry in controller 2430 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2425g via wiring 2429g. The circuitry in controller 2430 is connected to display fabric 2425h via wiring 2429h. Cables 2429e, 2429f, 2429g, and 2429h are (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2430 to respective display configurations 2425e, 2425f, 2425g, and 2425h, and extend within portions of frames 2422b and 2422c. Controller 2430 may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2421a, 2421b, and 2421c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the controllers may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint levels of those windows device.

25 shows an example of hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c (eg, tintable windows) installed (eg, via hinges and/or adhesives) within frames 2522a, 2522b, and 2522c. Frames 2522a, 2522b, and 2522c include vertical mullions 2523, and horizontal mullions 2524 (sometimes referred to as horizontal mullions). Four display structures 2525a, 2525b, 2525c and 2525d are mounted within frame 2522a, two display structures 2525e and 2525f are mounted within frame 2522b, and two display structures 2525g and 2525h are mounted within frame 2522c and can cover respective hard surfaces All (or only a portion of) viewable surfaces of 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c (eg, panels or windows, such as the visible surface of a tintable window). The four controllers housed within enclosures (also referred to herein as electrical (E) boxes) 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, and 2526d are mounted to the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to the vector 2520) mullion 2523 of the inner frame 2522a. in part. Circuitry in electronics box 2526a (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2525a via wiring 2529a. The circuitry in electronics box 2526b is connected to display structure 2525b via wiring 2529b. Circuitry in electronics box 2526c (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2525c via wiring 2529c. The circuitry in electronics box 2526d is connected to display structure 2525d via wiring 2529d. Cables 2529a, 2529b, 2529c, and 2529d are of the same length (eg, substantially) from each electronics box 2526a, 2526b, 2526c, and 2526d to respective display configurations 2525a, 2525b, 2525c, and 2525d, and the cables are within portions of frame 2522a extend. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the electronic boxes may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint level of such windows device. The controller housed within the housing 2530 is mounted in a portion of the inner frame 2522b of the upper (with respect to the center of gravity pointing to the vector 2520) mullion 2523. Circuitry in controller 2530 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2525e via wiring 2529e. The circuitry in controller 2530 is connected to display structure 2525f via wiring 2529f. Circuitry in controller 2530 (eg, including timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry) is connected to display fabric 2525g via wiring 2529g. The circuitry in controller 2530 is connected to display fabric 2525h via wiring 2529h. Cables 2529e, 2529f, 2529g, and 2529h are (eg, substantially) the same length from controller 2530 to respective display configurations 2525e, 2525f, 2525g, and 2525h, and extend within portions of frames 2522b and 2522c. The controller 2530 may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. For example, where hard surfaces 2521a, 2521b, and 2521c are one or more tintable windows, any (eg, all) of the controllers may be operably coupled to at least one control that controls the tint levels of those windows device.

In some embodiments, one or more controllers in the housing ((E) box) provide functionality to one or more display configurations. The electronic box may have a cover bracket that can be fastened to the mounting bracket. The cover brackets and mounting brackets may be mounted within a portion of the window frame and/or to other structures. Electronic boxes can have length, width and height. The electronic box can be up to 15 inches ("), 14", 13", 12", 11" or 10" in length. The length of the electronic box can have any value between the aforementioned values (eg, between about 15" and 10", such as about 12.5". The width of the electronic box can be up to 5 inches ("), 4", 3.5", 3 ", 2.5", 2", or 1.5". The width of the electronic box can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, between about 5" and 1.5", such as about 3.75". The height of the electronic box can be up to 3" , 2.5", 2", 1.5", or 1". The height of the electronic box may have any value between the foregoing values (eg, between about 3" and 1", such as 1.75". The electronic box may include analog/digital conversion A circuit board that can be mounted to one or both of the cover bracket and the mounting bracket. The circuit board can include terminals for connecting to a power source (eg, an AC or DC power source) via a cable that provides electrical power To the electronic box, the circuit board may include at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other type of connector for data transfer) that can receive data for display on an associated display structure, and the circuit board may include at least one electronic box connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, or other types of connectors for data transfer ), an electronic box connector can transmit data to another electronic box. The electronic box can include a controller board that can operably engage a circuit board. The circuit board can include geolocation technologies such as Bluetooth, radio frequency (e.g., ultra-wideband) Radio) or Global Positioning System (GPS). The controller board may include a timing controller, network components, and/or media-related circuitry. The timing controller may be used to precisely coordinate changes to various locations (eg, LEDs) in the display structure. Timing. The controller board can include a connector to a cabling that can be connected to the display structure. The cabling can transmit data between the electronics box and the display structure. Connectors from the electronics box to the display structure (e.g., transmit power and/or data) may extend from the electronics box in the same direction or may extend from the electronics box in different directions. For example, all power connectors from the electronics box to the display structure may extend in the same direction and extend from the electronics box and/or extend from the same side of the PCB housed therein. For example, all communication connectors from the electronics box to the display configuration may extend in the same direction and extend from the same side of the electronics box and/or the PCB housed therein. The power connector that supplies power from the PCB of the electronics box to the display structure may reside on the same PCB side as the data connector from the PCB of the electronics box to the display structure (eg, and extending in the same direction, such as toward the display structure and extending away from the electronics box). The connectors for data and/or power between the electronics box and the display structure may be at an angle (perpendicular to the second side of the electronics box where the connectors for incoming power cables reside) The first side of the two sides) resides in the electronic box. The connectors for data and/or power between the electronic box and the display structure may reside in the same connector for incoming data and/or media communication cables. The third side of the electronic box has a The first side of the angle (perpendicular to the third side) resides in the electronics box. Connectors for (i) incoming power, (ii) incoming data (eg, media) communication, and (iii) power and/or data to display fabric resident may or may not reside on one PCB. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The electronic box may have a unique network identifier (ID), eg for communicating with at least one controller of the control facility.

In some embodiments, a plurality of cabling extends from the electronics box to the display configuration. The cabling is connected to the circuitry in the electronics box via connectors. The circuitry may be in one or more printed circuit boards (PCBs). The cabling can be connected to the circuit board via the connector. A connector can connect a plurality of wires bundled into a cable. The number of connectors can be at least 2, 4, 6 or 8. The number of connectors can be even. The cabling can have the same or different functionality. Functionality may include transmitting data and/or transmitting power (eg, electrical power). For example, the connector may connect the cabling that transmits data from the PCB to the display structure. For example, the connector may connect the cabling that transmits power from the PCB to the display structure. The connectors may form two groups of connectors. The members of the connector group can be the same or different. For example, a connector group may include data connectors and power connectors. The individual configurations of connector types in a connector group may follow mirror symmetry, inversion symmetry, and/or rotational (eg, _C2 ) symmetry. Mirrors, axes of rotation and/or reversal points for applicable symmetrical operation can be placed between the two connector groups.

26 shows an exploded view of an example of a controller in a housing (electronic box) 2602. The electronic box 2602 has a cover bracket 2603 fastened to a mounting bracket 2604. The cover bracket 2603 has a plurality of slits 2620 (eg, for ventilation and/or heat exchange). Cover bracket 2602 and mounting bracket 2604 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to other structures (eg, fasteners). Electronic box 2602 includes an analog/digital converter circuit board 2605 that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 2603 and mounting bracket 2604. Circuit board 2605 may include terminals 2606 for connection to (eg, AC) power cables that provide electrical power to electronics box 2602; at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, B Ethernet or other type of connector for data transfer) 2607, which can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one electronics box connector (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transfer) 2608, which can transfer data to another electronic box. The electronics box 2602 includes a controller board 2610 that operably engages the circuit board 2605. The controller board 2610 may include a timing controller and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller can be used to (eg, precisely) coordinate the timing of changing various locations (eg, LEDs) of the display structure. The circuit board (eg, controller board) 2610 includes connectors (eg, 2611 ) that connect to the cabling 2612a-f, which connect to the display structure. Cabling 2612a-f can transmit data and/or power between the electronics box 2602 and the display structure. For example, some of the cables 2612a-f can transmit data and some of the cables can transmit power. For example, the two outermost cables 2612c and 2612f can transmit power, and the four inner cables 2612e, 2612d, 2612a and 2612b can transmit data. For example, the two innermost cables 2612d and 2612a can transmit power, and the four outer cables 2612e, 2612f, 2612c and 2612b can transmit data. For example, two intermediate cables 26123 and 2612b can transmit power, and the other four cables 2612d, 2612f, 2612c and 2612a can transmit data. Two of the cables 2612a-f can transmit power and four of the cables 2612a-f can transmit data. The connectors may extend from the electronics box in the same direction or may extend from the electronics box in different directions. In the example shown in Figure 26, the connector 2611 extends from the electronics box 2602 in the same direction. The connector may extend from the electronics box at right angles to the direction in which the (eg, AC) power cable extends or may extend at any other angle to the direction in which the power cable extends. The electronic box may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The electronic box may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller of the control facility.

27A and 27B show various views of the assembled electronic box 2702 shown in FIG. 26 as an exploded view. The electronic box 2702 has a cover bracket 2703 fastened to a mounting bracket 2704. Cover bracket 2702 and mounting bracket 2704 may be mounted within a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure) or to other structures. Electronic box 2702 may have dimensions (eg, as disclosed herein) for fitting within a structure (eg, length 2730, width 2731, and thickness 2732). The structure can be any of the structures disclosed herein. Electronic box 2702 includes a (eg, analog/digital converter) circuit board 2705 that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 2703 and mounting bracket 2704 . Circuit board 2705 includes terminals 2706 for connection to (eg, AC) power cables 2715 that provide electrical power to electronics box 2702; at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet Ethernet or other type of connector for data transfer) 2707 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one electronics box connector (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet or other type of connector for data transfer) 2708, which transfers the data to another electronic box or network, such as via cable 2716. The electronics box 2702 includes a controller board 2710 that operably engages the circuit board 2705 . The controller board 2710 may include a timing controller and media related circuitry. A timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate the timing of changing various locations (eg, LEDs) in the display structure. The controller board 2710 includes a connector 2711 that connects to a cabling 2712 that connects to the display structure. Cabling 2712 can transmit data and/or power between electronics box 2702 and the display structure. The connector 2711 extends from the electronic box 2702 in the same direction.

32 shows an example of an exploded view of electronic cassette 3202. The electronic box 3202 has a cover bracket 3203 fastened to a mounting bracket 3204. Cover bracket 3202 and mounting bracket 3204 can be mounted within a structure, such as a fixture, such as a portion of a window frame (not shown in this figure). The electronics box 3202 may have dimensions consistent with fitting the electronics box 3202 into a portion of the structure or may have other dimensions that are larger or smaller than these dimensions (eg, as disclosed herein). Electronic box 3202 includes a (eg, analog/digital converter) circuit board 3205 that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 3203 and mounting bracket 3204 . Circuit board 3205 may include one or more terminals 3206 for connection to power cable(s) (eg, AC) that provide electrical power to electronics box 3202 (eg, via coaxial cables);(s) at least one data input connector (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3207 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least An electronic box connector (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3208 that can transmit data to another electronic box and/or network. Electronic box 3202 includes (eg, a controller) circuit board 3210 that operably engages circuit board 3205 . Circuit board 3210 may include timing controllers, network components, and/or media-related circuitry. A timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate the timing of changing various locations (eg, LEDs) in the display structure. Circuit board 3210 includes connectors 3211a-f that connect to cabling (eg, 3212), which in turn connect to the display structure. Cabling 3212 can transmit data and/or power between electronics box 3202 and the display structure. The electronic box 3202 may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device of the facility. The electronic box 3202 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller of the control facility.

33A-33D show various views of the electronic cassette. The electronic box 3302 has a cover bracket 3303 fastened to a mounting bracket 3304. Cover brackets 3303 and mounting brackets 3304 may be mounted within a structure or a portion of the structure (eg, a fixture such as a window frame (not shown in this figure)). The electronic box 3302 may have dimensions for installation within the structure (eg, having a length 3330, a width 3331, and a thickness 3332), such as any of the dimensions disclosed herein. Electronic box 3302 includes a (eg, analog/digital converter) first circuit board that can be mounted to one or both of cover bracket 3303 and mounting bracket 3304 . the first circuit board includes one or more terminals (eg, 3306 ) for connecting to (eg, AC) power cables (eg, including coaxial cables or twisted pair) that provide electrical power to the electronics box 3302; one or more data input connectors (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3307 that can receive data for display on an associated display structure; And one or more electronic box connectors (eg, DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3308, which can transfer data to another electronic box. The electronics box 3302 includes a second (eg, controller) circuit board 3305 that operably engages the first circuit board. In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are one circuit board (eg, and reside on the same or different sides of the circuit board). In some embodiments, the first circuit board and the second circuit board are separate circuit boards separated by a distance that facilitates heat exchange and/or shielding (eg, electronic and/or electromagnetic (eg, radio frequency) shielding). The heat exchanger and/or shield may comprise elemental metals or metal alloys. The heat exchanger may exchange heat passively and/or actively. Heat exchangers may contain heat pipes, plates or meshes. The heat exchanger may contain fins. The second circuit board 3305 may include timing controllers, network components and/or media related circuitry. A timing controller can be used to precisely coordinate the timing of changing various locations (eg, LEDs) in the display structure. In the example shown in Figures 33A-D, the second circuit board includes one or more connectors 3311 that connect to cabling 3312, which in turn connects to the display configuration. Cabling 3312 can transmit data and/or power between electronics box 3302 and the display structure. There may be additional cabling connecting the electronics box to the display structure (not shown). The electronic box 3302 may be operably coupled (eg, wirelessly and/or wired) to a network coupled to at least one controller that controls the facility or any controllable device within the facility. The electronic box 3302 may have a unique network ID for communicating with at least one controller of the control facility.

34A-34E show various examples of views of a circuit board 3405, which may be mounted within an electronic box. The circuit board 3405 may include one or more terminals 3406 for connection to AC power cable(s) that provide electrical power to the circuit board 3405; at least one data input connector(s) (eg, DisplayPort , HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3407, which can receive data for display on an associated display structure; and at least one electronics box connector (e.g. , DisplayPort, HDMI, Ethernet, and/or other types of connectors for data transfer) 3408, which can transfer data to another electronic box. Circuit board 3405 can operably engage a controller board, which can include timing controllers and media-related circuitry, as well as connectors to cabling that connect to the display structure.

In some embodiments, certain apparatuses, non-transitory computer-readable media, and/or methods described herein include techniques for passing a gas (eg, air) through at least one slate of a tintable window. Tintable windows may comprise insulating glass units, such as tinted electrochromic coated windows of IGU. The delivery of gas (eg, air) may be for heat removal and/or lightening of any optically switchable devices (eg, electrochromic coatings) and/or other components (eg, display) on substrates such as windows and windows heat load on the structure). The transfer of gas (eg, air) can be used to remove heat via, for example, convection. Heat can be removed via conduction and/or radiation. In some embodiments, the gas that has been heated by and/or through the IGU windows may be delivered, such as by pumping, pushing and/or suction. The gas can flow to the interior environment of the facility and/or to the exterior of the facility (eg, building) with IGU windows. For example, heated gas can be used to heat the interior of the facility. In some embodiments, the heated gas may be used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The electricity thus generated can be stored in a battery on the forced louver assembly.

In some embodiments, the forced gas tintable (eg, electrochromic) window may include two or more ventilation modules with a connection between the electrochromic window and the third window of the IGU subassembly. Internal space is connected. In some cases, one or more of these ventilation modules may include one or more air moving devices, such as one or more fans, for actively moving gas (eg, air) through the electrochromic window The interior space between the pane and the third window pane. In one case, the one or more air moving devices (eg, fans) may include one of a bladed fan, a bladeless fan, or an air pump. In some cases, one or more air movement devices from the structure and outside the forced air tintable window may be configured to feed air into one or more of the ventilation modules or into the self-ventilation modules One or more output air. In certain embodiments, the exhaust air may be used to generate electricity by rotating a turbine connected to a generator. The electricity generated can be stored in a battery, for example in one of the ventilation modules. Examples of forced air tintable windows, their use and controls can be found in PCT/US15/14453 (WO 2015/120045A1), filed February 4, 2015, entitled "Forced Air Smart Windows", which is incorporated by reference in its entirety manner is incorporated into this article.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a display construction 2801 coupled to a fastener 2802, which is framed by a sensor and transmitter panel, eg, 2803. The display structure is coupled (eg, via wiring and/or cabling not shown in FIG. 28 ) to electronic box 2811 and power supply 2810 . The electronics box and power supply may be positioned adjacent to or remote from the display configuration, such as those positioned herein (eg, in a fixture cavity, such as in a window frame or in a wall cavity). The fastener 2802 includes a hinge having a first blade 2821 and a second blade 2822 including a bracket coupled by a knuckle and pivot arrangement. Fastener 2802 includes gas guides 2823 (partial view shown) that promote directional flow of air through a collection of fans 2805 coupled to respective holes in blade portion 2821 (partial view shown). The gas guide assembly is configured to attach a circuit board 2830 having a connector 2831 that connects the circuit board to the display construction 2801. The circuit board may include a controller and/or driver board.

In some embodiments, the display configuration includes touch screen functionality. In some embodiments, a plurality of display structures may be arranged adjacent to each other (eg, to form a display wall, such as a video wall). Display constructs may be arranged in a matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set of display constructs). A gap may exist between two immediately adjacent display constructs. Immediately between display configurations does not include another display configuration. Gaps can be shaded or unshaded. The gap mask may contain flexible fillers, such as transparent polymers and/or resins. Flexible fillers may comprise carbon-based or silicon-based polymers or resins. The filler may comprise optical grade materials. The filler can be polymerized and/or cured by mixing at least two components. At least one of the at least two components and/or the filler can have at least about 400 milliPascal seconds (mPa*s), 1000 mPa*s, 2000 mPa*s, 3000 mPa*s, 5000 mPa*s, 6000 mPa *s, 7000 mPa*s, 8000 mPa*s, 9000 mPa*s, 10000 mPa*s, 25000 mPa*s or 50000 mPa*s viscosity. The density of the filler can be at least about 0.9 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm ³ ), 0.95 g/cm ³ , 0.97 g/cm ³ , 0.98 g/cm ³ or 0.99 g/cm ³ . The filler may have low shrinkage after curing (eg, shrinkage of up to about 0.2%, 0.1%, or 0.5% volume per volume after curing relative to prior to curing). The filler can have a dielectric constant of up to about 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, or 2.9. The filler can have a dielectric constant between any of the foregoing dielectric constants (eg, from 2.5 to 2.9 or from 2.7 to 2.8). Fillers can be optically clear (eg, to the average person). The filler may have at least 2 kilogram force per square centimeter (Kgf/cm ² ), 2.2 Kgf/cm ² , 2.5 Kgf/cm ² , 3 Kgf/cm ² , 3.5 Kgf/cm ² , 4.0 Kgf/cm ² , 4.5 Kgf/ cm ² , 5.0 Kgf/cm ² , 5.5 Kgf/cm ² , or 6 Kgf/cm ² tensile strength. The filler can have a transmittance of at least about 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.2%, 99.4%, or 99.5% of (eg, visible) light. The filler may have a refractive index of up to about 1.9, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, or 1.3, for example, at 25°C, 23°C, or 20°C. For example, the filler can be Wacker Lumisil ^® (WL) filler (eg, WL 100, 200 or 300 series). The flexible filler can be configured to allow expansion and/or contraction of the display (eg, due to temperature changes). The flexible filler can be configured to bond adjacent displays to each other and/or to structures. The structure may be a tintable window, panel or wall. Mounting brackets and/or hinges can be fastened to the display structure and can be mounted to the structure. The structure may comprise frame or wall sections. The structure may contain fasteners. The frame may include vertical mullions and horizontal mullions (horizontals). Fixtures (eg, frames) may be mounted (eg, bonded, fastened, and/or by other attachment components) to various surfaces (eg, walls, panels, glass, and/or other mounting locations inside the facility). In some embodiments, a display construct may be attached directly to the structure (eg, a tintable window). Direct attachment may use polymers and/or resins. Direct attachment can use bonding. Bonding can utilize adhesive polymers and/or resins (eg, as disclosed herein). The bonding material may have a more malleable state compared to other (eg, rigid) states. The rigid state may be prevalent under ambient conditions. The malleable state may be under certain controllable conditions other than ambient conditions. The change between the malleable state and the rigid state can be triggered by external stimuli (eg, thermal, magnetic, electric, and/or chemical stimuli). For example, fillers (eg, adhesive polymers and/or resins) can be heat sensitive. For example, the filler material may be more malleable, eg, under non-ambient conditions (eg, in a heated environment), and facilitate detachment of the display construct(s) from its support structure (eg, for maintenance or exchange). The division between display structures and/or touchscreens in a set can be obscured, eg, due to the proximity of the display structures and the absence of an emitter-sensor panel between two immediately adjacent display structures. A flexible filler can be placed between two immediately adjacent display structures.

In some embodiments, the display formations may be fastened to the side brackets. The side brackets may be fastened to structures (eg, fasteners such as frame portions or walls). The side brackets can be fastened to the display construction (eg, via adhesive and/or screws). The side brackets are operably coupled to at least one pair (eg, two pairs) of transmitter panels and sensor panels. The first sensor and transmitter panel pair may be positioned orthogonal to the second sensor and transmitter panel pair. Two orthogonal sensor and transmitter panel pairs may facilitate operation of at least one touch screen.

In some embodiments, a plurality of display structures are configured to form a display structure wall. The display construction wall may or may not contain touch screen capabilities. For example, at least one (eg, all) of the display structure walls may have touch screen capabilities. Touching the screen can be facilitated by at least one pair of sensor and transmitter panels. A touchscreen may include two orthogonal sensor and transmitter pairs, such as sensors and transmitters in an orthogonal configuration (eg, as disclosed herein). The distance between the transmitter panel and its sensor panel may span one or more display configurations. The display configurations may be arranged in a matrix configuration (eg, a set of display configurations may be formed in a 2x2 display configuration). In some embodiments, at least one (eg, each) display configuration of the set includes its dedicated touchscreen having at least one set (eg, two sets) of sensor and transmitter panels. In some embodiments, at least two display structures in a set include their dedicated touchscreens having at least one set (eg, two sets) of sensor and transmitter panels. The signal from the transmitter in the transmitter panel is made to travel until it reaches the sensor in the sensor panel. If the signal does not reach the sensor, the touchscreen controller can interpret such disturbances as touches on the touchscreen. Therefore, the path between the transmitter and the sensor should not be unintentionally disturbed.

In some embodiments, display configurations and/or sets of display configurations are (eg, substantially) flat. The tolerance for flatness variation of the display structure is limited (eg, to facilitate operation of a sensor-emitter panel positioned adjacent to the display structure). The tolerance for flatness variation between display structures in a set may be limited (eg, to facilitate operation of sensor-emitter panels positioned adjacent to the set of display structures). Flatness variation may be tighter towards the viewer than away from the viewer. Flatness variation can be more stringent toward the side of the display structure that is disposed adjacent to the touchscreen (eg, where the sensor and emitter panels are disposed). For example, the display structure may protrude toward the viewer and/or the touch screen by a predetermined distance or less. The display structure may protrude away from the viewer and/or the touch screen by more than the predetermined distance. The touchscreen can be configured to display display data as if it were a single display configuration (eg, one media separately divided among the displays in a set of displays such that each display in the set displays a portion of the screen image). The user may use selectors (eg, a cursor and/or a touch screen) to control the plurality of display structures as if the set of display structures were a single display. Tolerances may allow for flatness deviations of up to about 100 micrometers (μm), 300 μm, 500 μm, 700 μm, or 900 μm for any display configuration disposed between the sensor-emitter panels. The flatness deviation limit may be in the direction towards the sensor-emitter panel. The display configuration may be a (eg, slightly) concave, convex, or moiré display (eg, within the tolerances mentioned herein). The gap between two immediately adjacent displays can be up to about 0.1 inches ("), 0.2", 0.3", 0.4", or 0.5". The gap can have any value between the foregoing values (eg, from about 0.1" to about 0.5" ”). A set of display constructs can have a glass panel common to a plurality of displays (eg, TOLEDs). The display constructs can each have a glass panel that supports a display (eg, TOLED).

29A-29D show examples of various display configurations including touch screen functionality. 29A shows an example of four displays (eg, OLEDs) 2903a, 2903b, 2903c, and 2903d sandwiched between four displays sharing a front glass 2904 (which may be tempered) and four rear glasses each individually supporting the displays between panels (eg, 2905). The displays together form a set of display configurations. The four displays in Figures 29A and 29B are configured as a two-by-two matrix (also referred to herein as a group or set) with a gap (eg, 2915) between two immediately adjacent displays. The gap 2915 can be masked (eg, by flexible fillers such as transparent polymers and/or resins disposed between the displays (eg, to allow the displays to expand and contract due to temperature and/or to configure the displays and/or The glass panels are combined)). Sensor-emitter panel 2918 is fastened to display construction 2902 and mounted to frame cap 2919. The display construction is fastened to the structure using hinges (not shown), which are window frames 2906 with vertical mullions 2907 and horizontal mullions 2908 (horizontals). The frame 2906 can be mounted (eg, bonded) to various surfaces (eg, walls, panels, glass, or other mounting locations inside the facility). In combination, adhesive polymers and/or resins may be used, which may or may not have a more ductile state than other (eg, rigid) states, which may be prevalent under ambient conditions. 29A shows an example of a side frame cap 2910 configured to secure a sensor-emitter panel to a display construction 2902 on one side 2920 of a set of display constructions in which the sensor and transmitter are The panel is configured to function as a touch screen. The set of displays 2903a-2903d has two sets of sensor-emitter panels perpendicular to each other, the sensor-emitter panels adjoining the set of display structures (not adjacent to each of the displays). The tolerance for height differences between displays 2903a-2903d in display configuration 2902 may be limited (eg, none of the displays may protrude from the sensor-emitter panel toward the viewer by up to a tolerance threshold (eg, as disclosed herein)), so that the signal from the transmitter will be able to reach the sensors on opposite sides of the set of display constructions unobstructed (eg, the displays within the set cannot be viewed with a deviation more than a tolerance threshold). The viewer is convex but may be concave away from the viewer by more than the tolerance threshold).

In some embodiments, the fasteners are configured to couple the display construction to the support structure. The display configuration may or may not be equipped with touch screen capabilities. The support structure may be a fixture. For example, the support structure may be a frame portion of a window (eg, a tintable window). The structure can be any structure disclosed herein (eg, a wall, arcuate structure, door frame, or any other structural frame). In some embodiments, the fastener includes a hinge configured to allow (eg, coupling the display configuration) swivel about its axis. Fasteners may include movable joints (eg, hinges). The fastener may allow swinging of at least one of its portions about an axis. Fasteners can include mechanical bearings that connect two solid objects. At least one of the solid objects can swing about an axis (eg, a pin, a pivot, or a rod, such as a cylindrical rod). The oscillating motion can oscillate to a limited angle of rotation between two solid parts (eg hinge vanes). The angle may be up to about 270 degrees (°), 180°, 90°, 60°, 45° or 30°. This angle may facilitate reaching any circuitry and/or (eg, electrical) connections coupled to the fastener. This angle may facilitate attachment and/or detachment of the display construction from the fastener. This angle may facilitate attachment and/or detachment of the fastener from the support structure. Fasteners may include barrel hinges, butt hinges, mortice hinges, hidden hinges (eg, cup hinges or Euro hinges), continuous hinges (eg, piano hinges), flag hinges, H-hinges, HL hinges, pivots Hinges (eg, double-acting hinges), self-closing hinges, spring hinges, or living hinges (eg, without knuckles or pins). The swivel may be a hinge blade (eg, any object attached to the hinge blade). The hinge axis can be of the same material or a different material than the fastener body (eg, hinge blade). For example, the hinge axis may have a harder material than the hinge body (eg, hinge blades). The hinge axis and/or blade may comprise metal (eg, comprising elemental metals or metal alloys). Fasteners may include knuckles and/or axes (eg, pins). At least one hinge blade (eg, each of the two hinge blades) may include a second or third type of lever pivoting about a fulcrum disposed at one of its sides. The fulcrum is the point on which the lever rests and/or is supported and about which the lever pivots (eg, the hinge axis). For example, the hinge blades can pivot about a fulcrum positioned at the hinge axis. In the second type of lever, the load is between the fulcrum and the input force. In the third type of lever, the input force is between the fulcrum and the load. The blades may extend from a collection of knuckles that hold the hinge axis. For example, a fastener may include a steering knuckle and/or two sets of two pins. The knuckle may be part of the blade of the fastener (eg, an integral part of the blade, made from a piece of the same material). Any portion of the hinge may comprise composite material (eg, comprising carbon fiber). The hinge may comprise ceramic material. The hinge may be made of therma

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