TW202224250A - 液冷電池模組 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明係為一種液冷電池模組,本發明以複數多孔擠製流道作為電芯間的散熱流道,利用電芯間具流道之液冷模式,來達成電池模組快充且能有效控溫、均溫之需求。
Description
本發明係與電池製造技術有關,特別係指一種用於多個電芯組合之液冷電池模組。
電動巴士相較於柴油巴士在公共運輸的便利性上仍存在許多限制,例如電動巴士有行駛距離較短、充電時間較長及電池壽限等問題,另外,在電動巴士的成本中,電池模組占了極高的比例,因此電池模組的使用壽命將影響電動巴士的成本效益。為提高電動巴士的市場接受度,開發快速充電技術及熱管理技術為現今電動巴士的發展趨勢,期望電巴電池模組具備充電速度快且循環壽命長之性能。
充電速度快與電芯選用種類有關,而循環壽命長則與電池管理及熱管理相關;在充電和放電過程中,由於鋰離子電池中的歐姆熱及化學反應熱引起的溫升會直接影響電芯的循環壽命、效率、可靠度和安全性,且無妥善管理而累積的高溫會導致電池熱失控。已揭露的研究顯示,鋰離子電池的工作溫度最好保持在20℃至45℃之間,電芯間或模組間的最大溫差不應超過5℃,因此,設計一個適當的電池熱管理系統在快充電池系統中是非常必要的。
電池熱管理系統可分為三種類型:空氣冷卻系統、液體冷卻系統和PCM(相變材料)冷卻系統。空氣冷卻系統的冷卻效果較差,不能滿足極端環境下的電池冷卻要求,或在重負載循環下工作;基於PCM的冷卻系統可有效降低溫度並保持較低的溫差,但相變期間的封裝和體積變化將限制其應用,因此液體冷卻更適合用於電動載具熱管理系統,例如電動巴士之電池系統。
中國專利號CN 205621819以液冷管路作為方罐型電池的基座,底下管徑較大的管路作為擺放電池的底座,電池與電池間使用尺寸較小的液冷管分隔,且為了增加接觸面積將管路設計為蛇行形狀。但是電池與液冷系統無鎖固或接觸的設計,因此電池與液冷管間可能有接觸不良導致散熱不佳。
美國專利號US 6858344揭露前人之液冷電池模組設計,此專利在外部製作固定板34將電池與冷卻板向內緊緊固定使彼此緊密貼合,但此設計可能會在鎖固處35因長時間的高溫造成潛變導致鬆脫,使電池與冷卻板的接合漸漸不緊密,最終散熱效果下降。
美國專利號US 6858344專利發明內容設計為在電池與電池間先置入金屬散熱板再於中間置入散熱膠墊使電池與金屬散熱板緊密貼合,接著將電池結構置於液冷板上,依靠散熱膠墊將金屬散熱板與液冷板緊密接合。此設計並未直
接將液冷管置於電池之間直接散熱,而是透過金屬散熱板與散熱膠墊將電池所產生的熱傳導至底部的液冷板再進行散熱,過多的熱傳導介面可推斷散熱效果有限。
美國專利號US 9923251揭露一種圓柱形電芯之液冷流道昔知設計,採接觸散熱方式,液冷流道(編號209、301)可藉接觸圓柱形電芯(Cylindrical)之底面或包覆圓柱電芯之側面進行散熱,其中受限於圓柱形電芯之表面幾何,液冷流道採包覆電芯側面之設計時,其接觸面可能只有圓柱面之一部分角度或甚至只有一直線,接觸面積有限散熱效果不佳。
為改善先前技術之缺點,本發明係提供一種液冷電池模組,本發明以多孔擠製流道(Multi-Port Extrusion Tube,MPET)作為電芯間的散熱流道,利用電芯間具流道之液冷模式,來達成電池模組快充且能有效控溫、均溫之需求。
本發明係為一種液冷電池模組,係包括:一電芯液冷排,其具有複數等距平行排列之多孔擠製流道,該些多孔擠製流道均連接至一匯流盒一側,該匯流盒與該些多孔擠製流道內部之空間互相連通、形成一冷卻液流通空間,該匯流盒不與該些多孔擠製流道連接之另一側係設有一轉接頭,該轉接頭係與該冷卻液流通空間互相連通;一底座,係設置於該電芯液冷排下方,該底座底部設有複數電芯定位槽、用於容納複數電芯,該些電芯並分別位於該些多孔擠製流道之間、與該些
多孔擠製流道平行交錯排列;一上蓋,係設置於該電芯液冷排上方,其設有複數穿透開孔;以及複數銅排,係設置於該上蓋上方、經由該些開孔電性連接該些電芯。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該冷卻液流通空間內流通之冷卻液係為去離子水,或去離子水與乙二醇(50%/50%)混和液,或去離子水與丙二醇(60%/40%)混合液。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該電芯為方罐型或軟包型電芯。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道之間個別具有一間距,該間距為0.3~1.0mm。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該底座係設有複數支撐柱,用以避免該上蓋直接壓迫到該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該上蓋係設有複數導熱膠注液孔,用以將導熱膠注入該液冷電池模組內部。
本發明之一實施例中,該液冷電池模組可複數組上下堆疊設置。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該上下堆疊之複數液冷電池模組係透過一以上分流條連接彼此的轉接頭,使該些液冷電池模組之冷卻液互相流通。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該多孔擠製流道之截面形狀為多邊形或凹多邊形。
本發明之一實施例中,其中該些多孔擠製流道係穿過該匯流盒、在其內側進行焊接,來確保焊接品質維持水密,焊接工法可採雷射焊接或其它熔焊、硬銲或軟焊等方式。
以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖,皆是為了能進一步說明本發明達到預定目的所採取的方式、手段及功效。而有關本發明的其他目的及優點,將在後續的說明及圖示中加以闡述。
1:液冷電池模組
10:電芯液冷排
11:多孔擠製流道
11A:流道截面形狀
12:匯流盒
121:匯流盒蓋板
13:轉接頭
131:快拆接頭
20:底座
21:電芯定位槽
22:多孔擠製流道定位槽
23:支撐柱
30:上蓋
31:串並聯銅排
32:導熱膠注液孔
4:電芯
5:軟銅排
6:分流條
圖1係為本發明使用之多孔擠製流道實施例之等角視圖與剖面圖。
圖2係為本發明之電芯液冷排實施例示意圖。
圖3係為電芯液冷排實施例爆炸圖。
圖4係為本發明之底座實施例示意圖。
圖5係為該液冷電池模組組裝完成示意圖。
圖6係為該液冷電池模組全元件爆炸圖。
圖7係為液冷電池模組(兩層)組合示意圖。
圖8係為液冷電池模組(兩層)組合爆炸圖。
以下係藉由特定的具體實例說明本發明之實施方式,熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地瞭解本發明之其他優點與功效。
本發明採用多孔鋁擠製管(Multi-Port Aluminum Extrusion Tube)作為電芯間的散熱流道,此種管材已廣泛使用於散熱器(Radiator)或熱交換器(Heat Exchanger),鋁管路焊接工藝已相當成熟。本發明使用之多孔擠製流道實施例之等角視圖與剖面圖如圖1所示,此類平面式的液冷流道適合直接用於方罐型或軟包型的電芯,無須額外執行彎折加工即可平面對平面地配合電芯表面幾何做依附散熱。該多孔擠製流道11的流道截面形狀11A可以是各種幾何圖形,其設計目的是為增加流體與金屬流道的接觸面積,例如截面可為各式多邊形或凹多邊形(Concave Polygon)。
本發明之電芯液冷排實施例示意圖如圖2所示,複數個多孔擠製流道11可依電芯間距設計組合成該電芯液冷排10,各個多孔擠製流道11之間是流道並聯架構、並與該匯流盒12相結合,該匯流盒12與該些多孔擠製流道11內部之空間互相連通、形成一冷卻液流通空間,該匯流盒12不與該些多孔擠製流道11連接之另一側可分離出一匯流盒蓋板121,匯流盒蓋板121設置一轉接頭13用以溝通流道、輸出或輸入完成熱交換之冷卻液。轉接頭13另一端可為管接頭或快拆接頭131,可方便維修人員快速拆換模組化液冷流道的各個接頭介面進行維護,該電芯液冷排實施例爆炸圖如圖3所示。
本發明之底座實施例示意圖如圖4所示,該底座20底部設有複數電芯定位槽21以容納電芯,其側邊開設有複
數多孔擠製流道定位槽22以容許該些多孔擠製流道通過,該底座20並設有複數支撐柱23,用以避免上蓋、電芯液冷排與該底座結合時,該上蓋的重量直接壓迫到該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道11、造成該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道11扭曲變形損壞之情況,亦不以壓力迫緊使電芯與多孔擠製流道11彼此緊密貼合。
將複數電芯4與該電芯液冷排10組裝至該底座20上後,接著組裝上蓋30與串並聯銅排31,形成該液冷電池模組1,組裝完成示意圖如圖5所示,該上蓋30係設有複數導熱膠注液孔32,用以將導熱膠注入該液冷電池模組內部,導熱膠會注入並填滿該電芯4與該多孔擠製流道11之間的間距(空間),形成熱傳導通道,讓電芯的熱量可以傳遞到多孔擠製流道,進而被冷卻液帶走,該間距之範圍為0.3~1.0mm,以0.7mm為較佳實施例。該液冷電池模組全元件爆炸圖如圖6所示,上蓋30與底座20係以螺絲鎖固,上蓋30與底座20內部皆有支撐柱,可避免兩層以上液冷電池模組1堆疊時、電芯4受到重力擠壓,該擠壓力係由上蓋30與底座20所承受,上蓋與底座之材質可為POM塑鋼。
本發明之一實施例中,當該液冷電池模組之電容量或電壓需擴充、但X-Z平面空間不足時,該液冷電池模組可於Y方向堆疊組裝兩層或以上,以擴充電力,且上下層之電芯數量不一定要相同。圖7係為液冷電池模組(兩層)組合示意圖,
圖8係為液冷電池模組(兩層)組合爆炸圖,兩層之液冷電池模組可藉由軟銅排5或其他撓性導線連接上下層液冷電池模組1之銅排31,達成上下層液冷電池模組1之電性串並聯,軟銅排5因具可撓性可方便上下層液冷電池模組1之組裝工作。兩層之液冷電池模組可藉由分流條6之管路做上下層液冷電池模組1之冷卻流道並聯架構,分流條6係分別連接上下層液冷電池模組1之電芯液冷排10(冷卻液流通空間),兩者之冷卻液完成匯流後,藉由轉接頭13將完成熱交換之冷卻液輸出或輸入。
藉此,本發明係提供一種液冷電池模組,本發明採用多孔鋁擠製管(Multi-Port Aluminum Extrusion Tube)製成多孔擠製流道,作為電芯間的散熱流道,並採用電芯間具流道之液冷模式,來達成快充且能有效控溫、均溫之需求。本發明之多孔擠製流道為平面式的液冷流道,適合直接用於LTO(Lithium Titanium Oxide)電芯或軟包型的電芯,無須額外執行彎折加工即可平面對平面地配合電芯表面幾何做依附散熱。本發明只需改變多孔擠製流道之排列間距、長度或面寬即可應用於不同尺寸之方罐型電芯,解決快充電池組需要高散熱能力的問題,藉由液冷散熱使電動巴士等大型電池模組在充電速度快之餘,仍保有循環壽命長之性能。
上述之實施例僅為例示性說明本發明之特點及其功效,而非用於限制本發明之實質技術內容的範圍。任何熟習此技藝之人士均可在不違背本發明之精神及範疇下,對上
述實施例進行修飾與變化。因此,本發明之權利保護範圍,應如後述之申請專利範圍所列。
1:液冷電池模組
10:電芯液冷排
20:底座
30:上蓋
31:串並聯銅排
4:電芯
Claims (10)
- 一種液冷電池模組,係包括:一電芯液冷排,其具有複數等距平行排列之多孔擠製流道,該些多孔擠製流道均連接至一匯流盒一側,該匯流盒與該些多孔擠製流道內部之空間互相連通、形成一冷卻液流通空間,該匯流盒不與該些多孔擠製流道連接之另一側係設有一轉接頭,該轉接頭係與該冷卻液流通空間互相連通;一底座,係設置於該電芯液冷排下方,該底座底部設有複數電芯定位槽、用於容納複數電芯,該些電芯並分別位於該些多孔擠製流道之間、與該些多孔擠製流道平行交錯排列;一上蓋,係設置於該電芯液冷排上方,其設有複數穿透開孔;以及複數銅排,係設置於該上蓋上方、經由該些開孔電性連接該些電芯。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該冷卻液流通空間內流通之冷卻液係為去離子水,或去離子水與乙二醇(50%/50%)混和液,或去離子水與丙二醇(60%/40%)混合液。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該電芯為方罐型或軟包型電芯。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道之間個別具有一間距,該間距為0.3~1.0mm。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該底座係設有複數支撐柱,用以避免該上蓋直接壓迫到該些電芯與該些多孔擠製流道。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該上蓋係設有複數導熱膠注液孔,用以將導熱膠注入該液冷電池模組內部
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該液冷電池模組可複數組上下堆疊設置。
- 如請求項7所述之液冷電池模組,其中該上下堆疊之複數液冷電池模組係透過一以上分流條連接彼此的轉接頭,使該些液冷電池模組之冷卻液互相流通。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該多孔擠製流道之截面形狀為多邊形或凹多邊形。
- 如請求項1所述之液冷電池模組,其中該些多孔擠製流道係穿過該匯流盒、在其內側進行焊接,來確保焊接品質維持水密,焊接工法可採雷射焊接或其它熔焊、硬銲或軟焊等方式。
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| US17/190,435 US20220285761A1 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-03 | Liquid cooling battery module |
| JP2021035461A JP7170079B2 (ja) | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-05 | 液冷電池モジュール |
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| EP3998669A1 (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-05-18 | Lilium eAircraft GmbH | Battery module with thermal management system |
| US12463283B2 (en) | 2021-10-12 | 2025-11-04 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Battery pack and vehicle including the same |
| US20230114887A1 (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-04-13 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Battery pack and vehicle including the same |
| CN115528347B (zh) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-08-04 | 重庆储安科技创新中心有限公司 | 一种电池模组以及温控方法 |
| WO2024113946A1 (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-06-06 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | 电池模组及电池包 |
| CN219917313U (zh) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-10-27 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | 液冷板及电池系统 |
| CN116487765B (zh) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-26 | 宁波齐云新材料技术有限公司 | 一种高集成度的多层锂电池pack水冷封装板及其加工方法 |
| CN116632412B (zh) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-15 | 中海巢(河北)新能源科技有限公司 | 一种可散耗电池内部热量的方型铝壳锂离子电池 |
| KR20250078140A (ko) * | 2023-11-24 | 2025-06-02 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 팩 및 이를 포함하는 자동차 |
| CN118099591B (zh) * | 2024-01-16 | 2025-02-14 | 深圳市远信储能技术有限公司 | 一种用于储能的液体冷却系统 |
| WO2025203666A1 (ja) * | 2024-03-29 | 2025-10-02 | 株式会社Subaru | バッテリパックの製造方法およびバッテリパック |
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| US8035986B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-10-11 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery cell interconnect and voltage sensing assembly and method for coupling battery cell assemblies thereto |
| US8399118B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2013-03-19 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Battery module and method for cooling the battery module |
| JP2011065907A (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-31 | Panasonic Corp | 電池モジュール及びその製造方法並びに温度調整システム |
| US8383260B2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-02-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | U-formed cooling plate with solid fins for lithium pouch cells |
| DE102010021922A1 (de) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-01 | Li-Tec Battery Gmbh | Kühlelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben; elektrochemische Energiespeichervorrichtung mit Kühlelement |
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| WO2015035406A1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Battery thermal management systems, apparatuses, and methods |
| CN104795606B (zh) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-04-26 | 微宏动力系统(湖州)有限公司 | 液冷电池组系统 |
| CN106299536A (zh) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-01-04 | 北京波士顿动力电池有限公司 | 一种用于电动汽车的可扩展式液冷电池模组 |
| KR102082906B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-10 | 2020-02-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 배터리 모듈 어셈블리 |
| CN107331920A (zh) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-07 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | 具有换热功能的电池包壳体和电池包 |
| CN207852855U (zh) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-09-11 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | 具有换热功能的电池包壳体和电池包 |
| CN107394313A (zh) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-24 | 四川国创成电池材料有限公司 | 一种阻燃电池系统 |
| CN110890494B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北斗航天汽车(北京)有限公司 | 一种带有液冷装置的电池模组及电池箱 |
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| US20220285761A1 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
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