200928279 六、發明說明： 相關申請案 本專利申請案是2005年2月1曰申請之發明名稱為 vv METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING FREEZING NUCLEATION AND PROPAGATION"的待審美 國專利申請案第11/049,202號的部分接續申請案，後者依200928279 VI. INSTRUCTIONS: RELATED APPLICATIONS This patent application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire content Continuing the application, the latter
35 U.S.C. § 119(e)主張2004年6 月 4 曰申請之、、MULTIPLE ❹ COOLING TECHNIQUES 〃的美國臨時專利申請案第 60/577,262號的優先權，二者之内容均以引用的方式併入本 文中。又，本專利申請案是2003年8月18日申請之發明35 USC § 119(e) claims the priority of US Provisional Patent Application No. 60/577,262, filed on Jun. 4, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference. in. Moreover, this patent application is an invention filed on August 18, 2003.
名稱為、、REMEDIES TO PREVENT CRACKING IN A LIQUID SYSTEM"的待審美國專利申請案第10/643,641號 的部分接續申請案，後者依35 U.S.C. § 119(e)主張2003Part of the continuation application of the pending US patent application No. 10/643,641 to REMEDIES TO PREVENT CRACKING IN A LIQUID SYSTEM", the latter pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) 2003
年1月31曰申請之'REMEDY F〇R FR£ezing沉 CLOSED-LOOP LIQUID COOLING FOR ELECTRONIC ❹ DEVICES//的美國臨時專利申請案第60/444,269號的優先 權，二者之内容均以引用的方式併入本文中。 發明範疇 本發明關於-種防止液冷系統龜裂的裝置及方法，譬 如可從電子器件或其組件轉移熱者。特定言之，本發明藉 由包含眾多機構和物體以對抗水溶液賴权舰且藉由 使束結流體朝具有實質減小表面積-體積比之區域之方向開 始膨脹的方式對抗流财結_之膨服作用。 發明背景 200928279 當水或許多其他液體混合物被冷卻至其冰點以下時， 物質從液態轉變成固態，且經歷顯著的體積膨脹作用。已 在管件或其他幽閉空間内凍結的水不是只有使管件堵塞和 阻擔水流而已。當;東結作用發生在—綱空間譬如鋼管内 時，冰會膨脹且施加極大壓力，此壓力經常足以使管件龜 裂並造成嚴重傷害。這種現象是熱水加熱系統及汽車冷卻 系統中常見的故障模式。 ❹ 形成於官中的冰並非永遠會在發生冰塞之處龜裂。事 實上’隨著管巾完全被冰堵塞’管内之持财結和膨脹作 可導致下触水壓加大。水壓之增加導絲件故障及/或 龜裂。在冰塞的上游，水可能朝其流入來源撤退，且有少 量壓力累積造成龜裂。 祕電子时的液冷祕偶目會在運輸、儲存或使用 期間遭遇到半束結環境。由於這些系統偶而會被;東結，其 必須被設計成能在;東結時容忍水的膨脹作用。諸如防賴 〇 加魏可能是有毒且可_，且可能損害機械組件、 敏感的感測器及電子系統，這正是為什麼通常以純水或大 致純淨的水為冷媒之上選。 今需要一種防止液冷系統中發生龜裂的裝置及方法， 其可容忍幽閉空間内之預定程度的來結和膨脹作用而不損 害電子組件或影響系統效能。 發明概述 本么明保4 -液冷系統之組件和管件不發生與因該系 ’充内之體;東結造成之體積膨脹有關的龜裂作用。特定言 4 200928279 之，本發明之一觀點提出一種控制一液體系統中之凍結成 核和傳遞作用的裝置及方法，該液體系統具有一或多個麵 接的組件且其特徵在於複數種表面積-體積比，使得當發生 凍結時，流體從一具有一最高表面積-體積比之起始區域依 一或多個具有漸小表面積_體積比之區域的方向膨脹。因 此，本發明之一觀點管理並設計一或多個組件及該等組件 内之區域的表面積-體積比，這些組件包含熱交換器、流入 和流出埠及管狀構件，使得當凍結作用發生時，體積舍依 可接受知服體積的方向膨服。此外，本發明之另一觀點提 出一種形成一液冷系統的裝置及方法，其利用大小和體積 縮減機構、氣囊、可壓縮物體、及可撓物體以對抗水基溶 液/東結時之膨脹作用。在此種系統中，管件、栗及熱交換 器經設計以防止其殼體和隔室龜裂。 在一觀點中，揭示一種用於防止一液體系統龜裂的裝 置。該裝置包含一殼體和一可壓縮物體。該殼體經構形具 有多個不同凍結敏感性的區域，導致凍結作用在一高凍結 敏感區中開始，且使一康結鋒前（freeze front)從該高束結 敏感區經過一或多個凍結敏感性逐漸減低的區域朝一低凍 結敏感區推進。該可壓縮物體埋在一凍結敏感性低於該高 象結敏感區的區域中。 在另一觀點中，揭示另一種用於防止一液體系統龜裂 的裝置。该裝置包含一殼體和一釋壓區。該殼體經構形具 有多個不同表面積-體積比的區域，導致凍結作用在一高表 面積-體積比的區域中開始，且使一凍結鋒前從該高表面積_ 200928279 體積比區域朝一低表面積-體積比區域推進。該釋壓區被定 位在該殼體内且在該高表面積-體積比區域以外之一區域 中。該釋壓區可為一可壓縮物體。 在更另一觀點中，揭示一種容許;東結的熱交換器。該 熱交換器包含一具有一第一凍結敏感性的微結構化熱交換 £，歧官Q，其經構形具有一第二康結敏感性，使得該 歧管區内之流體會比該微結構化熱交換區内之流體晚凍 結，及一流體輸入區，其包含一可壓縮物體且經構形具有 一第二凍結敏感性，使得該流體輸入區内之流體會比該歧 管區内之流體晚凍結，其中該熱交換器經構形使得一凍結 鋒前從該微結構化熱交換區朝該可壓縮物體推進。該微結 構化區域可包含微型通道、多微孔發泡材、及偽發泡材當 中一或多者。 在另一觀點中，揭示一種防止一液體系統龜裂的方 法。該系統包含一泵和一熱交換器。該方法包含將該系統 構形為具有多個不同表面積_體積比的區域，導致凍結作用 在一同表面積_體積比的區域中開始並朝一低表面積-體積 比區域推進。該方法亦包含提供一在該高表面積_體積比區 域以外之一區域流體耦合於該系統的殼體，且將一可壓縮 物體放在該殼體内。 較佳實施例詳細說明 以下詳細參照本發明之較佳實施例和替代實施例，其 實例例不於隨附圖式中。儘管將參照較佳實施例說明本發 明，應理解到不希黯本發明舰在這些實補。相反地， 6 200928279 本發明希望涵蓋可被包容在如附屬申請專利範圍項所界定 之發明精神和範圍内的替代方案、修改及等效物。又，在 以下發明詳細說明中，會提出許多特定細節以便提供本發 明之透徹瞭解。但應理解到本發明可在沒有這些特定細^ 的情况下實行。在其他案例中，廣為人知的方法、程序和 組件未被詳細說明以避免不必要地混淆本發明之觀點。 第1圖例示一閉路冷卻系統100之示意圖，其包含附 © 接於-發熱器件55 (圖中示為附著於一電路板的積體電 路，然亦可為一電路板或其他發熱器件）的熱交換器2〇 ; - 一用於循環流體的泵30 ; 一散熱器40，其可包含複數個鰭 . 片46以更進一步協助將熱導離系統100 ;及一根據在熱交 換器20測得之溫度用於一泵輸入電壓的控制器5〇。來自一 流入口 32的流體流被泵30牽引通過一多孔結構（圖中未 示），且經由流出口 34離開。儘管較佳實施例使用電滲透 泵，應理解到本發明可被施行在一使用其他類型之泵的系 ® 統。 、 仍參照第1圖，流體經由管段114和110通過熱交換 器20和散熱器40然後經由另一管路112流回泵3〇之流入 口 32。控制器50被理解為一電子電路，其從熱交換器2〇 中之溫度感測器或是從被冷卻的器件55中之溫度感測器取 得輸入彳§號，這些信號沿著信號線12〇傳輸。控制器5〇根 據該等輸入信號藉由沿著信號線122向泵30相關之電源供 應器（圖中未示）施加信號的方式調節通過泵30之流量以 達成期望熱效能。儘管此實施例指定一流向’應理解到本 7 200928279 發明可被施行為具有反向流向。 當流體溫度降到冰點以下時，冰形成為堵塞物。冰之 形成速率取決於流體冷卻之速率，這至少部分地取決於表 面積-體積比。冰在系統100之區域中的持續成長可造成過 大流體壓力。合成壓力可使個別元件破裂或受損，譬如管 路之管段110、112、114，熱交換器20和40内之通道，及 /或^ 30内之隔室。如下文所將詳細說明，個別元件必須以 ❹ 一容許流體或水凍結時之膨脹作用的方式設計。 第2圖例示一熱交換器2〇〇實施例，其劃分成區域卜 2、3A和3B且特徵在於表面積_體積比。熱交換器2〇〇耦 接=分別設置在區域4A和且特徵在於表面積_體積比 的，狀構件210和260。在此實施例中，區域i是起始區且 邊等管狀構件代表一或多個最終區。區域丨較佳是一或多 個微通道（圖巾未示）或一多孔結構（圖巾未示），譬如多 微孔發泡材或偽發泡材。另一選擇，區域i可為一^多個 ❷ 微型針（圖中未示）。就每一區域計算表面積，較佳是直接 根據模型幾何形狀計算。區域可由一或多個結構物譬如銅 發泡材建構以在整個熱交換器2〇〇具有一期望表面積-體積 二匕„區域計算體積’較佳是直接根據模型幾何形狀 汁二。每一區域之表面積_體積比係由每一區域之表面積除 以每-區域之體積的方式計算。相鄰區域之合成表面積-體 積比值經比較。當熱交換器之表面積-體積比於康結作 用開始時係從區域i往外朝該等管狀構件逐漸減小時，束 、-進程被5忍為疋有利的。狀言之，區域]之表面積-體積 8 200928279 比係相對較大且管狀構件（區域4A、4B)之表面積邊積 比係相對較小。 、在康結過程中，流體從一具有最大表面積體積比之區 域依-或多㈣具有漸小表面積·體積比之區域的方向膨服。 應理解到熱交換器200 (包含管狀構件21G和)可包含 多個區域，每-區域具備不同的表面積_體積比。相鄰區域 之區域表面積.體積熱交換^ 依f狀構件21〇和 ❹ 之方向騎減小；區域表面積·體積比依下述區域順序 ，小.1>2>3B>4B及1>2>3A>4A。在此實施例中， 官狀構件210和260、經設計以適應必要的體積膨脹。 管狀構件210和260較佳包含柔性材料以適應一等同 於至少該系統中;東結流體之體積累計變化的膨服體積。較 佳來說’管狀構件21〇和26〇具有足以往外膨服的充分彈 性以適應因.流體珠結造成之體積膨脹。另一選擇，一或多 個可壓縮物體（圖中未示）可轉接於管狀構件2H)和26〇， ❹ #巾㈣結流體絲於該可魏物體上_力使管狀構件 210和之體積加大。較佳來說，可壓縮物體（圖中未示） ，雜在管狀構件内且可由閉孔海綿、閉孔發泡材、氣泡、 逾封s件、氣賴成且/或被封餘—氣密密封的封裝體 内。該封裝體可由金屬材料、金屬化塑膠薄片材料、或塑 膠材料製成。塑膠材料可從鐵氟龍、密拉、财、綸，CTFE與 =、PET、PVC、PEN之—顧贼任何其他適當封裝材 *中選出。可採用其他_之可_物體。海綿和發泡材 可為疏水性的。 9 200928279 μ在另一實施例中，至少一氣囊（圖中未示）可設置在 :狀構件21G和細中’其t該氣囊（财未示）適應由 凌結流體造成之膨脹。另一選擇，至少-可撓物體（圖中 未不）輪接於管狀構件210和26〇 ’其中由來結流體施加於 可挽物體（圖中未示）上的廢力使管狀構件210和260之 體積加大。该可撓物體（圖中未示）較佳被固定在管狀構 件内且係由下列物之一者製成：橡膠，塑膠，及發泡材。 $解到亦可使用額外的柔性材料以承受康結流體之膨脹 士在第3圖所示實施例中，一裝置或栗6〇包含一具有一 流入室62和一流出室64的機殼68。-泵送機構或姓構 =殼68之-底面到機殼68之一上表面隔開流入室^盘 机出室64。泵送結構69將液體從—泵入口 61送, 口 66 °隔室62和64裝滿流體。較佳來說，用錢6/中的 液體是水。設想t錄本發明喊任够_當液體。 仍參照第3圖，果60可經設計使得隔室幻和 者内沒有大型水囊。由於水在凍結時會賸 =過液體，東結作用係發生在幽閉空間譬如隔 時，因流體膨脹造成的位移與隔室 積量成比例。將隔室62和64所佔用之大小和體體 會減小位移，且藉此使隔室62和Μ内 積取小化 移的液體量。 東、、、Q作用而被排 如第4圖所示，流入和流出室乃和％ 第3圖之隔室62和64經實質減小。因此 積相較於 出現在泵70中 200928279 的水量大幅減少。隔室72和74需要詳細的機械分析，但 隔室72和74可經設計以承受凍結水所施加之力。流入和 流出室72和74可為能夠在一最小大小和體積狀態與一最 大大小和體積狀態之間膨脹收縮。應理解到第1圖中之管 段110、112和114可減小大小和體積以減小因系統1〇〇(第 1圖）一些區域中之流體膨脹作用造成的位移。 在另一實施例中，如第5圖所示，一裝置或泵8〇包含 φ 一具有一流入室82和一流出室84的機殼88。一泵送結構 89從機殼88之一底面到機殼88之一上表面隔開流入室82 與流出室84。泵送結構69將液體從一泵入口 81送到一泵 出口 86。隔室82和84裝有大量流體。較佳來說，用在泵 8〇中的液體是水。設想中依據本發明涵蓋任何其他適當液 體。 仍參照第5圖，氣囊85和87設置在流入室82和流出 室84中。氣囊85和87較佳被定位為離流體在隔室82和 〇 84中開始;東結之處最退。冰在隔室82和84内;東結後的膨 脹作用會佔去氣囊85和87所佔用之空間的一部份，且導 致隔室82和84内之壓力稍微加大。不過，空氣具有充分 的可壓縮性，可被相對小力大幅壓縮，致使冰之膨脹作用 易於適應。較佳來說，氣囊85和87具有與隔室82和84 内之流體量成比例的體積。氣囊85和87較佳能適應百分 之五至百分之二十五的預定水準流體膨脹。 如前所述，形成於一幽閉空間内的冰不一定會在發生 初始冰塞之處造成破裂。事實上，在一幽閉空間内完成冰 200928279 =，該幽閉空間内部之持續，東結和膨脹作用導致下游流 =力加大。流體壓力會在—氣密密封系統中繼結之 處達到最大。此壓力可能非常大，除非在該區域中有一受 。隔室82和84之熱學設計可經修改以選擇流體開 =結的位置，且安排為使較侧從—處開始且持續地 朝一位於另一處的氣囊推進。舉例來說，如果在一隔室之 氣囊，流體應當會在該隔室之底面成核。當流體 ❹ f始在隔室底面縣，冰膨脹_排移水並_該氣囊。 由於空氣可輕易壓縮，隔室可完全;東結而不在隔室内任一 處產生大力。 ▲要在隔室内安排-起始來結處，可能有必要提供一從 該起始凌結處到制遭的熱路徑。當流體或隔室被從一冰 :以：冷卻時’該熱路徑用來有效地排出儲存於該處之埶 二’ 一任選的金屬嵌件288從該隔室中起始康 4女裝到其欲服務之隔室之頂面。較佳來說，金屬嵌件 288係由—不會污染流體的金屬譬如銅構成。另-選擇，局 域地加大隔室之表面積_體積比或是降低隔 果柯作為金屬嵌件288之替代…關_素是 特疋處變得更快冷之任何材料或結構的使用，且因此來結 作用之傳遞從該處到第5圖之氣囊85和87是連續的。、。 在—些案例中，可能難以控制氣囊85和87在隔室82 和84内之定位和位置。此外，可能難以在系統_ (第1 圖）之每-隔室中設置一氣囊。在另一實施例中，如第6 圖所不，一或多個可壓縮物體95和97埋在泵9〇内。泵卯 12 200928279 包含一具有一流入室92和—流出室94的機殼％。一果送 2構99從機殼98之-底面到機殼％之一上表面隔開流入 室92與流出室料。泵送結構99將液體從一聚入口 ％送到 -栗出π 96。隔室92和94裝有大量流體。較佳來說，用 在系90中的液體是水。設想中依據本發明涵蓋任何其他適 當液體。 仍參照第6圖，一或多個可魏物體95和97埋入並 〇 搞接於流入室92和流出室94。物體95和97可為-閉孔疏 水性發泡材或海纟帛。較絲說，滅95和97能適應百分 之五至百分之二十五的預定水準流體膨脹。為適應流體膨 脹’物體95和97較佳具有與隔室92和94中之流體量成 比例的大小和體積。 物體95和95可由一可壓縮材料譬如開孔或閉孔發泡 材、橡膠、海綿、氣泡、彈性體、或任何相關材料構成， 且有-保護層覆蓋該可壓縮材料之所有表面。擁有該保護 〇 層的目的是防止該可壓縮材料與一周遭流體接觸。該保護 層可由多種方式形成，包括包纏及密封、浸塗、噴塗、或 其他類似方式。該保護層可為一真空層壓蓋，譬如一喷塗 層、一沈積層、或一由該可壓縮材料之反應或加熱表面形 成的層。此外，有可能藉由熱融合、熔融、或使可壓縮材 料之表面化學改性的方式在此等表面上形成形成一保護 層。該保護層可為充分可撓使得該可壓縮材料之體積可因 壓力而縮減。為達成此可撓度，保護層可為遠薄於該可壓 縮材料。又，該保護層可由一不會被冷卻系統所用流體化 13 200928279 學性攻擊或是因高於和低於冰點之溫度循環而劣化的材料 構成。該保護層可經氣密密封使得氣體無法進入或離開該 保護層内之容積。該保護層可由多種材料構成，包含鐵氟 龍、密拉、聚乙烯、耐論、PET、PVC、PEN、或任何其他 適當塑料，且可在内表面或外表面上額外包含金屬薄臈以 增進氣密性。又，該保護層可為一金屬化塑膠薄片材料， 諸如用在洋芋片包裝中的材料，且可當作一不透層，阻隔 φ 所有氣體和液體擴散。再者，萬一有偶然發生的泡泡移動 通過冷卻系統，譬如當電滲透泵產生氫氣和氧氣泡時的情 況，該保護層可為疏水性的以協助降低氣泡附著於表面之 可能性。 在更另一實施例中，如第7A圖所示，一裝置或泵1〇3 包含一具有一流入室1〇2和一流出室1〇4的機殼1〇8。一泵 送結構109從機殼1〇8之一底面到機殼1〇8之一上表面隔 開流入室102與流出室1〇4。泵送結構1〇9將液體從一泵入 ❹ 口 101送到一泵出口 106。隔室102和1〇4裝有大量流體。 車父佳來說，用在泵1〇3中的液體是水。設想中依據本發明 涵蓋任何其他適當液體。 仍參照第7A圖，複數個獨立的可撓物體1〇5和1〇7耦 接於流入室102和流出室1〇4。在此實施例中，可撓物體 105和107較佳由一可撓材料譬如橡膠或塑膠構成。該可撓 材料較佳經設計並配置為使得其可被部分地移位、譬如像 第7B圖所示，藉以適應冰之膨脹作用而不會使其自身或流 入和流出室102和104之其他剛性元件龜裂。較佳來說， 200928279 可撓物體105和107能適應百分之五至百分之二十五的預 定水準流體膨脹。該等可撓物體可彼此相隔一段預定距 離。較佳來說’可撓物體105和107能夠在—最小體積狀 態與一最大體積狀態之間收縮膨脹。 第8A圖例示在一熱交換器130内耦接於流入埠131和 bn·出璋135之可壓縮物體132和134的示意圖。流體通常 從一或多個流入埠131沿著任何組態之微通道138中之一 ❹ 底面137流動並經由一或多個流出埠135離開，如箭頭所 示。可壓縮物體132和134較佳經設計並配置為使得其可 被部分地移位以適應冰之膨脹作用而不會使其自身或第8A 圖中之流入和流出埠131和135之其他剛性元件龜裂。 第8B圖例示沿一熱交換器140之一底面147設置在微 通道148内之可壓縮物體145的示意圖。如第8B圖所示， 可壓縮物體145可被配置在微通道148内致使可壓縮物體 145構成一從頂面149到底面147之密封件的部分。在第 ❹ 8A圖和第8B圖中，可壓縮物體發揮熱交換器内之防凍作 用。可壓縮物體145之定位係想要使流阻最小化，且避免 從底面147到流體之熱轉移變差。可壓縮物體145定位在 微通道侧面上亦屬可行’然相較於第圖所示定位略差。 定位在底面147上會因為可壓縮物體145之高熱阻而使熱 交換器的效能大幅變差。 第9A圖例示耦接於一散熱器内之流體管路150之壁 151和155的可麗縮物體I%和154的示意圖。管路15〇之 長度可在系統1〇〇 (第1圖）之某些部分中較系統之其他部 15 200928279 分長出例如幾公分，且在其他部分中可能長出—公尺。可 壓細物體152和154之一段在管路15〇之壁151和155上 的定位會發揮散熱器内之防;東作用。另一選擇，如第9B圖 所π ’可壓縮元件165譬如可壓縮發泡結構可沿管路16〇 之-段穿人。可壓縮元件165可在f路16G内自由浮動。 由=可壓縮元件165比管路16G細，其可輕易穿入而沒有The priority of US Provisional Patent Application No. 60/444,269, which is filed on Jan. 31, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The manner is incorporated herein. Scope of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for preventing cracking of a liquid cooling system, such as transferring heat from an electronic device or a component thereof. In particular, the present invention counteracts the flow of money by including a plurality of mechanisms and objects against the aqueous solution and by causing the beam-forming fluid to expand toward a region having a substantially reduced surface area to volume ratio. Service role. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 200928279 When water or many other liquid mixtures are cooled below their freezing point, the material changes from a liquid to a solid and undergoes significant volume expansion. Water that has been frozen in a pipe or other claustrophobic space does not only block the pipe and block the flow of water. When the east knot occurs in a space such as a steel pipe, the ice expands and exerts a great pressure, which is often sufficient to cause the pipe to crack and cause serious damage. This phenomenon is a common failure mode in hot water heating systems and automotive cooling systems.冰 Ice formed in the official is not always cracked at the point where the ice plug occurs. In fact, as the tube is completely blocked by ice, the holdings and expansions in the tube can cause the pressure on the lower touch to increase. Increased water pressure causes the guide wire to malfunction and/or crack. Upstream of the ice plug, water may retreat towards its source of inflow, and a small amount of pressure builds up causing cracks. The liquid-cooled secrets of the secret electronics encounter a half-bundling environment during transportation, storage or use. Because these systems will occasionally be; East knots, they must be designed to tolerate the expansion of water during the East knot. Such as 防 〇 〇 wei may be toxic and can damage mechanical components, sensitive sensors and electronic systems, which is why it is usually chosen with pure water or pure water as the refrigerant. There is a need for an apparatus and method for preventing cracking in a liquid cooling system that can tolerate a predetermined degree of knotting and expansion in a claustrophobic space without damaging electronic components or affecting system performance. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The components and fittings of the 4 - liquid cooling system do not undergo cracking associated with volume expansion caused by the body of the system; In particular, one aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus and method for controlling freeze nucleation and transfer in a liquid system having one or more interface components and characterized by a plurality of surface areas - The volume ratio is such that when freezing occurs, the fluid expands from a region having a highest surface area to volume ratio in the direction of one or more regions having a progressive surface area to volume ratio. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention manages and designs one or more components and surface area to volume ratios of regions within the components that include heat exchangers, inflows and outflows, and tubular members such that when freezing occurs, The volume is swallowed in the direction of acceptable volume. In addition, another aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus and method for forming a liquid cooling system that utilizes size and volume reduction mechanisms, air bags, compressible objects, and flexible objects to counteract the expansion of water-based solutions/east junctions. . In such systems, the tubing, pump and heat exchanger are designed to prevent cracking of their housing and compartment. In one aspect, an apparatus for preventing cracking of a liquid system is disclosed. The device includes a housing and a compressible object. The housing is configured to have a plurality of regions of different freeze sensitivity, causing the freezing to begin in a high freeze sensitive region and causing a freeze front to pass one or more freezes from the high beam junction sensitive region Areas with decreasing sensitivity are moving towards a low-freeze sensitive area. The compressible object is buried in a region where the freezing sensitivity is lower than the sensitive region of the high image. In another aspect, another apparatus for preventing cracking of a liquid system is disclosed. The device includes a housing and a pressure relief zone. The housing is configured to have a plurality of regions of different surface area to volume ratios, causing the freezing to begin in a region of high surface area to volume ratio and causing a freezing front to face a low surface area from the high surface area _ 200928279 volume ratio region - Volume ratio is advanced. The pressure relief zone is positioned within the housing and in one of the regions other than the high surface area to volume ratio region. The pressure relief zone can be a compressible object. In still another aspect, a heat exchanger that allows for; East knot is disclosed. The heat exchanger includes a microstructured heat exchange having a first freeze sensitivity, the configuration Q having a second kinky sensitivity such that fluid in the manifold region is more than the microstructure The fluid in the heat exchange zone is late frozen, and a fluid input zone comprising a compressible object and configured to have a second freeze sensitivity such that fluid in the fluid input zone is more fluid than in the manifold zone Late freezing, wherein the heat exchanger is configured such that a freezing front advances from the microstructured heat exchange zone toward the compressible object. The microstructured region may comprise one or more of a microchannel, a microporous foam, and a pseudofoam. In another aspect, a method of preventing cracking of a liquid system is disclosed. The system includes a pump and a heat exchanger. The method includes configuring the system to have a plurality of regions having different surface area to volume ratios, resulting in freezing that begins in a region of the same surface area to volume ratio and advances toward a region of low surface area to volume ratio. The method also includes providing a housing fluidly coupled to the system in a region other than the high surface area to volume ratio region and placing a compressible object within the housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following detailed description, reference is made to the preferred embodiments, Although the present invention will be described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, which are included in the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. In the following detailed description of the invention, numerous specific details are set forth However, it should be understood that the invention can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the inventive aspects. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed circuit cooling system 100 including a heat generating device 55 (shown as an integrated circuit attached to a circuit board, or a circuit board or other heat generating device). Heat exchanger 2〇; - a pump 30 for circulating fluid; a heat sink 40, which may include a plurality of fins. Sheet 46 to further assist in directing heat away from system 100; and one based on heat exchanger 20 The resulting temperature is used for a pump input voltage controller 5〇. The fluid flow from the first flow inlet 32 is drawn by the pump 30 through a porous structure (not shown) and exits via the outflow port 34. While the preferred embodiment uses an electroosmotic pump, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in a system that uses other types of pumps. Still referring to Fig. 1, fluid passes through heat exchangers 20 and radiators 40 via tubes 114 and 110 and then flows back to inlet 32 of pump 3 via another conduit 112. The controller 50 is understood to be an electronic circuit that takes input from the temperature sensor in the heat exchanger 2 or from the temperature sensor in the cooled device 55, which signals are along the signal line 12. 〇 transmission. The controller 5 adjusts the flow through the pump 30 to achieve the desired thermal performance by applying a signal along the signal line 122 to a power supply (not shown) associated with the pump 30 based on the input signals. Although this embodiment specifies a first-class orientation, it should be understood that the invention can be applied in a reverse flow direction. When the fluid temperature drops below freezing, the ice forms a blockage. The rate at which ice is formed depends on the rate at which the fluid cools, which depends, at least in part, on the surface area to volume ratio. The continued growth of ice in the area of system 100 can cause excessive fluid pressure. The resultant pressure can rupture or damage individual components, such as the pipe sections 110, 112, 114, the passages in the heat exchangers 20 and 40, and/or the compartments within the 30. As will be explained in more detail below, individual components must be designed in such a way as to permit expansion of the fluid or water when it is frozen. Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a heat exchanger 2, which is divided into regions 2, 3A and 3B and characterized by a surface area to volume ratio. The heat exchanger 2〇〇 is coupled to the members 4 and 210, respectively, which are disposed in the region 4A and characterized by a surface area to volume ratio. In this embodiment, the region i is the starting region and the tubular members such as the sides represent one or more final regions. Preferably, the region 丨 is one or more microchannels (not shown) or a porous structure (not shown) such as a microporous foam material or a pseudo foam material. Alternatively, the area i can be one or more 微型 microneedles (not shown). Calculating the surface area for each zone is preferably calculated directly from the model geometry. The zone may be constructed from one or more structures, such as a copper foam material, to have a desired surface area - volume 匕 „region calculated volume throughout the heat exchanger 2 较佳 preferably based directly on the model geometry juice 2. Each zone The surface area to volume ratio is calculated by dividing the surface area of each zone by the volume of each zone. The composite surface area to volume ratio of adjacent zones is compared. When the surface area to volume ratio of the heat exchanger is at the beginning of the Kang effect When the tubular member is gradually reduced from the region i toward the outside, the bundle, the process is favored by the five. In other words, the surface area of the region - the volume 8 200928279 is relatively large and the tubular member (region 4A, 4B) The surface area side product ratio is relatively small. In the Kang Jie process, the fluid is swallowed from a region having a maximum surface area to volume ratio in a direction of a region having a decreasing surface area to volume ratio. The heat exchanger 200 (including the tubular member 21G and the) may include a plurality of regions, each having a different surface area to volume ratio. The area of the adjacent region is surface area. The volumetric heat exchange is in accordance with the f-shaped structure. The direction of the 21〇 and ❹ rides is reduced; the area surface area to volume ratio is in the order of the following areas, small .1 > 2 > 3B > 4B & 1 > 2 > 3A > 4A. In this embodiment, the official member 210 and 260. Designed to accommodate the necessary volume expansion. The tubular members 210 and 260 preferably comprise a flexible material to accommodate an expansion volume equivalent to at least the volume of the East knot fluid; 21〇 and 26〇 have sufficient elasticity to expand outward to accommodate the volume expansion caused by the fluid bead. Alternatively, one or more compressible objects (not shown) can be transferred to the tubular member 2H) And 26 〇, ❹ #巾(四) The fluid filament on the coring object _ force increases the volume of the tubular member 210 and. Preferably, the compressible object (not shown) is miscellaneous in the tubular member and It can be enclosed by a closed-cell sponge, a closed-cell foaming material, a bubble, a over-sealed piece, a gas-filled and/or sealed-airtight sealed package. The package can be made of a metal material, a metallized plastic sheet material, or Made of plastic material. Plastic material can be from Teflon, Mura Cai, Lun, CTFE and =, PET, PVC, PEN - selected from any other suitable packaging material * can use other _ _ objects. Sponge and foam materials can be hydrophobic. 9 200928279 μ In another embodiment, at least one air bag (not shown) may be disposed in the shape member 21G and the thin portion 'the air bag (not shown) is adapted to the expansion caused by the tangential fluid. Another option, at least - The flexible object (not shown) is rotated to the tubular members 210 and 26', wherein the waste force applied by the fluid to the collapsible object (not shown) increases the volume of the tubular members 210 and 260. A flexible object (not shown) is preferably secured within the tubular member and is made of one of the following: rubber, plastic, and foam. It is also possible to use an additional flexible material to withstand the expansion of the Kangk fluid. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, a device or pump 6 includes a housing 68 having an inflow chamber 62 and a first-class chamber 64. - Pumping mechanism or surname = the bottom surface of the casing 68 to the upper surface of the casing 68 separates the inflow chamber. The pumping structure 69 delivers liquid from the pump inlet 61 and the port 66 compartments 62 and 64 are filled with fluid. Preferably, the liquid used in the money 6/ is water. Imagine t recording the invention shouting enough _ when liquid. Still referring to Fig. 3, fruit 60 can be designed such that there are no large water pockets within the compartment. Since the water will remain at the time of freezing = over liquid, the east knot occurs in a claustrophobic space such as a gap, and the displacement due to fluid expansion is proportional to the volume of the compartment. The size and body occupied by compartments 62 and 64 are reduced in displacement, and thereby the amount of liquid that is smalled in the compartment 62 and the crucible is accumulated. East,, and Q are arranged to be arranged as shown in Fig. 4, and the inflow and outflow chambers and the compartments 62 and 64 of the % Fig. 3 are substantially reduced. Therefore, the amount of water is significantly reduced compared to the amount of water that appears in pump 70 in 200928279. Compartments 72 and 74 require detailed mechanical analysis, but compartments 72 and 74 can be designed to withstand the forces exerted by the frozen water. The inflow and outflow chambers 72 and 74 can be expandable and contractible between a minimum size and volume state and a maximum size and volume state. It will be appreciated that the sections 110, 112 and 114 of Figure 1 can be reduced in size and volume to reduce displacement due to fluid expansion in some areas of the system 1 (Fig. 1). In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, a device or pump 8A includes a housing 88 having an inflow chamber 82 and a first-rate chamber 84. A pumping structure 89 separates the inflow chamber 82 from the outflow chamber 84 from a bottom surface of the housing 88 to an upper surface of the housing 88. Pumping structure 69 delivers liquid from a pump inlet 81 to a pump outlet 86. Compartments 82 and 84 are filled with a large amount of fluid. Preferably, the liquid used in the pump 8 is water. Any other suitable liquid is contemplated in accordance with the present invention. Still referring to Fig. 5, the air cells 85 and 87 are disposed in the inflow chamber 82 and the outflow chamber 84. The bladders 85 and 87 are preferably positioned to begin fluidly in the compartments 82 and 〇 84; the east junction is the most retracted. The ice is in compartments 82 and 84; the expansion after the east knot will account for a portion of the space occupied by bladders 85 and 87, and the pressure within compartments 82 and 84 will be slightly increased. However, air has sufficient compressibility and can be compressed by relatively small forces, making the expansion of ice easy to adapt. Preferably, the bladders 85 and 87 have a volume that is proportional to the amount of fluid in the compartments 82 and 84. The bladders 85 and 87 are preferably adapted to a predetermined level of fluid expansion of from five to twenty-five percent. As mentioned earlier, ice formed in a claustrophobic space does not necessarily cause cracking where the initial ice plug occurs. In fact, the ice is completed in a claustrophobic space. 200928279 =, the interior of the claustrophobic space continues, the east knot and the expansion cause the downstream flow = the force increases. Fluid pressure will be maximized at the junction of the hermetic seal system. This pressure can be very large unless there is a benefit in the area. The thermal design of compartments 82 and 84 can be modified to select the position of the fluid opening = knot and is arranged to advance the side from the side and continuously toward the one located at the other. For example, if a balloon is in a compartment, fluid should nucleate on the underside of the compartment. When the fluid ❹ f starts at the bottom of the compartment, the ice expands to drain the water and _ the airbag. Since the air can be easily compressed, the compartment can be complete; the east knot does not generate any force anywhere in the compartment. ▲ To arrange in the compartment - the beginning of the junction, it may be necessary to provide a thermal path from the starting junction to the system. When the fluid or compartment is removed from an ice: to: 'the cooling path is used to effectively discharge the second place stored in the room', an optional metal insert 288 is launched from the compartment. To the top of the compartment where you want to serve. Preferably, the metal insert 288 is constructed of a metal such as copper that does not contaminate the fluid. Another-selection, locally increase the surface area of the compartment _ volume ratio or reduce the replacement of the fruit ke as a metal insert 288... _ _ is the use of any material or structure that becomes colder at a special temperature, And thus the transfer of the knot from there to the airbags 85 and 87 of Fig. 5 is continuous. ,. In some cases, it may be difficult to control the positioning and position of the bladders 85 and 87 within the compartments 82 and 84. In addition, it may be difficult to provide an air bag in each of the compartments of the system _ (Fig. 1). In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 6, one or more compressible objects 95 and 97 are buried within the pump 9''. Pump 卯 12 200928279 includes a cabinet % having an inflow chamber 92 and an outflow chamber 94. The first structure 99 separates the inflow chamber 92 from the outflow chamber from the bottom surface of the casing 98 to the upper surface of the casing. The pumping structure 99 delivers liquid from a collection inlet % to a pi 96. Compartments 92 and 94 are filled with a large amount of fluid. Preferably, the liquid used in the system 90 is water. Any other suitable liquid is contemplated in accordance with the present invention. Still referring to Fig. 6, one or more of the weibo objects 95 and 97 are embedded and spliced into the inflow chamber 92 and the outflow chamber 94. Objects 95 and 97 can be - closed cell hydrophobic foam or jellyfish. It is said that the extinguishings 95 and 97 can accommodate a predetermined level of fluid expansion of five to twenty-five percent. Objects 95 and 97 preferably have a size and volume proportional to the amount of fluid in compartments 92 and 94 to accommodate fluid expansion. Objects 95 and 95 may be constructed of a compressible material such as an open or closed cell foam, rubber, sponge, gas bubble, elastomer, or any related material, and a protective layer covering all surfaces of the compressible material. The purpose of having this protective layer is to prevent the compressible material from coming into contact with the fluid for one week. The protective layer can be formed in a variety of ways, including wrapping and sealing, dip coating, spraying, or the like. The protective layer can be a vacuum laminate cover, such as a spray coating, a deposited layer, or a layer formed from the reactive or heated surface of the compressible material. Furthermore, it is possible to form a protective layer on such surfaces by heat fusion, melting, or chemical modification of the surface of the compressible material. The protective layer can be sufficiently flexible such that the volume of the compressible material can be reduced by pressure. To achieve this flexibility, the protective layer can be much thinner than the compressible material. Further, the protective layer may be composed of a material that is not attacked by the fluidization system or that is degraded by temperature cycles above and below the freezing point. The protective layer can be hermetically sealed such that gas cannot enter or leave the volume within the protective layer. The protective layer may be composed of a variety of materials, including Teflon, Mura, polyethylene, Nike, PET, PVC, PEN, or any other suitable plastic, and may additionally include a metal thinner on the inner or outer surface to increase Inlet air tightness. Further, the protective layer can be a metallized plastic sheet material, such as a material used in the packaging of a potato chip, and can be used as an impermeable layer to block the diffusion of all gases and liquids. Furthermore, in the event of accidental bubble movement through the cooling system, such as when the electroosmotic pump produces hydrogen and oxygen bubbles, the protective layer can be hydrophobic to help reduce the likelihood of bubbles adhering to the surface. In still another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7A, a device or pump 1〇3 includes a casing 1〇8 having an inflow chamber 1〇2 and a first-class outlet chamber 1〇4. A pumping structure 109 separates the inflow chamber 102 and the outflow chamber 1〇4 from the bottom surface of one of the casings 1 to 8 to the upper surface of one of the casings 1 to 8. The pumping structure 1〇9 delivers liquid from a pumping port 101 to a pump outlet 106. Compartments 102 and 1 are loaded with a large amount of fluid. For the car father, the liquid used in the pump 1〇3 is water. Any other suitable liquid is contemplated in accordance with the present invention. Still referring to Fig. 7A, a plurality of individual flexible objects 1〇5 and 1〇7 are coupled to the inflow chamber 102 and the outflow chamber 1〇4. In this embodiment, the flexible objects 105 and 107 are preferably constructed of a flexible material such as rubber or plastic. The flexible material is preferably designed and configured such that it can be partially displaced, such as shown in Figure 7B, to accommodate the expansion of ice without causing itself or into and out of chambers 102 and 104. The rigid element is cracked. Preferably, the 200928279 flexible objects 105 and 107 are capable of accommodating from five to twenty-five percent of the predetermined level of fluid expansion. The flexible objects may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. Preferably, the flexible objects 105 and 107 are capable of contracting expansion between a minimum volume state and a maximum volume state. Figure 8A illustrates a schematic diagram of compressible objects 132 and 134 coupled to inflow rafts 131 and bn. Fluid typically flows from one or more inflow ports 131 along one of the bottom channels 137 of any of the configured microchannels 138 and exits through one or more outflow ports 135, as indicated by the arrows. The compressible objects 132 and 134 are preferably designed and arranged such that they can be partially displaced to accommodate the expansion of the ice without causing itself or other rigid elements flowing into and out of the crucibles 131 and 135 in Figure 8A. Cracked. Figure 8B illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object 145 disposed within microchannel 148 along a bottom surface 147 of a heat exchanger 140. As shown in Fig. 8B, the compressible object 145 can be disposed within the microchannel 148 such that the compressible object 145 forms a portion of the seal from the top surface 149 to the bottom surface 147. In Figs. 8A and 8B, the compressible object acts as an antifreeze in the heat exchanger. The positioning of the compressible object 145 is intended to minimize flow resistance and to avoid deterioration of heat transfer from the bottom surface 147 to the fluid. It is also feasible to position the compressible object 145 on the side of the microchannel, which is slightly worse than the orientation shown in the figure. Positioning on the bottom surface 147 greatly degrades the performance of the heat exchanger due to the high thermal resistance of the compressible object 145. Figure 9A illustrates a schematic view of the retractable objects I% and 154 of the walls 151 and 155 of the fluid line 150 coupled within a heat sink. The length of the line 15〇 may be, for example, a few centimeters longer than the other parts of the system 15 200928279 in some parts of the system 1〇〇 (Fig. 1), and may be -Me meters in other parts. The positioning of one of the compactable objects 152 and 154 on the walls 151 and 155 of the conduit 15 will act as a defense within the heat sink; Alternatively, the π' compressible member 165, such as the compressible foam structure of Figure 9B, can be worn along the length of the conduit 16. The compressible element 165 is free to float within the f-way 16G. By = compressible element 165 is thinner than line 16G, it can be easily penetrated without
在笞路1602内形成堵塞的問題。可壓縮元件ι65之長度會 隨管路160之長度而異。 第ίο圖例不設置在一散熱器内一板件18〇之流體通道 no内的可壓縮物體171、173、175和m之多種可能組態 的不意圖。如第H)圖所示，流體可流過設置在允許流體於 /爪體机入口 172與-流體流出口 174之間流動的板件⑽ 内之通道170。散熱器可包含絲於板件⑽與之熱接觸的 縛片190。5又置在通道17〇内的可壓縮物體m、⑺、1乃 和177提供防/東作用’從而增進整個系統的效能。 除了前述大小和體積縮減機構'氣囊、可壓縮物體、 ^可撓物體的使用’更可剌其他技術以防液冷系統發生 龜裂’正如熟習此技藝者所知。舉例來說，如第u圖所示， =物件182可部分地填充—冷卻瞒之所有流體區 有此類案例中，熟習此技藝者會理解到例行的機 械4分析可用於計算整個冷㈣統#中之應力，包括但 =限於卩❿、官段、及魏含有氣囊或可壓縮物體的殼體， =ΓΓ系統，其應力不會在任一處累積至大到足以使 …早触度。在—用於電子器件的閉路冷卻系統中， 200928279 相對大型的流體儲槽很可能是在泵之隔室或熱交換器之管 路中。系統設計應努力減小這些流體體積，從而減小所用 I壓縮材料之體積。如果無法制，或者是需要大體積的 ^體方可保證長時間使用當中有足夠的流體，前述實施例 可將凍結期間產生的力減小至可管理水準。 一在另一實施例中，示於第12 H，-裝置或果200包含 一具有-流入室2G2和-流出室2〇4的機殼2()8。一栗送姓 © 構獅從機殼208之一底面到機殼施之一上表面隔開^ 入至202與流出室2〇4。泵送結構2〇9將液體從一果入口 201 1到一泵出口 2〇6。隔冑2〇2和2〇4裝有大量流體。較 ^來4 ’用在泵200中的液體是水。設想中依據本發明涵 蓋任何其他適當液體。 士仍參照第12圖，機殼208可經設計以在凍結作用發生 時承受流體之膨脹。複數個可撓物體2G7祕於機殼應 之至少一壁。機殼208由剛性板件構成且支撐著隔室202 H # 204 „亥專板件建構出隔室202和204之複數個側邊且藉 由可撓物體207接合。可撓物體2〇7可被固定於該等板件。 可撓物體207可被形成在隔室202和204之複數個側邊之 任一者或每一者上（包括轉角邊緣），且允許該等板件在受 力作用時被在外移位，如第圖所示。該等可撓物體可為 彈性體鉸鏈或任何適用的聚合物鉸鏈，前提是其會在受力 時改變其形狀。 在一替代實施例中，示於第14圖，提出一種防止一泵 龜裂的方法’其始於步驟300。在步驟31〇中，提供一機殼， 17 200928279 栗送結構分隔的—流人室和—流出室。在步驟 ，⑦置複數個獨立的可撓物體以形成該機殼之至少一 咬之3施加於該複數個獨立可撓物體上的勤加大該機 〃體積。5亥等可撓物體可適應預定水準流體膨脹。 5亥預定水準流體膨脹可為百分之五至百分之二十五。 體健相隔一預定距離。此外，該等可撓物體 ❹ ❹ 胳。二則、體雜11與—最Α體積㈣之間收縮膨 二以泵可為電滲透的。該機殼可包含剛性板件。再者， 可觀定魏等·板件。料可撓物體可 由橡膠、塑膠或發泡材製成。 -且ί另—實施例中，示於第15圖，—裝置或泵彻包含 古有沙漏狀流入室和流出室的機殼410。該等沙漏狀隔室 二相對窄化中央部分4G5及大致相同的擴張端部407。 ，达結構從機殼41〇之一底面到機殼之一上表 ==流出室。該裝置可包含-從起始她 :机體或隔至被從一冰點以上冷卻時，該熱路徑用來 :i排出儲存於該處之熱能。舉例來說，一任選的金屬 i從°亥隔至中起始凍結處安裝到其欲服務之隔室之 麗辟車乂佳來°兒，金屬嵌件430係由一不會污染流體的金 *如銅構成。-關鍵因素是會幫助一特定處變得更快冷 ，任何材料或結構的使用，且因此束結作用之傳遞從該處 =室之擴張端部407是連續的。具有沙漏狀隔室和金屬 t 430的組合允許涞結作用從沙漏狀隔室之窄化中間或 18 200928279 中央部分405開始往外擴散到擴張端部4〇7，在此情況液體 可在流入口、流出口或二者之處被更進一步排移，或者可 在月罗脹端部407施行如前所述之體積適應結構。 在前述實施例中，本發明應用於一泵或一具有一流入 室和-流出㈣機殼。另-選擇，本發明可於液冷系 統中之任何殼體。液冷系統較佳包含一電滲透泵和一熱交 換器。因此’大小和體積縮減機構、氣囊、可雖物體、 及可壓縮物體可應用於液冷系統之系統中任一或每一殼 體、包含管路。 & 以上已就納入細節之特定實施例說明本發明藉以增進 對於本發明之構造和操作原_簡。本說财中關於特 定實施例及其細節的敘述並非意欲限制附屬申請專利範圍 項之範圍。熟習此鋪者會理_可在經選制於例示之 實施例中做修改而不脫離本發明之精神和範圍。 19 200928279 圖式簡單說明 第1圖例示一傳統閉路冷卻系統的示意圖，其包含一 泵和一熱交換器。 。第2圖例示一依據本發明之熱交換器實施例，該熱交 換器經劃分成以表面積·體積比為特徵的邏輯區域。 第3圖例示一具有一流入室和一流出室之機殼的示意 圖。 ❹ 第4圖例示一具有依據本發明縮減大小和體積之流入 和流出室之機殼的示意圖。 第5圖例示一依據本發明設置在一機殼之一流入室和 一流出室中之一氣囊的示意圖。 第6圖例示一依據本發明設置在一機殼之一流入室和 一流出室中之一可壓縮物體的示意圖。 第7Α圖例示一具有流入和流出室及耦接於該等隔室 之複數個獨立可撓物體的一機殼的示意圖。 G 第7Β圖例示一具有流入和流出室及耦接於該等隔室 之複數個獨立可撓物體的一機殼的示意圖，該等可撓物體 在流體膨脹期間被移位以防止龜裂。 第8Α圖例示一耦接於一熱交換器内之流入和流出埠 之可壓縮物體的示意圖。 第8Β圖例示一沿一熱交換器之一底面設置在相鄰微 通道内之可壓縮物體的示意圖。 第9Α圖例示一耦接於一散熱器内之流體管路之壁的 可壓縮物體的示意圖。 20 200928279 第9B圖例示一沿一段流體管路設置在—散熱器内之 可壓縮物體的示意圖。 第10圖例示一設置在一散熱器内一板件之流體通道内 的可壓縮物體的示意圖。 第11圖例示一設置在一閉路之流體區段内的可壓縮物 體的不意圖。 第12圖例示一具有一流入室和一流出室及耦接於該等A problem of blockage is formed in the winding road 1602. The length of the compressible member ι65 will vary with the length of the conduit 160. The illustration is not intended to provide a plurality of possible configurations of the compressible objects 171, 173, 175 and m in the fluid passage no of a plate member 18 in a heat sink. As shown in Figure H), the fluid can flow through a passage 170 disposed within a plate (10) that allows fluid to flow between the / jaw machine inlet 172 and the - fluid outflow port 174. The heat sink may comprise a tab 190 that is in thermal contact with the panel (10). The compressible objects m, (7), 1 and 177, which are placed in the channel 17〇, provide an anti-/east effect to enhance overall system performance. . In addition to the aforementioned size and volume reduction mechanisms 'airbags, compressible objects, use of flexible objects', other techniques are available to prevent cracking of the liquid cooling system' as is known to those skilled in the art. For example, as shown in Figure u, = object 182 can be partially filled - all fluid zones of the cooling crucible are in such cases, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that routine mechanical analysis can be used to calculate the entire cold (four) The stresses in the system #, including but limited to 卩❿, official segments, and shells containing airbags or compressible objects, = ΓΓ system, the stress will not accumulate at any point large enough to make ... early touch. In a closed circuit cooling system for electronic devices, the 200928279 relatively large fluid reservoir is likely to be in the pump compartment or in the heat exchanger. The system design should strive to reduce the volume of these fluids, thereby reducing the volume of the I-compressed material used. The foregoing embodiment can reduce the force generated during freezing to a manageable level if it is not possible, or if a large volume is required to ensure sufficient fluid for long periods of use. In another embodiment, shown in Fig. 12H, the device or fruit 200 comprises a casing 2 () 8 having an inflow chamber 2G2 and an outflow chamber 2〇4. The name of the lion is separated from the bottom surface of the casing 208 to the upper surface of the casing to the 202 and the outflow chamber 2〇4. The pumping structure 2〇9 draws liquid from an fruit inlet 201 1 to a pump outlet 2〇6. The gaps 2〇2 and 2〇4 are filled with a large amount of fluid. The liquid used in the pump 200 is water. Any other suitable liquid is contemplated in accordance with the present invention. Referring still to Figure 12, the casing 208 can be designed to withstand the expansion of the fluid as it occurs. A plurality of flexible objects 2G7 are secreted on at least one wall of the casing. The casing 208 is composed of a rigid plate member and supports the compartment 202 H # 204. The panel is constructed with a plurality of sides of the compartments 202 and 204 and is joined by the flexible object 207. The flexible object 2〇7 can be Secured to the panels. The flexible object 207 can be formed on any or each of a plurality of sides of the compartments 202 and 204 (including corner edges) and allows the panels to be stressed The action is displaced externally, as shown in the figure. The flexible objects may be elastomeric hinges or any suitable polymer hinge, provided that they change their shape when stressed. In an alternate embodiment, Shown in Fig. 14, a method of preventing cracking of a pump is proposed, which begins in step 300. In step 31, a casing is provided, 17 200928279 chestnut-separated structure-flow chamber and outflow chamber. Step 7: placing a plurality of independent flexible objects to form at least one bite of the casing is applied to the plurality of independent flexible objects to increase the volume of the machine. The flexible object such as 5 hai can be adapted to the predetermined Level fluid expansion. 5 Hai predetermined level fluid expansion can be 5 to 100 percent Twenty-five. The physical health is separated by a predetermined distance. In addition, the flexible objects are ❹ 。. The second, the body 11 and the final volume (4) are contracted and expanded by the pump to be electrically permeable. It can contain rigid plates. In addition, it can be used to determine the plates of Wei, etc. The flexible objects can be made of rubber, plastic or foamed materials. - And other examples - shown in Figure 15, - device or The pump includes a casing 410 having an ancient hourglass-shaped inflow chamber and an outflow chamber. The hourglass-shaped compartments 2 are relatively narrowed to the central portion 4G5 and substantially the same expanded end portion 407. The structure is from the bottom surface of the casing 41 To one of the cabinets, the table == outflow chamber. The device may include - from the beginning of her: the body or the partition to be cooled from above a freezing point, the heat path is used to: i discharge the heat energy stored there. For example, an optional metal i is installed from the chilling to the mid-starting freezing zone to the compartment where it is intended to serve, and the metal insert 430 is made of a fluid that does not contaminate the fluid. Gold* is composed of copper. - The key factor is to help a particular place become colder, any material or structure used, and The transfer of this knot action is continuous from where the expanded end 407 of the chamber is. The combination of the hourglass-like compartment and the metal t 430 allows the knotting action to narrow from the middle of the hourglass-like compartment or 18 200928279 central portion 405 Beginning to spread outwardly to the expanded end 4〇7, in which case the liquid can be further displaced at the inflow, outflow or both, or the volumetric adaptation as described above can be performed at the monthly inflation end 407 In the foregoing embodiments, the present invention is applied to a pump or a housing having an inflow chamber and an outflow (four) housing. Alternatively, the present invention can be applied to any housing in a liquid cooling system. The liquid cooling system preferably includes a housing. An electroosmotic pump and a heat exchanger. Thus, the size and volume reduction mechanism, the air bag, the object, and the compressible object can be applied to any or each of the systems of the liquid cooling system, including the tubing. The above description of the specific embodiments incorporating the details is intended to enhance the construction and operation of the present invention. The description of the specific embodiments and the details thereof is not intended to limit the scope of the scope of the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified in the embodiment of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 19 200928279 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of a conventional closed circuit cooling system including a pump and a heat exchanger. . Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention which is divided into logical regions characterized by a surface area to volume ratio. Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic view of a casing having an inflow chamber and a first-class outlet. ❹ Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of a housing having inflow and outflow chambers of reduced size and volume in accordance with the present invention. Figure 5 illustrates a schematic view of an air bag disposed in an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber of a housing in accordance with the present invention. Figure 6 illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object disposed in an inflow chamber and an outflow chamber of a housing in accordance with the present invention. Figure 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of a housing having an inflow and outflow chamber and a plurality of independent flexible objects coupled to the compartments. G Figure 7 illustrates a schematic view of a casing having an inflow and outflow chamber and a plurality of independent flexible objects coupled to the compartments, the flexible objects being displaced during fluid expansion to prevent cracking. Figure 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a compressible object coupled into a heat exchanger into and out of the crucible. Figure 8 illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object disposed within an adjacent microchannel along a bottom surface of a heat exchanger. Figure 9 illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object coupled to the wall of a fluid line within a heat sink. 20 200928279 Figure 9B illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object disposed within a heat sink along a length of fluid conduit. Figure 10 illustrates a schematic view of a compressible object disposed within a fluid passage of a panel within a heat sink. Figure 11 illustrates the intent of a compressible object disposed within a fluid section of a closed circuit. Figure 12 illustrates an embodiment having an inflow chamber and a first-class outlet and coupling to the same
❹ 隔室之複數個獨立可撓物體的一機殼的示意圖。 第13圖例示一具有流入和流出室及耦接於該等隔室之 複數個獨立可撓物體的一機殼的示意圖，該等可撓物體在 流體膨脹期間被移位以防止龜裂。 第14圖例示一圖 的流程圖。 示本發明一實施例之較佳方法之步驟 第15圖例示一具有流入和流出室之機殼的示意圖 等隔室具有—相對窄化中央部分及大致姻擴張端部。μ 主要元件符號說明 熱交換器 管狀構件 區域 20、130、140、200 210、260 1、2、3Α、3Β、4Β 閉路冷卻系統 泵 100 30、60、70、80、90、103、 400 32 流入口 流出口 21 34 200928279 ❹ 40 散熱器 46 縛片 50 控制器 55 發熱器件 110 、 114 管段 112 、 160 管路 120 ' 122 信號線 61 ' 81 ' 91 > 101 > 201 泵入口 62、72、82、92、102、202 流入室 64、74、84、94、104、204 流出室 66、86、96、106、206 泵出口 68、88、98、108、208、 機殼 410 69、89、99、109、209、 泵送結構 420 85、87 氣囊 288 、 430 金屬敌件 95、97、132、134、145、 可壓縮物體 152、154、m、173、175、 177 105、107、207 可撓物體 131 流入埠 135 流出埠 137 、 147 底面 22 200928279 138 、 148 微通道 149 頂面 150 流體管路 151 ' 155 壁 165 可壓縮元件 170 流體通道 172 流體流入口 174 流體流出口 180 板件 190 籍片 182 可壓縮物件 405 中央部分 407 擴張端部示意图 A schematic view of a housing of a plurality of independent flexible objects in a compartment. Figure 13 illustrates a schematic view of a housing having inflow and outflow chambers and a plurality of independent flexible objects coupled to the compartments, the flexible objects being displaced during fluid expansion to prevent cracking. Figure 14 illustrates a flow chart of a diagram. Steps of a preferred method of illustrating an embodiment of the invention Figure 15 illustrates a schematic view of a housing having an inflow and outflow chamber. The compartment has a relatively narrowed central portion and a substantially inflated end. μ main component symbol description heat exchanger tubular member regions 20, 130, 140, 200 210, 260 1 , 2, 3Α, 3Β, 4Β closed circuit cooling system pump 100 30, 60, 70, 80, 90, 103, 400 32 flow Inlet outlet 21 34 200928279 ❹ 40 Radiator 46 Baffle 50 Controller 55 Heat generating device 110, 114 Pipe segment 112, 160 Pipe 120 ' 122 Signal line 61 ' 81 ' 91 > 101 > 201 Pump inlet 62, 72, 82, 92, 102, 202 inflow chambers 64, 74, 84, 94, 104, 204 outflow chambers 66, 86, 96, 106, 206 pump outlets 68, 88, 98, 108, 208, housings 410 69, 89, 99, 109, 209, pumping structure 420 85, 87 airbag 288, 430 metal enemy parts 95, 97, 132, 134, 145, compressible objects 152, 154, m, 173, 175, 177 105, 107, 207 Scratch object 131 into 埠 135 out 埠 137 , 147 bottom 22 200928279 138 , 148 micro channel 149 top 150 fluid line 151 ' 155 wall 165 compressible element 170 fluid channel 172 fluid inlet 174 fluid outflow 180 plate 190 Slice 182 compressible object 405 central part 407 expansion end
23twenty three