200913878 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種關於魚類性轉變的方法，特別係指一石斑魚類在一 環境中自然發生性轉變的方法。 【先前技術】 按，石斑魚係為一種海水魚類，全世界約有400多種，分布於熱 帶及亞熱帶海域，屬於食用魚中高經濟價值魚類。由於石斑魚養殖業 的興起，使得魚苗供應來源缺乏，因此帶動石斑魚人卫繁殖的熱潮。 然而石斑魚進行人工繁殖之過程中，所遭遇的主要困難就在於缺乏足 夠的雄性種魚來源。 人，石斑鹿係屬於一種雌雄同體且單雄型之先雌後雄魚類，意即 雜石斑,#、皆必需經由成魚之雌魚性轉變而來，例如目前養殖的^拉 巴石斑魚及點帶石斑魚。但是由於成熟雄魚體型偏大，不易捕獲，所 以不利=人工繁殖工作之進行，因此以人工方式誘導石斑魚性轉變研 究已進行多年。 過去最常㈣方式侧料雜雜素之影響來料 轉變，例如Chen (1977)對驢滑石斑魚(£藉由甲基筆議以 口服方式（Oral administration)促進變性獲得成功；触 (1986; 1987)針對瑪拉巴石斑魚及青點石斑魚(£， 性 巧_驗。除了使用口服荷爾蒙之方法外，尚還有肌肉系：生 ΓΓ /a ίη；^〇η)^«Ι-1^1〇η)^^Υ^ et aL , 1 哪，1989，Tan~Fermin et al·，1994)。 長，ί而方it會發生使用多少劑量之問題，連續處理時間 困擾。此外，還需要考慮魚齡、魚體大小、韻蒙^了 魚類生殖腺發育及被吸收方式等相素，目前缺—練準化1 誘【= 内ΐ轉變技術可為依循，使得增加雌魚性轉變^難度。工 X之主要目的係提供一種人工誘導促進石斑魚類自然性轉變 200913878 ，方法’其不需使用贺爾蒙，以減少對種魚操作壓追（s加沾）之效果， 4合種魚管理的經濟效益。 本發明之次-目的係提供-種人工誘導促進石斑魚類自然性轉變 之方法，其操作簡單且所需時間短，以節省人工繁殖的生產成本。 本發明之另-目的係提供-種人工誘導促進石斑魚類自然性轉變 之方法，其可避免使料源性雌素而影響魚類内分泌的變化，進一 步避免造成性轉變逆轉現象。 緣是，為了達成前述之目的，本發明係提供一種人工誘導促進石 斑魚類自錄轉變之方法及其應用，其係糊環境瓣因素(社群控制） 去料並促進—雜石斑魚自絲生性觀，該方法係在繁殖 即前-預定咖選擇-健康且生殖腺已屆成熟之雌性石斑魚，並將 =雌性紐纽輕紐鈔4麟性顧魚水叙環境中， 2該雌性石斑魚自然發生性轉變成為_雄性石斑魚後，則可將發生 變轉變之雜性石喊糾，额境可再錢-雜石喊發生性轉 以下，炫舉本發明之-較佳實施例，並配合圖式說明如后： 第一圖係本發明之較佳實施例方法流程圖。 【實施方式】 變之=閱=有=_導促進石斑魚類自然社 斑魚 步驟101:在石斑魚繁殖季節前，選擇生殖腺已屆成 熟之一雌性石 m :====:;:=。。 bcial 程中完全不需使關外源性雄性♦，紅制轉變的過 _化不會產生影響，所::會：=逆==的 另者，因紐樹娜,丨_，齡 200913878 之放果，符合種魚管理的經濟效益，也不會因為荷爾蒙之劑量控制不 ^造成對環境不利影響及食物鏈中上層生物的體内殘留，防止對生 態之破壞_。 本發明之方法，其中步驟101中選擇該雌性石斑魚之時間係於石 斑.’、、繁殖季卽刖或石斑魚繁殖季節前至少6個月，使該雌性石斑魚有 充分時間容易發生性轉變。 本發明之方法，其更包含步驟103 :將發生性轉變之該雄性石斑魚 移出該環境。 本發明之方法，其中放養密度係4〜5尾雌性石斑魚/l〇〇〇m3水體為 較佳之環境。 對於雌雄石斑魚辨別方法如下，雌魚為正常的體色，體型較小， 在繁痩季節中’腹部膨脹(因卵巢充滿腹腔）；雄魚體色為蒼白色，體型 較大，在繁殖季節中，腹部正常或略瘦。 上述本發明之方法係可應用於所有屬於雌雄同體之石斑魚類或單 雄型之先雌後雄之石斑魚類，該石斑魚類係為駝背鱸屬 {Cromleptes')、I綠亀、後海琢 QAethaloperca')、幾廣龜 MtiGraciIa)、九執綠愚（Cephajophoiis)、矢Μ綠MtCjinyperodori)、 鳶繪（Jr/so)、石斑魚屬（你/万印/加）、貧繪屬⑽7印加)或刺懿黯 屬（/Vecircipc舰as)等石斑亞科魚類。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明較佳實施例之方法流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 101 :在石斑魚繁殖季節前’選擇生殖腺已屆成熟之一雌性石斑魚。 102 :將該雌性石斑魚放養於密度至少4尾雌性石斑魚/1〇〇〇m3水體之 環境中。 103 :將發生性轉變之該雄性石斑魚移出該環境。200913878 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for transforming fish, and particularly to a method for naturally occurring transformation of a grouper in an environment. [Prior Art] According to the group, the grouper is a kind of marine fish. There are about 400 species in the world, distributed in hot and subtropical seas, and it is a high economic value fish in food fish. Due to the rise of the grouper breeding industry, the source of fry supply is lacking, which drives the breeding ground of grouper. However, the main difficulty encountered in the artificial propagation of groupers is the lack of sufficient male species of fish. People, the grouper deer is a hermaphrodite and single male type of male and female males, meaning that the mixed stone spots, #, must be transformed by the female fish of the adult fish, such as the current breeding of the Rama grouper and the point belt Grouper. However, since the mature male fish is too large and difficult to capture, it is unfavorable = the artificial breeding work is carried out, so the artificial introduction of the grouper sex transformation has been carried out for many years. In the past, the most common (four) way of side effects of the impurities in the incoming material, such as Chen (1977) for the squid grouper (£ by the methyl protocol to promote transrection by oral administration (Oral administration) success; touch (1986; 1987 ) For the Maraba grouper and the blue-spotted grouper (£, 巧巧_验. In addition to the use of oral hormones, there are still muscles: ΓΓ /a ίη; ^〇η)^«Ι-1^1〇η ) ^^Υ^ et aL , 1 , 1989, Tan~Fermin et al., 1994). Long, ί and square it will occur how much dose is used, continuous processing time troubles. In addition, it is also necessary to consider the age of the fish, the size of the fish, the rhyme of the fish, the development of the gonads of the fish, and the way of absorption. The current lack of - the quasi-chemical 1 temptation [= guilty transformation technology can be followed, so that the increase in female sex Change the difficulty of ^. The main purpose of the work X is to provide a kind of artificial induction to promote the natural transformation of grouper fish 200913878, the method 'it does not need to use hormones to reduce the effect on the operation of the fish farming (s add), the economic benefits of 4 fish management . The sub-purpose of the present invention provides a method for artificially inducing the natural transformation of groupers, which is simple in operation and short in time to save the production cost of artificial propagation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for artificially inducing the natural transformation of grouper fish, which avoids the effect of the source-derived estrogen on the endocrine changes of the fish, and further avoids the reversal of the sexual transformation. In order to achieve the foregoing objectives, the present invention provides a method for artificially inducing self-recording transformation of grouper fish and its application, which is a paste environment valve factor (community control) to feed and promote - the grouper's self-filament view The method is based on the pre-breeding-predetermined coffee selection--a healthy female zebrafish that has matured in the gonads, and will be in the environment of the female nucleus, the female zebrafish, and the natural formation of the female grouper. _After the male grouper, the hybrid stone that has undergone the change can be called up, and the situation can be re-supplemented - the rock shouting is turned into the following, and the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the description is as follows. The first figure is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the invention. [Embodiment] Change = read = have = _ lead to promote the grouper fish natural group squid Step 101: Before the grouper breeding season, select the gonads have become mature one female stone m :====:;:=. . There is no need to change the exogenous males in the bcial process. The red-based transformation will not have an impact. The::::======================================================================= If it is in line with the economic benefits of the management of the fish, it will not cause adverse effects on the environment due to the dose control of the hormones and the internal residues of the upper organisms in the food chain to prevent damage to the ecology. In the method of the present invention, the time of selecting the female grouper in step 101 is at least 6 months before the breeding season, or the breeding season or the grouper breeding season, so that the female grouper has sufficient time to undergo a sexual transition. The method of the present invention further comprises the step 103 of removing the male grouper that has undergone a transition from the environment. The method of the present invention, wherein the stocking density is 4 to 5 female grouper/l〇〇〇m3 water body is a preferred environment. For the male and female grouper, the female fish is normal body color and small in size. In the prosperous season, the abdomen expands (because the ovary is filled with the abdominal cavity); the male fish has a pale body and a large body, during the breeding season. The abdomen is normal or slightly thin. The above method of the present invention can be applied to all grouped fishes of the hermaphroditic grouper or single male type, which are the genus {Cromleptes', I 亀, and Houhai 琢 QAethaloperca' ), several turtles MtiGraciIa), nine phoenix (Cephajophoiis), yam green MtCjinyperodori), 鸢 ( (Jr/so), grouper (you / Wanyin / Jia), poor genus (10) 7 Inca) or hedgehog A genus of the genus (/Vecircipc as). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the invention. [Explanation of main component symbols] 101: Before the grouper breeding season, 'select one of the female zebras that have matured. 102: The female grouper is stocked in an environment having a density of at least 4 female grouper/1〇〇〇m3 water. 103: The male grouper that has undergone a sexual transition is removed from the environment.