TW201710615A - Pneumatically adjustable continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuously variable transmission (CVT) comprising: a V-pulley (2) that includes at least one axially movable conical disk (21); an adjusting device (5) for adjusting a position of the axially movable conical disk (21); and a control unit (6) designed to actuate the adjusting device (5) in order to change the position of the axially movable conical disk (21). The adjusting device (5) is a pneumatic adjusting device that moves the axially movable conical disk (21) by a pneumatic force.

Description

Pneumatically adjustable CVT-transmission

The present invention relates to a pneumatically adjustable CVT-transmission (infinitely adjustable transmission), in particular for small vehicles, such as two-wheelers, tricycles, quad or snowmobiles, and an internal combustion engine and a vehicle.

Different designs of CVT-transmissions are known from the prior art. With a continuously variable transmission, a suitable gear ratio can be achieved in the vehicle compared to a transmission with a fixed gear. A particular field of application for such CVT-transmissions is small vehicles such as two-wheelers, tricycles (so-called spurs), snowmobiles, quads (four-wheeled all-terrain vehicles) or scooters. In the case of such a CVT-transmission, a centrifugal force regulator is typically used to adjust the position of the belt on the pair of tapered washers. In this case, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force adjuster moves its radial position according to the rotational speed, thereby changing the axial distance between the two tapered washers, thereby changing the transmission of the transmission. A disadvantage of such a device is that it is not possible to actively control or adjust the transmission of the CVT-transmission drive. In this case, it is advantageous to use a simple solution for controllable or adjustable intervention of the transmission of the CVT-transmission, which can be used in particular in small vehicles.

The CVT-drive device of the present invention having the features of claim 1 The advantage of this is that the vehicle's emission characteristics, driving dynamics and fuel consumption can be effectively improved because of the controllable or adjustable intervention of the gear ratio of the CVT-transmission. Therefore, the driving performance can be significantly improved particularly in terms of the driving dynamics from the standstill acceleration and the acceleration of the running vehicle. To this end, according to the invention, an adjustment device for adjusting the position of the axially movable tapered gasket is provided. The adjustment device is a pneumatic adjustment device that adjusts the axially movable tapered gasket by aerodynamic forces. This allows the CVT-transmission to be operated at the optimum operating point. The adjustment device includes a pneumatic chamber disposed on a bottom surface of the axially movable tapered gasket. In this case, the bottom surface of the axially movable tapered gasket is the surface that does not contact the containment member of the CVT-transmission. Thus, the axial movement of the tapered gasket is caused by changing the pressure in the pneumatic chamber. Thus, the axially movable tapered gasket itself adjusts the transmission in a manner similar to the action of the piston. This makes it possible in particular to keep the number of parts to a small extent.

These sub-items show a preferred refinement of the invention.

The pneumatic chamber is preferably defined by the bottom surface of the axially movable tapered gasket and the cylinder element having the bottom. This makes it possible to implement a simple and low cost structure.

The cylinder member is preferably coupled in some manner to the axially movable tapered gasket such that the cylinder member rotates co-rotating with the axially movable tapered gasket. Therefore, the pneumatic chamber defined by the axially movable tapered gasket and the cylinder element also rotates.

The axially movable tapered gasket is preferably axially movable on a sleeve. The sleeve is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, in particular a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine.

The pneumatic adjustment device preferably includes a pneumatic reservoir. The pneumatic reservoir can be operated by overpressure or underpressure. That is, there is an overpressure in the pneumatic reservoir for adjusting the CVT-transmission, or alternatively, there is a negative pressure for adjusting the CVT-transmission.

The pneumatic adjustment device is preferably arranged to adjust the axially movable conical spacer by a negative pressure. Therefore, when a pneumatic reservoir is used, it is preferred to maintain a negative pressure in the pneumatic reservoir.

Further preferably, the pneumatic reservoir is connected to the negative pressure source through a connecting tube. In this case, a check valve is preferably arranged in the connecting pipe to block the connecting pipe. The check valve is preferably automatically closed and can be adjusted to the desired ratio.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a pneumatic line for supplying an overpressure and/or a negative pressure to the pneumatic chamber is arranged in such a way as to pass through the pair of tapered washers. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly compact construction. In this case, the pneumatic line preferably extends through the crankshaft.

The CVT-transmission device preferably has a centrifugal force weight that is moved in accordance with the rotational speed of the spacers so that the transmission transmission is fine-tuned only by the pneumatic adjustment device of the present invention.

The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a CVT-transmission device of the invention. The internal combustion engine preferably includes at least one cylinder and a suction tube leading to the cylinder, wherein the suction tube is coupled to the pneumatic adjustment of the CVT-transmission to provide an aerodynamic force for adjusting the CVT-transmission. Wherein the suction tube is preferably connected to the pneumatic chamber. Thus, the negative pressure can be used to pneumatically adjust the CVT-transmission device by using the suction pipe. This is particularly advantageous because in the internal combustion engine with the suction pipe there is inherently a negative pressure which can be used in a complementary manner for adjusting the transmission of the CVT transmission.

The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising the CVT-transmission device of the invention and/or the internal combustion engine of the invention.

The vehicle preferably has a frame, in particular a vehicle tube or a vehicle tube set, which is constructed as a pneumatic reservoir. For this purpose, a hollow frame is provided, in which an overpressure or a negative pressure can be used as A pneumatic reservoir is provided for providing aerodynamic forces for adjusting the CVT-transmission. This is particularly advantageous when using a two-wheeled or tricycle that typically has such a hollow frame. In this way, other components for the pneumatic reservoir are required, but only a partial section of the hollow tube or the like is required to be hermetically sealed for use as a pneumatic reservoir.

The vehicle of the present invention is preferably a small vehicle, particularly a two- or three-wheeled vehicle or a quad or snowmobile or scooter or the like.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1‧‧‧CVT-transmission

2‧‧‧Conical gasket pair

3‧‧‧ centrifugal force components

5‧‧‧Adjustment device

6‧‧‧Control unit

7‧‧‧ Negative pressure storage

8‧‧‧Adjustment valve

9‧‧‧Sucking tube

10‧‧‧ Internal combustion engine

11‧‧‧ crankshaft

12‧‧‧Inclusive components

13‧‧‧ driven components

14‧‧‧Shell

15‧‧‧Pneumatic room

16‧‧‧pipe

17‧‧‧pipes, pneumatic lines

18‧‧‧ check valve

19‧‧‧ Environment

20‧‧‧Cone gasket

21‧‧‧Conical gasket

22‧‧‧ bottom

50‧‧‧Pneumatic room

51‧‧‧Cylinder components

52‧‧‧ bottom

53‧‧‧ Sealing device

54‧‧‧Outer sleeve

55‧‧‧Inner sleeve

57‧‧‧ bearing

80‧‧‧Reversing valve

81‧‧‧Reversing valve

A‧‧‧ arrow

X-X‧‧‧ axial

1 is a schematic view of a CVT-transmission device for a small vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the CVT-transmission device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a regulating valve according to the first embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a trim valve in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A CVT-transmission device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, that is, a continuously adjustable continuously variable transmission, will now be described in detail with reference to Figs.

As shown in FIG. 1, the CVT-transmission device 1 includes a tapered gasket pair 2 having a fixed tapered washer 20 and an axially movable tapered washer 21. A second tapered spacer pair is provided as the driven element 13. The two conical spacers are connected in a conventional manner through the containment member 12, in particular the drive belt.

The first tapered spacer pair 2 is disposed on the crankshaft 11 of the internal combustion engine 10. In this case Next, the crankshaft 11 is connected to a conical gasket 20 that is fixed in position.

The CVT-transmission 1 also includes a centrifugal force element 3 which is arranged on an axially movable conical spacer 21. In this embodiment, the centrifugal force element 3 is a sphere. As an alternative, a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder or the like can also be used. In this case, the centrifugal force element 3 is arranged on the bottom surface 22 of the axially movable conical spacer 21.

In order to adjust the axial position of the axially movable tapered washer 21, a pneumatic adjustment device 5 is provided. The adjustment device 5 comprises a pneumatic chamber 50 which is arranged on the bottom surface 22 of the axially movable conical gasket. Furthermore, the pneumatic chamber 50 is limited by a cylinder element 51 having a bottom 52 (see Figure 2). A sealing device 53, such as an O-ring or the like, is disposed between the axially movable tapered washer 21 and the cylinder member 51.

The cylinder element 51 is rotated together with the axially movable conical spacer 21 by this arrangement.

In this case, the axially movable tapered washer 21 is fixed to the outer sleeve 54, which is arranged to be movable on the inner sleeve 55 and movable in the axial direction X-X.

As further shown in FIG. 1, the suction tube 9 of the internal combustion engine 10 is connected to the negative pressure reservoir 7 through the first line 16. Therein, a check valve 18 is arranged in the first line 16. The second line 17 is provided as an inlet to the pneumatic chamber 50 for the pressure in the negative pressure reservoir 7. An adjustment valve 8 is arranged in the second line 17. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the adjustment valve 8. The adjustment valve 8 is adjusted by the control unit 6 in accordance with the desired gear ratio of the CVT-transmission.

In this embodiment, the adjustment valve 8 is a 3/3 reversing valve, wherein the adjustment valve 8 can be connected to the negative pressure reservoir 7 on the one hand and to the environment 19 (ambient pressure) on the other hand. As shown in Figure 3, the third position is the closed position of the adjustment valve 8.

In the case where the regulating valve 8 connects the negative pressure accumulator 7 with the pneumatic chamber 50, the pressure in the pneumatic chamber 50 is lowered, so that the axially movable conical spacer 21 moves axially in the direction of the arrow A (Fig. 2). . In this case, the axially movable tapered washer 21 moves inside the cylinder member 51, which is rotatably arranged, but is not arranged to be movable in the axial direction X-X. This increases the distance between the axially movable tapered washer 21 and the positionally fixed tapered washer 20 such that the drive belt moves further toward the crankshaft 11.

In this case, the distance between the axially movable tapered washer 21 and the positionally fixed tapered washer 20 is reduced by briefly opening the trim valve 8 for establishing a connection with the environment 19.

In this embodiment, the second conduit 17 is arranged in a manner such that the second conduit 17 communicates from the bottom surface of the axially movable tapered gasket 21 to the pneumatic chamber 15. According to another aspect, for example, a line can pass through the crankshaft 11 and be connected to the pneumatic chamber 15 from the inside.

The crankshaft 11 is supported on the housing 14 by bearings 57.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the negative pressure in the suction pipe 9 of the internal combustion engine 10 can be used as a pneumatic energy source for adjusting the transmission of the CVT-transmission device. In this case, the pressure level in the suction pipe 9 depends on the position of the throttle valve tongue and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, in the operation of the internal combustion engine, the supply of the negative pressure of the negative pressure accumulator 7 can be continuously ensured. This makes it easy and safe to adjust the axially movable tapered washer 21 by aerodynamic forces. Reset can be achieved by ambient pressure.

Furthermore, the size and weight of the centrifugal force element 3 can also be reduced by about 20% by adjusting the transmission by negative pressure. This makes it possible in particular to achieve a significant weight reduction of the CVT-actuating device 1 compared to the prior art.

The negative pressure reservoir 7 is preferably arranged in the cavity of the vehicle. For this reason, there is a need for other space for the vacuum storage in the vehicle.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the adjustment device 5 is arranged on the primary side of the CVT-transmission, i.e. on the input side. As an alternative, the adjustment device can also be arranged on the secondary side of the CVT-transmission device, that is to say on the output element 13. Further alternatively, an adjustment device is disposed on the primary side and the secondary side.

In this way, the efficiency of the CVT-transmission device 1 can be improved by the precise adjustment of the transmission of the transmission device of the present invention, which has a positive effect on exhaust emissions, driving dynamics and fuel consumption.

Figure 4 shows an alternative design of the trim valve 8, which in this embodiment comprises two 2/2 directional valves 80, 81. Therein, one of the two 2/2 directional valves is disposed between the negative pressure reservoir 7 and the pneumatic chamber 50, and the other of the two 2/2 directional valves is disposed between the pneumatic chamber 50 and the environment 19.

The invention is particularly useful for small vehicles such as two-wheelers or tricycles or quad or snowmobiles or the like.

1‧‧‧CVT-transmission

2‧‧‧Conical gasket pair

3‧‧‧ centrifugal force components

5‧‧‧Adjustment device

6‧‧‧Control unit

7‧‧‧ Negative pressure storage

8‧‧‧Adjustment valve

9‧‧‧Sucking tube

10‧‧‧ Internal combustion engine

11‧‧‧ crankshaft

12‧‧‧Inclusive components

13‧‧‧ driven components

16‧‧‧pipe

17‧‧‧pipes, pneumatic lines

18‧‧‧ check valve

19‧‧‧ Environment

20‧‧‧Cone gasket

21‧‧‧Conical gasket

50‧‧‧Pneumatic room

Claims (14)

A CVT-transmission device comprising: a pair of tapered gaskets (2) having at least one axially movable tapered gasket (21); for adjusting the position of the axially movable tapered gasket (21) An adjustment device (5); and a control unit (6) arranged to operate the adjustment device (5) to change the position of the axially movable conical spacer (21), wherein the adjustment device (5) A pneumatic chamber (50) is disposed on the bottom surface (22) of the axially movable tapered gasket (21) to effect the axial direction (XX) by changing the pressure in the pneumatic chamber (50) Axial movement of the axially movable tapered gasket (21). The CVT-transmission device of claim 1, wherein the pneumatic chamber (50) transmits the bottom surface (22) of the axially movable tapered gasket (21) and the cylinder member having the bottom portion (52). (51) is defined. A CVT-transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cylinder element (51) rotates together with the axially movable tapered washer (21). A CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axially movable conical spacer (21) is arranged on the outer sleeve (54). A CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims further comprising a source of negative pressure, in particular a suction tube (9), which can be connected to the pneumatic chamber (50). A CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a regulating valve (8), wherein the control unit (6) is arranged such that the pneumatic chamber is adjusted by adjusting the regulating valve (8) The level of stress in ). A CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims, also for use in the pneumatic The chamber (50) is supplied with a pneumatic line (17), wherein the pneumatic line (17) passes through the axially movable tapered gasket (21). A CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a centrifugal force element (3), the centrifugal force elements being arranged on the axially movable conical gasket (21). An internal combustion engine comprising a CVT-transmission device according to any of the preceding claims. An internal combustion engine according to claim 9 includes at least one suction pipe (9) leading to a cylinder, wherein the suction pipe (9) is connected to a pneumatic adjusting device (5) of the CVT-transmission device for providing The aerodynamic force of the axially movable conical gasket (21) is axially adjusted. An internal combustion engine according to the above-mentioned claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the suction pipe (9) is connected to the negative pressure accumulator (7). A vehicle comprising a CVT-transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and/or an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 9 to 11. A vehicle as claimed in claim 12 also includes a frame, in particular a vehicle tube, which is constructed as a negative pressure reservoir (7). A vehicle according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the vehicle is a small vehicle, in particular a two-wheeled or three-wheeled vehicle or a Quad or snowmobile.