TW201814670A - Apparatus and method of automated time reset capable of calculating the optimal traffic flow mitigation period without using the traditional traffic-light analysis software - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method of an automated time reset, which provides the front end of at least one lane in each time phase with a plurality of sensing devices, and detects the vehicular sensing time of each vehicle in the lane during the total sensing time and sends same to the processor, which adds a fine turing time to each vehicular sensing time to generate a plurality of vehicle mitigation times, and adds the plurality of vehicle mitigation times together to generate a traffic flow mitigation time, and after dividing the traffic flow mitigation time by the total sensing time to produce a ratio, the ratio is inputted into the equation for the optimal traffic flow mitigation period, and then the period time for an optimal traffic flow mitigation is produced and the green light for each time phase is also calculated. Therefore, the present invention calculates the total required time by recording the traffic flow, that is, calculates the optimal traffic flow mitigation period and the time for green light of each time phase, which can avoid errors caused by the use of the traditional traffic-light analysis software for calculation and reduce the uncertainties.

Description

Automatic time system reforming device and method

The invention relates to a technology for planning a traffic signal cycle and a phase green light time, in particular to an automatic time system reforming device and a method for effectively calculating the closest to actual actual conditions.

The intersection is one of the most tolerant places for conflicts and traffic accidents in the ballast system. At extremely small and wide-view intersections, traffic lights may not be set to allow drivers to pass through the intersection according to traffic rules and their own judgment. When gradually increasing, you can use traffic lights to assign rights to traffic in different directions.

The design requirements for the time ratio, time phase, time difference, and period of the traffic light signals are called time system, but 不 proper traffic light time system design, such as improper allocation of cycle time of various signal lights, will cause necessary delays . Traffic conditions at intersections often change with urban development. For example, new hypermarkets, department stores, or new residential buildings have been set up nearby to introduce new traffic. Therefore, every one or two years, how to define the time of the optimal traffic flow relief cycle in response to changes in traffic flow to calculate the phase green time of each sign light is a very important part of the time reforming work.

The current design method of traffic lights and clocks is roughly divided and can be divided into adaptive signal control systems and traditional time reforming signal control systems. Among them, the adaptive signal control system has mobility and adaptive signal control. The system is equipped with sensors on each lane that is in the center of time, to detect vehicles that are waiting and being occupied by the sensors, and to judge the current status of the current traffic flow, and then use the intersection sign The optimization software performs calculations, which can effectively allocate the traffic light time bands in various directions at the intersection, and also provide relevant information to be returned to the traffic control center. This will promote smoother traffic and improve the overall road network operation performance. Although the adaptive signal control system is highly efficient, it requires long-term installation of many sensors at the intersection to control the traffic signal, and it continues to detect and calculate. The cost of construction and maintenance is very high. State finance can support. Therefore, at present, more than 90% of traffic signal systems in the world and domestic use the traditional low-cost fixed-time signal control system. However, the traditional time-based signal control method will vary after a fixed period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to perform regular time reforming.

The traditional time-reforming system of traffic lights can perform the following steps. First, an optimal traffic flow is used to relieve the periodic equation to calculate the optimal cycle of traffic lights at the intersection, and Webster in the periodic equation is relieved with the optimal traffic. Webster) equation as an example, as follows: among them Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of car flow to saturation relief flow per hour per hour; L is the total loss time of each cycle; Department is Sum. Among them, the saturation relief flow is the maximum amount of relief that the team passes through the stop line after the start of the flood light. The headway of the saturation relief flow is called the saturation time margin, and the unit is second per car. The hourly squadron dissolution amount is called the saturation relief rate, which is the number obtained by dividing 3600 seconds by the distance in the saturation time. The lost time includes the sum of the starting lost time and the clearing interval. The clearing time is when the traffic lights are over. In order to allow the traffic that has entered the intersection to continue to pass, the clearance time is used to provide the next phase of the traffic lights. The time of use is generally divided into yellow light time and full red time; the starting loss time is the time when the team stopped at the intersection due to the red light. The time required from the beginning of the light to the time when the team passed the gate at a normal speed .

Next, please refer to the first figure, so in order to obtain the value of calculating the optimal traffic flow relief period, it must go to step S50, to the actual scene at the intersection (1) the flow of big cars, small cars, locomotives in the lane per hour and their steering (Turn left, go straight, turn right), (2) the lane configuration at the intersection, the number of lanes, and record the lane for straight, right, or left, etc. (3) the phase content and the red and yellow phases , Green light time, (4) saturation of each lane to relieve traffic, (5) cycle loss time, etc. All the methods of recording mentioned above can only use manual statistics, and it is totally impossible to apply machines to obtain the above data automatically. After the data is actually collected at the scene, various calculations must be performed to generate the traffic cycle seconds. For example, in step S52, the intersection geometry is manually created on the computer to restore the intersection configuration and the current lane status. Then, the method proceeds to step S54, and at the same time, the total of the traffic volume obtained in the previous survey is redistributed to each lane through manual input.

Go to step S56. According to the conversion table through the computer, it is a conversion table provided by the Ministry of Transport. The conversion table is used to convert the traffic volume into the equivalent number of passenger cars. At this time, the total traffic volume, large vehicles, The traffic flow ratio of cars and locomotives is converted based on the equivalent of different passenger cars that turn left, go straight, and turn right. This generates traffic equivalent to cars on the entire road, and selects the equivalent in the lanes in each direction in the same phase. The one with the highest conversion value; then proceeds to step S58, and calculates the ratio of the traffic volume of the person with the highest equivalent conversion value to the saturated traffic volume. Then enter step S59 to bring the ratio of traffic volume to saturated vehicle flow into the optimal vehicle flow relief cycle equation to calculate the optimal vehicle flow relief cycle; then proceed to step S60 to relieve the cycle and vehicle according to the optimal traffic flow. The ratio of the flow rate to the saturated vehicle flow rate is used to calculate the green light time of each phase. Go to step S62 and compare the calculated value by manually entering the vehicle flow simulation software in the computer for simulation comparison. If there is an error, you may need to go back and adjust the lane configuration. For example, although the scene geometry is two lanes, the driver often travels in three lanes. After simulation and comparison, the driver can enter the number controller through human power. Finally, the process proceeds to step S64, and the user then goes to the on-site intersection to actually test and judge according to manpower. Whether the previously calculated cycle is in line with actual benefits, with manual adjustment steps. Among them, steps S50 to S54 and steps S62 to S64 can only be performed manually, and cannot be operated automatically by a machine, so it is quite labor-intensive.

In addition, because the previous technology must use human power to the scene to actually calculate the proportion of vehicle types and traffic volume in each lane when counting vehicle traffic, the recorded data may be missing due to poor weather or human absence during the survey. . In addition, there may also be a loss when converting into a passenger car equivalent at step S56. For example, if a locomotive is converted into a car, it means that the locomotive is behind the car and escapes from the stop line. However, the locomotive may actually be in parallel with the vehicle Solution, or the buses are different in shape, and cannot be converted with the same equivalent. Therefore, the estimated cycle time and green light time of each phase using the calculated number of converted cars may be extremely different from the actual situation. The drop is generally high. Furthermore, the traffic flow survey is to record the total number of left-turn, straight-forward, and right-turn vehicles in each lane in the same direction, and then equally distribute them back to the lane. For example, when investing in two lanes of direct traffic, a total of 500 vehicles are allocated to the two lanes. 250 units each. This average distribution is far from the actual situation.

In view of this, the present invention proposes an automatic time system reforming device and method for the lack of the conventional technology, which can use a sensing device to sense the elapsed time of the vehicle in a short period of time, and then use an algorithm to calculate the optimal vehicle. The flow relief cycle time can replace the traditional time-consuming and labor-intensive manual operation process to achieve the goal of low cost and high precision control. In other words, the invention starts to install the sensing device during the intersection timing reforming. The automatic sampling is performed when the timing reforming is completed. After the timing reforming is automatically completed, the sensing device can be removed in order to continue to the next need for automatic timing. Restructuring at the crossroads to effectively overcome these problems.

The main object of the present invention is to provide an automatic time-reformation device and method, which can accurately calculate the optimal vehicle flow relief period by automatically recording the flow of each phase and the elapsed time of the vehicle. It can effectively automate the operation, and can avoid using the value of the equivalent scale to convert various vehicles into small passenger vehicle equivalents. It can avoid the calculation of the optimal traffic flow and relieve the error caused by the cycle. It can effectively reduce the uncertain factors.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method for automatic system reforming without the need to manually record the traffic flow of each lane, the proportion of vehicle types, and the flow of straight, left and right lanes by using humans to the intersection site. It is not necessary to convert each vehicle type into a passenger car equivalent, which can effectively avoid a great difference from the actual situation when the equivalent conversion occurs, thereby affecting the value calculated by the optimal traffic flow relief cycle.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic time reforming device, which is provided with a plurality of sensing devices respectively installed at the front end of at least one lane in each phase to sense each vehicle in the lane. The required relief time, in which the method steps of calculating the optimal cycle for traffic relief include: capturing and recording the time that each vehicle passes the sensing device in each time period within a total sensing time to generate each A vehicle sensing time; adding a vehicle tuning time that is less than a preset time plus a trim time to generate multiple vehicle relief times; then adding all vehicle relief times to generate a total traffic relief time; Divide the total traffic relief time by the total sensing time to produce a ratio of traffic relief time to total sensing time ; Bringing the ratio of the traffic flow relief time to the total sensing time into an optimal traffic flow relief cycle equation to produce the optimal traffic flow relief cycle time. The optimal traffic flow relief period equation is as follows: among them Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time for each phase of traffic; L is the lost time for each cycle; T is complex A, b, and c are constants; finally, the optimal traffic flow is used to relieve the cycle time, and then a green light time equation is calculated to calculate the green light time of each phase.

In addition, the present invention also provides a method for automatic time system reformation, including a processor, a database, and a plurality of sensing devices, wherein the sensing devices are respectively aligned with the front ends of the stop lines of at least one lane in each phase to sense The time that each vehicle in the lane passes the sensing device is measured to generate a plurality of vehicle sensing times; a processor signal is connected to the sensing device to receive a vehicle sensing time sensed in a total sensing time, which will be less than one Add a fine-tuning time to the vehicle sensing time at the preset time to make it the vehicle relief time. Add the vehicle relief times to generate a traffic relief time, and then divide the traffic relief time by the total sensing time. Time to generate a ratio of traffic flow relief time to total sensing time, bring the ratio of traffic flow relief time to total sensing time into the optimal traffic flow relief cycle equation to generate an optimal traffic flow relief cycle time . The optimal traffic flow relief period equation is as follows: among them Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time for each phase of traffic; L is the lost time for each cycle; Is plural A, b, and c are constants. After calculating the optimal vehicle flow relief cycle time, you can use the optimal vehicle flow relief cycle time to bring in a green light time equation to calculate the green light time for each phase. .

Detailed descriptions will be provided below through specific embodiments to make it easier to understand the purpose, technical content, features and effects of the present invention.

The present invention is used to calculate the length of the optimal traffic flow relief cycle. Please refer to the second and third figures. As shown in the figure, the device 1 for calculating the optimal traffic relief cycle of the present invention includes a processor 10 The plurality of sensing devices 12 are electrically or signal-connected. The plurality of sensing devices 12 can be arranged in each time phase, at the front end of at least one lane. As shown in the second figure, this embodiment exemplifies that the sensing device 12 is disposed at On the traffic light 40, each sensing device 12 is aligned with each time phase, and the front end of each lane stop line 20 is used to sense each vehicle in the lane passing the sensing device 12; A sensing device 12 is installed on one of the lanes in a time phase, but at this time, the sensing device 12 must be installed in a lane with the most traffic in the phase. How to know that the lane with the most traffic is obtained from historical data analysis. Or go to the site to observe the results. The sensing device 12 may be an infrared sensing device, an image sensing device, or a radar sensing device. In this embodiment, the sensing device 12 is a radar sensing device. Therefore, the time when an object is detected by the radar can be continuously sensed. Thus, the time that each vehicle passes the sensing device 12 is obtained. A traffic signal control box 30 is also provided at the intersection to provide the number of seconds for inputting the red, yellow and green lights to control the traffic lights.

The processor 10 is installed in a computer device 16. After capturing the vehicle sensing time of the sensing device 12, it can be transmitted to the computer's processor 10 by wire or wirelessly, and the processor 10 is provided for calculation. Example: The computer device 16 is installed in the traffic signal control box 30, and is connected to the traffic signal control box 30 by a signal. The optimal vehicle flow relief cycle equation for this example is as follows: Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time for each phase of traffic; L is the lost time for each cycle; Department is The sum of; a, b, and c are all constants. Among them, a, b, and c can provide users to adjust according to the constant state required by the current traffic flow, so that the calculation can be closer to the actual traffic flow relief period. To make the description of the embodiment clearer, Webers The Webster equation is taken as an example, where a = 1.5; b = 5; c = 0, as follows:

Finally, the processor 10 receives a plurality of vehicle relief times generated by the sensing device 12 and uses the optimal traffic flow to relieve the periodic equation to calculate and generate an optimal traffic flow to relieve the cycle time. The traffic flow relief cycle time is calculated according to the proportion of the traffic flow relief time of each phase to calculate the green light time of each phase.

After the use structure of the present invention has been described above, the method flow of calculating the optimal period for traffic relief of the present invention will be described in detail, and how the processor 10 calculates the optimal period for traffic relief will be described in detail. Please refer to the second to fourth figures. The fourth figure is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, first enter step S10 and refer to the fifth figure. The total time of a sensing interval through the sensing device 12 Here, in this embodiment, for example, within one hour, the time of each vehicle passing through the sensing device 12 in time phases A, B, C, and D is captured and recorded to generate each time phase A, B, C, and D respectively. The sensing time of a plurality of vehicles, where the sensing time of the vehicle may change due to different factors such as a left turn, a right turn, or going straight. Generally speaking, a turning vehicle will take more time than a straight driving. For example, a corresponding sensing device 12 is provided on each lane. Therefore, in the calculation, it is necessary to capture the plurality of vehicle sensing times of the lanes with the most traffic in each phase A, B, C, and D. Of course, if previously When knowing the lanes with maximum traffic in each of phases A, B, C, and D, the sensing device 12 can be installed only in the lanes with maximum traffic in each of phases A, B, C, and D. Take this action; then proceed to step S12 and refer to the sixth figure at the same time, as shown in the figure As shown. Because the sensing device 12 also has an error at the vehicle detection point, after capturing the plurality of vehicle sensing times of the maximum traffic flow in each phase A, B, C, and D, each of the plurality of vehicles in each phase is sensed. The time is corrected by adding a fine-tuning time to the vehicles with a plurality of vehicle sensing times less than a preset time to generate a plurality of vehicles to relieve the time. Since the vehicles do not stick to each other, they must be moved between the vehicle and the vehicle. A fine-tuning time is reserved between cars to avoid errors; then step S14 is performed to add the plural vehicle relief time and the plural interval time to generate a traffic flow relief time.

Therefore, the use of the sensing device 12 to obtain the traffic flow relief time can replace the previous traffic volume, vehicle type, and the direction of the vehicle's forward direction as straight, left or right, etc., and bring in the best traffic relief. The value of the periodic equation, so the vehicle flow relief time sensed by the sensing device 12 is used to replace the past value and the complicated calculation method. In addition to automatically recording the value, avoiding the use of manpower to the intersection record due to bad weather or other reasons Irresistible factors, in addition to the errors caused by manpower in recording various values, can also avoid the unsatisfactory preset values when converting into passenger car equivalents, which may cause the calculated conversion value to differ greatly from the actual situation. And all of the above can be processed automatically by the machine without human intervention, which can effectively reduce the cost and improve the accuracy of the calculated values.

Next, referring to step S16, divide the traffic flow relief time of the highest traffic flow lane by the total sensing time for each phase A, B, C, and D, respectively, to generate four traffic flow relief times and total sensing time. ratio , , In this embodiment, for example, the sensing vehicle sensing time is one hour, so the total sensing time is one hour. Finally, the process proceeds to step S18, and the processor 10 retrieves the equation of the optimal traffic flow relief period in the database 14. And the ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time , , In the equation for bringing in the optimal traffic flow relief period, the equation for the optimal traffic flow relief period illustrated in this embodiment is as follows: Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , , The ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time for each phase of traffic; L is the lost time for each cycle; Department is The sum of a; a, b, and c are constants, which can be adjusted according to the user's current needs to produce the optimal time for the traffic flow relief cycle.

Finally, the method proceeds to step S20. After calculating the optimal traffic flow relief period, the phase red light and green light time can be calculated through the optimal traffic flow relief period. The method of calculating the green light time is to reduce the optimal traffic flow to the cycle time. Enter a green light time equation to calculate the green light time for each phase. The green light time equation is as follows: ; ; ; ;

among them Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the relief time to the total sensing time for each phase of traffic; L is the lost time for each cycle; Department is sum; Is the total green time; , ... Green light time for each phase separately; Therefore, through the above equation, the time of the effective green light in each phase can be calculated to generate the green light in each phase. The yellow light time is a fixed time, and the red light time is the total of the green light and the yellow light in addition to its own phase. time. After calculating the time seconds of the red light, green light and yellow light, the processor 10 directly inputs the time seconds of the red light, green light and yellow light into the traffic signal control box 30 to perform the actual intersection traffic light signal. Detect to fine-tune the number of cycle seconds of each time phase according to the actual traffic situation. Of course, after the time seconds of the red light, green light, and yellow light generated by the processor 10, the time seconds of the red light, green light, and yellow light can also be manually input to the traffic signal control box 30, which is not limited thereto.

To sum up, the present invention is an automatic time reforming device and method thereof, which provides a plurality of sensing devices installed at the front end of at least one lane in each phase, and senses the lanes within the total sensing time. The vehicle sensing time of each vehicle is stored in the processor. The processor adds a fine tuning time to the vehicles with a vehicle sensing time that is less than a preset time, and then adds all the vehicle sensing time and the fine tuning time to generate a vehicle relief time. In order to generate a ratio of the traffic flow relief time to the total sensing time, the optimal traffic flow relief cycle equation is brought in, the optimal traffic flow relief cycle time is generated, and the green time of each phase is calculated. Therefore, the present invention can automatically record the traffic flow of each phase and the elapsed time of the vehicle, that is, it can accurately calculate the optimal traffic flow relief cycle, which can effectively automate the operation, without the need to manually record the traffic volume of each lane at the intersection site. Vehicle flow, vehicle type ratio, straight, left and right lane traffic, etc., and can avoid the use of passenger car equivalent scale values, convert various vehicles into passenger car equivalents, can avoid the calculation of the optimal vehicle flow relief cycle The resulting errors can effectively reduce uncertainties and avoid double calculations and repeated verifications.

The foregoing are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equal changes or modifications made according to the features and spirit described in the scope of the application of the present invention shall be included in the scope of patent application of the present invention.

1‧‧‧ Device for calculating the best cycle for traffic relief

10‧‧‧ processor

12‧‧‧ sensing device

14‧‧‧Database

16‧‧‧Computer device

20‧‧‧ stop line

30‧‧‧Traffic Signal Control Box

40‧‧‧ traffic lights

A‧‧‧phase

B‧‧‧ Phase

C‧‧‧phase

D‧‧‧ Phase

The first diagram is a flowchart of the steps of a conventional method for calculating the optimal cycle of traffic relief. The second figure is a schematic view of the intersection of the invention designing the best cycle device for traffic relief at the intersection. The third figure is a block diagram of the device for calculating the optimal cycle of traffic relief according to the present invention. The fourth figure is a flowchart of the steps of the method for calculating the optimal period of traffic relief of the present invention. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the vehicle sensing time of the method for calculating the optimal cycle of traffic relief according to the present invention. The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of the vehicle sensing time plus the fine-tuning time of the method for calculating the best cycle of traffic relief according to the present invention.

Claims (10)

An automatic time reforming method includes providing a plurality of sensing devices respectively installed at the front end of at least one lane in each phase to sense each vehicle in the lane. The method steps of the automatic time reforming include : Capture and record at least one time period of each vehicle passing through the sensing device within a total sensing time to generate a plurality of vehicle sensing times; the vehicles that are less than a preset time The sensing time plus a fine-tuning time generates multiple vehicle relief times; adding these vehicle relief times to generate a traffic relief time; dividing the traffic relief time by the total sensing time to produce The ratio of the traffic flow relief time to the total sensing time; and bringing the ratio of the traffic flow relief time to the total sensing time into an optimal traffic flow relief cycle equation to generate the optimal traffic flow relief cycle time. The method of automatic time reforming as described in claim 1, wherein the optimal traffic flow relief period equation is as follows: Where the Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; The … The The ratio of the relief time of the traffic flow to the total sensing time for each phase; the L is the lost time for each cycle; the Is for Sum; the a, the b, and the c are constants. The method of automatic time reforming as described in claim 1, further comprising bringing the optimal traffic flow relief cycle time into a green light time equation to calculate at least one green light time of the phase, wherein the green light time equation As follows: ; ; ; ; Where the Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the relief time of the vehicle flow to the total sensing time for each phase; the L is the lost time for each cycle; the Is for Sum; the Is the total green time; the The … The The green time for each of these phases. The automatic time-based reforming method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing devices are infrared sensing devices, image sensing devices, or radar sensing devices. The automatic time reforming method as described in claim 4, wherein the sensing devices are installed on a traffic light. An automatic time reforming device includes: a plurality of sensing devices respectively installed at the front end of at least one lane in each phase to sense the time that each vehicle in the lane passes the sensing device to generate a plurality of vehicle senses; Measuring time; a processor that signals the sensing devices to receive the vehicle sensing time sensed in the total sensing time, and increases the vehicle sensing time less than a preset time by a fine-tuning time, Generate multiple vehicle relief times, add these vehicle relief times, generate a traffic relief time, and divide the traffic relief time by the total sensing time to generate a traffic relief time and sense. After measuring the total time ratio, an optimal vehicle flow relief period equation is used and the ratio of the vehicle flow relief time to the total sensing time is brought in to generate an optimal vehicle flow relief cycle time. The automatic time reforming device as described in claim 6, wherein the optimal traffic flow relief period equation is as follows: Where the Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; The … The The ratio of the relief time of the traffic flow to the total sensing time for each phase; the L is the lost time for each cycle; the T is the Sum of the; a, b, and c are constants. The automatic time reforming device according to claim 6, wherein the database further includes a green light time equation, and the processor brings the optimal traffic flow relief cycle time into the green light time equation to calculate at least A green light time of the phase, wherein the green light time equation is as follows: ; ; ; ; Where the Is the length of time for the best traffic relief cycle; , ... The ratio of the traffic flow relief time to the total sensing time for each phase; the L is the lost time for each cycle; the T is the Sum; the Is the total green time; the The … The The green time for each of these phases. The automatic time reforming device according to claim 6, wherein the sensing devices are infrared sensing devices, image sensing devices, or radar sensing devices. The automatic time reforming device as described in claim 9, wherein the sensing devices are installed on a traffic light.