TW201037958A - Systems for highly efficient solar power - Google Patents

Abstract

Different systems to achieve solar power conversion are provided in at least three different general aspects, with circuitry that can be used to harvest maximum power from a solar source (1) or strings of panels (11) for DC or AC use, perhaps for transfer to a power grid (10) three aspects can exist perhaps independently and relate to: (1) electrical power conversion in a multimodal manner, (2) alternating between differing processes such as by an alternative mode photovoltaic power converter functionality control (27), and (3) systems that can achieve efficiencies in conversion that are extraordinarily high compared to traditional through substantially power isomorphic photovoltaic DC-DC power conversion capability that can achieve 99.2% efficiency or even only wire transmission losses. Switchmode impedance conversion circuits may have pairs of photovoltaic power series switch elements (24) and pairs of photovoltaic power shunt switch elements (25).

Description

201037958 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of solar energy technology and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for converting a power source from several types of solar energy to make it useful in various applications. The present invention provides techniques and circuits that can be used to obtain maximum power from solar cells, solar panels, or strings of panels from three different aspects so that the power can be used for DC or AC purposes, possibly Used for transmission to power grids, etc. These three aspects may be independent and involve: 1) providing power conversion in a composite manner, 2) establishing a system that can alternate between different processes, and 3) enabling much higher performance than conventional systems. A system that converts efficiency. [Prior Art] Solar energy is one of the most ideal renewable energy sources. In recent years, it has been recognized as one of the most promising sources of energy in our increasingly industrialized society. Although in theory the amount of solar energy far exceeds most, if not all, of the amount of other energy (renewable or non-renewable), the use of such energy presents enormous challenges. Often, solar energy faces many limitations that fully play its role. On the one hand, how to provide an electrical output commensurate with its cost is a challenge. A major aspect of the present invention is to significantly reduce the cost of solar power utilization, making it a cost-effective source of power. One of the most effective ways to convert solar energy into electrical energy is to use solar cells. The device generates photo-generated direct current via a photoelectric effect. Typically such solar cells are electrically connected to each other to form a battery pack for a solar panel or a PV (photovoltaic) panel. PV panels are typically connected in series to provide a higher voltage of -4-201037958 at a reasonable current. This can reduce the loss of the electrical interconnection. Since the power converter used can more efficiently utilize higher voltages, the output of a solar cell or solar panel or even a combination thereof is generally converted into the most efficient power source. Conventional power converters even use MPPT (Maximum Power Tracker) circuitry at their inputs to extract the maximum amount of power from one or more or even a string of connectors. However, the problem with this approach is that since the PV panel typically acts as a current source and when connected in series, the minimum power panel will limit the current through any of the plates. Furthermore, historical solar cells have been fabricated using semiconductors such as 矽 PN junctions. These junctions or diodes convert sunlight into electrical energy. These diodes have a low voltage output characteristic 'usually on the order of 0.6 volts. This battery acts in parallel with the forward diode and acts like a current source. The output current of such batteries can be a function of many structural factors, usually proportional to the amount of sunlight. The low voltage of such solar cells will be difficult to convert into power suitable for powering the power grid. Many diodes are typically connected in series on a photovoltaic panel. For example, one possible configuration may have 36 diodes or plates connected in series to obtain 21.6 volts. In fact, such a board with a bypass diode also has an interconnect loss, so that only 15 volts can be generated at its maximum power point (MPP). For some larger systems with more such boards, even 15 volts is not sufficient to transmit substantially on the wire without loss. In addition, today's typical systems combine multiple plates in series to provide 100 volts to minimize conduction losses between the PV panel and the power converter. However, the problem with the electrical state is to find the appropriate input impedance of the converter to obtain maximum power from such a string of PV panels. Extracting power at the maximum power point is often referred to as MPP tracking. However, some of these systems have some limitations that will be discussed here in 201037958. First, the PV panel can act as a current source. Therefore, the board that produces the minimum current will limit the current through the entire board. In the undesired case, if a poor board produces a relatively small current, it will be reverse biased by the other boards. A reverse diode can be placed at the intersection of each board to limit the power loss in this case and protect the board from reverse breakdown. In the system, at least the following problems have occurred and caused a certain degree of loss in solar energy conversion: A. unevenness between plates B. half-negative weather C. ash or accumulation hinders sunlight D. board damage E. Uneven degradation of the board as time passes. When expensive PV panels are used in series, it can be cumbersome, and the most fragile boards will limit the current flowing from any other board. Disadvantageously, the purpose of the series connection is to obtain a sufficiently high voltage to more efficiently transmit power to the load load, such as a parallel type converter, through the geographical distribution. In addition, in many systems, PV panels can be placed on the roof, such as for housing related equipment. The converter is usually placed at a distance from the roof, such as through a power meter. Therefore, in the embodiment, it is necessary to propose a series connection board and not to generate loss due to the minimum power board or any series-parallel connection. It is also necessary to be able to use different boards without considering the connection structure (series or parallel, etc.). The technology of photoelectric energy conversion is considered to be the biggest limitation of the full effect of solar energy 201037958. An attempt to use a DC/DC converter as a solar energy conversion method along each of the boards of the MPP circuit has been proposed to improve the energy harvest rate when the solar panel is used in series. However, such attempts have led to unacceptable inefficiencies, making this approach impractical. To some extent, these technologies have been missed to consider such issues. For example, in an article by GR Walker, J. Xue, and P. Sernia entitled "PV String Per-Module Maximum Point Enabling Converters," the authors suggest that efficiency losses are inevitable, but the proposed modules still have some 〇 Advantages, although it achieves low efficiency. Similarly, the technique required by the two authors G.R. Walker and P. Sernia entitled "Cascaded DC-DC Converter Connection of photovoltaic Modules" shows that the required technology is always at an unfavorable efficiency. A graph of efficiency and power is even shown in these documents, which shows a full power approaching 91%. Simply put, the costly operation of PV panels through inefficient converters is unacceptable on the market. Another problem that has not been studied is that the huge series of PV panels in series have extremely different output voltages, so that the state of the converter driving the power grid needs to be adjusted over a wide range, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. A further problem is that the input voltage of the converter will not increase or exceed the controllable limit during the period when the converter is not powered to the grid. Or conversely, even if the voltage during this period does not exceed the controllable limit, the final operating voltage will be much lower than the ideal point of converter efficiency. In addition, there are issues with startup and protection that will significantly increase the cost of the entire solar energy conversion method. There are also other secondary factors that affect the solar installation system into the 201037958 balance (BOS). Thus, at least one aspect of the electrical demand for solar energy is to increase the efficiency of the electrical system conversion phase. The present invention just provides the necessary improvement in this regard. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As in the field of the invention, the invention includes various aspects that can be combined in different ways. The following description will enumerate various components and illustrate some embodiments of the invention. The components are described in terms of a basic embodiment, however, it should be understood that they can be combined in any manner and in any number to produce other embodiments. The various embodiments and preferred embodiments described are not to be understood as limiting the invention, but are merely illustrative of systems, techniques, and applications. In addition, it should be understood that the present description supports and encompasses all of the various embodiments, systems, techniques, methods, devices, and any number of disclosed elements, with separate elements, and also all of the various in this or any subsequent application. The use of any and all of the various changes and combinations of components. In various embodiments, the present invention discloses various results, systems, and different original exemplary structures that can achieve the objectives of the present invention. The system features alternating photoelectric conversion, high efficiency conversion design, and multi-peak conversion. Some structures can be used in combination with an MPP and even a dual mode power conversion circuit to obtain a stupid power conditioner (PC) component. As described above, such power conditioners can be arbitrarily combined in series or in parallel or in series/parallel connection and designed to enable solar panels to perform their full power output primarily or even for long periods of time. Even different types of boards with different output characteristics can be combined and get the maximum power of each board. In some designs, series series are used to obtain the high voltages useful for electrical transmission. The design of each power modulation 201037958 is to produce its maximum power. In an embodiment, the present invention allows each panel to individually produce its maximum power, thereby enabling more total energy to be harvested throughout the system. The system has an MPP circuit and an energy conversion circuit on each board. These circuits are inexpensive, simple circuits that perform several functions. First, the circuit is designed to extract the maximum power available for each board. Second, the circuit is designed to change the impedance that naturally occurs when combined with other boards in the series. This circuit can also be configured in parallel connected boards or even in a single battery or panel string. The embodiment thus configured achieves a higher voltage output (e.g., 400 volts). In addition, this structure is also easy to control overpressure or other protection, with or without feedback components that control the system to avoid overpressure or other conditions. The additional configuration of a single MPP circuit on the board does not add much to the cost, and in some embodiments can replace the power converter to achieve the same functionality. This circuit can also be incorporated into a PV panel and does not need to be reused in a net junction converter, so this will give significant advantages to the same overall circuit. In the embodiment, a small MPP converter can be used instead of a large converter, which will result in higher energy gain. [Embodiment] [Embodiment] As described above, the present invention discloses various aspects of the aspect that can be used alone and in combination with others. The original idea was that an example of a power conditioner according to the present invention could be used in combination with any of the following principles and circuits: an alternate processing converter (a 11 ernativepr 〇cessc ο nverter ), a dual mode photoelectric converter, an extremely efficient photoelectric converter , multi-peak opto-electrical converters, incorporating a maximum 201037958 power tracker (MPP or MPPT) into the above components, and embodiments including controllable limits such as controllable output voltage, output current, and output power. All of this should be understood in a broad sense and with the embodiment of the display initial applications for implementation. The underlying benefits of all of these aspects are discussed separately and discussed in the following discussion in conjunction with representative primary topology rather than merely based on the above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a solar crucible system illustrating the basic principles of solar energy conversion of the present invention. As shown, it includes a solar source (1) that is injected into the photoelectric DC-DC power converter (4), and the power converter (4) supplies the converted output to a photo-DC that is primarily connected to a grid (10). -AC converter (5). It will be appreciated that the solar source (1) may be a solar cell, a solar panel or even a panel string. In any case, the solar source (1) is capable of providing a DC photo-electric output (2). The DC optoelectronic output (2) acts as a DC input to the DC-DC power converter (4). The operation of the DC-DC power converter (4) is controlled according to the performance normally indicated by the converter function control circuit (8). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the converter function control circuit (8) has a broad meaning and can be a real circuit hardware or firmware or software to achieve the desired control. Similarly, the DC-DC power converter (4) can be considered to represent an optoelectronic DC-DC energy conversion circuit. At this point, hardware circuits are likely to be required, however, it should be understood that the term "circuit" still includes a combination of hardware, firmware, and software. As shown in Figure 1, the various components can be connected to each other. Direct connection is only a way in which various components can respond to each other, i.e., if a component's dry effect can directly or indirectly cause another effect or change. The function of the DC-DC power converter (4) is to convert its output and provide a converted DC photo-electric output (6) as an input to a variety of designed DC-AC converters (5). The DC-AC converter (5) may or may not be included in an embodiment of a solar power system. If included, its function is to complete the conversion of the DC power to a converted DC (7) such as a photovoltaic AC power output (7) that can be used, for example, to connect via a so-called AC power grid interface (9) Power grid (10). Thus, the system can generate a 0 DC photooutput (6) as an input to some types of DC-AC converters (5). The step of converting the input should be understood to include and generate any alternating signal from any DC current signal, even if the signal itself is not perfect or not very stable. As shown in Figures 2 and 6, a single solar source (1) (battery, board or module level) can be used in combination to produce a source of string electrical connections. This combination can be responded to by a series or parallel connection. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, a plurality of connections can be formed into a series electrical connection item. A solar 〇 V plate (11) such as an electrical connection is arranged in series. As shown in Figure 2, each such string itself is from a component to a very large combination forming a photovoltaic array (12) or a plurality of combined solar sources. Through a physical or electrical overall layout, several of these cells, plates or strings may be adjacent to one another such that they are exposed to more similar electrical, mechanical, environmental, solar exposure (or non-sun) conditions. . As shown schematically in Figure 2, in the case of large arrays, a high voltage DC-AC solar converter and a three phase high voltage converted AC optoelectronic output must be added. As shown for the combination of electrical series, the output can be combined, so its voltage will increase but their current will not change. Conversely, a combination of electrical parallels may also occur. 2 and 6 illustrate an embodiment of a connection to implement a series combination or series component such as a converted DC optoelectronic output (6) to produce a converted DC optoelectronic output to a DC-AC converter (5). As shown, the converted DC optoelectronic output (6) can be obtained in series, followed by a converted DC optoelectronic output (13) that is supplied as a converted DC optoelectronic input (14) to some types of optoelectronic DC-AC converters. (5) or other loaders. Again, each solar source (1) can be battery, plate, tandem or even array 〇 grade. It will be appreciated that the steps of connecting the converter or its output in parallel and in parallel may also be implemented. As mentioned above, the configurable circuit and system extract more power from the solar source (1). Electrically, the MPP circuit or Maximum Power Tracker (MPPT) can be used to extract more power at the maximum power (MPP) of one or more solar cells, boards or series. Thus, in an embodiment, a solar energy system in accordance with the present invention includes an MPPT control circuit having an energy conversion circuit. A subsequent range limiting circuit can also be included. 〇 Figures 3 and 4 show the maximum power point and the Maximum Power Tracking (MPPT) circuit can be configured to find the best point to extract power from a given board or other solar source (1). As a background, it should be understood that the plates measured in the laboratory have the relationship of voltage and current as shown in Figure 3. The vertical axis is the current in amps. The horizontal axis is the voltage in volts. Fig. 4 shows the case where the power is obtained by using a voltage several times the current. The vertical axis is now power. An example of an MPPT circuit used here is to give the board the proper load resistance or more accurate impedance, and the operating board provides its power peak. It can be seen from the graph that when the board is produced, -12-201037958 is close to 15 volts and 8 amps, and the board has the maximum power under the measurement conditions. This can be determined by the maximum optoelectronic power converter functional control circuit (15), which is part or all of the modality of the converter functional control circuit (8). Thus, the converter or conversion step can achieve the maximum opto-electricity mode of the photovoltaic DC-DC energy conversion or maximum optoelectronic power conversion step. The above can be achieved by the switch and the task cycle switch as described below. Similarly, the system can also perform the steps of the maximum photoelectric power task cycle switch or the maximum photoelectric voltage deterministic task cycle switch.技术 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are a variety of circuit configurations that can be used to obtain MPP information. Some can be based on observing short circuit current or open circuit voltage. Other types of schemes can be referred to as disturbance and monitoring (P&0) circuits. This P&0 method can be used in combination with a technique called "hill climb" to obtain MPP. As explained below, the MPP of the adjacent source for each source, or the entire series, can be individually determined to operate to achieve the best operation. Thus, embodiments of the combined system may utilize a dedicated maximum opto-electric power point converter functional control circuit (16) dedicated to the board (understood to include any source level). Whether or not it is a single configuration, the analog circuit can be configured in the p&0 method to generate a ripple voltage on the board. The board voltage and its first derivative (V,)' as well as the board power and its first derivative (P,) can be obtained using a simple analog circuit. Use two derivatives and simple logic to adjust the load on the board as follows: -13- 201037958

V, positive number P' positive number increases MPP V' positive number P' negative number decreases MPP V' negative number P' positive number decreases MPP V' negative number P' negative number increases MPP Table 1 〇 Of course, there are many other circuits for finding the derivative and logic of the output structure. Typically, the power conditioner (17) can include a power calculation loop (solid or software) (21), which can even be a photomultiplier synthesis loop (22). These loops can act to influence the result or respond to a component similar to the power indication (even if it is not an accurate calculation of the V*I multiplication function). Of course this can be a calculation of some power parameters of the V*I type, and the system will act in some way to raise or lower itself, with the basic movement being closer to and ultimately achieving operational operation at a level. By generating power ® and implementing the steps of calculating the photomultiplier power parameter, the system can respond to this parameter to obtain the desired result. In an embodiment of a series power regulator (17) or the like, the current output through each PC may be the same, but the output voltage of each PC will be proportional to the amount of power generated by the board. The following examples are referred to to further explain the functions of such embodiments. Consider the circuit of Figure 6 and compare it to a simple series connected plate (note that a simple series may have crossed reversed diodes). First, assuming that four panels are connected in series, each panel producing 1 volt and 1 amp supply, then the input setting for the -14-201037958 supply converter will be 400 volts. Any method will provide an output of 400 watts. Now consider the result of a plate producing 1 〇〇 and 〇8 amps (simulating a semi-shade environment: less light can be simply understood as less current). In series, 〇·8 amps of current will pass through each board, yielding a total power of 400X0.8 = 320 watts. First, the total power can be 380 watts when each board is produced on its own MPP. And since each power regulator is then still connected in series, it is clear that the current flowing from them must be equal. However, the voltage can be calculated by the known power of each P C as follows: 3V + 0.8V = 400 volts, where V is the voltage of each full power board. Thus, it can be seen that in this embodiment, three plates can obtain 105.3 volts and each plate can obtain 84.2 volts. Moreover, in Figure 6, it can be appreciated that in some embodiments, a series of individual power controls can provide additional benefits. In such an embodiment, the power block is considered to be a set of PV panels with power converters and MPPs on each board. This way they will adjust their output as needed to maintain the maximum power output for each and every power block. If used in conjunction with such a power block string, the system may even operate with varying voltages applied to its output. The operation of the MPP of the second example shows the advantages of this type of structure. This example shows that when a board is in the shadow it can only generate a current of 0.5 amps. For a series connected series, three plates of 1 amp are produced to completely reverse bias the plate, producing a current of 0.5 amps directed to the reverse diode. It is also possible that there is only a total of 300 watts of power from three boards. Again for the inventive embodiment circuit, each PC will produce a total of 350 watts of MPP. The voltage calculation for this -15-201037958 would be: 3V + 0.5V = 400 volts In this example, the three boards will get Π4.2 volts and the remaining one will get half, or 57.1 volts. The output voltage can be considered to be proportional to the PV panel output power, resulting in better results. There are several basic examples to illustrate some of the advantages. Currently, there are many PV panels in series in a real PV string. Often, they are not able to get the same power. As a result, many boards will be biased back, and most will produce less than their individual MPP. This can be achieved by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 shows a power converter that can draw power from the panel string and supply it to the power grid. As discussed below, such a configuration may require voltage limiting and/or protection by setting operational operating limits. The power regulator (17) can be configured to extract maximum power from the PC board. According to an embodiment of the invention, this can be achieved by an impedance conversion capability provided by the power conditioner (17), the opto-electronic DC-DC power converter (4) or the converter functional control loop (8). . It can convert single or group power transfers as needed to maintain ΜΡΡ. Thus the system will cause the voltage of each board to constantly change while achieving the maximum output of each board. Depending on the topology of the system, it can achieve constant or regular current, so the series string can be at maximum power. In an embodiment, the invention can be configured to increase or decrease the load impedance of each board, even providing a fixed voltage if desired. As discussed above, the photoelectric impedance conversion mode of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion can be accomplished by a photoelectric impedance conversion power conversion control loop. Figures 5A and 5A - 16 - 201037958 Two embodiments of a photoelectric DC-DC power converter showing photoelectric impedance conversion of a switching or switch mode. It can be understood that the switch here can be controlled by the converter's functional control loop (8) to perform duty cycle distribution, that is, to distribute power at a time point (which can be constant or different) for various purposes. . This type of distribution can be done in a variety of ways. There are many ways to distribute power from one mode to another. For example, if the minimum pulse width is set, the energy can be further reduced or the impedance can be changed by the burst mode discussed below. If the minimum duty cycle is set to 2%, 0.2% energy transfer can also be obtained with the 2% duty cycle burst sequence and the assumed 〇% pulse train task cycle. Much of this can be achieved by frequently changing the power distribution or other controls of different switches. Thus, embodiments can provide switch frequency alteration switching photovoltaic power conversion control circuitry. Efficient implementation during conversion also provides the possibility of a smooth transition from one mode to another. The purpose of power distribution may include maximum power point operation as discussed above and various modes as discussed below. A portion of these modalities are affixed such that at some point in time, in a partial power state one will take precedence over one or the other, or multiple modalities may be operated based on partial power parameters. In addition, some of these modalities will be discussed later. However, in the process of impedance conversion, the photoelectric impedance conversion task can be cyclically distributed, and can be controlled by a photo-electrical impedance conversion task cycle switch control loop (which can be understood to include hardware, firmware, software, and any combination thereof). -17- 201037958 Referring to the particular embodiment illustrated by the two examples of Figures 5A and 5B, it will be appreciated that the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter (4) can operate to increase or decrease the photoimpedance. Since one or the other will appear at any point in time, even if the operation changes over time, the operation of the two transformation modes will be dedicated. Likewise, embodiments may include an opto-electronic impedance-increasing opto-electronic DC-DC power conversion loop (19) and a photo-impedance-reduced opto-electronic DC-DC power conversion loop (20). Figures 5A and 5B show two such examples in which the third portion of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter (4) can be considered to function in one manner (upper portion of Figure 5A and lower portion of Figure 5B) and optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. The other part of (4) acts in another way (lower part of Fig. 5A and upper part of Fig. 5B). Thus, it can be seen that the mode of operation of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter (4) can be reversed, with one achieving one effect and the other achieving the opposite effect. Embodiments of the system provide at least one opto-electronic impedance increasing mode of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter and at least one opto-electronic impedance reducing mode of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. As shown in the two embodiments of Figures 5A and 5B, the two modes can appear in a 〇W photoelectric DC-DC power converter (4), so the photoelectric DC-DC power converter (4) can complete the photoelectric The step of increasing the load impedance and reducing the photoelectric load impedance. Such components can also be separate so that in alternate operation one runs and the other does not. It can also be substantially separate' so it actually or appears to be operating in the same time frame for a power conversion meaningless cycle. The system thus includes a substantially separate impedance-switching opto-electric power conversion control loop. Thanks to the structure and design of the power conditioner (17), the system can be used for power distribution or other performance, and if appropriate -18- 201037958, a control loop can be provided to achieve the desired results. Referring again to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, it can be seen that some embodiments use one or more switches controlled by a photoelectric switch control loop (23) such that the power regulator (17) can be switched mode features. In the illustrated embodiment, these switches are designated T1-T4 and Τ21-24». In some embodiments, these switches may be semiconductor switches and they help to reduce losses and improve efficiency. Additionally, the switches and connections can be configured to obtain one or more optoelectronic power series switching components (24) and one or more optoelectronic power 并联 parallel switching components (25). It will be appreciated that the opto-electric power series switching component (24) may provide one or more positions of the opto-electric power transmission interruption (interrupted action), and the opto-electric power parallel switching component (25) may provide one or more opto-electric power transmission shunts (split Action) to the ground, another power path, etc. As shown by circles 5A and 5B, embodiments may include more than one switch, more than one series and parallel switch', but a series of series and shunt path semiconductor (or other) switches. Thus, interruptions and shunts can occur at least in the separate semiconductor location. Obviously, these examples are configured to more simply illustrate the various complications of power distribution, interruption, shunting, and combination, however, it can be appreciated that there may be more complex structures. In many loops, some designs can be provided to avoid the same effect, which of course falls within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood from the previously discussed mode of operation (i.e., increasing or alternately reducing the optoelectronic load impedance) that a system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention may have an opto-electronic DC-DC power transfer as a multi-peak optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. -19- 201037958 The converter (4) is controlled by the multi-peak converter functional control loop (26) because it has more than one mode of operation. These modes include, but are not limited to, photoelectric impedance increase and photo-resistance reduction, and several other modes are discussed below. In general, multi-peak activity includes the step of converting only one mode at least at any point. Regardless of the expected output, the impedance or other factors will not increase or decrease in the same step. Use only a single method of conversion, or singular integration. Thus, the power conditioner (17) can provide at least one first modal and Ο second mode optoelectronic DC-DC power conversion circuit, DC-DC power converter or DC-DC power conversion. Furthermore, it is understood in the context of an MPP that increases or decreases the photoelectric load impedance that a multimodal opto-DC-DC power converter or multi-peak converter functional control circuit (26) can be responsive to one or more optoelectronic power conditions, such as V" multiplication factor, voltage level, current level or some other signal indicating or calculating set point. In the performance of the switching mode of operation that provides more than one mode (not even simultaneously), or in providing performance that changes the mode of operation The system completes the multi-peak conversion of the DC optical input into a converted optical DC output. Similarly, performance is achieved by providing more than one conversion mode of operation (again, not even simultaneously) , or control of the mode of operation, the system can perform multi-peak control of the operation of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter (4). Embodiments may include two or more modes of operation and are therefore considered to be dual mode power Conversion circuit or dual mode converter. The dual mode performance of this circuit is reflected in significant benefits, another difference will be most DC/DC conversion It is generally intended to produce an unadjusted source and produce an adjusted output. -20- 201037958 In the present invention, the input to the DC/DC converter is adjusted to the MPP of the PV panel. The power taken from the PV panel will be converted. Any impedance required in the output connection 'to meet the input MPP requirements without considering the output. In the case where the impedance is changed such that the output voltage is lower than the input voltage, T3 will be driven in a continuous conduction state, and T4 is in a non-conducting state, T1 And T2 operate in the switch mode task cycle state. The operation of this task cycle is synchronous, since transistor T2 can be a switch synchronized with T1 (reverse task cycle). T2 can be a lower RDS(ON) FET. It has a smaller loss than the two-pole body at this position. Through synchronous operation, the circuit can have extremely high efficiency as follows. The circuit has a problem that current passes through the additional transistor T3. There is a lower loss when not energized. Obviously, a similar operation can achieve the embodiment shown in Figure 5B. The second mode of the circuit shown in Figure 5A includes the need to change the impedance to make the output voltage In the case of input voltage, T1 can now be converted to a continuous conduction state. T2 can be non-conductive. Now, transistors T3 and T4 are controlled in switch mode. You can see that this idea applies. First, all switches are A transistor with a lower on-state loss. Second, the boost section operates efficiently, with additional losses due to dual mode performance in the on-state loss of transistor T1. The circuit can also be utilized to save size. , Space and Cost Common Inductor L1. Further, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that similar operations can be used to implement the embodiment shown in Figure 5B. Interestingly and as will be discussed in detail below, current efficiency is sometimes low. At 91% of the time, the circuit can meet the predetermined requirements, and can achieve -98% of the operating efficiency of -21,037,958 and even an efficiency level of up to 99.2%. When connected to a solar panel or a solar panel, this The difference in efficiency will be very important. Of course, isolated and non-isolated impedance conversions similar to many types of DC/DC converters can be used in other disclosed aspects of the present invention, and most arbitrary DC/DC converter topologies can be used in this function, by This is included in the present invention. As briefly mentioned above, there is an alternating manner of operation, and the system can fluctuate between different modes based on parameters or other displays or calculations (and obtain a fluctuation 〇 conversion mode). In one mode or another embodiment that is essentially dedicated to startup, the power conditioner (17) or other system components can provide an alternate mode of optoelectronic power converter functionality control (27). It is a dedicated switch between modes at least some time. These modes can be conversion modes, so the system can provide a method of fluctuation that produces solar power. As indicated above, these modes can be opposite or opposite modes, substantially separate or other modes. In the specific control of the specific operation mode, the system prohibits the useless mode. This is important, for example, to achieve the following higher efficiency standards. Referring to the embodiment of the photoelectric impedance conversion display of Figures 5A and 5B, it will be appreciated how embodiments of the present invention inhibit photoelectric DC-DC power conversion mode or at least some of the time, and thus the system can provide an ineffective alternating mode of photovoltaic Power conversion control circuit (28). As discussed with reference to the switching operation of the MPP above, one or more switches, such as opto-electric power parallel switching components (25), a photovoltaic power series switching component (24) or the like, may be disabled during operation. This will achieve the performance of the comparative operational mode or, more importantly, the efficient operation of the -22-201037958 that was previously considered impossible. Thus, embodiments can provide a converter power circuit in a photo-inactive mode. Having superior performance is a property of embodiments of the present invention, and the solar source or panel can accommodate different operating conditions. As shown in Fig. 7A and Fig., the operating voltage at the maximum power point will vary depending on whether the solar source is at or low temperature. Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide extended performance by allowing MPP to accommodate any voltage limited impedance conversion. The converter is actually an O-DC-DC power converter in the full photoelectric temperature and voltage operating range, so that it can operate at the same low pressure as the MPP of the MPP during low temperature operation and the MPP at the time of high temperature operation. Thus, as can be seen from Figures 7A and 7B, the system can convert the photovoltaic power circuit to the photovoltaic power conversion control and the solar power source maximum power point thermal voltage deterministic photoelectric power conversion circuit. It can be realized that the rotation in the full photoelectric temperature and voltage operating range can be realized through the proper operation switching task cycle, and thus the system, the yang energy open circuit voltage, the deterministic task, the cyclic power distribution, and the solar energy 率w rate point thermal voltage decisive task cycle power distribution (switching) . In addition, observing the thermal and cold voltages, such as extreme conditions, similarly explains how the system accepts different amounts of solar radiation, so the system has an insolation-changing photoelectric conversion energy control circuit, regardless of whether the plate is blocked or even adjacent to the adjacent plate. Can extract MPP. The system and its ring distribution can be adapted to the amount of solar radiation, so the conversion step can be adapted to suit the change. This is especially noticeable in new technology boards such as cadmium telluride, especially when combining optoelectronics from boards with large operating voltages, ie, various 7B high temperature-independent boards. Control change. This is for the maximum work. It can be adapted to the sub-coverage task. The amount of radiant solar energy plate -23- 201037958 cadmium solar panel serial output. As early as possible, it is very important that the efficiency of the converter is running. This can be defined as the power that is output after converting the power from the previous conversion. A transistor switch that operates in switch mode achieves some efficiency gains, but topology is more important at this point. In particular, by operating the switches as described above, the system can far exceed the efficiency levels previously conceivable. It even achieves a fundamental power isomorphic opto-electronic DC-DC power conversion that does not convert power to heat but converts it to electrical energy, achieving efficiencies as high as approximately 99.2%. ^ This can be achieved by using the basic axiom isomorphic photoelectric converter function and the basic power isomorphic photoelectric impedance converter, as well as by controlling the operation switch, so the loss is limited as described above. This operation can achieve levels of 97, 97.5, 98, 98.5 or even up to 99.2 or essentially the efficiency of wire transmission losses (think of it may be higher). One aspect that helps achieve this efficiency is the minimum amount of energy stored during the conversion. As shown in Figures 5A and 5B, this embodiment can include a parallel capacitor and a series inductor. This can be used to store energy at least several times during the conversion run. It can be found that full energy conversion is not achievable, and the amount of conversion is necessary for the expected results obtained. Thus embodiments can function as low energy storage optoelectronic DC-DC power converters and even partial energy storage optoelectronic DC-DC power converters. In the case where the input voltage and the output voltage are almost equal to the unified conversion of the & converter, the energy storage hardly changes, so the system exhibits an embodiment of the photoelectric DC-DC power converter with substantially constant energy storage. The task cycle energy storage can be proportional to the voltage in the conversion (linear, continuous or not). The energy stored in the inductor -24- 201037958 can be proportional to the duty cycle of one or more switches. Partial efficiency is considered to be the result of the switch remaining static or open during operation. Thus the embodiment provides a photoelectric switching control circuit for static switch alternate mode, and similar, static switching. A step switch component control circuit is also provided. The switch can be controlled in the operational variable task cycle mode, thus changing the distribution frequency to achieve the desired effect. The converter functional control circuit (8) can function as a photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit. Task cycle operation ® and power distribution can achieve a variety of results, from the photoelectric impedance conversion task cycle to other operations. Some of these are even contrary to the conversion of the primary purpose of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter (4). Although the above circuit surface is good in theory or in daily operation, there is an additional need for a system having practical functions. For example, the aforementioned dual mode circuit will produce an infinite output voltage if no load is present. This situation often occurs in practice. Consider the morning situation when the sun first illuminates the PV panel string with the power conditioner (17). There is no power network connection at this time, and the converter section does not pump any power. In this case, the power regulator (17) will increase its output voltage during actual operation until the converter is damaged. The converter has overvoltage protection on its input to add additional power conversion components, or the power regulator can simply have its own internal output voltage limit. For example, if each power regulator (17) produces a maximum voltage of 100 volts, the maximum output voltage of a series of 10 PCs in series will be 100 volts. This output voltage limit will make the net junction converter less complicated and expensive, and the voltage limit as shown in Figure 7A resetting the overvoltage limit. The embodiment can show the maximum voltage deterministic power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit and the maximum photovoltaic voltage deterministic task cycle power distribution (shown in Figure 7A with a reset overvoltage limit display) due to -25-201037958. It can be a specific converter. The maximum output current limit can also be very useful, as shown in Figure 7A as a preset overcurrent limit. This is less concise and involves the performance of the PV panel. If the PV panel is not exposed to sufficient light, its output voltage will decrease but its output current may not increase. The advantage is that only a small margin of variation is allowed for the extra current. For example, a board of the same 100 watts with a maximum voltage limit of 1 watt can have a current limit of 2 amps without limiting its intended use. This also greatly simplifies the subsequent state of the mesh converter. Consider the converter case in a large device that requires a front-end shunt breaker for protection. If the output of the PC reaches 100 amps, the circuit breaker will resolve the impractical current. This situation does not occur in non-PC environments, as a simple PV panel string can be easily damaged by the circuit breaker circuitry. Only a PC needs such a current limiting circuit and this can also be achieved simply by a task cycle or more precisely switching the operation control. Once the current limit is included in 〇 W another, BOS savings will be achieved. The interconnected wire sizes of serial PC strings are now limited to sizes that can only support the maximum current limit. The embodiments herein may represent a maximum photoinverter current converter functional control circuit, an inverter maximum current decisive power distribution, a photoreactor maximum current deterministic task cycle switch control circuit, and a photoreactor maximum current deterministic task cycle power distribution. Wait. Continue to discuss the issue of another system. In solar installations, extremes can also occur, where the board or board area receives more than full-day energy -26-201037958. This occurs when there is a fire condition and a cloud or other reflective surface. The PV source will produce approximately 1.5 times the rated power in a few minutes. The networked inverter section must be able to operate at higher power (increased cost) or must be avoided to some extent. The power limit of the PC is the most effective way to solve this problem. In general, the protection of some other components can be done by the converter. Even the back-end or downstream components such as inverters, so the converter functional control circuit (8) functions as a photo-inverter protection mode for photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and is considered to be a photo-electric inverter. The protection converter functionally controls the D circuit. In addition to protection, an ideal inverter or other operating condition can be implemented by a converter, and thus embodiments can include a converter functional control circuit for the operating conditions of the photoinvertor. This can be done in a simple manner by a series of adjustments, such as adjusting the modal or opto-inverter or back-end components through a photo-inverter or back-end component to adjust the converter's functional control circuitry. There are also embodiments with a smaller output voltage (within the allowable output voltage range). As shown in Figures 7A, 7B and 9, boundary conditions such as overcurrent limiting and overvoltage limiting can be set. Therefore, the converter and/or its control circuit functions as a functional control circuit of the optical D electric boundary condition converter, realizes the photoelectric boundary condition mode of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion, and can complete the control of the photoelectric DC-DC converter. The steps of the photoelectric boundary conditions. Another mode of operation is to obtain a certain proportion (a broad sense) of ambiguity. For example, it is advantageous to generate a voltage proportional to the current to provide smooth starting performance and the like. It is thus configurable to control an embodiment of the maximum photo output voltage that is proportional to at least some number of photo-electric output currents during the step of converting the DC input to the DC output. In general, a soft-switching opto-electric power conversion control circuit is also available from -27-201037958. The system may include task cycle control or switching operation 'guided them to achieve one or more ratios between maximum voltage output and current output, and the like. Furthermore, it is not only possible to combine any of the above structures, and each of them can be categorized in a subsidiary manner. Therefore, one modal consideration is secondary to the other modality. They can be implemented by simply changing the duty cycle or switch affected by the switch. They can be completed according to the threshold and provide an optional mode for triggering the threshold, a threshold, a threshold, a threshold, a threshold, or a live power conversion control circuit. The operation of the pulse train mode can be realized, for example, when approaching a mode change level operation, and the averaging frequency can be alternated at this time, and the level can be lowered as the change back to the initial stage. This can also be transient. The photoelectric power conversion control circuit and the pulse train mode power distribution of the pulse train mode power distribution can be completed in this manner, and the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit of the transient relative mode and the step of establishing the relative power distribution mode in the transient mode can be performed in this manner. carry out. As mentioned above, the PC and opto-electronic DC-DC power converter (4) can operate a single board. They can be attached to or separated from the board, frame. Embodiments have converters that are physically integrated with such boards, in the form of their attached units as final devices. This is highly desirable, such as when separate solar sources and adjacent solar sources have independent operating conditions to accommodate different solar radiation, conditions, or other conditions. Each board or the like implements its own MPP and is protected the same as other boards on the string.

Figure 10 shows one type of optoelectronic DC-AC inverter (5) that can be used. It can be easily seen from the previous comments that an enhanced inverter that does not require control of MPP -28-201037958 and is selectively protected by the converter can be used. The inverter even has a separate control input so the input voltage can be optimized, such as a separate dessert shown in thick lines in Figure 9. Although other inventions of the assignee relate to these aspects, they are considered to be arbitrarily obtained from the converters described herein, and thus a more conventional inverter is shown in FIG. It provides connectivity to some types of AC power grid interfaces (9). As the invention becomes more recognized, it is still beneficial to compare it to more conventional techniques. This can be achieved by a simple switching operation in which the traditional mode is very cumbersome or easier to imitate. Thus, embodiments may include a solar power conversion comparator (29) to compare the first and second operational modes, or the improved mode of one embodiment of the present invention, as well as conventional less efficient modes. The comparator can include a display of some solar parameters for each panel. In this regard, it is beneficial to operate the inactive components in parallel switches. From here, we can see a variety of differences, such as solar output, solar efficiency differences, solar cost differences, solar solar utilization comparisons. ^ At least some of the following benefits can be achieved through the combination of these aspects and circuits: Each PV panel can achieve its single maximum power. Many current evaluations suggest that this can increase the power generated by 20% PV devices or higher. The networked inverter can be greatly simplified and more efficient operation. It can reduce the system running cost of the PV device. The circuits, concepts, and methods of various embodiments of the present invention are widely applicable. It can use one or more PCs on each board. For example, there may be inhomogeneities on the single -29-201037958 board or other reasons to derive power from the uniform portion of the board. It is also possible, for example, to optimize the power obtained from the board using a small power converter on the board portion. The invention expressly indicates the application including the sub-board. The invention is preferably used in a panel string. For example, it is economical to simply use a PC on each column of a large device. This is especially beneficial in parallel series. If a series of columns does not produce enough power to form a voltage, the remaining series will be generated. At this point, each string of PCs can increase the power gain of a large device. The invention is assumed to include a number of physical device options. For example, there may be a physical connection hardware between the PC and the board. An interconnect box can also be present in a serial array in which PCs are installed in each column. A given board can have one or more PCs that break into the board. All of the above are discussed in the field of solar power applications. It can be appreciated that even if not all aspects, portions can be applied to other fields. Thus, this description should be understood to support other applications of the converter, regardless of how it is applied and even whether it is used as a power converter, impedance converter, voltage converter or others. As can be readily seen from the above, the basic idea of the present invention can be embodied in a variety of ways. This includes both solar energy generation technologies and devices to achieve proper power generation. In the present application, power generation techniques are disclosed as part of the results achieved by various steps inherent in the circuits and devices and uses. They are a direct result of the use of the devices and circuits referred to. Moreover, while revealing the same circuits, it will be appreciated that they may not only perform a particular method but may also vary in a number of ways. More importantly, for the above, all of these aspects are to be understood as falling within the scope of this specification. The discussion included in this application is intended to be a basic explanation. Reading a particular discussion does not explicitly describe all possible real multiple options as uncertain. The nature is not fully described herein, and it is not explicitly shown how a feature or component may be in the art or have many alternative or equivalent components. Again, the statement is not explicitly stated. It is device-oriented that describes each function of the present invention implicitly. The device patents 〇 contain only the devices and circuits, and include methods or process variations to clarify the function of the invention and the function of each component. It is not intended to limit the scope of the application included in the subsequent patent application. It will be appreciated that variations may be made without departing from the elements of the invention. They are still within the scope of the invention. Variations of the illustrated embodiments, including the alternative embodiments, are included in the broad sense, and the description also includes a broadly defined method or process, and the invention is intended to be included in the scope of the patent application. Language changes and wider or more detailed patent protection will follow. On the basis of this understanding, the reader is informed that this specification supports all subsequent patent applications, and the applicant has the right to seek a wide range of content in the scope of the patent application, which is designed to cover the present invention. Multiple patents as well as a system as a whole. In addition, any of the various components of the present invention and the applicant for the patent box can be consciously applied; the invention is broadly described in the general disclosure of the invention, and the scope of the device is not limited to the patent specification or the patent scope to obtain a variety of clear and practical instructions. Or the understanding of the process should be understood as the aspect of the patent application with the basics; the circumference can be obtained in more than 31-201037958. In addition, when used or implied, an element should be understood to include a singular or a plurality of structures that may or may not be physically connected. This description is understood to include any such variations, any device embodiments, methods, or process embodiments, or merely variations of examples of variations of any of these components. In particular, it will be understood that the terms of each component may be expressed in equivalent device terms or method terms as long as the function or result is the same. Such equivalent, broader or generic terms are considered to include a description of each component or action. These terms may be substituted so that the scope of the invention is intended to cover the scope of the invention. Even if there is only one embodiment, it should be understood that all actions express a functioning method or a component that causes the action. Similarly, each physical component disclosed should be understood to include a disclosure of the actions that these physical components perform. With regard to this last aspect, even if there is only one embodiment, the disclosure of "converter" should be understood to include all "conversion" actions (whether or not explicitly discussed or not), and conversely, "conversion" actions This disclosure of effective disclosure should also be understood to include the disclosure of "converters," and "transformed devices." Such transformations and variations are to be understood as being expressly included in this specification. The use of any of the patents, publications, and other references cited in the application, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, the entire disclosure of the entire disclosure of the disclosure of 'As for each term used, it should be understood that each term and all definitions, optional affiliations, and synonyms should be understood as a definition of a general dictionary, except in the use of this application, which is inconsistent with widely accepted interpretations, such as in Random - 32- 201037958

The meaning of House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary, the second edition of which is incorporated herein by reference. Finally, all references listed in the list of referenced information, including or not included in the present application, are hereby incorporated by reference, however, for each of the above references, Information or content that is not consistently incorporated as a reference is not directly considered to be the meaning expressed by the applicant. Reference List I. US Patent File Number and Category Code (if known) Publication Date Month Day (mm-dd-yyyy) Patentee or Applicant Name 4127797 11-28-1978 Perper 4375662 03-01-1983 Baker 4390940 06-28-1983 C orbefin et al. 4404472 09-13-1983 Steigerwald 4445049 04-24-1984 Steigerwald 14626983 12-02-1986 Harada et al. 4725740 02-16-1988 Nakata 5027051 06-25-1991 Lafferty 5747967 05-05-1998 Muljadi et al. 6081104 06-27-2000 Kern 6281485 08-28-2001 Siri 6282104 08-28-2001 Kern 6351400 02-26-2002 Lumsden 6369462 04-09-2002 Siri 6448489 09-10- 2002 Kimura et al. -33- 201037958 File number and category code (if known) Publication date Month year (mm-dd-yyyy) Patentee or applicant name 6791024 09-14-2004 Toy omura 6889122 05-03 -2005 Perez 6914418 07-05-2005 Sung 7091707 08-15-2006 Cutler 7158395 0 1 -02-2007 Deng et al. 7227278 06-05-2007 Realmuto et al. 7274975 09-25-2007 Miller 2005002214A1 0 1 /06 /2005 Deng et al. 2005068012A1 03/31/2005 Cutler 2005162018A1 07 /28/2005 Realmuto et al. 2006103360A9 05/18/2006 Cutler I 2006174939A1 08/10/2006 Matan | 2007035975A1 02/15/2007 Dickerson et al. | 20010007522 A1 07-12-2001 Nakagawa et al. I 20030 1 1 1 1 03 A1 06-19-2003 Bower et al. I 20070069520 A1 03-29-2007 S chetter s | 20070133241 A1 06-14-2007 Mumtaz et al. 199105027051 02/25/1991 Laffferty 200106281485 08/28/2001 Siri 200206369462 04/09/2002 Siri 1200707158395 01/02/2007 Deng et al 200707227278 06/05/2007 Realmuto et al. -34- 201037958 II. Foreign patent documents

Foreign patent documents reveal the name of the patentee or applicant in the future. 0 2004100344 A2 11/18/2004 Ballard Power Systems Corporation WO 2004100348 A1 11-18-2004 Encesys Limited WO 2005027300 A1 03/24/2005 Solarit AB WO 2005036725 A1 04 -21-2005 Konin-Klijke Philips Electronics WO 2006005125 A1 01/19/2006 Central Queensland University et al. WO 20060071436 A2 07/06/2006 ISG Technologies, LLC WO 2006013600 A2 02/09/2006 Universita Degli Studi DiRoma uLa Sapienza" WO 2006013600 A3 02/09/2006 Universita Degli Studi DiRoma "La Sapienza" WO 2006048688 A2 05-11-2006 Encesys Limited WO 2006048689 A2 05-11-2006 Encesys Limited WO 2006048689 A3 05-11-2006 Encesys Limited WO 2006137948 A2 12 /28/2006 ISG Technologies, LLC WO 2007007360 A2 01/18/2007 Universita Degli Studi Di Salerno WO 2007080429 A2 07-19-2007 Encesys Limited JP 198762154121A2 Kyogera Corp EP 0964415 A1 12/15/1999 Igarashi, Katsuhiko-TDK Corp EP 0780750 B1 03/27/2002 Nakata, et al. EP 1120895 A3 05/06/2004 Murata M Anufacturing Co, et al. EP 0964415 A1 12/15/1999 TDK Corp, et al. GB 2434490 A 07/25/2007 Enecsys Limited, et al. GB 2421847 A 07/05/2006 Enecsys Limited, et al. GB 2419968 A 05/10/2006 Enecsys Limited, et al. -35- 201037958 Foreign patent documents reveal the name of the patentee or applicant of the later period GB 2415841 A 01/04/2006 Enecsys Limited, et al. GB 612859 11/18/ 1948 Statndard Telephones and Cables Limited DE 310,362 09/26/1929 Rheinishce Metallwaaren-Und Maschinenfabrik Sommerda Aktien-Gesellschaft JP 2002231578 A 08/16/2002 Meidensha Corp JP 2000020150 A 01/21/2000 Toshiba Fa Syst Eng Corp, et al· JP 08066050 A 03/08/1996 Hitachi Ltd JP 08033347 A 02/02/1996 Hitachi Ltd, et al. JP 07222436 A 08/18/1995 Meidensha Corp JP 05003678 A 01/08/1993 Toshiba F EE Syst KK, et al.

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Bower, et al. Innovative PV Micro-inverter Topology Eliminates Electrolytic Capacitors for Longer Lifetime, 1-4244-0016-3/06 IEEE p. 2038 Gene Z. Guo, Design of a 400W, 1Φ. Buck-Boost inverter for PV Applications 32. nd. Annual Canadian Solar Energy Conference June 10, 2007

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Kang, F. et al., photovoltaic power interface concuitry incorporated with a buck-boost converter and a full-bridge_inverter; -36- 201037958 doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2004.10.009

Kretschmar K., et al. An AC converter with a small DC link capacitor for a 15kW permanent magnet synchronous integral motor, Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives, 1998. Seventh International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 456) Volume , Issue , 21-23 Sep 1998 Page(s): 622 - 625

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Matsuo, H. et al., Novel solar cell power supply system using the multiple-input DC-DC converter, Telecommunications Energy Conference, 1998. INTELEC. Twentieth International, Volume, Issue, 1998 Page(s): 797 - 8022

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Walker, GR et al., "PV String Per-Module Power Point Enabling Converters," School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, presented at the Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC2003, Christchurch, September 28 - October 1 , 2003. Hashimoto, et al. A Novel High Performance Utility Interactive photovoltaic inverter System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan, p. 2255 Shimizu, et Al. Generation Control circuit for photovoltaic Modules, Eli Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol 16, No. 3, May 2001 United States Provisional Application filed October 15, 2007, Serial Number 60/980,157

United States Provisional Application filed October 23, 2007, Serial Number 60/982,053

United States Provisional Application filed November 15, 2007, Serial Number 60/986,979 -37-201037958 Accordingly, it is to be understood that the Applicant supports the scope of the patent application and describes the following patent claims: i) each of the disclosed and described herein; Related methods disclosed and described; iii) similar, equivalent, or even implicit variations of each of these methods; iv) variations of those designs that implement any of the functions shown; v) complete hidden reveals and Variations of those designs of any of the functions illustrated; applications of any of the features, components, and steps illustrated for the separation and independent invention are improved by the various systems or components disclosed; viii) such components are produced The final product; ix) any of the systems, methods and components shown or described in connection with any of the fields or devices; X) substantially as described in any of the accompanying embodiments, and xi) Various combinations and permutations; xii) any potential sub-applications or mournings that rely on any of the exclusive patent scopes or tribute attachments herein; and xiii) all the hairs described herein Bright. In addition to the aspects of the invention and the obedience to programming or other programmable electronic automation, it should be understood that the applicant has supported the application of the patent specification. The content includes at least the following aspects: xiv) Computer-implemented method; XV) may be prepared in the above discussion; xvi) computer-readable memory that encodes data to guide a computer or device having the functions as discussed above; xvii) as shown and described Computer; xviii) a subprogram or program as disclosed and described herein; xix) reveals and describes related methods for each of these systems and methods, similar to the lamp or even implicit; xxi) implementations disclosed herein and The description of any of the functions of the power supply device and the implementation and description of the realization of Vi) to make a poly; vii) system or structure to adapt to any previous application scope and computer transfer of the book and in the middle The description of the design includes the variants of the variants contained herein; XX) variants 38- 201037958; xxii) any features, components and features as shown in the separate and independent inventions Step; and xxiv) various combinations and permutations of any of the above. For the scope of the patent application that will be submitted for review now or subsequently, it should be understood that for practical reasons and to avoid excessive expansion of the review object, the applicant may submit at any time only the original scope of the patent application or have an initial attachment. The scope of the initial patent application for the scope of the patent application. Officials and any third person interested in the potential scope of this or subsequent applications should be understood to be submitting a wider range of patent applications on a later date, ^ ie in requesting the benefit of the case or any preliminary modification, Other modifications, the language of the patent application, or the contention of the dispute, and therefore will not abandon or reject any potential subject matter in any pending case. The examiner and any public interested in or appearing to be interested in or suggesting that any opportunity may waive or reject the potential subject matter should be aware that in the absence of an implied description, neither this application nor any subsequent application appears. It would be considered to be a series of so-called abstentions or methods. Limitations such as those proposed in Hakim V. Cannon Avent Group, PLC, 479 F. 3d 1313 (Fed. Cir 2007) are not directly included in the related subject matter of this application or any subsequent application. In addition, the disclosure herein should be considered to comply with the requirements of the new review guidelines, including but not limited to the European Patent Convention Regulation 123(2) and the US Patent Law 35 USC 13 2 or other laws to allow for the addition of an independent patent application. Any of a variety of sub-application patents or other components that appear to be in the scope of the patent application scope or component of any other independent patent application or complication. In designing these patent applications or any of the scope of the patent application filed in the hereinafter, it is understood that the applicant intends to extend the scope of the coverage as much as possible within the scope permitted by law. For those who do not have a practical basis, in order to literally include any particular format instance, the scope of the patent application that the applicant is in fact unable to design, and other applicable scope, the applicant should not be considered to have intentionally or in fact abandoned the scope. However, the applicant cannot simply predict all incidents; those skilled in the art should not question the need to obtain a patentable scope that can literally include all such alternative embodiments. In addition, if used or when used, the use of the generic term "comprising" refers to the scope of the open patent application, and, unless otherwise stated, the word "comprising" and its various variants are understood. References are made to the components or steps or a set of components or steps that are included in the claims, and do not exclude the inclusion of any other components or steps or a set of components or steps. This term should be interpreted in a broad sense to cover the largest range of IS! In the meantime, the scope of any patent application filed here is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety in the the the the the the the the the And the right of any part or component thereof, the applicant also reserves the right to move any part or all of the combined parts of the scope of the patent application or any part or component thereof from the specification to the scope of the patent application as a limitation of the application or any The right to continue to apply, to divide the application, or to continue to apply for the necessary content of the subject of demand protection, or to reduce the cost, or to make it necessary to comply with any country's patent laws, rules or provisions or treaties, including any The content of the continuation of the application, division of the application, or part of the continuation of the application, or its partial re-issuance or its extension, the entire review of the application -40-201037958, should retain such intrusion as a reference [simplified description] Showing a single typical solar source in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention Schematic of a system change. 2 shows a plurality of schematic diagrams of interconnected panel strings in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a plot of current vs. voltage for a typical solar panel. Ο Figure 4 shows a plot of power and voltage for a similar board. Figures 5A and 5B show two types of dual mode energy conversion circuits such as those used in embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the invention in series connected plates and a single netk converter configuration. Figures 7A and 7B show examples of points and outputs of solar energy output under operating conditions at different temperatures. Figure 8 is a graph showing the loss topology and range of the prior art compared to the present invention. Figure 9 is a graph showing the combined protective conditions and overall process conditions for an operational embodiment in accordance with the present invention. Figure 10 shows a prior art system with a net junction converter. [Main component symbol description] None. -41-

Claims (1)

201037958 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A wave conversion mode solar energy system, comprising: at least one solar energy source with DC photoelectric output; a DC input receiving power from the aforementioned DC photoelectric output; and a first mode photoelectric response to the aforementioned DC input a DC-DC power conversion circuit; a second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the aforementioned DC input; 0 an exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit configured to be in the aforementioned first mode photoelectric DC-DC Selectively switching between the power conversion circuit and the aforementioned second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit at least several times; an optoelectronic DC-DC power converter responsive to the aforementioned switched mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit; Photoelectric DC power output of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter, 0 DC-AC photoinverter responsive to the aforementioned optoelectronic DC power output; and opto-electronic power output responsive to the aforementioned opto-electronic DC-AC inverter. 2 For example, the wave conversion mode solar energy system of the patent specification @第1 item The aforementioned switching mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit includes an invalid switching mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 3 undulation conversion mode solar energy system of the second aspect of the patent scope, -42- 201037958 wherein the aforementioned first modal photoelectric dc-dc power conversion circuit and the aforementioned second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit comprise opposite modal optical DC - DC power conversion circuit. 4. The wave conversion mode solar energy system of claim 3, wherein the aforementioned opposite mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit comprises at least one photoelectric impedance increasing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit and at least one photoelectric impedance reduction Small photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit. 5. The wave switching mode solar energy system of claim 1, wherein the aforementioned switching mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a substantially separate impedance converting photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 6. The wave conversion mode solar energy system of claim 1, wherein the exchange mode photoelectric converter functional control circuit comprises an exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit selected from the group consisting of: photoelectric impedance conversion power Functional control circuit; maximum photoelectric inverter current functional control circuit; maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit; photoelectric inverter operating condition converter functional control circuit; photoelectric load impedance increase converter functional control Circuit and photoelectric load impedance reduction converter functional control circuit; slave maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit; slave photoelectric inverter operating condition converter functional control circuit; slave photoelectric load impedance increase converter functionality Control circuit; -43- 201037958 Slave photoelectric load impedance reduction converter functional control circuit; Slave photoelectric load impedance increase converter functional control circuit and slave photoelectric load impedance reduction functional control circuit; Photoelectric boundary condition converter function Sex Circuit circuit; the subsequent photoelectric element protection converter functional control circuit; photoelectric inverter protection converter functional control circuit; photoelectric inverter adjusted converter functional control circuit; and all the above arrangement and combination . 〇 7. The wave conversion mode solar energy system of claim 1, further comprising a photoelectric power condition response circuit responsive to the exchange mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 8. The wave conversion mode solar energy system of claim 7, wherein the exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a switching mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 9. The wave conversion mode solar energy system of claim 1 or 6 of the patent scope further includes an AC power network interface that provides energy from the aforementioned AC power output. 10. A solar energy converter comprising: at least one solar energy source having a DC photo-electric output; a DC input receiving power from the aforementioned DC photo-electric output; a first modal optical-to-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the DC input; The second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit of the aforementioned DC input response; -44- 201037958 The switching mode photoelectric power converter functional control is set to be selected a few times between the aforementioned first mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion second mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit; for the aforementioned switching mode photoelectric power converter function Responsive optoelectronic DC-DC power converter; connected to the rate output of the aforementioned optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. 11.  An efficient solar energy system comprising: at least one solar culvert having a DC photo-electric output receiving DC power from said DC photo-electric output, at least one basic optoelectronic DC-DC power converter responsive to said DC input; for at least one of said basic a substantially identically-powered opto-electrical converter circuit with the same DC-DC response; a rate output coupled to the aforementioned optoelectronic DC-DC power converter; an optoelectronic device responsive to the aforementioned optoelectronic DC power output; and to the aforementioned opto-electronic DC- The light reflected by the AC inverter is turned out. 12. The high-efficiency solar energy system of the nth item of the patent application scope is an optoelectronic DC-DC power converter circuit with substantially the same power, and the matching circuit and the foregoing conversion to the control circuit photoelectric DC power input; the same power of the upper power The converter can control the power photoelectric DC power DC-AC inversion ί AC power transmission S, wherein the aforementioned includes a photoelectric impedance converter of substantially the same power of -45-201037958. 13.  A high efficiency solar energy system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said substantially identical power photoelectric impedance converter comprises a switch mode photoelectric impedance converter of substantially the same power. 14.  The high efficiency solar energy system of claim 13, wherein the at least one solar energy source comprises at least one composite solar panel, wherein the aforementioned DC-DC power converter comprises a plurality of series-connected DC-DC power converters, each responsive to the foregoing One of the composite solar panels, and wherein the plurality of series-connected DC-DC power converters each independently comprise: a separate first modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the aforementioned DC input; Input responsive independent second modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit: and independent switching mode optical power converter functional control circuit configured to operate in the aforementioned first modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit The second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit is selectively switched between at least several times.  The high efficiency solar energy system of claim 14, wherein the independent switching mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a static switching mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 16.  The high efficiency solar energy system of claim 11 or 14, wherein the aforementioned substantially identical power photoelectric converter functional control circuit comprises substantially the same power selected from the group consisting of: -46-201037958 electrical converter Functional control circuit: At least about 97% of high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuits, at least about 97. 5% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98. 5% of high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuits, at least about 97% up to about 99. 2% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97. 5 % up to about 99. 2% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98% up to about 99. 2% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, 至少 at least about 98. 5% up to about 99. 2% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97% high to about wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97. 5% up to about a wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98% up to about the wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, and at least about 98. 5% up to about the wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion 0 circuit. 1 7. A high efficiency solar energy system, such as the patent application scope 1, 1 or 14 or 16 further includes an AC power network interface that provides power from the aforementioned AC power output. 18.  a solar power converter comprising: at least one solar source having a DC optoelectronic output; a DC input receiving power from the aforementioned DC optoelectronic output; at least one optoelectronic DC having a substantially identical power response to the aforementioned DC input - 47- 201037958 A DC power converter; a substantially identically-powered photoelectric converter functional control circuit responsive to at least one of the foregoing substantially identical DC-DC power converters; coupled to the optoelectronic DC power output of the aforementioned optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. 19.  Ο ❹ 20 2 1 A multi-type solar energy system comprising: at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output; a DC input receiving power from the aforementioned DC photoelectric output; at least one multi-mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion responsive to the aforementioned DC input a multi-mode optical converter functional control circuit responsive to at least one of the aforementioned substantially identical DC-DC power converters; an opto-electronic power output coupled to the aforementioned multi-mode photo-DC-DC power converter; A photo-electric DC-AC inverter responsive to the power output; and an opto-electrical AC power output responsive to the aforementioned optoelectronic DC-AC inverter. . A multi-type solar energy system as claimed in claim 19, wherein said at least one multi-mode photo-DC-DC power converter comprises at least one low-energy storage opto-electronic DC-DC power converter. . The multi-type solar energy system of claim 20, wherein the at least one low energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises: At least -48- 201037958 - a partial energy storage optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. twenty two.  For example, in the multi-type solar energy system of claim 20, at least one low energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power converter package has a substantially constant energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power transfer.  For example, the multi-type solar energy system of claim 20, at least one low-energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power converter package, an energy storage-task cycle proportional photoelectric DC-DC power device 〇 24. For example, in the multi-type solar energy system of claim 20, at least one low energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power converter includes a conversion cycle sensor energy-task cycle proportional DC-DC power converter. 25. For example, in the multi-type solar energy system of claim 20, at least one low-energy storage photoelectric DC-DC power converter package has a cycle-connected period energy storage-conversion voltage difference proportional DC-DC power converter. V 26. The multi-type converter functional control circuit includes a type of photoelectric power converter functional control circuit, as claimed in claim 19 or claim 20. 27. The multi-type solar energy system of claim 19, wherein the at least one solar energy source comprises at least one composite solar panel, the at least one multi-mode photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises a multi-mode DC-DC power converter, each pair A response of the aforementioned composite panel, and further comprising a plurality of the aforementioned combinations of at least the converter. The foregoing includes at least the above-mentioned at least photoelectric photoelectric exchange mode in the at least photoelectric conversion, wherein the plurality of strings of solar photovoltaic-49-Ο Ο 201037958 DC converter outputs to generate the aforementioned converter wash 28 · The multi-type solar multi-mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion board is physically integrated as claimed in the 27th patent application. 29. The multi-mode solar multi-converter functional control circuit as claimed in claim 19 includes an optical functional control circuit. 3 0. The multi-type solar multi-converter functional control circuit of claim 29 is further transferred to the conditional converter functional control circuit. 3 1. For example, the scope of the patent application is 19, 29 or 30. The multi-converter functionally controls the phase input voltage of the photoelectric converter.  For example, the above-mentioned multi-type converter functionally controls an optical circuit in which the output voltage is proportional to the photoelectric output current, as described in claim 19, 29 or 30. 33.  The multi-type solar multi-converter functional control circuit as claimed in claim 19 includes: maximum photoinverter current converter work slave maximum photoelectric power point converter work and maximum photoinverter input photoelectric voltage energy control Circuit" i electric DC power output. The V-energy system' wherein the foregoing apparatus and the independent solar energy If energy system, wherein the aforementioned electrical boundary conditional converter y energy system, wherein the foregoing comprises an independent photovoltaic multi-purpose solar energy system, the circuit includes a maximum photoelectric anti-functionality control circuit.匕Multiple solar systems, the road includes the maximum optoelectronic converter functional control I energy system, in which the aforementioned energy control current; energy control circuit; converter output voltage work -50- 201037958 34.  The multi-type solar energy system of claim 19, wherein the multi-type converter functional control circuit comprises: a maximum photo-inverter current converter functional control current; an auxiliary photo-voltage increase and a photo-voltage reduction maximum photoelectric power Point converter functional control circuit; and maximum photoinverter input voltage photoelectric converter output voltage functional control circuit. 35.  The multi-type solar energy system of claim 19, wherein the aforementioned multi-converter functional control circuit comprises a multi-converter functional control circuit selected from the group consisting of: exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control a circuit configured to selectively convert between the first modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit and the second modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit at least several times; the photoelectric load impedance increasing converter functional control circuit and Photoelectric load impedance reduction converter functional control circuit; 〇 photoelectric boundary condition converter functional control circuit; subsequent photoelectric operation condition converter functional control circuit; subsequent photoelectric element protection converter functional control circuit; The same power converter functional control circuit; photoelectric invalid mode converter functional control circuit; photoelectric inverter protection converter functional control circuit; after the inverter adjustment converter functional control circuit; Slave mode converter functional control circuit; and -51- 201037958 light The electric inverter slave converter power control circuit. 36. A multi-type solar energy system as claimed in claim 19, 20, 27 or 35, further comprising an AC power grid interface powered by the aforementioned AC power output. 37. A solar energy converter comprising: at least one solar source having a DC optoelectronic output; a DC input receiving power from the aforementioned DC optoelectronic output; at least one multi-mode photo-DC-DC power converter responsive to the aforementioned DC input: A multi-mode converter functional control circuit responsive to at least one of the foregoing multi-mode optoelectronic DC-DC power converters; and an optoelectronic DC power output coupled to the multi-mode optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. 38. The solar energy system of claim 37, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-AC converter comprises a high voltage DC-AC solar giant inverter. 3 9. The solar energy system of claim 38, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric AC power output comprises a three-phase photoelectric AC power output. 4 0. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output comprises at least one solar cell. 41. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output comprises a plurality of electrically connected solar cells. 42. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein -52-201037958 said at least one solar source having a DC photovoltaic output comprises a plurality of immediately adjacent electrically connected solar cells. 43. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output comprises at least one solar panel. 4 4. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output comprises a plurality of electrically connected solar panels. Ο 45. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said at least one solar energy source having a DC photoelectric output comprises at least one string of electrically connected solar panels. 46.  The solar energy system of claim 44, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises: at least one photoelectric power interruption switching element; at least one photoelectric power parallel switching element; and at least one of the aforementioned photoelectric power interruption switching elements and the aforementioned To a photoelectric switch control circuit that responds to a photoelectric power parallel switching element. 47.  A solar energy system according to claim 44, wherein said at least one power interruption switching element comprises a pair of power series semiconductor switches, and wherein said at least one power parallel switching element comprises a pair of power parallel semiconductor switches. 4 8. The solar energy system of claim 47, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power inverter further comprises: -53- 201037958 a.  At least one shunt capacitor; and b.  At least one series inductance. 49. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 47, wherein said converter functional control circuit comprises a hierarchical switching element control circuit. 5 0. For example, in the solar energy system of claim 44 to 49, the aforementioned control circuit includes a photoelectric impedance conversion task cycle switch control circuit. 5 1. The solar energy system of claim 44, wherein the at least one solar energy source comprises at least one composite solar panel, wherein the at least one optoelectronic DC-DC power inverter comprises a plurality of series photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Each of the plurality of solar panels in response to the foregoing, and further comprising a series connected to the plurality of optoelectronic converter outputs to produce the aforementioned converter optoelectronic DC power output. 5 2. A solar energy system as in claim 51, wherein said plurality of optoelectronic DC-DC power converters comprise a plurality of individual boards for the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. 5 3 _ The solar energy system of claim 52, wherein the aforementioned converter functional control circuit comprises a plurality of independent boards for maximum optoelectronic power point converter functional control circuitry. 5 4. The solar energy system of claim 53, wherein the plurality of independent boards for the photoelectric OC-DC power converter and the plurality of independent boards for the maximum power point converter functional control circuit are each independent The solar panels are physically integrated. -54- 201037958 55.  A solar energy system according to claim 52, wherein said plurality of independent panels for said photovoltaic DC-DC power converter and said plurality of solar panels comprise a plurality of series of solar circuits connected in series. 56.  The solar energy system of claim 55, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-AC inverter comprises a high voltage DC-AC solar inverter. 5 7. The solar energy system of claim 56, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric AC power output comprises a three-phase photoelectric AC power output. 58. The solar energy system of claim 44, wherein the plurality of D solar panels comprise a plurality of cadmium telluride solar panels. 5 9. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 51 or 55, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises a complete photoelectric temperature voltage operating range photoelectric DC-DC power converter. 6 0. The solar energy system of claim 11 or 19, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises: a first modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the aforementioned DC input; and r\U a second modal photo-DC-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the DC input; and wherein the aforementioned converter functional control circuit includes a conversion mode optical power converter functional control circuit configured to be in the aforementioned first modal optical DC The DC power conversion circuit and the aforementioned second modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit are selectively switched at least several times. 6 1. For example, in the solar energy system of claim 60, wherein the aforementioned conversion mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit includes an invalid conversion -55-201037958 mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 6 2. A solar energy system according to claim 61, wherein said first modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit and said second modal photoelectric DC_DC power conversion circuit comprise opposite modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuits. 63. The solar energy system of claim 62, wherein the aforementioned opposite modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit comprises at least one impedance increasing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit and at least one impedance reducing photoelectric 〇 DC-DC power conversion Circuit. 6 4. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 60, wherein said exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a substantially separate impedance converted photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 65. The solar energy system of claim 60, wherein the exchange mode photoelectric converter functional control circuit comprises an exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit selected from the group consisting of: a photoelectric impedance conversion power functional control circuit; 〇Maximum photoelectric inverter current functional control circuit; Maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit; Photoelectric inverter operating condition converter functional control circuit; Photoelectric load impedance increase converter functional control circuit and photoelectric load Impedance reduction converter functional control circuit; slave maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit; slave photoelectric inverter operating condition converter functional control circuit; -56- 201037958 slave photoelectric load impedance increase converter functionality Control circuit; slave photoelectric load impedance reduction converter functional control circuit; slave photoelectric load impedance reduction converter functional control circuit and slave photoelectric load impedance reduction functional control circuit; photoelectric boundary condition converter functional control circuit;A photoelectric converter element protection functionality of the control circuit; protection of the photoelectric converter inverter control circuit; a photoelectric converter of the inverter to adjust the functionality of a control circuit; and above all the permutations and combinations. 66. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 65, further comprising a photoelectric power condition response circuit responsive to said exchange mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 67. The solar energy system of claim 66, wherein the exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a switching mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 6 8. The solar energy system of claim 1 or 11, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises at least one multi-mode photoelectric DC-DC inverter, and wherein the aforementioned converter functional control circuit comprises a multi-mode conversion Functional control circuit. 69. The solar energy system of claim 68, wherein said multi-converter functional control circuit comprises a photoelectric boundary condition converter functional control circuit. 7 0. The solar energy system of claim 69, wherein the multi-function converter functional control circuit further comprises an independent photoelectric operating strip -57- 201037958 converter functional control circuit * 7 1. For example, in the solar energy system of claims 68, 69 and 70, the aforementioned multi-converter functional control circuit includes a maximum photoinverter input opto-electrical converter output voltage functional control circuit. 72. For example, in the solar energy system of claims 68, 69 and 70, the aforementioned multi-converter functional control circuit includes a photoelectric converter functional control circuit having a maximum photo-electric output voltage and a photoelectric output current proportional. €) 73. The solar energy system of claim 68, wherein the multi-converter functional control circuit comprises: a maximum photoinverter current converter functional control current; a slave maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit; Photoelectric inverter input photoelectric voltage converter output voltage functional control circuit. 74.  The solar energy system of claim 68, wherein the multi-type 〇w converter functional control circuit comprises: a maximum photoinverter current converter functional control current; a slave photovoltage increase and a photovoltage decrease maximum photoelectric power Point converter functional control circuit; and maximum photoinverter input voltage photoelectric converter output voltage functional control circuit. 75.  The solar energy system of claim 68, wherein the multi-converter functional control circuit comprises a multi-58-201037958 type converter functional control circuit selected from the group consisting of: exchange mode photoelectric power converter functionality a control circuit configured to selectively switch between the first modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit and the second photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit at least twice; the photoelectric load impedance increase converter functional control circuit electrical load impedance minus Small converter functional control circuit; photoelectric boundary condition converter functional control circuit; Ο After photoelectric operation condition converter functional control circuit, the latter photoelectric element protection converter functional control circuit is basically the same photoelectric conversion Functional control of the photoelectric photoelectric invalid mode converter functional control circuit; photoelectric inverter protection converter functional control circuit; converter control function control circuit photoelectric auxiliary mode converter functional control after the inverter adjustment Circuit; and photoelectric inverter accessory converter functional control circuitD 7 6. For example, in the solar energy system of claim Scope No. 19, the step includes a solar power conversion comparator that indicates a solar energy parameter of a first power capacity compared to the second power. 7 7. The solar energy system of claim 76, wherein the energy conversion comparator comprises a switching operation switch that switches between the first power capacity and the first rate capacity. 78. For example, in the solar energy system of claim 77, wherein the aforementioned power capacity includes a conventional power conversion capacity, and wherein the first mode of the mode and the light rate of the first phase are -59-201037958, the second power capacity includes improvement. Power conversion capacity. 79. The solar energy system of claim 76 or 77, wherein the solar energy conversion comparator comprises a solar energy conversion comparator selected from the group consisting of: solar energy output difference comparator; solar power difference comparator; solar cost difference comparison And solar photovoltaics using comparators. 0 8 0. The solar energy system of claim 78, wherein the improved power conversion capacity comprises an improved power conversion capacity selected from the group consisting of: an exchange mode photoelectric power converter capacity; a substantially identical energy photoelectric impedance converter capacity; And multi-mode photoelectric DC-DC power converter capacity. 81.  The solar energy system of claim 80, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises a pair of power series semiconductor switches, and wherein the at least one power parallel switching element comprises a pair of power parallel semiconductor switches, and wherein the foregoing The solar energy conversion comparator includes a parallel switch operation invalid component. 82.  A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1 or 19 wherein said converter functional control circuit comprises a substantially identical power photoelectric converter functional control circuit. 83.  A solar energy system according to claim 82, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises a photoelectric impedance to-60-201037958 converter having substantially the same power. 84.   Ο 85.  The solar energy system of claim 83, wherein the at least one solar energy source comprises at least one composite solar panel, wherein the aforementioned DC-DC power converter comprises a plurality of DC-DC power converters connected in series, each independent pair One response of the foregoing composite solar panel, and wherein the plurality of series-connected DC-DC power converters each independently comprise: a separate first modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit responsive to the aforementioned DC input; to the aforementioned DC input a responsive independent second modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit; and an independent switched mode optical power converter functional control circuit configured to be in the aforementioned first modal optical DC-DC power conversion circuit and the aforementioned second The modal photoelectric DC-DC power conversion circuit is selectively switched between at least several times. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 84, wherein the aforementioned independent exchange mode photoelectric power converter functional control circuit comprises a static switching exchange mode photoelectric power conversion control circuit. . The solar energy system of claim 83 or 84, wherein the aforementioned substantially power impedance photoelectric converter functional control circuit comprises a substantially identical power photoelectric converter functional control circuit selected from the group consisting of: About 97% of high-efficiency photoelectric conversion circuits, at least about 97. 5% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, -61 - 201037958 At least about 98% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98. 5% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97% up to about 99. 2% efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97. 5% up to about 99. 2% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98% up to about 99. 2% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 98. 5% up to about 99. 2% high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit, at least about 97% up to about wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion circuit, 至少 at least about 97. 5% of high-efficiency optoelectronic conversion circuits with up to about wire transmission losses, at least about 98% up to about a high efficiency photoelectric conversion circuit for wire transmission losses, and at least about 98. 5% high to about the wire transmission loss efficient photoelectric conversion circuit. 8 7. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, further comprising a maximum optoelectronic power point converter functional control circuit responsive to said at least one optoelectronic DC-DC power converter. 8 8. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 87, further comprising a power calculation circuit responsive to said maximum photoelectric power point converter functional control circuit. 89. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 88, wherein the aforementioned power calculation comprises a photomultiplier synthesis circuit. 9 0. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 87, wherein said converter functional control circuit further comprises a separate photoelectric converter maximum voltage output circuit independent of said maximum photoelectric power -62-201037958 rate converter functional control circuit. The solar energy system of claim 90, wherein the at least one solar energy source comprises at least one composite solar panel, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power converter comprises an optoelectronic DC for having a plurality of photoelectric DC power outputs. Multiple independent boards of a DC power converter, wherein each of the aforementioned separate boards for an optoelectronic DC-DC power converter is physically integrated with a separate solar panel, and further includes a plurality of series in series with the aforementioned plurality of optoelectronic DC power outputs The converter outputs are connected in series, and wherein the aforementioned converter functional control circuit includes a plurality of independent boards for the maximum power point converter functional control circuit. 92. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 90, wherein said independent photoelectric converter maximum voltage output control circuit comprises a solar radiation change adaptive photoelectric converter control circuit. 9 3. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, 11 or 19, wherein said converter functional control circuit comprises a photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit. 9 4. The solar energy system of claim 93, wherein the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit comprises a photoelectric impedance conversion task cycle switch control circuit. 95. The solar energy system of claim 93, wherein the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit comprises a photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit selected from the group consisting of: a power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit determined by the threshold; -63- 201037958 Frequency change power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit; pulse mode power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit; and all the above arrangement and combination. 9 6. For example, in the solar energy system of claim 93, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric working loop switch control circuit comprises: a threshold mode determined mode to start the distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit; and a threshold determined mode deactivated power distribution photoelectric power conversion control Circuit. 9 7. The solar energy system of claim 93, wherein the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit comprises a photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit selected from the group consisting of: a solar energy source open circuit, a cold voltage-determined power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit: the sun Power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit determined by energy maximum power point thermal voltage; 配电w maximum voltage-determined power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit; inverter maximum current-determined power distribution photoelectric power conversion control circuit; and all the above arrangement combination. 9 8. A solar energy system as claimed in claim 93, wherein said photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit comprises a maximum photoelectric power point converter control circuit. 9 9. The solar energy system of claim 98, wherein the photoelectric-64-201037958 working switch control circuit further comprises a task cycle switch control circuit for determining a maximum voltage of the photoelectric inverter. 100. The solar energy system of claim 98 or claim 99, wherein the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit further comprises a task cycle switch control circuit determined by a maximum photovoltage. 10 1. The solar energy system of claim 98, 99 or 100, wherein the photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit further comprises a task cycle switch control circuit determined by a maximum current of the photoelectric inverter. © 102. A solar energy system of claim 98, 99, 100 or 101, wherein said photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit further comprises a soft-switching photoelectric power conversion control circuit. 103.  For example, in the solar energy system of claim 1, the soft-switching photoelectric power conversion control circuit includes a maximum photoelectric output voltage-photoelectric output current proportional task cycle switch control circuit. 104.  For example, the solar energy system of claim 98, 99, 100, 101 or 103, wherein the aforementioned photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit further comprises a transient relative mode photoelectric task cycle switch control circuit. 1〇5. a method for generating fluctuations in solar energy, comprising the steps of: generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source; establishing the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as a DC photoelectric input of the photoelectric DC-DC power converter; providing the first of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Modal; providing a second mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; inter-conversion between the first mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the second mode of the aforementioned optical-65-201037958 electrical DC-DC power conversion Completing the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output by using at least one of the aforementioned first or the aforementioned second mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; establishing the aforementioned conversion The DC photo-electric output acts as a converted DC optoelectronic input of the DC-AC inverter; and converts the aforementioned converted DC optoelectronic input to a converted AC photo-electric chirp output. 106. A method of wave-generating solar energy according to claim 105, wherein the step of interactively converting between the first mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the second mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion comprises A step of invalidating the mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. 107.  A method of wave-generating solar energy according to claim 106, wherein the step of providing a first mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and a second mode of providing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion comprises providing a photoelectric r\W DC - The opposite mode of DC power conversion. 108.  A method of wave-generating solar energy according to claim 107, wherein the step of providing an opposite mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion comprises the steps of: providing a photoelectric impedance increasing mode of at least one photoelectric DC-DC power conversion And a photoelectric impedance reduction mode that provides at least one photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. -66- 201037958 1〇9·If the scope of application of the patent scope is item i〇5, the foregoing is provided for the separation of the second DC-DC power conversion of the photoelectric DC-DC power photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. As described in claim 105, wherein the foregoing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion is included in the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion step, and is selected from the group consisting of: photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Photoelectric DC-DC power conversion | state; photoelectric DC-DC power conversion of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; combined photoelectric DC-DC power® modal and photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; photoelectric DC-DC power conversion state Mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; state of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; method of wave generation by solar energy, first mode of rate conversion and step of providing mode include steps of providing a photoelectric state. The solar energy generated wave method, the first mode of the power conversion and the step between the first two modes of the interactive conversion step are the photoelectric conversion mode of the alternating conversion of the mode; the maximum photoelectric inverter current mode maximum photoelectric power point Mode; Photoelectric inverter operating condition Mode conversion of photoelectric load impedance increased photoelectric load impedance smaller mode Auxiliary maximum photoelectric power point mode auxiliary photoelectric inverter operating condition slave photoelectric load impedance increasing mode -67- 201037958 Subordinate photoelectric load impedance reduction mode for photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; Photoelectric load impedance increase mode for combined subordinate photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and photoelectric load impedance for subordinate photoelectric DC-DC power conversion ; photoelectric boundary condition mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; photoelectric element protection mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; photoelectric inverter protection mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; photoelectric DC-DC The modal of the power conversion of the photoelectric inverter; and the arrangement and combination of the above. Ηι. The method of fluctuating solar energy generated in claim 105 of the patent application further includes the step of converting the modality in response to at least one optoelectronic power condition. 112.  The method of fluctuating the solar energy generated by the patent application ηη item, Ο w wherein the step of responding to the conversion mode of the at least one optoelectronic power condition comprises the step of triggering the photo DC-DC power conversion. 113.  The method of fluctuating solar energy generated in claim 105 or 11 of the patent application further includes the step of connecting the converted AC photo-electric output to the AC power grid. 114. A method of solar energy conversion comprising the steps of: generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source; establishing the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as a DC photoelectric input of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion-68-201037958; providing photoelectric DC-DC power a first mode of conversion; providing a second mode of photoelectric DC DC power conversion; interchanging between the first mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the second mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Completing the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into a converted DC 〇 photoelectric output using at least one of the aforementioned first or second modalities of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. 11 5.  An efficient method of producing solar energy comprising the steps of: generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one solar source; establishing the aforementioned DC photo-electric output as a DC optoelectronic input of the optoelectronic DC-DC power converter; and arranging the DC at substantially the same power The photoelectric input is converted into a converted DC photoelectric output; the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter 〇 is controlled at substantially the same power, and the operation thereof converts the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the aforementioned DC photoelectric output; establishing the converted DC photoelectric output a converted DC optoelectronic input as a DC_AC inverter; and converting the previously converted DC optoelectronic input to a converted AC optoelectronic output. 116. An efficient method of producing solar energy as claimed in claim 115, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input -69-201037958 into a converted DC photoelectric output at substantially the same power comprises converting the photovoltaic at substantially the same power The step of circuit impedance. 117.  An efficient method of producing solar energy as in claim 116, wherein the step of converting the impedance of the optoelectronic circuit substantially at the same power comprises the step of switching the mode impedance of the optoelectronic circuit. 118.  An efficient solar energy generating method as claimed in claim 117, wherein the step of converting the impedance of the optoelectronic circuit by the switching mode comprises the step of interconverting between photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. 119.  An efficient solar energy generating method as claimed in claim 118 wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input substantially at the same power comprises the step of static switching the aforementioned DC photoelectric input. 120.  An efficient method of producing solar energy according to claim 116 or 118, wherein the foregoing step of converting substantially the same power comprises substantially the same power conversion, selected from the group consisting of: Q having at least A solar conversion of about 97% efficiency, with at least about 97. 5% efficient solar energy conversion, solar energy conversion with at least about 98% efficiency, having at least about 98. 5% efficiency solar conversion, having at least about 97% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion with at least about 97. 5% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion, with at least about 98% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion, -70- 201037958 has at least about 98. 5% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar energy conversion, solar energy conversion having an efficiency of at least about 97% up to about wire transmission loss, having at least about 97. 5% solar energy conversion up to about the efficiency of wire transmission loss, solar energy conversion with an efficiency of at least about 98% up to about wire transmission loss, and Ο 12 1 122.   ❹ has at least about 98. 5% up to about the efficiency of solar wire transmission loss of solar energy conversion. An efficient method of generating solar energy as claimed in claim 115, 118 or 120, further comprising the step of connecting said converted AC photo-electric output to an AC power grid. A method of solar energy conversion comprising the steps of: generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source; establishing the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as a DC photoelectric input of the photoelectric DC-DC power converter; converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input at substantially the same power The converted DC photoelectric output; controls the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter at substantially the same power, while its operation converts the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the aforementioned DC photoelectric output. A multi-method for generating solar energy' comprises the steps of: generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source; -71- 123 201037958 establishing the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as a DC photoelectric input of the photoelectric DC_DC power converter; Converting to converted DC photoelectric output; multi-control controlling the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter, and simultaneously operating the DC photoelectric input to the converted DC photoelectric output; establishing the aforementioned converted DC photoelectric output as DC-AC inverse The converted DC photoelectric input of the phase converter; and the converted DC photoelectric input of the aforementioned conversion is the converted AC photoelectric output. 124.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input multi-mode into a converted DC photoelectric output comprises low energy storage converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output. step. 125.  A multi-method for generating solar energy as claimed in claim 124, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output by the aforementioned low energy storage comprises converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output. The step of storing energy only partially. 126.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 124, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output by the aforementioned low energy storage includes when the DC photoelectric input is uniformly converted into the converted DC photoelectric output. Provides a step of storing a substantially constant energy -72- 201037958. 127. The multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 124, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output by the low energy storage comprises converting the DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output. The step of storing energy that is proportional to the working loop. 128. A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 124, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output of the aforementioned low energy storage comprises using the DC photoelectric input for converting the DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output. The step of storing energy in a sensor that is proportional to the switch working loop. 129. The multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 12, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output by the low energy storage comprises storing the DC photoelectric input to the converted DC photoelectric input by the foregoing conversion. The step of outputting produces a step of energy that is proportional to the voltage difference. Ο 130. A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123 or 124, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input multi-mode into a converted DC photoelectric output includes photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and photoelectric DC-DC power. Steps for interactive conversion between conversions" 13 1. A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123, wherein the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from the at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a plurality of DC photo-electric outputs from the plurality of solar panels and the plurality of converted DC photo-electric outputs. And further comprising the step of concatenating the DC photo-electrical output of the aforementioned -73-201037958 conversion to produce the aforementioned converted DC photoelectric input to the aforementioned photo-DC-AC inversion g. 132.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 131, wherein the foregoing step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input multi-mode into a converted DC photoelectric output comprises converting the DC photoelectric input to converted DC photoelectric on at least one solar panel The steps of the output. 133.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123, wherein the step of controlling the control operation 〇 of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter by the plurality of types includes the step of controlling the photoelectric boundary condition of the photoelectric DC-DC converter. 134.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 133, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type control further includes: in addition to the foregoing steps of controlling boundary conditions of the photoelectric DC-DC converter The step of independently controlling the photoelectric operating conditions of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. 135.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123, 133 or 143, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type control comprises controlling the maximum photoelectric reversal by the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter Phaser input voltage output step. 136.  A multi-method for generating solar energy according to claim 123, 133 or 143, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type control comprises converting the DC photoelectric input to the converted DC photoelectric output. The step of controlling the maximum photo-electrical output voltage proportional to the photo-electric output current at least several times during the process. -74- 201037958 1 3 7 . For example, the device of the above-mentioned photoelectric DC-DC converter is the same as the above-mentioned multi-type control of the above-mentioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. The controlling operation step comprises the steps of: controlling a maximum photoelectric inversion input from the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; slavely controlling operation through a maximum optical power point of the photoelectric DC-DC converter; and controlling the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC The maximum opto-inverting input voltage of the converter. The multi-mode method for generating solar energy according to the 123rd patent of the patent application, wherein the controlling the operation step of the foregoing photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises the following steps: controlling a maximum photoelectric inversion input from the photoelectric DC-DC converter; The photoelectric impedance is greatly increased and the photoelectric impedance is reduced by the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; and the maximum photoelectric phase input voltage is controlled by the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. In the multi-method of generating solar energy according to item 123 of the patent application, the control operation step of controlling the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter in the foregoing multi-form includes a step selected from the group consisting of: the first mode in photoelectric DC-DC power conversion State and photoelectric DC-DC rate conversion of the second mode transition at least several times; photoelectric load impedance increase and photoelectric load impedance reduction; -75- 201037958 control photoelectric conversion boundary conditions; through the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter control To control the subsequent photoelectric operating conditions; to protect the subsequent photovoltaic elements through the control of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; the photoelectric power DC-DC converter has substantially the same power control operation; substantially the same photoelectric conversion a functional control circuit; the photoelectric conversion mode is disabled by the control of the photoelectric DC-DC converter; the photoelectric inverter is protected by the control of the photoelectric DC-DC converter; and the photoelectric DC-DC converter is controlled to be used Adjusting the characteristics of the photoreactor; controlling the photoelectric conversion mode subordinately through the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; The photoelectric conversion mode is subordinately controlled by the aforementioned photo-inverter of the photoelectric DC-DC converter. WO. An efficient method of producing solar energy as claimed in claim 123, 131 or 139' further includes the step of connecting the previously converted AC photo-electric output with an AC power grid. 141. A method for solar energy conversion, comprising the steps of: generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source; establishing the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as a photoelectric dc-DC converter -76-201037958 DC photoelectric input; Converting to a converted DC optoelectronic output; and multi-control controlling the operation of the aforementioned optoelectronic DC-DC converter while simultaneously converting the aforementioned DC optoelectronic input to the aforementioned converted DC optoelectronic output. 142.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein the step of generating a DC photo-electric output © from at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one solar cell. 143.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein said step of generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from a plurality of electrically connected solar cells. 144.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from a plurality of connected electrically-connected solar cells. 145.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from the at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from the at least one solar panel. 146.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein the step of generating a DC photoelectric output from at least one solar source - 77 - 201037958 comprises the step of combining the outputs from a plurality of electrically connected solar panels. 147.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein said step of generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one solar source comprises the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from at least one string of electrically connected solar panels. 148.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 146, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output comprises the steps of: continuously interrupting the transmission of the aforementioned photoelectric power; and parallelizing the transmission of the aforementioned photoelectric power. . 149.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 146, wherein the step of continuously interrupting the transmission of the aforementioned photoelectric power and the parallel transmission of the photovoltaic power can each occur at at least two separate semiconductor switch positions. The method of producing solar energy according to claim 149, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input to the converted DC photoelectric output comprises the steps of: capacitively storing at least a plurality of parallel energies during the aforementioned converting step And storing the series energy inductively at least several times during the aforementioned conversion step. 151. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 49, wherein the step of controlling the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises classifying one of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC inverters from -78 to 201037958. U2. As described in the scope of claim 151, the foregoing steps of controlling the photoelectric conversion of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter are cyclically converted. 153.  Such as the scope of patent application 146 to 21. The sixth method, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric output photoelectric DC-DC power inverter, a response of the yang board. 154.  The step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric output as described in the Scope of Patent Application No. 153 is the step of converting the DC photoelectric conversion of the foregoing composite solar panel. 155.  As described in the scope of claim 154, the foregoing steps for converting the panels from the respective composite solar panels described above for the panels include the maximum photovoltaic power points from the respective aforementioned DC photoelectric inputs 156.  The above-mentioned conversion of the aforementioned DC photoelectric input is carried out as in the case of the application of the Scope No. 155. The positivity plate physically converts the aforementioned DC Μ 15 7. The step of generating a continuation of the scope of claim 154 includes the step of connecting a plurality of photovoltaic DC-DC solar panels in series to connect the outputs in series. For example, in the method of claim 157, the method for generating a semiconductor switch element solar energy, wherein the step of converting includes any step of generating solar energy comprises the step of connecting a plurality of respective methods for the aforementioned composite solar energy, wherein further comprising A separate method for slab solar energy, in which a single step of DC photoelectric input is converted into a single composite solar panel. The method of cations, including the steps for the individual electrical output. The method of ergonomic energy, the method of converting a DC photoelectric input from the converted DC photoelectric input into the converted AC photoelectric output by the method of converting a power converter to a power conversion from the above, comprising -79-201037958, comprising the step of converting the DC input of the aforementioned converted high-voltage input AC photoelectric output for high voltage conversion" 159.   160.  ❹ 161.   162.  ❹ 163.   The method for generating solar energy according to claim 158, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned converted DC photoelectric input into the converted AC photoelectric output comprises high voltage conversion of the converted DC photoelectric input to two-phase high voltage conversion AC photoelectric Output. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 146, wherein the step of outputting from the plurality of electrically connected solar panel connections comprises the step of combining the output from a plurality of cadmium telluride solar panels. Such as the scope of patent application 146 to 21. A method of producing solar energy according to the sixth aspect, wherein said step of converting said DC photo-electric output comprises the step of paralleling a plurality of photoelectric DC-DC power inverters, each of which responds to said composite solar panel. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 153 or 157, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photo-electric output comprises the step of converting the entire photo-electric temperature-voltage operating range to the aforementioned DC photoelectric input. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 115 or 123, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photo-electric output comprises the first mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. The step of conversion between two modes. The method of producing solar energy according to claim 163, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input comprises the step of invalidating the mode of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. -80- 164 201037958 165. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 164, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input comprises the step of providing an opposite mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. 16 6. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 165, wherein the step of providing an opposite mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion comprises the steps of: providing a photoelectric impedance increasing mode of at least one photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; And providing a photo-electrical impedance reduction modality of at least one optoelectronic DC-DC power conversion. 167.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 163, wherein the first mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the second mode of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC power conversion comprise separation for providing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Modal steps. 168.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 163, wherein the step of interactively converting between the first mode of the foregoing photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and the second mode of the foregoing optical power DC-DC power conversion is included in The step of inter-modal cross-conversion of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion is selected from the group consisting of: photoelectric impedance conversion mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; maximum photoelectric inverter current mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion ; maximum photoelectric power point mode of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion; photoelectric inverter operating condition of photoelectric DC-DC power conversion mode -81 - 201037958 state; mode state; state; mode state; state; Smaller state; and 1 6 9 . Such as Shenbu package combination photoelectric DC-DC power conversion photoelectric load impedance increase and photoelectric DC-DC power conversion photoelectric load impedance smaller mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion subordinate maximum photoelectric power point mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Dependent Photoelectric Inverter Operating Conditions Photoelectric DC-DC Power Conversion Dependent Photoelectric Load Impedance Increase Mode Photoelectric DC-DC Power Conversion Dependent Photoelectric Load Impedance Reduction Mode Combination Dependent Photoelectric DC-DC Power Conversion Photoelectric Load Impedance Mode State and subordinate photoelectric DC-DC power conversion photoelectric load impedance mode; photoelectric DC-DC power conversion photoelectric boundary condition mode; photoelectric DC-DC power conversion after photoelectric element protection mode photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Photoelectric inverter protection mode; Photoelectric DC-DC power conversion photoelectric inverter adjusted mode; all the above items are arranged and combined. The method for generating solar energy in the scope of Patent No. 168, and the step of converting the modal response to at least one photoelectric power condition, is -82-201037958. 170.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 169, wherein the step of responding to the conversion mode of the at least one photoelectric power condition comprises a step of triggering the threshold of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion 171.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 105 or 115, further comprising the steps of: converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input multi-mode into a converted DC photoelectric output; and Ο multi-controlling the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter The operation while its operation converts the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the aforementioned converted DC photoelectric output. 172.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 171, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-form includes the step of controlling the photoelectric boundary condition of the photoelectric DC-DC converter. 173.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 172, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the plurality of types further comprises: in addition to the foregoing steps of controlling boundary conditions of the photoelectric DC-DC converter The step of independently controlling the photoelectric operating conditions of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. 174.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 171, 172 or 173, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type control comprises controlling the maximum % electric inverter by the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter Steps for input voltage output" -83- 201037958 175.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 171, 172 or 173, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type control comprises: converting the DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output. The step of controlling the maximum photo-electrical output voltage proportional to the photo-electric output current at least several times. 176.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 171, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type includes the following steps: controlling a maximum photoelectric inverter input from the photoelectric DC-DC converter Slave control operates through the maximum photovoltaic power point of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; and controls the maximum photoinverter input voltage of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. 177. The method for producing solar energy according to claim 171, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the photoelectric DC-DC converter by the multi-type includes the following steps: controlling a maximum photoelectric inversion from the photoelectric DC-DC converter The input is controlled by the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter to control the photoelectric impedance increase and the photoelectric impedance reduction; and the maximum photoelectric inverter input voltage is controlled by the operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter. 178. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 171, wherein the step of controlling the control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises a step selected from the group consisting of: - converting the first mode of the DC power conversion and the second mode of the photoelectric DC-DC power conversion at least several times; increasing the photoelectric load impedance and reducing the photoelectric load impedance; controlling the photoelectric conversion boundary condition; transmitting the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC Control of the converter to control the subsequent photoelectric operating conditions; protection of the subsequent photovoltaic elements by control of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; substantially simultaneous power control operation of the aforementioned photoelectric DC-DC converter; The same photoelectric converter functional control circuit; the photoelectric conversion mode is disabled by the control of the photoelectric DC-DC converter; the photoelectric inverter is protected by the control of the photoelectric DC-DC converter; and the photoelectric DC-DC is controlled The converter is adjusted by the characteristics of the photoelectric inverter; the photoelectric conversion mode is controlled by the photoelectric DC-DC converter ; And through the photoelectric converter DC-DC photovoltaic inverter to control the dimple is attached photoelectric conversion mode. 179. The method of producing solar energy of -85-201037958, as claimed in claim 1, paragraph 1, 115 or 123, further comprising comparing solar power conversion between the first power capacitor and the second power capacitor. 180. The method of producing solar energy according to claim 179, wherein the step of comparing solar power conversion between the first power capacitor and the second power capacitor comprises the foregoing first power container and the aforementioned second power The step of converting between containers. 181.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 180, wherein the step of converting between the aforementioned first power container and the aforementioned second power container comprises converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input and the improved power conversion of the aforementioned DC photoelectric input in a conventional power conversion Steps to convert between steps. 182.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 179 or 180, wherein the step of comparing solar energy conversion comprises the steps selected from the group consisting of: comparing solar energy output differences; comparing solar power differences; comparing solar cost differences; and comparing solar energy Sunshine use. 183.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 181, wherein the step of the aforementioned improved power conversion of the aforementioned DC power input comprises the step of selecting from the group consisting of: between photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and photoelectric DC-DC power conversion Interactive conversion; converting the aforementioned DC optoelectronic input to a converted DC optoelectronic output at substantially the same power; and -86-201037958 converting the aforementioned DC optoelectronic input poly-type into a converted DC optoelectronic output. 184.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 183, wherein the step of the aforementioned improved power conversion of the DC photoelectric input comprises the steps of: interrupting the transmission of the aforementioned photoelectric power transmission circuit in series so that they can each be in at least two separate semiconductors The switching position occurs; and η is coupled in parallel with the transmission of the aforementioned optoelectronic power transmitting circuitry such that they can each occur at at least two separate semiconductor switching locations. 185.  A method of producing solar energy as claimed in claim 1 or 5 or wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output comprises converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into converted DC photoelectric at substantially the same power. Output. 186.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 185, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input to a converted DC photoelectric output at substantially the same power comprises the step of converting the photoelectric circuit impedance at substantially the same power. 187.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 186, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input to the converted DC photoelectric output comprises the additional step of converting between photoelectric DC-DC power conversion and photoelectric DC-DC power conversion. 188.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 187, wherein the step of converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input substantially at the same power as the step -87-201037958 comprises the step of switching the aforementioned DC photoelectric input by a static switch. 189.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 186 or 187, wherein the foregoing step of converting substantially the same power comprises substantially the same power conversion, selected from the group consisting of: having an efficiency of at least about 97% Solar energy conversion, with at least about 97. 5% efficient solar energy conversion, solar energy conversion with at least about 98% efficiency, having at least about 98. 5% efficiency solar conversion, 〇 has at least about 97% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion with at least about 97. 5% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion, having at least about 98% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion with at least about 98. 5% up to about 99. 2% efficient solar conversion, with a solar energy conversion of at least about 97% up to about the efficiency of wire transmission losses, 0 having at least about 97. 5% up to about the efficiency of wire transmission loss, solar energy conversion, solar energy conversion having an efficiency of at least about 98% up to about wire transmission loss, and having at least about 98. 5% up to about the efficiency of solar wire transmission loss of solar energy conversion. 190.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 105, 115 or 123, wherein said converting said DC photoelectric input into converted DC light is -88-201037958 191 .   Ο 192.   193.   ❹ 1 94 The step of electrical output includes the maximum photoelectric power point conversion DC photoelectric input for the converted DC photoelectric output. The method for generating solar energy according to claim 190, wherein the step of converting the maximum photoelectric power point conversion DC photoelectric input into a converted DC photoelectric output comprises the steps of: calculating a photoelectric power parameter; and completing the aforementioned maximum photoelectric power point conversion DC In the step of photoelectrically inputting the converted DC photoelectric output, the aforementioned photoelectric power parameters are responsive. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 191, wherein the step of calculating the photoelectric power parameter comprises the step of calculating a photomultiplying power parameter. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 190, wherein the step of the aforementioned maximum photoelectric power point conversion DC photoelectric input being a converted DC photoelectric output comprises the step of causing a converted DC photoelectric output voltage, and wherein the aforementioned maximum photoelectric power point conversion The step of the DC optoelectronic input being the converted DC optoelectronic output includes independently converting the DC optoelectronic input to the converted DC optoelectronic output in a manner independent of the aforementioned converted DC photo-output voltage. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 193, wherein the step of generating a DC photo-electric output from the at least one solar source comprises the step of combining outputs from the plurality of electrically connected solar panels, including the aforementioned The steps and the foregoing steps therein, including the aforementioned step of physically converting the individual solar panels to -89-201037958 for the aforementioned DC photoelectric output" 195.  A method of producing solar energy according to claim 193, wherein the step of converting the DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output comprises converting the aforementioned DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output. 196.  A method of producing solar energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of converting said DC photoelectric input comprises the step of task-circulating a photovoltaic DC-DC converter. / 197. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 196, wherein the step of circulating the power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises the step of converting the duty cycle to distribute the photoelectric DC-DC converter. 198.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 197, wherein the step of converting the power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter of the foregoing impedance conversion task comprises the step of selecting a group consisting of the following: a task cycle power distribution photoelectric DC-DC determined by the threshold Converter; > Frequency-changing distribution optoelectronic DC-DC converter; Pulse mode distribution opto-electronic DC-DC converter; and all the above arrangement and combination. 199.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 196, wherein the step of circulating the power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises the following steps: the power distribution mode of the activated photoelectric DC-DC converter determined by the threshold; and the threshold Determining the distribution mode of the deactivated photoelectric DC-DC converter -90-201037958. 200.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 196, wherein the step of the task of cyclically distributing the photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises the step of selecting a group consisting of: a solar-powered circuit, a cold-voltage-determined task, a cyclic distribution, an opto-electronic DC-DC converter ; solar maximum power point thermal voltage to determine the task of circulating power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter; ^ maximum photoelectric voltage determination of the task cycle distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter; photoelectric inverter maximum current determination task cycle distribution optical DC-DC Converter; and all arrangements and combinations of the above. 201.  The method of producing solar energy according to claim 196, wherein the step of circulating the distributed photo-electrical DC-DC converter comprises the step of converting the maximum photoelectric power point DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output ❹. 202.  The method for generating solar energy according to claim 201, wherein the step of the task of circulating the distributed photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises a task-cycle power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter determined by a maximum voltage of the photoelectric inverter. 2〇 3. The method for generating solar energy according to claim 201 or 202, wherein the step of converting the maximum photoelectric power point DC photoelectric input into the converted DC photoelectric output comprises a maximum power point task cycle-91-201037958 distribution photoelectric DC- DC converter. 204.  The method for generating solar energy according to claims 201 to 203, wherein the step of the task of cyclically distributing the photovoltaic DC-DC converter comprises the step of the duty cycle of the photoelectric inverter to determine the duty cycle of the distributed DC-DC converter. 205.  A method of producing solar energy according to claims 201 to 204, wherein the step of the task cycle power distribution photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises a soft conversion photoelectric DC-DC converter. > 206. A method of producing solar energy according to claim 205, wherein the step of the soft-switching photoelectric DC-DC converter comprises establishing a task cycle in which a maximum photo-electric output voltage and a photoelectric output current are proportional. 207.  The method for generating solar energy according to claims 201 to 206, wherein the step of the task of periodically distributing the photovoltaic DC-DC converter comprises establishing an opposite photoelectric task cycle distribution mode in the radio and television DC-DC converter 208.  - A method substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the accompanying examples. 209.  An apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the accompanying examples. -92-