TW201302046A - 具鋁冷卻體的陶瓷電路板 - Google Patents

具鋁冷卻體的陶瓷電路板 Download PDF

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TW201302046A
TW201302046A TW101111615A TW101111615A TW201302046A TW 201302046 A TW201302046 A TW 201302046A TW 101111615 A TW101111615 A TW 101111615A TW 101111615 A TW101111615 A TW 101111615A TW 201302046 A TW201302046 A TW 201302046A
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circuit board
cooling body
lower side
metal
upper side
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Alexander Dohn
Alfred Thimm
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Ceramtec Gmbh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/80—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with pins or wires
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/502—Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components
    • F21V29/508—Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of electrical circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/85—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems characterised by the material
    • F21V29/86—Ceramics or glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/85—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems characterised by the material
    • F21V29/89—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
    • H01L23/3677—Wire-like or pin-like cooling fins or heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
    • H01L23/3735—Laminates or multilayers, e.g. direct bond copper ceramic substrates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/0201—Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
    • H05K1/0203—Cooling of mounted components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0058—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates
    • H05K3/0061—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates onto a metallic substrate, e.g. a heat sink
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0306—Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10106—Light emitting diode [LED]

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  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
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  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
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  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Abstract

一種由陶瓷構成的電路板(2)，具有一上側(2a)及一下側(2b)，其中在上側(2a)設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，而下側設計成冷卻體(3)形式，其中，在該下側(2b)也設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，在這些下側之鍍金屬區域上軟銲上一金屬冷卻體(3)。(圖1)

Description

具鋁冷卻體的陶瓷電路板
本發明關於一種由陶瓷構成的電路板，具有一上側及一下側，其中在上側設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，而下側設計成冷卻體形式。
在國際專利WO 2007/107601 A3提到一種這類的陶瓷電路板。
本發明的目的在將申請專利範圍第1項的引文的一種陶瓷電路板改良，使得電路板上側的元件的熱導離作用改善。
依本發明，這種目的達成之道為：在該下側也設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，在這些下側之鍍金屬區域上軟銲上一金屬冷卻體。
利用下側之燒結鍍金屬區域以及將金屬冷卻軟焊上去，使得熱可特佳地從電路板上側一直導離到金屬冷卻體中，所用銲劑宜為一種高熔點硬軟銲劑，其熔點在450°~660℃間範圍，金屬冷卻的具有高導熱性。
在本發明一實施例中，該電路板由氧化鋁或氮化鋁構成。較好電路板由氧化鋁構成，它有特佳的導熱性。
在一較佳實施例，該金屬冷卻體由鋁構成，鋁有良好 導熱性。
在一本發明的實施例，該金屬冷卻體由一個具有一連接側及一作用側的載體板構成，且該冷卻體的連接側軟焊到電路板的下側的鍍金屬區域上，且其作用側上具有突出的冷卻元件，利用突出冷卻元件，使冷卻體表面積加大，且可將導入之熱更佳地發散掉。
在一本發明實施例，該突出的冷卻元件係多數的針，呈一針墊形式，如此在最小的空間中將表面積極度擴大。
在本發明一實施例中，該電路板的上側設計成凹形或凸形，其中當使電該電路板做燈時，發出的光可被聚焦或發散。
本發明另外關於一種製造電路板的方法，製造一陶瓷基材，其兩側預鍍金屬形成燒結的鍍金屬區域，該用鍍金屬區域金、銀、銀合金或活性銲劑利用厚膜技術或其他如薄膜方法或電漿噴覆鍍以電鍍覆層，如Ni+Au或鋁，然後將該冷卻體的連接側軟銲到電路板的下側上，其中所用之銲劑為熔點在450~660℃間的高熔點之硬軟銲劑(hord solder)，藉著使用硬軟銲料在上述溫度範圍軟銲，可達成所牢固接合，且有良好熱傳導功率，故不須作夾緊、螺合或粘接，因為這些方式有缺點：這種缺點用軟銲可避免。
最好該電路板當作燈或燈的一部分使用，其係用於當作燈或燈的一部分，其中在電路板的上側可軟銲上LED或相關電路及/或電構件。
該電路可用不透光的蓋件蓋住以作保護。
為了將發出的光發散，在LED上可設個別或成組的透鏡。
茲結合圖式說明如下。
本發明的電路板(2)(見圖1、圖2)有一上側(2a)及一下側(2b)，其中在下側(2b)上設有一軟銲上去的金屬冷卻體(3)。本發明一重點特點為：上側(2a)和下側(2b)都設計成陶瓷電路板(2)。這點係用以下方式達成：在上側(2a)及下側(2b)上施以繞結之鍍金屬區域。鍍金屬區域見於WO 2007107601 A2，構件(例如LED)及/或電路可直接軟銲到上側(2a)或鍍金屬區域上。其優點為：由構件產生的熱由於電路板有良導熱性故可直接導入電路板(2)的陶瓷中。
該兩側預鍍有燒結之鍍金屬區域的陶瓷基材宜由AIN構成，且用金、銀、銀活金、活性銲劑利用厚膜技術或用其他方法[薄膜、電漿噴霧(Plasmaspritzen)等]鍍以電鍍覆層。如Ni+Au或鋁(基本鍍金屬)。基材兩側也可覆以不可之鍍金屬層，電路板宜由氮化鋁構成，因為如此導熱性極高。
在陶瓷電路板(2)的下側(2a)或基本鍍金屬的那一側為了要有高導熱性，可將適當幾何形狀的金屬冷卻體(3)軟銲上去。冷卻體(3)宜由鋁構成(射出成形件、鑄造件或其他方式)。軟銲劑宜為熔點450~660℃間的高熔點硬物銲劑，它將電路板(2)利用其鍍金屬層及硬軟銲料與金屬冷卻體牢接。故不需作夾緊、螺合或粘接。
該陶瓷電路板(2)[它的兩側具有燒結的鍍金屬區域，因此兩側都是電路板或可當電路板用]的冷卻側[亦即向金屬冷卻體(3)表面者]宜為平坦者，在構件側[亦即在上側(2a)，該處空宜設LED(6)]，該表面也可為凸形或凹形彎曲。如此，如果構件為LED(6)，則光可被發散或集束發生。
用於將金屬冷卻體(3)軟銲上去所用的硬軟銲劑宜為市售之鋁硬軟銲劑(TMP-鋁-銲膏(39)，一如於修後鋁構件所用者，它在570℃時在一熱板上或在一適當的軟銲燈中與一鍍覆鋁冷卻器(3)牢牢接合成良好導熱方式(超過50W/mk)，該鋁冷卻器(3)的安裝側[亦即下側(2b)]用機械方式或化學方式作良好淨化(除去氧化物)。
然後將電構件如二極體、LDE(6)、電晶體等隨可能需要的其他元件如電阻或驅動器用一種軟式軟銲劑在低溫範圍(宜為100~400℃)在一第二步驟中軟銲到該預鍍金屬之陶瓷電路板(2)上側(2a)上，如此持別對功率構件造成良好的熱傳導。
連接電網路的方式宜經由陶瓷的上側(2a)的插頭稜條或經由「結合金屬絲」(Bonddraht，英：bonding wire)從陶瓷而向外連接。當LDE(6)銲上的情形，為了作保護或將光散射，可將個別或成組的透鏡粘上去或軟銲上去。也可使用不透光的蓋件將電路封蓋住。
本發明的陶瓷電路板可當作燈或燈的一部分使用。
圖1顯示一本發明的電路板(2)的上側(2a)及下側(2b)在下側(2a)上軟銲上一金屬冷卻體(3)(由鋁構成)，電路板(2) 的陶瓷為氮化鋁，在此例中，電路板(2)設計成圓形，在圖中看不到燒結的金屬區域，金屬冷卻體(3)由鋁構成，且設計成針墊形式，亦即由一載體板(4)形成，載體板軟桿到陶瓷電路板上，在相反側上，在載體板(4)上設有多數突出的圓柱針(5)。
圖2顯示依圖1之電路板(2)的上側(2a)，軟銲上去的電構件用圖號(6)表示，電導線用薄膜技術施覆上去並用圖號(7)表示，電導線(7)與構件(6)軟銲到該燒結的鍍金屬區域上。在圖中看不到鍍金屬區域。
(2)‧‧‧電路板
(2a)‧‧‧[電路板(2)的]上側
(2b)‧‧‧[電路板(2)的]下側
(3)‧‧‧(金屬)冷卻體
(4)‧‧‧截體板
(5)‧‧‧針
(6)‧‧‧電構件
(7)‧‧‧電導線
圖1係一本發明之電路板的立體圖；圖2係圖1之電路板的上側的上視圖。
(2)‧‧‧電路板
(2a)‧‧‧[電路板(2)的]上側
(2b)‧‧‧[電路板(2)的]下側
(3)‧‧‧(金屬)冷卻體
(4)‧‧‧截體板
(5)‧‧‧針

Claims (10)

  1. 一種由陶瓷構成的電路板(2)，具有一上側(2a)及一下側(2b)，其中在上側(2a)設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，而下側設計成冷卻體(3)形式，其特徵在：在該下側(2b)也設有燒結的鍍金屬區域，在這些下側之鍍金屬區域上軟銲上一金屬冷卻體(3)。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電路板，其中：該電路板由氧化鋁或氮化鋁構成。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之電路板，其中：該金屬冷卻體(3)由鋁構成。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1-3項之任一項之電路板，其中：該金屬冷卻體(3)由一個具有一連接側及一作用側的載體板(4)構成，且該冷卻體(3)的連接側軟焊到電路板(2)的下側的鍍金屬區域上，且其作用側上具有突出的冷卻元件(3)。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之電路板，其中：該突出的冷卻元件(3)係多數的針(5)，呈一針墊形式。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1-5項之任一項之電路板，其中：該電路板(2)的上側(2a)設計成凹形或凸形。
  7. 一種用於製造申請專利範圍第1~第8項任一項的電路板(2)的方法，其特徵在：製造一陶瓷基材，其兩側預鍍金屬形成燒結的鍍金屬區域，該用鍍金屬區域金、銀、銀合金或活性銲劑利用厚膜技術或其他如薄膜方法或電漿噴覆鍍以電鍍覆層，如Ni+Au或鋁，然後將該冷卻體(3)的連接側軟銲到電路板(2) 的下側上，其中所用之銲劑為熔點在450~660℃間的高熔點之硬軟銲劑。
  8. 一種如申請專利範圍第1-8項的電路板(2)的應用，其係用於當作燈或燈的一部分，其中在電路板的上側(2a)可軟銲上LED或相關電路及/或電構件。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之應用，其中：該電路用一不透光的蓋件蓋住。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第7或第8項之電路板，其中：在LED上設個別或成組的透鏡。
TW101111615A 2011-04-04 2012-04-02 具鋁冷卻體的陶瓷電路板 TW201302046A (zh)

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RU2013148615A (ru) 2015-05-10
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CN103563074B (zh) 2018-09-14

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