200946773 六、發明說明： 【發明戶斤肩之技術領域3 發明領域 本發明涉及風輪機，尤其涉及垂直軸式的風輪機。 5 【先前技術】 發明背景 隨著人類，尤其是發展中的國家，對能源需求的不斷 增加及對傳統化石燃料供應是有限的認識，人們對可再生 能源，諸如陽光、風、雨（水）、潮汐及地熱等的利用的新方 10 式及改進方式，興趣越來越濃厚。幾十年來，水力發電 (Hydro-electricity)已經成為了可再生能源的的主流。然而， 隨著對阻堰塞水道造成的環境影響日益重視以及認識到清 潔的飲用水是一種重要的資源，水力發電(hydro-generation) 6十劃的s忍可性漸減。人們的關注已逐漸轉移到利用風力作 15 為未來大規模發電的資源。 風輪機可分類為水平軸式或垂直轴式風輪機。—般水 平軸式風輪機具有-塔’塔上置有一圍繞水平軸旋轉的大 型風扇狀葉片’與風車相似。迄今，最大的水平轴式風輪 機約高40層樓，葉片直獲約126米。為了生產足夠的電力: 2〇給公用電網，水平軸式風輪機被設置於大型風力發電場 該風力發電場擁有數百個分佈於廣範地區的風輪機。雖然 匕們月大量利用可再生能源，但是這些風力發電場占地 積大並且有礙觀瞻。 傳統的垂直軸式風輪機具有垂直延伸的旋轉中轴。垂 3 200946773200946773 VI. INSTRUCTIONS: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to wind turbines, and more particularly to vertical axis wind turbines. 5 [Prior Art] Background of the Invention As humans, especially developing countries, have an increasing demand for energy and a limited understanding of traditional fossil fuel supplies, people have access to renewable energy sources such as sunlight, wind, and rain (water). Interests in the use of new methods and improvements in the use of tidal and geothermal energy are becoming more and more intense. For decades, hydro-electricity has become the mainstream of renewable energy. However, with the increasing emphasis on the environmental impact of blocked damming waterways and the recognition that clean drinking water is an important resource, the hydro-generation hydration is gradually decreasing. People's attention has gradually shifted to using wind power as a resource for large-scale power generation in the future. Wind turbines can be classified as horizontal or vertical axis wind turbines. A typical horizontal shaft wind turbine has a large fan-shaped blade </ RTI> mounted on a tower tower that rotates about a horizontal axis, similar to a windmill. To date, the largest horizontal axis wind turbine is about 40 stories high and the blades are about 126 meters straight. In order to produce enough electricity: 2〇 to the utility grid, the horizontal axis wind turbine is set up in a large wind farm. The wind farm has hundreds of wind turbines distributed in a wide area. Although we use a lot of renewable energy in the month, these wind farms have a large area and are unsightly. A conventional vertical axis wind turbine has a vertically extending rotating center shaft.垂 3 200946773
St輪:的主要優點是發電裝置和變速箱可被設置在 垂直二葬近地面，無需支撐塔去承擔這些重量。另外， 轴線轉動或偏轉以面料！： 風，不需要沿垂直 5 10 15 的受風面== 而，因垂直軸式風輪機 力。因a 直軸和風輪結構需承受巨大的側向作用 、5已知的垂直轴式風輪機的規模受到實際的 I 1 A此外，因垂直軸式風輪機的轉子環繞垂直軸線旋轉， 順風部位隨風移動，但相應的紐對立部位則逆風移動必 需消抵迎面而來的風力。 本發明的目的之-是提供-種無軸的垂直軸式風輪 機使風輪機的規模可比迄今為止已知的風輪機更高更 大，能更大地利用風能。本發明的另一目的是提供一種克 服或至少改善了已知風輪機缺點的垂直軸式風輪機，或至 少為公眾提供一有用的選擇。 C發明内容】 發明概要 根據本發明，提供一種無轴的垂直軸式風輪機，其包括： 固定的中空芯’該中空芯有内部的圓形牆壁和外部的 圓形牆壁，内壁和外壁之間留有空間；和 20 轉子’該轉子被可旋轉地支撐於中空芯，並且具有多 個徑向延伸的轉子臂，每個轉子臂的遠端有風力驅動的轉 子葉片。 優選地’所述風輪機在内牆壁與外牆壁間的空間内進 一步設有多個連接内壁和外壁的垂直肋式骨幹。 200946773 優遂地，所述風輪機進一夕異有兩個或以上，各自獨 立圍繞所述中空芯旋轉的轉子。 優選地，每一個轉子用機械的方式與發電叢置連接。 優選地，每個轉子均驅動發電裝置。 5 10 15 參 20 優選地，發電裝置是直驅式風力發電裝置。 優選地，所述風輪機進一梦置有分別位於中空芯和轉 子的對應發電繞圈組，用於在所述中空芯和轉子相對運動 過程中發電，無需使用任何的機械傳動系統。 優選地，所述轉子被可旋轉地支撐於中空芯外壁延伸 出的壁架上。 優選地’所述中空芯的外壁為階梯形，用以形成所述 壁架。 優選地’所述轉子具有一組上部滾子或輪子，可旋轉 地支撲轉子於壁架上，及一組下部滚子或輪子，可旋轉地 支撐轉子於中空芯的外壁。 優選地’所述轉子進一步置有第二組上部滾子或輪 子，可旋轉地支撐轉子於中空芯的外壁。 優選地，所述壁架置有翼牆，至少有上部輪子或第二 上部輪子的其中一組與翼牆接合。 優選地’所述徑向延伸的轉子臂設有系-拉(tie-stayed) 桁架構件。 優選地，所述徑向延伸的轉子臂朝遠端方向逐漸變細。 優選地’所述風力驅動的轉子葉片是升力型的轉子葉 片’並且所述轉子臂進一步在鄰近中空芯的位置設有阻力 5 200946773 型的轉子葉片。 、 所述轉子具有一筒狀的旋轉盤，該旋轉盤可 旋轉地支撐於中空芯’且有多個轉子臂從旋轉盤向外延伸 出去。 優選地所述風力驅動轉子葉片是升力型的轉子葉片， 並且該轉子進一步於旋轉盤設置多個阻力型的轉子葉片。 優選地，所述風輪機進—步包括抽水蓄能水力發電系統。 本發明的其它方面將會在隨後的描述中 變得明確，該等 描述僅為示例，並無意圖限制本發明的使用或功能的範圍。 10 圖式簡單說明 現以本發明的實施例，僅作為例子進行描述，並以隨 附的附圖作參考，其中： 第1圖是根據本發明的第—實施例的多層風輪機的截 面正視圖； 15 第2圖是經過第1圖的A-A線的截面平面圖； 第3圖是經過第丨圖的b_b線的截面平面圖； 第4圖疋第一實施例的風輪機的轉子臂和葉片的載面 正視圖； 第5圖疋第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝和發電裝置 20 佈置的圖示； 第6圖是第一實施例的風輪機的發電裝置的可替代實 施例的圖示； 第7圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安装的第二佈置 200946773 第8圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝的第三佈置 的圖示； 第9圖是根據本發明的具有不同轉子臂結構的第二實 施例的多層風輪機的截面正視圖； 5 第10圖是經過第9圖的C-C線的截面平面圖； 第11圖是經過第9圖的D-D線的截面平面圖； Ο ❿ 第12圖是第二實施例的風輪機的一對轉子臂和葉片的 截面正視圖； 第13圖是經過第二實施例的風輪機的上部桁架臂的截 10 面平面圖； 第14圖是經過第二實施例的風輪機的下部桁架臂的截 面平面圖； 第15圖是用於在第二實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝裝佈 置圖示； 15 第16圖是在第15圖中示出的佈置的頂端滾子組合的放 大圖， 第17圖是在第15圖中示出的在第二實施例的C-C線上 的截面平面圖； 第18圖是在第15圖中示出的在第二實施例的D-D線上 20 的截面平面圖； 第19圖是根據本發明的第三實施例的多層風輪機轉子 頂部的截面平面圖，該風輪機具有不同設計的轉子臂和在 轉子旋轉盤圓周設有多個阻力型轉子葉片；以及 第20圖是第19圖的實施例的轉子底部的截面平面圖。 7 200946773 c ^ 較佳實施例之詳細說明 現對本發明以大型（即，高建築物規模）的無轴垂直軸式 夕層風輪機來進行描述。風輪機的設計使它能被製成非常 5 大的規模，尤其是比已知的風輪機大很多。迄今為止，最 大的風輪機為葉片直徑達126米的水平軸式風輪機。發明人 意指的大型風輪機是指根據本發明的風輪機，其覆蓋的基 座處能夠達到直徑或寬度250至350米之間，其垂直高度達 1到300至500米之間或更南。然而，此表述並無意圖^制本 1〇發明的使用或功能。本領域的技術人員將會理解到本發明 的原理可以適用於任何規模的風輪機，更大的或更小的。 因根據本發明的風輪機可被製成如此大的規模，所以它 能在風速較高的更高高度利用大面積的風。風的可能功率$ 15由1/2 ΡΑγ3給出，在此處，Ρ是空氣的密度，Α是風輪機的受 15 風面積，v是風速。基於此，風輪機所產生的功率的量，將 與轉子掃過的面積按比例增加並按風速的立方遞增。由於可 達350米寬，所述風輪機轉子掃過的面積很大。由於可達$㈨ 米或更高的高度，此意味著風輪機將暴露於更高風速的風 中。因此，根據本發明的風輪機可從風中攫取更高的能量1 構建上文所述規模的風輪機可利用已公知的建築物構 建和大型工程的技術。在世界上大多數國家已建有許多高 達500米或更高的高樓。這些結構的建造技術很容易成為: 領域技術人員所掌握的專門技術。這些已知的構造技術適 用於在此處描述的風輪機的個別結構元素和特點。^ 200946773 優選的實施例的設備是“多層”式的，有多個獨立的。 輪依附於一共用的垂直圓筒形支撐結構，垂直地叠起二 個渦輪分別具有各自的轉子，與它本身的發電筆 1夏相連 接，或是直驅的或是傳動的或是其他的傳輸袭置。 垂直風 ❹ 10 ;無輛， 輪機可能延伸至幾百米的高度，因此，其在不同的 受的風向和風速會不同。每個滿輪可因應不同的森 況，獨立地與設置在不同高度的發電裝置自由旋轉。然月 這對本發明來說不是必需的，風輪機可以只有—個轉子 根據本發明的風輪機是無轴的。在本文件中， 是指風輪機的每個轉子均是一個自由旋轉的結構。 ’又有與 轉子共軸線的軸以傳輸扭矩給發電裝置，此有別於傳 旋轉式電力機器和已知的垂直軸式和水平軸式風輪機。 第一優選的實施例 第i-5圖描述了根據本發明的第一實施例的無軸垂直 0 多層式風輪機1。雖然規模對本發明來說不是關鍵的，但是 所述渦輪的直徑有350米和高度達500米。風輪機丨具有三個 Φ 基本的功能部份：垂直的支撐結構、至少有一個由風力驅 動且附於所述支撐結構的轉子以及由轉子驅動的發電裝 置。在優選的實施例中，有多個獨立旋轉的轉子，垂直地 20叠起，一個位於另一個之上。每個轉子與設置在垂直支撐 結構的相對應傳動裝置和發電裝置相連接。 垂直的支撐結構包括構成風輪 空芯的粢直延 伸圓筒塔。該塔的直徑-般是整個風輪機直 4〇%。在優選的實施例中，芯塔的直徑是風輪機直根的 9 200946773 5 10 25%。因風輪機直徑有300米，芯塔的直徑是75米。μ 伸至風輪機的整個高度，頂端< 蓋—個或平的、或傾斜^延 或拼形的㈣（未有示出）。所述料由兩個同心的圓形牆壁 5、6構建而成’兩壁間是空間7。多個肋式骨幹8在空間田 按圓周分Μ設置，垂直地延伸且連_部和外部工的牆壁 5、6。垂直的肋式骨幹8把壁間的空間分隔成多個單元 優選的實施㈣，内部和外部塔壁5、6之_距離約數米， 在壁間的空間7内，有足夠空間設置電梯登井9、樓梯_ 以及在與各轉子相應的水平設置機㈣以裝置發電設備。 所述怒塔的内部牆壁6内的區域，通常是中空的，在所述結 構内造成-大Μ心空間u。所述芯塔以鋼筋混凝土構 建’並且可採用已知的構建技術建造。芯塔的圓筒形雙壁 結構使芯塔的強度能承受由風產生的大側向作用力。St. Wheel: The main advantage is that the generator and gearbox can be placed in the vertical two to the ground and there is no need to support the tower to bear these weights. In addition, the axis is rotated or deflected to the fabric! : Wind, does not need to be along the vertical 5 10 15 wind surface ==, but because of the vertical axis wind turbine force. Because the a straight shaft and the wind wheel structure have to bear a huge lateral effect, the scale of the 5 known vertical axis wind turbines is actually I 1 A. In addition, since the rotor of the vertical axis wind turbine rotates around the vertical axis, the downwind portion The wind moves, but the corresponding neon-opposed parts move against the wind and must meet the oncoming wind. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a shaftless vertical-axis wind turbine that allows a wind turbine to be made larger and larger than the wind turbines known to date, and to utilize wind energy more. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis wind turbine that overcomes or at least improves the disadvantages of known wind turbines, or at least provides the public with a useful choice. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a shaftless vertical axis wind turbine comprising: a fixed hollow core having an inner circular wall and an outer circular wall, between the inner wall and the outer wall Space is left; and 20 rotor 'the rotor is rotatably supported on the hollow core and has a plurality of radially extending rotor arms, each having a wind driven rotor blade at the distal end. Preferably, the wind turbine is further provided with a plurality of vertical rib-type ribs connecting the inner wall and the outer wall in the space between the inner wall and the outer wall. 200946773 Preferably, the wind turbines have two or more different rotors, each independently rotating around the hollow core. Preferably, each rotor is mechanically coupled to the power generation cluster. Preferably, each rotor drives a power generating device. 5 10 15 Ref 20 Preferably, the power generating device is a direct drive wind power generating device. Preferably, the wind turbine is further provided with a corresponding power generating coil set respectively located at the hollow core and the rotor for generating electricity during the relative movement of the hollow core and the rotor without using any mechanical transmission system. Preferably, the rotor is rotatably supported on a ledge from which the outer wall of the hollow core extends. Preferably, the outer wall of the hollow core is stepped to form the ledge. Preferably, the rotor has a set of upper rollers or wheels that rotatably support the rotor on the ledge and a set of lower rollers or wheels that rotatably support the rotor on the outer wall of the hollow core. Preferably said rotor is further provided with a second set of upper rollers or wheels for rotatably supporting the rotor on the outer wall of the hollow core. Preferably, the ledge is provided with a wing wall, at least one of the upper wheel or the second upper wheel engaging the wing wall. Preferably said said radially extending rotor arm is provided with a tie-stayed truss member. Preferably, the radially extending rotor arms taper in a distal direction. Preferably, the wind driven rotor blade is a lift type rotor blade and the rotor arm is further provided with a rotor blade of the type 5 200946773 at a position adjacent to the hollow core. The rotor has a cylindrical rotating disk rotatably supported by the hollow core ' and a plurality of rotor arms extending outwardly from the rotating disk. Preferably, the wind driven rotor blade is a lift type rotor blade, and the rotor further provides a plurality of resistance type rotor blades on the rotating disk. Preferably, the wind turbine further comprises a pumped storage hydropower system. The other aspects of the invention will be apparent from the following description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layer wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line AA of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line b_b of the second drawing; Fig. 4 is a view showing the rotor arm and blade of the wind turbine of the first embodiment Front view of the carrier; Fig. 5 is a view showing the arrangement of the rotor mounting and power generating device 20 of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; Fig. 6 is a view showing an alternative embodiment of the power generating device of the wind turbine of the first embodiment Figure 7 is a second arrangement of the rotor mounting of the wind turbine of the first embodiment 200946773. Figure 8 is a diagram of a third arrangement of the rotor mounting of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; Figure 9 is a diagram of a third arrangement of the rotor of the wind turbine according to the present invention; A cross-sectional front view of a multi-layer wind turbine of a second embodiment having different rotor arm structures; 5 is a cross-sectional plan view through line CC of Fig. 9; and Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view taken through line DD of Fig. 9; Ο ❿ Figure 12 is the second embodiment A cross-sectional front view of a pair of rotor arms and blades of a wind turbine; Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional plan view of the upper truss arm of the wind turbine of the second embodiment; Fig. 14 is a lower portion of the wind turbine according to the second embodiment Cross-sectional plan view of the truss arm; Fig. 15 is a diagram showing a rotor mounting arrangement for the wind turbine of the second embodiment; 15 Fig. 16 is an enlarged view of the top roller combination of the arrangement shown in Fig. 15. Figure 17 is a cross-sectional plan view of the CC line of the second embodiment shown in Figure 15; Figure 18 is a cross-sectional plan view of the DD line 20 of the second embodiment shown in Figure 15; Figure 19 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the top of a multi-layer wind turbine rotor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine having rotor arms of different designs and a plurality of resistance type rotor blades disposed on the circumference of the rotor rotating disk; and Figure 20 It is a cross-sectional plan view of the bottom of the rotor of the embodiment of Fig. 19. 7 200946773 c ^ DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention will now be described in a large (i.e., high building scale) shaftless vertical axis wind turbine. The design of the wind turbine allows it to be made on very large scales, especially larger than known wind turbines. To date, the largest wind turbines are horizontal-axis wind turbines with a blade diameter of 126 meters. The inventor's large wind turbine refers to a wind turbine according to the present invention which covers a base at a diameter or width of between 250 and 350 meters and a vertical height of between 1 and 300 to 500 meters or more. However, this expression is not intended to govern the use or functionality of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the principles of the present invention can be applied to wind turbines of any size, larger or smaller. Since the wind turbine according to the present invention can be made on such a large scale, it can utilize a large area of wind at a higher altitude where the wind speed is higher. The possible power of the wind is $15, given by 1/2 ΡΑγ3, where Ρ is the density of the air, Α is the 15 wind area of the wind turbine, and v is the wind speed. Based on this, the amount of power generated by the wind turbine will increase proportionally to the area swept by the rotor and increase in cubes of wind speed. The area that the wind turbine rotor sweeps is large because it can be up to 350 meters wide. Since it can reach a height of $(9) meters or higher, this means that the wind turbine will be exposed to winds of higher wind speed. Therefore, the wind turbine according to the present invention can extract higher energy from the wind. 1 Construction of a wind turbine of the above-described scale can utilize the well-known techniques of building construction and large-scale engineering. In most countries of the world, many high-rise buildings of up to 500 meters or more have been built. The construction techniques of these structures can easily become: Expertise in the field of technical personnel. These known construction techniques apply to the individual structural elements and features of the wind turbines described herein. ^ 200946773 The apparatus of the preferred embodiment is "multi-layer" type, with multiple independent. The wheel is attached to a common vertical cylindrical support structure, and the two turbines are vertically stacked to have respective rotors, which are connected to its own power generation pen 1 in summer, or directly driven or driven or other Transmission attack. Vertical wind ❹ 10; without a car, the turbine may extend to a height of a few hundred meters, so it will be different in different wind directions and wind speeds. Each full wheel can be freely rotated independently of the power generators set at different heights depending on the different conditions. This is not essential to the invention, the wind turbine may have only one rotor. The wind turbine according to the invention is shaftless. In this document, it is meant that each rotor of a wind turbine is a freely rotatable structure. There is again a shaft that is coaxial with the rotor to transmit torque to the power plant, which is different from the rotary electric machine and the known vertical and horizontal axis wind turbines. First Preferred Embodiment An i-5-figure depicts a shaftless vertical 0 multi-layer wind turbine 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Although scale is not critical to the invention, the turbine has a diameter of 350 meters and a height of up to 500 meters. The wind turbine has three basic functional parts: a vertical support structure, at least one rotor driven by the wind and attached to the support structure, and a power generating device driven by the rotor. In a preferred embodiment, there are a plurality of independently rotating rotors that are vertically stacked 20 and one above the other. Each rotor is coupled to a corresponding transmission and power generating device disposed in the vertical support structure. The vertical support structure consists of a straight-lined cylindrical tower that forms the core of the rotor. The diameter of the tower is generally 4% of the total wind turbine. In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the core tower is 9 200946773 5 10 25% of the straight root of the wind turbine. Since the diameter of the wind turbine is 300 meters, the diameter of the core tower is 75 meters. μ extends to the entire height of the wind turbine, and the top < cover is either flat or inclined (4) (not shown). The material is constructed from two concentric circular walls 5, 6 'the space between the two walls is 7. A plurality of ribbed ribs 8 are arranged in the space field in a circumferential direction, extending vertically and connected to the walls 5 and 6 of the _ section and the exterior. The vertical ribbed backbone 8 divides the space between the walls into a plurality of units. The preferred implementation (4), the distance between the inner and outer tower walls 5, 6 is about several meters. In the space 7 between the walls, there is enough space to set up the elevator. 9, stairs _ and in the horizontal setting machine (four) corresponding to each rotor to device power generation equipment. The area within the interior wall 6 of the anger tower is generally hollow, creating a large Μ center space u within the structure. The core tower is constructed of reinforced concrete' and can be constructed using known construction techniques. The cylindrical double wall structure of the core tower allows the strength of the core tower to withstand the large lateral forces generated by the wind.
15 20 風輪機的每-層均置有一附於芯塔且可自由旋轉的轉 子19、2G、21、22。各層的轉子可以大小相同也可以是 不同的。每個轉子19、2G、21、22均含—有充分構架支推 的筒狀旋轉魅構23 ’被可㈣地讀於芯塔 。多個系-拉 式(tie stayed)街架臂26從旋轉盤23的底部232徑向延伸。從 ㈣盤23㈣部231延伸至徑向錢臂26遠端的系 緊構件27 牽拉著㈣;^架臂26。翼型的升力型葉片28位於每個徑向柯 架#26的遠端。葉片28裝置在_個副支架24上，該副支架在 鉸鏈25處可枢轉地與輕向街架％連接。葉片28能在敍鍵接頭 25樞轉’可主動調校葉片受風的角度(在第2圖中用箭頭別票 出）’使風輪機可在廣大範圍的風情況下更有*地轉動。在Each of the 15 20 wind turbines is provided with a rotor 19, 2G, 21, 22 which is attached to the core tower and is free to rotate. The rotors of the various layers may be the same size or different. Each of the rotors 19, 2G, 21, 22 includes a cylindrical rotating charm 23' having a sufficient frame thrust to be read (four) to the core tower. A plurality of tie stayed street frame arms 26 extend radially from the bottom 232 of the rotating disk 23. The fastening member 27 extending from the (four) disk 23 (four) portion 231 to the distal end of the radial arm 26 is pulled (4); An airfoil lift blade 28 is located at the distal end of each radial frame #26. The vanes 28 are mounted on a sub-bracket 24 that is pivotally coupled to the light rail to the hinge at the hinge 25. The blade 28 can pivot at the key joint 25 to actively adjust the angle at which the blade is subjected to wind (indicated by arrows in Fig. 2) to enable the wind turbine to rotate more * in a wide range of wind conditions. in
10 200946773 優選的實施例中’每個轉子有三個對稱地間隔開的桁架徑向 臂26和葉片28，然而’此表述並無意圖限制本發明的使用或 功能的範圍。本領域的技術人員應該理解，2、4、5、6或更 多個葉片可被使用，但功率和效率會有不同程度的改變。 5 參照第5圖’怒塔的外壁在每層轉子19、20、21、22的 高度水平均呈階梯形狀，形成了環繞芯塔外周的壁架 dedgeuo。每個轉子被可旋轉地支撐於芯塔外周的各個壁 架30上。每個壁架3〇的外部邊緣建有翼牆35。轉子朝裏延 伸的鉤狀框架部分233位於壁架30的上方。一組輪子或滾子 10 31沿框架朝裏延伸部分233的内部邊緣圓周設置，並且在翼 牆35内側表面的圓形軌道351水平地運行。第二組輪子或滾 子32在框架相關部分233的下側，沿其内部邊緣的圓周設 置，在翼牆35上側表面的第二圓形軌道352上垂直地運行。 上部輪子或滾子組合31、32依靠混凝土芯塔的外周為轉子 15提供了垂直的和橫向水平的支撑。在旋轉盤23底部加的内 周’亦設置多個止推滾子33。該止推滾子33沿芯塔外壁5圓 开/執道3«運行，依靠芯塔的外周為轉子的下部提供了橫向 的支撐。故此，每個轉子的框架頂部垂直地懸掛於壁架30, 通過上部輪子和滾子31、32和止推滾子33的協作，為轉子 20提供了垂直的和橫向水平的支揮。風與轉子臂遠端翼型葉 片的相互作用使轉子圍繞芯塔旋轉。 轉子的運動，通過設置於止推滾子33鄰近的傳動裝 置，機械地轉動在芯塔的發電裝置40。-對齒輪42、43可 旋轉地設置在芯塔外壁的開口内。較小齒輪42接合設置在 11 200946773 止推滾子33下方，旋轉盤23下部的環狀構件232内周的環齒 輪44。隨著轉+的運動，環齒輪料轉動較小齒輪42。較小 齒輪42S1定純大絲43，較大餘C接合發電裝置齒輪 41轉動發電裝置40。 5 10 15 20 可供選擇的發電裝置佈置 對本發明來S兒機械力轉動的發電裝置40不是必需的。 任何類型合適的傳㈣統和/或在本領域中 已知的發電系 統均可被用於把轉子旋轉的能量轉換成電力 。例如，可轉 用，、,、需使用任何的機械傳動裝置的直驅(無齒輪)式發電裝 置。直驅式的發f裝置有_組定子和—組轉子。其中的一 組置有電磁繞圏組，若採用永久磁鐵時，置有永久磁鐵和 其支架3組置有導電繞圈址。通過轉子和定子的相對 運轉子通過或經過定子時，產生電力。第6圖示出了 驅式發電I置’其中，永久磁鐵的磁場磁極61被 ==轉盤23的朝裏延伸的部分233的上部邊緣並 且匕的疋子繞圈組60固定在外壁5。 可供選擇的轉子支撐佈置 30在2 ^出了轉子安裝在芯塔壁架3G的第二佈置。壁_ 設置於蝴料面的軸54增輪子州在 供橫向的穩紐18S ^缺轉的轉子提 沒有臺實域：'騎的外壁是 型滚子軌料34上。餘㈣料外科置的枕梁 含轉子臂的另-可供選擇佈置的第二優選實施例10 200946773 In the preferred embodiment, each rotor has three symmetrically spaced truss radial arms 26 and blades 28, however, this description is not intended to limit the scope of use or function of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that 2, 4, 5, 6, or more blades may be used, but power and efficiency may vary to varying degrees. 5 Referring to Fig. 5, the outer wall of the anger tower is stepped in the height of each layer of the rotors 19, 20, 21, and 22, forming a ledge dedgeuo around the outer circumference of the core tower. Each rotor is rotatably supported on each of the wall frames 30 on the outer circumference of the core tower. A wing wall 35 is formed on the outer edge of each ledge 3 。. A hook frame portion 233 extending inwardly of the rotor is located above the ledge 30. A set of wheels or rollers 10 31 are disposed along the circumference of the inner edge of the frame inwardly extending portion 233, and the circular track 351 on the inner side surface of the wing wall 35 is horizontally operated. The second set of wheels or rollers 32 are disposed on the underside of the frame associated portion 233 along the circumference of the inner edge thereof and run vertically on the second circular track 352 of the upper side surface of the wing wall 35. The upper wheel or roller combination 31, 32 relies on the outer circumference of the concrete core tower to provide vertical and lateral horizontal support for the rotor 15. A plurality of thrust rollers 33 are also provided at the inner circumference of the bottom of the rotary disk 23. The thrust roller 33 is rotated/executed along the outer wall 5 of the core tower, and the outer periphery of the core tower provides lateral support for the lower portion of the rotor. Thus, the top of the frame of each rotor is suspended vertically from the ledge 30, and the rotor 20 provides vertical and lateral horizontal support by the cooperation of the upper wheels and the rollers 31, 32 and the thrust rollers 33. The interaction of the wind with the distal airfoil blades of the rotor arm causes the rotor to rotate around the core tower. The movement of the rotor is mechanically rotated by the power generating unit 40 of the core tower through a transmission device disposed adjacent to the thrust roller 33. - The pair of gears 42, 43 are rotatably disposed within the opening of the outer wall of the core tower. The smaller gear 42 is engaged with the ring gear 44 disposed on the inner circumference of the annular member 232 at the lower portion of the rotating disc 23 below the thrust roller 33 of 11 200946773. As the motion of the revolution +, the ring gear rotates the smaller gear 42. The smaller gear 42S1 is fixed to the large wire 43, and the larger C-coupled power generating device gear 41 rotates the power generating device 40. 5 10 15 20 Alternative power plant arrangements It is not necessary for the power plant 40 to be mechanically rotated by the present invention. Any type of suitable transmission system and/or power generation system known in the art can be used to convert the energy of the rotor rotation into electricity. For example, it can be used, direct drive (gearless) power generation equipment that requires any mechanical transmission. The direct drive type f device has a set of stators and a set of rotors. One of them is provided with an electromagnetic winding group. If a permanent magnet is used, a permanent magnet and a bracket 3 are provided with a conductive winding address. Power is generated when the relative rotor of the rotor and stator passes or passes through the stator. Fig. 6 shows the driving power generation I in which the magnetic field pole 61 of the permanent magnet is fixed to the outer wall 5 by the upper edge of the inwardly extending portion 233 of the == turntable 23 and the turns. An alternative rotor support arrangement 30 provides a second arrangement in which the rotor is mounted to the core tower ledge 3G. Wall _ The shaft 54 set on the butterfly surface is added to the wheel state. The horizontal stabilizer 18S ^The rotor is missing. There is no solid field: 'The outer wall of the ride is on the roller material 34. (4) Surgically placed bolster A second preferred embodiment of the alternative arrangement with the rotor arm
12 200946773 第9-14圖猫述了根據本發明的第二優選的實施例的風 輪機，其具有另一可供選擇的轉子臂佈置。在這個實施例 中’轉子葉片由4個徑向延伸的桁架臂461、462、261、262 支撐於旋轉盤。葉片28的上部由從轉子旋轉盤23的頂部231 5 控向延伸的第一對水平的間隔開的桁架臂461、462支撐。 ❹12 200946773 Figures 9-14 illustrate a wind turbine according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention having another alternative rotor arm arrangement. In this embodiment the rotor blade is supported on the rotating disk by four radially extending truss arms 461, 462, 261, 262. The upper portion of the blade 28 is supported by a first pair of horizontal spaced apart truss arms 461, 462 that extend in a direction from the top 231 5 of the rotor disk 23. ❹
葉片28的下部由從轉子旋轉盤23的下部232徑向延伸的相 對應的第二對水平間隔開的桁架臂261、262支樓。在上組 和下組的桁架臂對461、462、261、262之間，對角的系-牵 臂48從上組徑向街架臂46卜462的内端延伸至下組徑向街 10 架臂261、262的遠端。每對桁架臂的引導架臂461、261亦 可由拉條(Stay)481，在水平面内，系-牽至轉子的旋轉盤23， 以增加穩定性。 第15和16圖示出了安装轉子於芯塔壁架3〇的另一種佈 置。此佈置可採用於第二優選實施例的風輪機。壁架沒有 15 翼牆35。上部橫向穩定輪子31被置於軌道351上運行，軌道 351設置於芯塔外部圓周的表面。第17和18圖是這種佈置的 平面視圖。 第19和20圖顯示了轉子臂的另_個可供_的設計， 20 其中’所述臂從旋轉盤23朝向轉子葉片28逐漸變細(:成錐 形）。所述的逐漸變細給轉子臂提供了更高 。、J強度，以抵抗 在轉子旋轉期間沿橫向方向的撓曲和彎曲。 此外，發明人設想，為了減低轉子臂在移動時經過空 氣的阻力，在這個和其他的實施例中，魅 得子摩可安置在空 氣動力學形狀的外殼内。 13 200946773 含葉片組合佈置的第三優選的實施例 升力型垂直軸線風輪機的—個缺點是，當轉子的葉片 28在風中疑轉時有與旋轉方向相反的阻力（負的動力）。轉子 在啟動時，需要足夠高的風速吹過葉片的表面才可產生啟 5動轉子戶斤需的空氣動力。為了克服上述困難，在本發明的 另個實施例中，在鄰近旋轉盤23位置加設有彎曲度的葉 片’形成組合式的風輪機。第9-14圖顯示了優選的實施例 中的這種組合式風輪機。彎曲葉片被設置在上部和下部桁 架對(461、462)、（261、261)之間。葉片45可如阻力型轉子 ® 10葉片在風中操作’幫助啟動轉子的轉動。隨著轉子速度的 增加在翼型葉片28上產生的空氣動力也增加，並且貢獻 , 給轉子的轉動力。在正常的轉子速度時，主要的旋轉力來 自於翼型葉片28。 . 儘管在第9-14圖中示出的實施例都具有位於上部和下 Μ部的徑向街架臂對之間的3個彎曲的葉片45，但是這對本發 明來說不是必要的。只要能在期望的風速足以開始轉動轉 子，可任意選擇設置於旋轉盤23圓周彎曲葉片乜的數量和 ❹ 大小。 第19和20圖顯示了另一可供選擇的葉片組合佈置，其 20巾，多個葉片45設置於轉子的旋轉盤23，獨立於轉子臂。 與在圖9-14中所描述的實施例相比，葉片45的數量較多， 因而可較細小。在速度較高，當轉子主要靠作用於外葉片 28的升力操作時，葉片45引起的阻力會較小。 、 抽水蓄能系統 14 200946773 第1圖亦示出了一個根據本發明的風輪機的重要但不 是必要的特徵。因風輪機的高度和規模，在芯塔中，在非 常高的高度儲存大量的水是可行的。大量的水可被儲存在 芯塔的内壁和外壁之間的上部空隙7内，而不需要對塔的上 部進行非常大的額外加固。同樣地’在所述塔較低部的中 心的空間11内儲存大量的水也不需要對所述塔進行非常大 的額外加固。這些水可通過設置在壁間的空間中的或在内 壁内表面上的管道，在上部的和下部的蓄水池間移動。當 風的情況使產生的電量比需要供給電網或當地耗電量多 10 15 善 20 時，由電泵把水從下部的蓄水池抽到上部的蓄水池中。當 條件相反或在負載的高峰時，或當風小時，把水經過用於 ㈣風力發電的水力發電裝置從上料蓄水池排回至下部 ，蓄水池。雖然抽水蓄能系統在現有技術中是已知的，但 疋攻7為止由於受到風輪機塔的體積和強度以及單塔風力 ，電容量的限制’把抽水蓄能系統結合至風力發電裝置中 :月W通過。又置非常堅固的高且大的塔和通過裝置 妾服了層轉子錢早塔^的發電容量，根據本發明的塔 克服了這些問題。 在上述的描述中，斜 ,, m /、有已知的對應物的整體或部件 進仃了引用，那麼這些對 * 1卞 包含在本發日种。 物如同在此處單出一樣都 儘管已經描述了本發 在不背離本發明的實“實施例，然而，應该理解到 下，可進行變化、改進或：。的權利要求的範㈣ 15 200946773 【圖式簡單說明3 第1圖是根據本發明的第一實施例的多層風輪機的截 面正視圖； 第2圖是經過第1圖的A-A線的截面平面圖； 5 第3圖是經過第1圖的B-B線的截面平面圖； 第4圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子臂和葉片的截面 正視圖； 第5圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝和發電裝置 佈置的圖示； 10 第6圖是第一實施例的風輪機的發電裝置的可替代實 施例的圖示； 第7圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝的第二佈置 的圖示； 第8圖是第一實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝的第三佈置 15 的圖示； 第9圖是根據本發明的具有不同轉子臂結構的第二實 施例的多層風輪機的截面正視圖； 第10圖是經過第9圖的C-C線的截面平面圖； 第11圖是經過第9圖的D-D線的截面平面圖； 20 第12圖是第二實施例的風輪機的一對轉子臂和葉片的 截面正視圖； 第13圖是經過第二實施例的風輪機的上部桁架臂的截 面平面圖； 第14圖是經過第二實施例的風輪機的下部桁架臂的截 16 200946773 面平面圖； 第15圖是用於在第二實施例的風輪機的轉子安裝裝佈 置圖示； 第16圖是在第15圖中示出的佈置的頂端滚子組合的放 5 大圖； 第17圖是在第15圖中示出的在第二實施例的C-C線上 的截面平面圖； 第18圖是在第15圖中示出的在第二實施例的D-D線上 的截面平面圖； 10 第19圖是根據本發明的第三實施例的多層風輪機轉子 頂部的截面平面圖，該風輪機具有不同設計的轉子臂和在 轉子旋轉盤圓周設有多個阻力型轉子葉片；以及 第20圖是第19圖的實施例的轉子底部的截面平面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1…風輪機 25…欽鍵 5、6…圓形牆壁 26…析架臂 7…空間 27…系緊構件 8···肋式骨幹 28…葉片 9···電梯豎井 29…翼牆 10…樓梯間 30…壁架 11…空間 31…滾子 19、20、21、22…轉子 32…滾子 23…旋轉盤 33…止推滾子 24…副支架 34…軌道梁 17 200946773 35…翼牆 232...底部 40…發電裝置 233...鉤狀框架部分 41…齒輪 311...穩定輪子 42、43…齒輪 351...圓形軌道 44…環齒輪 352...第二圓形軌道 45…葉片 353...圓形軌道 48系-牽臂 354...軌道 60…定子繞圈組 461、462、261、262...桁架臂 61…磁場磁極 481…拉條 231...頂部 ❹ 18The lower portion of the vane 28 is defined by a corresponding second pair of horizontally spaced truss arms 261, 262 extending radially from the lower portion 232 of the rotor disk 23. Between the upper and lower sets of truss arm pairs 461, 462, 261, 262, the diagonal line-arm 48 extends from the inner end of the upper set of radial ramp arms 46 462 to the lower set of radial streets 10 The distal ends of the arms 261, 262. The guide arms 461, 261 of each pair of truss arms can also be pulled into the rotating disk 23 of the rotor in a horizontal plane by a stay 481 to increase stability. Figures 15 and 16 illustrate another arrangement for mounting the rotor to the core tower ledge. This arrangement can be employed in the wind turbine of the second preferred embodiment. The ledge does not have 15 wing walls 35. The upper lateral stabilizer wheel 31 is placed on the rail 351, and the rail 351 is disposed on the surface of the outer circumference of the core tower. Figures 17 and 18 are plan views of this arrangement. Figures 19 and 20 show another design of the rotor arm, 20 where the arm tapers from the rotating disk 23 toward the rotor blade 28 (: tapered). The tapering provides a higher height to the rotor arm. , J strength, to resist deflection and bending in the transverse direction during rotor rotation. Furthermore, the inventors contemplate that in this and other embodiments, the charm can be placed in an aerodynamically shaped outer casing in order to reduce the resistance of the rotor arm through the air as it moves. 13 200946773 Third Preferred Embodiment with Blade Combination Arrangement A disadvantage of the lift type vertical axis wind turbine is that there is resistance (negative power) opposite to the direction of rotation when the blades 28 of the rotor are suspected of turning in the wind. When the rotor is started, it needs a high enough wind speed to blow through the surface of the blade to generate the aerodynamic force required for the rotor. In order to overcome the above difficulties, in another embodiment of the present invention, a blade having a curvature is placed adjacent to the position of the rotary disk 23 to form a combined wind turbine. Figures 9-14 show such a combined wind turbine in a preferred embodiment. The curved blades are disposed between the upper and lower truss pairs (461, 462), (261, 261). The blade 45 can be operated in the wind as a resistance type rotor ® 10 blade to help start the rotation of the rotor. As the rotor speed increases, the aerodynamic forces generated on the airfoil blades 28 also increase and contribute to the rotational force of the rotor. At normal rotor speeds, the primary rotational force is derived from the airfoil blades 28. Although the embodiment shown in Figures 9-14 has three curved vanes 45 between the pair of radial strut arms of the upper and lower jaws, this is not essential to the present invention. As long as the desired wind speed is sufficient to start rotating the rotor, the number of the curved blades 圆周 and the size of the 设置 can be arbitrarily selected. Figures 19 and 20 show another alternative blade combination arrangement, 20 blades, a plurality of blades 45 disposed on the rotating disk 23 of the rotor, independent of the rotor arms. Compared to the embodiment depicted in Figures 9-14, the number of vanes 45 is greater and thus can be finer. At higher speeds, the resistance caused by the blades 45 is less when the rotor is operated primarily by the lift acting on the outer blades 28. Pumped Storage System 14 200946773 Figure 1 also shows an important but not essential feature of a wind turbine according to the present invention. Due to the height and scale of the wind turbine, it is feasible to store a large amount of water at a very high height in the core tower. A large amount of water can be stored in the upper gap 7 between the inner and outer walls of the core tower without requiring a very large additional reinforcement of the upper portion of the tower. Similarly, storing a large amount of water in the space 11 at the center of the lower portion of the tower does not require a very large additional reinforcement of the tower. This water can be moved between the upper and lower reservoirs by means of ducts provided in the space between the walls or on the inner surface of the inner wall. When the wind condition causes the generated electricity to be more than 10 15 good 20 to be supplied to the grid or local power consumption, the electric pump pumps the water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir. When the conditions are opposite or at the peak of the load, or when the wind is low, the water is discharged from the loading reservoir to the lower part, the water storage tank, through the hydroelectric generating unit for (4) wind power generation. Although pumped storage systems are known in the prior art, the impact of the wind turbine tower and the single tower wind, the capacity limitation of the wind turbine tower is combined with the pumped storage system into the wind power plant: Month W passed. The tower according to the present invention overcomes these problems by placing a very strong tall and large tower and the power generation capacity of the layer rotor by means of the device. In the above description, the oblique, m, and the whole or part of the known counterpart are referred to, and these pairs * 1卞 are included in the present day. The present invention has been described as if it has been described herein, although it has been described that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the scope of the invention. However, it should be understood that variations, improvements, or claims may be made. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of a multi-layer wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line AA of FIG. 1; A cross-sectional plan view of the BB line of the drawing; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional front view of the rotor arm and the blade of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; Fig. 5 is a view showing the rotor mounting and power generating device arrangement of the wind turbine of the first embodiment 10 is a diagram showing an alternative embodiment of the power generating device of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; FIG. 7 is a view showing a second arrangement of the rotor mounting of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; Is a diagram of a third arrangement 15 of the rotor mounting of the wind turbine of the first embodiment; FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional elevational view of the multilayer wind turbine of the second embodiment having different rotor arm configurations according to the present invention; Is the cut of the CC line after the 9th figure Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view through the DD line of Fig. 9; 20 Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional front view of a pair of rotor arms and blades of the wind turbine of the second embodiment; Fig. 13 is a second embodiment A cross-sectional plan view of the upper truss arm of the wind turbine; Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the lower truss arm of the wind turbine of the second embodiment; Fig. 15 is a plan view of the rotor for the wind turbine of the second embodiment; FIG. 16 is a plan view of the top roller combination of the arrangement shown in FIG. 15; FIG. 17 is a CC line of the second embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional plan view of the DD line of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 15; FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional plan view of the top of the multi-layer wind turbine rotor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The wind turbine has rotor arms of different designs and a plurality of resistance type rotor blades provided on the circumference of the rotor rotating disk; and Fig. 20 is a sectional plan view of the rotor bottom of the embodiment of Fig. 19. [Main component symbol description] 1 …wind Machine 25... Qin key 5, 6... Round wall 26... Riser arm 7... Space 27... Tightening member 8··· Rib-type backbone 28... Blade 9···Elevator shaft 29...Wing wall 10...Stairwell 30 ... ledge 11... space 31... rollers 19, 20, 21, 22... rotor 32... roller 23... rotating disk 33... thrust roller 24... sub-bracket 34... track beam 17 200946773 35... wing wall 232.. Bottom 40... Power generating device 233... Hook frame portion 41... Gear 311... Stabilizing wheels 42, 43... Gear 351... Round track 44... Ring gear 352... Second circular track 45... Blade 353...circular track 48-arm 354...track 60...stator winding set 461,462,261,262...truss arm 61...magnetic field pole 481...bar 231...top ❹ 18