200827070 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 特別是指一種利 本發明是有關於一種螺栓成型方法 用閉模式冷間鍛造加工的螺栓成型方法。 【先前技術】 如圖1所示’為日本於2〇〇6年6月29日公開之驾 2006-170331號發明案，主要是利用連續冷鍛加工法以成驾 , 0 1 , ^ ^ ^ ^ # ^ ^ ^ ^ 0 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ f # ^ 設計，讓該螺栓相對該：工件是呈靜止而無法旋轉，有琢 於該螺帽之旋鎖作動，以增進鎖固效率。 该螺栓1之成型方法共分成有步驟⑷〜⑴。首先，於步 驟^，是備置一金屬胚桿a，其具有一上、下段U、‘ ; 接者，於㈣(b)是進彳ϋ冷鍛加工，使該轉&之上 段al產生縮短_，以M成於―桿柱部Μ周面下半處有 ^ « Λ b2 ^ ^ =鍛加工’使該桿柱部Μ I生縮短與下部擴徑變形而塑 :成上窄下漸擴狀的一桿柱部cl，同時該凸部Μ產 麦形而塑形成一凸部2 ;再來於牛驟 松丨Ζ/冉采，於步驟⑷是進行第三次冷 =加^㈣桿柱部el產生衝孔 ' 縮短與擴徑變形，且使 口乂胚才干下段a2產生旋壓延伸變 s 士 夂形亚使該凸部c2相對誃乂曰 主口P cl產生衝壓下移變形，以塑形出一其頂面。z于 12的扁圓柱狀螺頭】一 蟫/、、 / 凹槽 外凸於，亥螺碩u，周且 部突伸出該螺頭n，底面下方沾^ η甶且其下和 貝1底面下方的止動凸榫13，，以及 200827070 … ^ ’ 至此即成型出一螺栓 i，半^ 二切削加工，以將該螺頭u，與該止動凸榫13，整型為呈預 1寸與形狀的-螺頭u與—止動凸榫13;最後，於步驟 柄14、’則已製成具有精確形狀與尺寸的-螺栓1成品。 - 然而，於該螺栓1之螺頭11與止動凸榫13的逐次冷鍛 加工過程中，兩者間的形狀關係是被迫不斷地產生明顧相 _ 對改變，尤其是兩者相連接部位處的金屬晶粒組織，即一 把於以大私度流動和畸變而產生大量塑性變形的狀態下 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ A 0¾ % ^ ^ ^ ^ 5 ^ T S ^ ^ 备k而適侍其反地破壞了金屬晶粒組織之均勻性與細穷性 貝（如抗疲勞性、韌性、耐衝擊性…)上自肴難以符合預期 ^求之虞，例如，於使用過程中容易發生該止動凸榫13自 • 该螺頭11斷裂的現象。 【發明內容】 贫、^此’本發明之目的，即在提供—種利用閉模式冷汽 ::術，以一體成型出精度高、結構強度強，且機械七 貝锃之螺栓的螺栓成型方法。 ⑷^是’本發明之螺栓成型方法，是依序包含步瑪 ㈣θ (A)備置—均徑胚捍；（B)進行第—次冷锻加工， 胚桿上部產生縮短、擴徑與擠出變形，而塑形成徑寬 由下往上漸縮，且其周面局部呈弧凸狀;(c)進行第二次: 200827070 ^加工’使該胚桿上部產生縮短、擴徑與擠出變形，而塑 形出-概扁圓柱狀螺頭，以及一外凸該螺頭周面且其底部 突伸出該螺頭底面下方的止動凸榫；（D)進行第三次ς鍛ς 工、’同時衝壓該蜾頭上部之周侧部位與該止動凸榫之了^部 ，以供料予該止動凸榫之底部而使其產生向下延伸變形； (Ε)進行切削加工，以將該螺頭與該止動凸榫整型呈預^带 狀與尺寸。 ^200827070 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] In particular, the invention relates to a bolt forming method for a bolt forming method using a closed mode cold forging process. [Prior Art] As shown in Figure 1, the invention of 2006-170331, which was published in Japan on June 29, 2002, mainly uses continuous cold forging processing to drive, 0 1 , ^ ^ ^ ^ # ^ ^ ^ ^ 0 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ f # ^ Design, let the bolt oppose the: the workpiece is stationary and cannot be rotated, and the spin lock of the nut acts to enhance the locking effectiveness. The molding method of the bolt 1 is divided into steps (4) to (1). First, in step ^, a metal embryo rod a is provided, which has an upper and lower section U, '; and the (4) and (b) are cold forging processing, so that the upper section of the rotation & _, M is in the lower part of the circumference of the pole section. ^ « Λ b2 ^ ^ = forging processing makes the pole section Μ I shorten and the lower diameter is deformed and plasticized: a column of the column portion cl, at the same time the convex portion of the stalk is shaped to form a convex portion 2; and then the squid is smashed and smashed, and in the step (4) is the third cold = plus ^ (four) rod The column portion el produces a punching hole 'shortening and expanding diameter deformation, and the lower portion a2 of the mouth-and-mouth embryo is produced to produce a spinning extension s. The shape of the convex portion c2 is opposite to the main port P cl. To shape a top surface. z is a flat cylindrical screw head of 12] a 蟫 /, / / groove convex, 亥 screw uo u, the circumference and the protrusion protrudes from the screw head n, below the bottom surface is ^ 甶 甶 and below and shell 1 The stop cams 13 below the bottom surface, and 200827070 ... ^ ' thus a bolt i, half cut and two cutting processes are formed, so that the screw head u and the stop cam 13 are shaped as a pre-1 Inch and shape - screw head u and - stop tenon 13; finally, in the step handle 14, 'the finished - bolt 1 finished product with precise shape and size. - However, during the successive cold forging process of the screw head 11 of the bolt 1 and the stopper tenon 13, the shape relationship between the two is forced to constantly produce a clear phase change, especially the two are connected. The metal grain structure at the site, that is, a large amount of plastic deformation caused by large private flow and distortion, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ A 03⁄4 % ^ ^ ^ ^ 5 ^ TS ^ ^ Inversely destroying the uniformity of the metal grain structure and the fine-poor shellfish (such as fatigue resistance, toughness, impact resistance, etc.), it is difficult to meet the expectations, for example, it is easy to occur during use. The action of the tongue 13 from the screw 11 is broken. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a bolt-forming method using a closed mode cold steam::, to integrally form a bolt with high precision and strong structural strength and mechanical seven shells. . (4) ^ is 'the bolt forming method of the present invention, which comprises step (4) θ (A) preparation - uniform diameter embryo; (B) performing the first cold forging process, shortening, expanding and extruding the upper part of the embryo rod Deformation, and the plastic forming diameter is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and its circumferential surface is partially curved convex; (c) for the second time: 200827070 ^Processing to shorten, expand and extrude the upper part of the embryo rod And forming a flat cylindrical screw head, and a stop projection protruding outwardly of the screw head and protruding from the bottom surface of the screw head; (D) performing the third upsetting , simultaneously stamping the peripheral portion of the upper portion of the hoe and the portion of the stop knuckle to feed the bottom of the stop ram to cause downward deformation; (Ε) performing cutting, The screw head and the stop tenon are pre-shaped and dimensioned. ^
、本發明之功效在於，控制該螺頭與該止動凸榫於逐次 冷鍛加工過程中，所產生塑形變化量較小且更加淹進、緩 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ S ^ ^ ^ t ^ ^ ^ I, ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ # 與加工硬化等不良現象，叫到成型出精度高、結構強度 佳’且機械性質優異之螺栓成品的目的。 【實施方式】 、有關^發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合筝考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將矸 清楚的呈現 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ϋ ^如圖2與圖3所示，本發明螺栓成型方法之該較佳實 】 要疋透過閉模式冷間鍛造加工方式，以塑形製造 22的螺頌21、一凸出於該螺頭2ι 面且其下半部突伸出 口亥累頭21底面的止動凸榫23，以及一自該螺頭u底面往 下^且具有_螺紋段241的螺柄24。而該螺检成型方法 主要是依序包含步驟（Α)〜(F): 百先，於步驟（Α)中，備置一徑寬均勻的金屬胚桿Α， 200827070 亚予劃分出-頭部加工段A1，以及一“ 接著，於步驟⑻中進行第一、六丙部加工段A2。 該螺頭幻與該止動凸榫23之其f鍛加工：塑性變形法 半成品形。將該胚桿A夾持/礎離形，以及該螺柄24之 圖中未示胸胚桿八之頭二 產生縮短、~盘_ 段A1進行衝壓，迫使其 且饋徑與擠出變形”五 24方向漸擴的桿段部B1，、/出—其徑寬朝該螺柄 &邻的矿 以及一微凸於該桿段部B1月® 局邛的弧凸部B2 ;同時利一一 干又「B1周面 對該胚桿A之柄部加工段Α2=Γ^預定模具（圖中未示) 品形）。 4 (相當於該螺柄24之半成 再者，於步驟(C)中進杆楚_ a、人 該螺頭21之丰赤σ τ —久…鍛加工:塑性變形出 圖中夫干e 私至一第三預定模具( ”处’利用談弟三預定模呈你；t厂 部B1同時產j偷力 杈具％予衝壓，迫使該桿段 Η %產生衝孔、縮短、捭你十 其頂面具有一凹样22的/ 、細出變形，以塑形成― 21之半^ 圓柱狀螺頭C1 (相錄該螺頭 夠^从 凸部B2產生增厚變形，而 塑形成一外凸於該螺頭C1 l ^ 止動凸榫2r^^士 周面的止動凸棒C2(相當於該 T 4 (共佔整體的三分之一* 1 /、 加, ）疋連接該螺頭C1周面，且兑處 口P (約估整體的三分之一）I咖 /、底 病品 土 ）疋犬伸出該螺頭以底面下方。 ..,. 第二认冷鍛加工：塑性變形出 该止動凸榫23之半成品形。 ^一 夂形出 、兀成弟_一人冷鍛加工之該胚 200827070 ^π ^~ f ^^*(w " ^^ ^ ^ ^ 杈具同時對該螺 c m 不頂疋 ' 之頂部谁—兔’e、 °之周侧部位與該止動凸榫C2 凸槔’所衝擠出之小部份胚料能供給至該止動 部處’使其產生向下增長變形，而大部份胚料 ; = = :均壓凸垣，’能用卿^ 下+傾所相連接該止動凸榫C2之部 受的衝鍛壓力，使兩者問之社播4八 所承 • ，將該螺頭C1塑形成一呈上窄 的 虞攸而 _ 半邱之菸㈣A 乍下I狀的螺頭21，，即其上 ;2=略小於前述螺頭C1的㈣ 見則疋4同於該螺頭〇的徑寬；並且，將該止媸r 塑形成一其上半部連接該螺頭2 丁 ^ 甘V丄 下半部(即大徑者)，且 二下，部突伸出該螺頭21’底面下方的止動凸棒23，者(相The effect of the invention is that the shape change of the screw head and the stop tongue in the successive cold forging process is small and more inundated and slowed down ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ I, ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ # With the unfavorable phenomenon such as work hardening, it is called the purpose of forming a finished bolt with high precision, good structural strength and excellent mechanical properties. [Embodiment] The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the invention are described in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the kite pattern, which will be clearly presented as ^^^^^^ 2 and FIG. 3, the preferred embodiment of the bolt forming method of the present invention is to form a screw 21 of a 22 shape and a convex surface of the screw head through a closed mode cold forging processing method. The lower half protrudes from the stop projection 23 on the bottom surface of the boring head 21, and a shank 24 having a _ thread segment 241 from the bottom surface of the screw head u. The screw inspection molding method mainly comprises the steps (Α)~(F) in sequence: a hundred first, in the step (Α), a metal embryo rod with a uniform diameter is prepared, 200827070 The segment A1, and a "following, in the step (8), the first and sixth C-section processing segments A2 are performed. The screw head phantom and the f-forging of the stop cam 23: a plastic deformation semi-finished shape. A clamp / base off-shape, and the figure of the screw handle 24 does not show that the first two of the chest embryo rods are shortened, and the disk_section A1 is punched, forcing it and feeding deformation and extrusion deformation. The expanded rod section B1, / / - its diameter is toward the shank of the shank & and the arc convex B2 which is slightly convex to the pole section of the pole section B1; B1 is facing the processing section of the shank of the embryo rod A Α 2 = Γ ^ predetermined mold (not shown). 4 (equivalent to the half of the shank 24 again, in step (C)杆楚_ a, the human head 21 of the red σ τ _ long time forging processing: plastic deformation out of the figure in the figure e private to a third predetermined mold (" at the use of the brothers three predetermined mold presented to you; Factory B1 Produce j stealing cookware% stamping, forcing the rod section Η% to produce punching, shortening, 捭 十 十 其 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 面具 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其 其The screw head C1 (recording the screw head is sufficient to generate thickening deformation from the convex portion B2, and the plastic forming a stop convex rod C2 protruding outward from the screw head C1 l ^ stopping the convex ridge 2r^^ Equivalent to the T 4 (a total of one-third of the whole * 1 /, plus, ) 疋 connected to the circumference of the screw head C1, and the mouth P (about one-third of the overall estimate) I coffee / bottom The diseased soil) the dog stretches out the screw head to the bottom of the bottom. ..,. The second cold forging process: plastic deformation of the semi-finished shape of the stop cam 23. ^一夂出出,兀成弟_一人Cold forging of the embryo 200827070 ^π ^~ f ^^*(w " ^^ ^ ^ ^ 杈 at the same time the snail cm is not top 疋 ' the top of the rabbit 'e, ° the side of the side and the A small portion of the billet extruded by the stop cam C2 can be supplied to the stop portion to cause a downward growth deformation, and most of the billet; = = : pressure equalizing, 'Can use the Qing ^ lower + tilt to connect the stop cam C2 The pressure of the forging and forging is so that the two ask the society to broadcast the four-eighths, and the screw head C1 is molded into a narrow 虞攸 and _ half-qiu smoke (four) A 乍 under the I-shaped screw head 21, , that is, above; 2 = slightly smaller than the above-mentioned screw head C1 (four), then 疋 4 is the same as the diameter of the screw head ;; and, the 媸r is molded into an upper half to connect the screw head 2 The lower half of the Gan V ( (ie, the large diameter), and two times, the protruding protrusion 23 protruding below the bottom surface of the screw head 21'
畜於该止動凸榫23,的半成品彤>)· A n 千成4)’而該均壓凸垣D1是位於 5亥螺頭21，之上半部（即小徑者與 的上 、 *擴及並覆蓋住該止動凸捧一接處’其面奮 干丁貝面。至此，是已鍛柃ψ 1 m 備有大體之預定形狀、結構強产盥;ϋ ' _ 成品。 丨 ㈣度與機械特性的一螺栓2，半 主要=要說明的是’由於該止動凸禪23，下半部之塑形， 5!:=Γ堅該止動凸摔⑶洲 -^ ^ D1 C1 τ - 邛與所相連接該止動凸榫C2之中邱 ，葬『士 4 之中口 ^兩者所承受的衝鍛壓力 =场有效抑制該止動凸榫23,上半料加工前、後 =頭21，下半部產生向下滑動之現象，即降低兩者間的塑 欠形里與結構組織斷裂風險，確保該土動凸榫23,與該螺 200827070 頭21’間之連接結構組織能維持連續性、均句姑、* J 1王、流線性與 細粒性，而呈現良好的結構強度與穩定性。 然後，於步驟⑻中進行切削加工。將完成三次冷間锻 2Γ與該止動凸榫23’整型呈具精確形狀、尺寸的螺頭η與 止動凸榫23者。本實施例中，該螺頭21為六角型者。〃The semi-finished product of the stop bead 23, the weight of the semi-finished 彤>)·A n is 4)', and the equalizing tenon D1 is located at the upper half of the 5th screw head 21 (ie, the small diameter of the upper part) , * Expand and cover the stop and hold a joint 'the surface of the Dingbei surface. At this point, it has been forged 1 m with a general predetermined shape, strong structure of the structure; ϋ ' _ finished product.丨 (four) degree and mechanical characteristics of a bolt 2, semi-main = to be explained is 'because of the stop convex zen 23, the lower half of the shaping, 5!: = Γ 该 该 止 止 ( 3 3 3 3 3 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ D1 C1 τ - 邛 is connected to the stop 榫 C2 in the middle of the stop, and the rushing pressure of the two sides of the shovel is the same as that of the shovel. Front and back = head 21, the lower half produces a downward sliding phenomenon, that is, the risk of structural fracture and structural fracture between the two is reduced, ensuring that the earthmoving cam 23 is between the head and the head of the snail 200827070 The structure of the joint structure can maintain continuity, uniform sentence, *J 1 king, flow linearity and fine grain, and exhibit good structural strength and stability. Then, the cutting process is carried out in step (8). The cold forging 2 Γ and the stop cam 23' are in the form of a screw head η and a stop cam 23 having a precise shape and size. In the present embodiment, the screw head 21 is a hexagonal type.
_ 最後，於步驟（F)中進行車牙加工。是於該螺柄Μ，之大 徑段周面進行螺紋滾壓加卫成型，以成愁該_ Μ之該 螺紋段241，至此則完成—具有特定形狀、尺寸與機特性 的螺栓2成品。 因此，於該螺栓2的冷锻加工過程中，步驟(Β)是先塑 形出該螺頭2】與該止動凸榫23的基本離形，接著步驟^ 是塑形出該螺頭之半成品形與該止動凸榫23的基本形 狀，續而步驟⑼再塑形出該止動凸榫23的半成品形，該螺 頭21與該止動凸榫23間之結構組織於每次冷鍛加工程序 中的11欠化里較小’即兩者間的金屬晶粒組織是局部、 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ , # # ^ ^ ^ ^ 、-貝丨生、均勻性與流旅性，並使之更加壓密緊實、細粒化與 均=化，.所成型之該螺栓2能獲得良好的結構強度與機械 !·生貝’而避免因劇烈塑形變化或過度鍛造所致破壞組織結 構與加工硬化等不良現象，故整體確實能達到成型出精度 焉、結構強度強’且機械性質佳之螺检2成品的目的，改 。現有螺才王成型方法（見目1}因塑形變化較劇烈或過度鍛造 ’所致所成型之螺栓1成品料構強度與機械特性上不符 10 200827070 預期的問題。 歸納上述，本發明之螺栓成型方法，該螺頭2ι與該止 是相當小而呈漸進且和緩，能有效維持結構組織 之連續性、均勻性與流線性，並使之更加壓密繁實、細粒 化與均質化，整體能達到成型出精度高、結構強度佳，且 機械H貝佳之爆栓成品2的目的，故確實可達到本發明之 功效。 x_ Finally, the machining of the teeth is carried out in step (F). In the screw shank, the circumferential surface of the large diameter section is thread-rolled and shaped to form the thread section 241 of the _ ,, and thus the completion of the bolt 2 having a specific shape, size and machine characteristics. Therefore, in the cold forging process of the bolt 2, the step (Β) is to first shape the basic shape of the screw head 2 and the stopping protrusion 23, and then the step ^ is to shape the screw head. The semi-finished shape and the basic shape of the stop cam 23, and the step (9) reshapes the semi-finished shape of the stop cam 23, and the structure between the screw head 21 and the stop cam 23 is organized each time. The under-reduction in the forging process is smaller, that is, the metal grain structure between the two is local, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^, # # ^ ^ ^ ^ , - Bellows, uniformity and flowability And make it more compact, fine-grained, fine-grained and uniformized. The bolt 2 formed can obtain good structural strength and mechanical!·Beibei' to avoid damage caused by severe plastic deformation or excessive forging The structural structure and work hardening and other undesirable phenomena, so the whole can indeed achieve the purpose of molding the finished product with high precision 结构, strong structural strength and good mechanical properties. The existing screw forming method (see item 1} is caused by the sharp change of the shaping shape or excessive forging'. The strength and mechanical properties of the finished bolt 1 are not in accordance with the requirements of 2008. The above-mentioned problems, the bolts of the present invention are summarized. In the molding method, the screw head 2 is relatively small and progressive and gentle, and can effectively maintain the continuity, uniformity and flow linearity of the structure, and make it more compact, fine-grained and homogenized. The whole can achieve the purpose of high molding precision, good structural strength, and mechanical H-Bei's explosion-proof finished product 2, so it can achieve the effect of the invention.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 =以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一塑形示意圖，說明第2006-170331號日本發明 案所揭示覌有螺栓成型方法； 圖2是一塑形示意圖，說明本發明之螺栓成型方法的 一較佳實施例，其逐次冷鍛成型之產品態樣；以及 圖3是一立體圖，說明該較佳實施例所製造出之一螺 栓成品。 11 200827070 【主要元件符號說明】 2、2f"…螺栓 A1，… •…頭部加工段 21、21’，螺頭 A2·… 柄σ卩加工^又 2 2 *'*·**·*，凹槽 B1…· •…桿段部 23,、23’ ·止動凸榫 B2 .… •…弧凸部 24、24’ ·螺柄 C1… •…螺頭 241…·…螺紋段 C2·*· •…止動凸榫 A〜C……胚杯 D1…. …·均壓凸垣However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the present invention and the description of the invention. All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method of forming a bolt by the Japanese invention of No. 2006-170331; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a preferred method of forming a bolt of the present invention. The embodiment, which is a product form of successive cold forging; and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a finished bolt produced by the preferred embodiment. 11 200827070 [Description of main component symbols] 2, 2f"...Bolt A1,... •...Head processing section 21, 21', screw head A2·... Handle σ卩Machining^2 2 *'*·**·*, Groove B1...·•...rod section 23,,23' ·stop crown B2 ........arc convex part 24,24' ·lung handle C1...•...thread head 241...·...thread section C2·* · •...stop cams A~C...seed cup D1....··pressure equalizing
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