TW201250075A - Process for producing carbon fibres - Google Patents

Process for producing carbon fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201250075A
TW201250075A TW101116206A TW101116206A TW201250075A TW 201250075 A TW201250075 A TW 201250075A TW 101116206 A TW101116206 A TW 101116206A TW 101116206 A TW101116206 A TW 101116206A TW 201250075 A TW201250075 A TW 201250075A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
cyanide
hydrocyanic acid
released
furnace
liquid containing
Prior art date
Application number
TW101116206A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Berghahn
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa Gmbh filed Critical Evonik Degussa Gmbh
Publication of TW201250075A publication Critical patent/TW201250075A/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01C3/08—Simple or complex cyanides of metals
    • C01C3/10—Simple alkali metal cyanides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
    • D01D13/02—Elements of machines in combination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F13/00—Recovery of starting material, waste material or solvents during the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F13/04—Recovery of starting material, waste material or solvents during the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
    • D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
    • D01F9/328—Apparatus therefor for manufacturing filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation, or polymerisation products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Description

201250075 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於用以製造碳纖維之方法，其中聚丙烯腈 (PAN )用釋出之氫氰酸（HCN )熱解碳化以形成碳纖維 ，和亦關於用以進行該方法之設備。 【先前技術】 工業上用以製造碳纖維所使用之技術性成熟的方法是 熱解碳化聚丙烯腈（PAN )，即輸入大量的熱。在此化學 消去反應中，剩下碳纖維，而氫氰酸（HCN )和烴類（HC )揮發至爐內蒙氣中。 因爲氫氰酸是有毒的且必須不會進入自然環境，依據 先前技術，氫氰酸是從爐內蒙氣分離出來和被燃燒。在此 釋出的熱用於預熱進入至爐子之進料。在氫氰酸的此燃燒 中所得之氮氧化物以添加氨而催化性地純化。 依據此先前技術，本發明的目的是使該方法更經濟。 此係藉由收集所釋出之氫氰酸和用鹼性介質洗滌之以 提供含有氰化鹽之液體而達成。 【發明內容】 因此本發明提供用以製造碳纖維之方法，其中聚丙烯 腈（PAN )用釋出之氫氰酸（HCN )熱解碳化以形成碳纖 維，和其中所釋出之氫氰酸被收集和用鹼性介質洗滌以提 供含有氰化鹽之液體。 -5- 201250075 本發明的基本槪念是不再利用所得之氫氰酸以產生能 量（燃燒）而是作爲原料。氫氰酸爲用以製造含有氰化鹽 之液體的有價値起始物，特別是用以製造含有氰化鈉（ NaCN )或氰化鉀（KCN )之液體。 氰化鈉或氰化鉀進而用於金的萃取。目前金價很高， 氰化鈉和氰化鉀亦是高價，其使得利用氫氰酸是有經濟上 的吸引力，在既有之設備內在任何情況中所形成之該氫氛 酸係作爲原料。 清楚看到裝置成本是有利的：目前用以碳纖維製造之 既有設備收集氫氰酸以爲燃燒之。本發明之設備卻以簡單 方式配有氫氰酸中和裝置，其爲商業上可得之技術。氫氰 酸中和裝置包括洗滌器，其用鹼性介質（特別是氫氧化鈉 (NaOH )或氫氧化鉀（KOH ))洗滌氫氰酸。氫氰酸與 鹼接觸形成氰化鈉或氰化鉀和水。在洗滌器的底部收集含 有氰化鈉或氰化鉀之液體，相對應的進料鹼（NaOH/KOH )和水》可用已知方式從此液體移出有價値的氰化鈉或氰 化鉀產物。 爲了補償不再於爐子內燃燒之氫氰酸的熱損失，氫氮 酸以天然氣替代至此程度。 大體上，於氫氰酸中和裝置和純化和天然氣的額外購 買的額外資本投資似乎是經濟上可實行的，因爲回報是可 省略氧化氮純化和增加藉由額外銷售氰化鈉/氰化鉀之機 會所達成之增値。 201250075 【實施方式】 較佳者是自鹼性介質製備氰化鈉，因爲氫氧 NaOH)比氫氧化鉀便宜。 爐子內的熱解過程係發生在溫度範圍在500至 內’且更佳地在惰性氛圍內，特別是在氮氣下。 本發明進一步提供藉由本發明之方法以製造碳 設備’其包括爐子，該爐子被設定以產生從500至 之溫度，使得被引入至該爐子之聚丙烯腈（PAN ) 作用下被碳化以形成碳纖維，且該爐子裝有用以取 化反應中所釋出之氫氰酸（HCN)之工具，該設備 滌器，藉由該洗滌器所取出之氫氰酸可與鹼性介質 是氫氧化鈉（NaOH)或氫氧化鉀（KOH))接觸 設備配有用於收集含有氰化鹽之液體的收集工具， 鹽係在該氫氰酸與該鹼性介質接觸時形成的。 化鈉（ 1 5 0 0 °C 纖維之 1 5 0 0 °c 可在熱 出該碳 具有洗 (特別 ，且該 該氰化

Claims (1)

  1. 201250075 七、申請專利範圍： 1·—種用以製造碳纖維之方法，其中聚丙烯腈（PAN )用釋出之氫氰酸（HCN )熱解碳化以形成碳纖維，特徵 在於收集該釋出之氫氰酸和用鹼性介質洗滌以提供含有氰 化鹽之液體。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該釋出之氫氰 酸用氫氧化鈉（NaOH )洗滌以提供含有氰化鈉（NaCN ) 之液體。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該釋出之氫氰 酸用氫氧化鉀（KOH )洗滌以提供含有氰化鉀（KCN )之 液體。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法，其中 該熱解係在溫度範圍在500至150(TC之內進行。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法，其中 該熱解係在惰性氛圍下（特別是氮氣下）進行》 6. —種用以製造碳纖維之設備，其包括爐子，該爐子 被設定以產生從500至1 500 °C之溫度，使得被引入至該爐 子之聚丙烯腈（PAN )可在熱作用下被碳化以形成碳纖維 ，且該爐子裝有用以取出該碳化反應中所釋出之氫氰酸（ HCN )的工具，特徵在於洗滌器，藉由該洗滌器所取出之 氫氰酸可與鹼性介質（特別是氫氧化鈉（NaOH )或氫氧 化鉀（KOH ))接觸，和用於收集含有氰化鹽之液體的收 集工具，該氰化鹽係在該氫氰酸與該鹼性介質接觸時形成 的。 -8 - 201250075 四 指定代表圖： (一） 本案指定代表圖為：無 (二） 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明：無 201250075 五 本案若有化學式時，請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學 式：無
TW101116206A 2011-05-10 2012-05-07 Process for producing carbon fibres TW201250075A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011075595A DE102011075595A1 (de) 2011-05-10 2011-05-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlefasern

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TW201250075A true TW201250075A (en) 2012-12-16

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US (1) US20140147366A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2707525A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2014522454A (zh)
KR (1) KR20140032415A (zh)
CN (1) CN103597130A (zh)
BR (1) BR112013028741A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2834961A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102011075595A1 (zh)
IL (1) IL229309A0 (zh)
MX (1) MX2013013047A (zh)
RU (1) RU2013154470A (zh)
TW (1) TW201250075A (zh)
WO (1) WO2012152554A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012220341A1 (de) 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Evonik Industries Ag Kohlenstofffaserherstellung mit verbesserter Blausäuregewinnung
EP3188849B1 (en) 2014-09-05 2022-02-16 Tennant Company Systems and methods for supplying treatment liquids having nanobubbles
CN113044857B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2023-05-23 重庆柒兴克米科技有限公司 高收率制取高纯氰化钠或氰化钾的生产工艺

Family Cites Families (14)

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US111971A (en) * 1871-02-21 Improvement in fire-place grates
DE41930C (de) * Dr. KNUBLAUCH in Ehrenfeld b. Köln Neuerungen in der Gewinnung von Cyanverbindungen
US423236A (en) * 1890-03-11 Controlling device for elevators
GB190126396A (en) * 1901-12-24 1902-12-24 Walther Feld Improvements in, and relating to, the Recovery of Hydrocyanic Acid from Gases
US2064838A (en) * 1934-02-28 1936-12-22 Horvitz Patent Holding Corp Process for the recovery of acid gases
BE793869Q (fr) * 1967-10-27 1973-05-02 Degussa Procede de production de cyanures alcalins
DE2260248C3 (de) * 1972-12-08 1981-08-27 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von Cyanwasserstoff aus Gasen
US4526770A (en) * 1980-10-02 1985-07-02 Fiber Materials, Inc. Method of producing carbon fiber and product thereof
DE4116840A1 (de) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Degussa Verfahren zur abtrennung von cyanwasserstoff aus gasen und abgasen
EP0529624B1 (en) * 1991-08-28 1998-11-04 Ad 'all Ltd. Method of producing activated carbon fiber
DE19704180C1 (de) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-20 Degussa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkalicyanid- und Erdalkalicyanid-Granulaten und hierbei erhältliche Alkalicyanid-Granulate hoher Reinheit
CN1202297C (zh) * 2002-03-05 2005-05-18 陈新谋 聚丙烯腈纤维预氧化及碳化新工艺及装置
TWI432621B (zh) * 2008-04-18 2014-04-01 Mitsubishi Rayon Co 碳纖維織條的製造裝置以及製造方法
US20110104041A1 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Goodrich Corporation Methods and systems for hcn removal

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Publication number Publication date
RU2013154470A (ru) 2015-06-20
BR112013028741A2 (pt) 2017-01-24
CN103597130A (zh) 2014-02-19
KR20140032415A (ko) 2014-03-14
IL229309A0 (en) 2014-01-30
EP2707525A1 (de) 2014-03-19
CA2834961A1 (en) 2012-11-15
WO2012152554A1 (de) 2012-11-15
DE102011075595A1 (de) 2012-11-15
MX2013013047A (es) 2014-02-17
JP2014522454A (ja) 2014-09-04
US20140147366A1 (en) 2014-05-29

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