TW200307341A - Method of forming copper wire on semiconductor device - Google Patents

Method of forming copper wire on semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200307341A
TW200307341A TW091137968A TW91137968A TW200307341A TW 200307341 A TW200307341 A TW 200307341A TW 091137968 A TW091137968 A TW 091137968A TW 91137968 A TW91137968 A TW 91137968A TW 200307341 A TW200307341 A TW 200307341A
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Taiwan
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copper
forming
layer
copper wiring
copper wire
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TW091137968A
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English (en)
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Byung-Zu Lee
Hyun-Yong Kim
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Hynix Semiconductor Inc
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Publication of TW200307341A publication Critical patent/TW200307341A/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76841Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
    • H01L21/76843Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
    • H01L21/76849Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric the layer being positioned on top of the main fill metal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/28Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
    • H01L21/283Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
    • H01L21/285Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
    • H01L21/28506Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
    • H01L21/28512Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • H01L21/28556Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
    • H01L21/28562Selective deposition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/70Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/71Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
    • H01L21/768Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
    • H01L21/76838Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
    • H01L21/76877Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
    • H01L21/76879Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material by selective deposition of conductive material in the vias, e.g. selective C.V.D. on semiconductor material, plating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)

Description

200307340 五、發明說明(1) 【本發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關一種在半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法, 特別是有關一種銅的自然氧化可予以防止之在半導體元件上 形成銅配線的方法。 、【先前技術】 隶近’半導體元件乃變為更積體化,且其製程技藝也相 對的有所改進,因此,一使用銅(C u ),而取代了傳統技藝之 I呂(A 1)’以形成一配線的技藝已被提出,以改進元件的特 性’例如操作速度、電阻、元件金屬之間的寄生電容 (parasitic capacitance)等。甚且,傳統技藝中所使用的幻 一氧化物所製成的絕緣膜,也以一低介電常數(1 〇w dielectric constant)的物質來取代,而此並被視為下一代 半導體元件之配線形成製程的重要事件。 然而’使用銅與低介電常數材料的配線製造方法會發生 因為銅的不良蝕刻特性所導致的問題。因此,取代傳統的製 程’在美國專利第5, 63 5, 423號所揭示的一鑲嵌方法 (Damascene)即被認為可適合於製造銅配線。 傳統在在半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法,茲參照第工A 圖至第1E圖說明於下。 首先,如第1 A圖所示,一第一絕緣膜1 2、一姓刻停止層 1 4、與一第二絕緣層1 6乃順序地形成在一半導體基板1 〇上。 其次’如第1B圖所示,一寬度為dl之第一感光圖樣18乃 被形成在第二絕緣膜1 6上。然後,使用第一感光圖樣1 8作為 光罩而進行姓刻以選擇性地去除第二絕緣膜丨6直到蝕刻停止
200307340 五、、發明說明(2) 層1 4被曝露出來。如此,形成一第二絕緣膜圖樣1 6a。 接著,如第1C圖所示,第一感光圖樣18乃被去除而一寬 度為d2(大於dl )之第二感光圖樣20乃被形成在第二絕緣膜圖 樣1 6 a之上。 然後,如第1 D圖所示,使用第二感光圖樣2 0作為光罩, 進行蝕刻程序,以選擇性地去除蝕刻停止層1 4與第一絕緣膜 12,通過此製程,亦即,二重鑲嵌製程(Double Damascene Process),一寬度為dl之通孔22,以及一寬度為d2之槽溝孔 2 4乃形成於基板1 〇之上。 最後,如 也有一缺點: 有會導致銅配 特性(bondi ng 以避免具有鋼 而發生銅的自 、【本發明之内 第1E圖所示,通孔22與槽溝孔24以鋼填充 芩成一銅配線2 6 主發明要鼓j失的課題 然而,上 的方法,有以 一銅配線 優點,其代表 述依照傳統技藝的在半導體元件上形成銅配線 下之問題: 較諸傳統的鋁合金(A1 _05%Cu)配線有許多 性的例子有電阻低與可靠度高。然而,銅配線 =,銅的自然氧化’此一鋼的自然氧化現象 線的可靠度降低,其至於在包t期間會使結合 yoperty)劣化的問題點。因此 然氧化實為必^間溫或—高溫使用 容】 本發明即旨冰#、& 的上述問題, 上形成銅配線
第7頁 故本發明之:Ϊ進上述發生於傳統技 月之—目的乃在提供一種在半導體 200307340 五、發明說明(3) 的方法,其藉由選擇性的沈積鋁於銅配線腳位(pad)而可防 鋼自然氧化的發生。 為了達成上述之目的,本發明所提供之在半導體元件上 形成銅配線的方法包括了下列步驟:於一半導體基板上形成 一具有通孔與溝槽之絕緣膜圖樣;藉由以銅填充通孔與溝槽 而形成一銅導線;順序地在銅導線與絕緣膜圖樣上形成一覆 蓋層(capping layer)與一保護層;藉由選擇性地去除覆蓋i 與保護層而露出銅配線;以及,在銅配線上形成一氧化防止 層。 依照本發明,其藉由選擇性地沈積銘於銅配線上,可防· 止鋼的自然氧化。 本發明上述之目的以及其他特徵,參照下列依附圖所作 之較佳具體實施例的說明將更為明白。 【本發明之實施方式】 • 第2A圖至第2E圖係說明本發明之在半導體元件上形成銅 配線的方法的各個製程的截面圖。 士 ★本發明之在半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法係,首先, 如第2A圖所示,在半導體基板1〇〇上形成包括通孔a與溝槽b 、是、、彖膜圖樣1 1 〇 (亦即,二重鑲後圖樣)。在此,一另外的 、5配線可形成於半導體基板丨〇 〇與絕緣膜圖樣丨丨〇之間,然 2 φ ί發明之實施例中僅對於沒有此另外之下部銅銅配線者 ,、更特別的是,絕緣膜圖樣丨丨0係以如下述之步驟被形成 ,百先,一絕緣膜乃使用一低介電常數之材料等被沈積於半
第8頁 200307340 五、發明說明(4) ' 導體基板1 0 〇上。接著,以一低介電常數之材料所作成之該 層絕緣膜乃通過一光學製程被選擇性地去除,以形成通孔A 與溝槽β,然後,絕緣膜圖樣11()與半導體基板1〇〇乃通過一 氬(Ar)/氫(HO高週波電漿處理法等洗淨。 同時’雖然並未表示於圖中,一銅阻擋層與一種子 (Seed)層乃利用一離子化物理氣相沈積法在洗淨製程以後被 /尤積、。此方法比較傳統的喷濺法(Sputtering 有一很 Π:::乾圍(SteP C〇Urage),鈕(Ta)或氮化鈕(TaN) 4 ’可使用為鋼阻擋層。 銅填ί後其Ϊ第二通孔A與溝槽β係利用電鍵法等以 、 a由去除一部份的銅而使絕緣膜圖樣11 0露 12。。仃-化學/機械研磨製程,而形成-銅配線 八人如第2C圖所示,形成於銅配線1 20上之自妷氣化 膜(未圖示)乃被還原。妙 上之自然軋化 保破f 140於銅導線12〇與絕緣膜1Η之上。 兴 前述自然氧化膜将夺丨田 ^ . 、击舳老细々 、^利用於一氮/氫之氣壓下,進行一快 速熱處理或一電浆處理而被還原。 進灯味 入上ΪΪΓ,30其係是提:用來:止在銅配線12。中的鋼原子擴散進 沈積法’氮化矽而使之=二例如’使用電漿促進化學氣相 散進入上部層中备引路於空氣中而形成,銅原子的擴 保護層1二Λ 間,流… 糧材料至大約3,。00入〜“二匕:屋二化矽、或其他之此 ,0 0 0 Α的厚度。當覆蓋層1 3 0係以
第9頁 200307340 五、發明說明(5) 5 # ι5ίΓ::成時,保護層較佳的是以氧化矽膜形成。如果覆 層140係以氮化石夕膜形成時,會產生過度的應 w^tress),其結果,保護層14〇即有缺陷之形成。 •π 由t1第2D圖所示,覆蓋層130與保護層140係利用曝 ^衣先之中與—蝕刻製程等選擇性的形成。如此即在一 層圖樣13〇&與—保護層圖樣140a之間曝露出銅導線。進者, n使用—5%〜10%HF的洗淨溶液去除在曝露出來的銅 -己、、泉〇上的自然氧化膜(未示)之步驟可被執行。 其後,如第2E圖所示,一氧化防止層丨5〇係藉由一化學 氣相沈積法形成在已曝露的銅導線上,以防止銅的氧化。氧U 化防止層150係藉由例如使用二曱基氫化鋁(dimethylaiuminiim hydride)作為前驅物(precursor)沈積鋁來形成。特別地,藉 由將二曱基氫化鋁與氫反應,鋁在溫度為23〇 〇c至35〇它時乃 被選擇地沈積在銅線120的表面上至僅為5,〇〇〇 a〜1〇, 〇〇〇 a 的厚度。 ’ 甚者,也可在2 0 0它至40 0。(:之間的溫度進行一熱處理的 步驟,以穩定所沈積的鋁層1 5 〇的構造。 如上述之說明,依照本發明之半導體元件上形成鋼配線 的方法,有下列優點: 銅的自然氧化可藉著在銅配線腳位上選擇性的沈積鋁而 得到避免,因此在高溫中測試其可靠度時,可得到穩定的評 價結果。 而且,因為鋁比銅的接觸阻抗為低,在其電氣特性的測 試中,可得到令人信賴的測試結果。
第10頁 200307340 五、發明說明(6) 本發明上述之較佳具體實施例乃僅用來說明本發明而 已,對於熟悉此項技藝之人士而言,其所作可能的修正、增 加或取代而未離開本發明之精神時,應該在本發明之權利範 圍之内。
第11頁 200307340 圖式簡單說明 第1 A圖至1 E圖係傳統半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法技 術之製程截面圖。 第2A圖至第2E圖係說明本發明之在半導體元件上形成銅 配線的方法的各個製程的截面圖。 【圖中元件編號與名稱對照表】 10 半導體基 板 12 絕緣膜 14 停止層 16 第二絕緣 膜 16a :第二緣緣膜圖 18 第一感光 圖樣 20 第二感光 圖樣 22 通孔 24 槽溝孔 26 銅配線 100 :半導體基板 110 :絕緣膜圖樣 120 :銅配線 130 :覆蓋層 130 a :覆蓋層 圖樣 140 :保護層 140 a :保護層 圖樣 150 :氧化防止層
第12頁

Claims (1)

  1. 200307340 六、申請專利範圍 1 · 一種在半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法,其特徵在 於·是種在半導體元件上形成銅配線的方法包含下列步驟: 於一半導體基板上形成一具有通孔與溝槽之絕緣膜圖 樣; 藉由以銅填充通孔與溝槽而形成一銅導線; 順序地在銅k線與絕緣膜圖樣上形成一覆蓋層(c a p p i n & 1 ay er )與一保護層; 藉由逑擇性地去除覆蓋層與保護層而露出銅配線; 在銅配線上形成一氧化防止層;以及 去除在銅配線上的自然氧化層。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第丨項之在半導體元件上形成銅配線 的方法,其中在去除自然氧化層之步驟中,使用一 5 %〜i 〇 %的!^溶液。 3.如申請專利範圍n 1 + + &播 :⑴靶国弟丨項之在+導體元件上形成銅配線 的方法’其中氧化防止層係鋁層者。 4·如申請專利範圍第3項在本 的方法,其中铭層係使用二頁甲之//化導招體;^上形成銅配線 化學氣相沈積法形成。甲基…作為前驅物而利用- 5.如申請專利範圍第4項 的方法,其中铭層係在23。二,J牛上形成銅配線 5,。。“至1。,。0。1之厚】?至35°。的溫度被沈積並形成- 的方^ = ϊί ί Ϊ Ϊ ΐ =^方在止半/體+元件上形成銅配線 處理以穩定氧化防止層之構造的步;之步驟以後’進打-熱
    第13頁 200307340
    第14頁
TW091137968A 2002-05-16 2002-12-31 Method of forming copper wire on semiconductor device TW200307341A (en)

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