SU939678A1

SU939678A1 - Web-free roof of building

Info

Publication number: SU939678A1
Application number: SU803241507A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Григорьевич Луганов; Альберт Михайлович Синякин; Валерий Федосеевич Ярошенко
Original assignee: Херсонский Филиал Украинского Государственного Института Проектирования Городов
Priority date: 1980-12-31
Filing date: 1980-12-31
Publication date: 1982-06-30

Description

О П И С А Н И Е ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ <11)939678SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION <11) 939678

Союз Советских Социалистических РеспубликUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics

ГосударствЕнкыД комитетState of the European Committee

СССР по делам изобретений и открытийUSSR for inventions and discoveries

К АВТОРСКОМУ СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВУ (61) Дополнительное к авт. свид-ву(22)3аявлено 31.12.80 (21) 3241507/29-33 с присоединением заявки №(23)Приоритет—TO AUTHOR'S CERTIFICATE (61) Additional to author. certificate-wu (22) 3Approved 31.12.80 (21) 3241507 / 29-33 with the addition of application No. (23) Priority—

Опубликовано 30.06.82.Бюллетень № 24Posted on 06/30/82. Bulletin No. 24

Дата опубликования описания 30.06.82 (72) Авторы изобретения (71) Заявитель (51 )М. Кл!Date of publication of the description 30.06.82 (72) Authors of the invention (71) Applicant (51) M. Kl!

Е 04 В 7/02 (53)УДК 69.024 (088.8)E 04 V 7/02 (53) UDC 69.024 (088.8)

А.Г. Дуганов, А.М. Синякин и R-Ф- ЯрошенкоA.G. Duganov, A.M. Sinyakin and R-F- Yaroshenko

Херсонский филиал Украинского государственного,-ин^ти^у проектирования городов _ , , . j таKherson branch of the Ukrainian state, -in ^ ti ^ u urban design _,,. j that

I (54) БЕЗРУЛОННАЯI (54) JAWLESS

КРЫША ЗДАНИЯROOF BUILDING

Изобретение относитсяк строительству и может найти применение при возведении крыш зданий с внутренним водостоком.The invention relates to construction and may find application in the construction of roofs of buildings with an internal drain.

Известна сборная железобетонная 15 крыша с внутренним водостоком, монтируемая из ребристых кровельных пане-ι лей, которые укладываются с уклоном к внутреннему водосборному лотку, расположенному вдоль продольной оси здания D1.Known prefabricated reinforced concrete 15 roof with an internal drain, mounted from ribbed roofing panels ι lei, which are laid with a slope to the internal drainage channel, located along the longitudinal axis of the building D1.

Панели укладывают поперек здания, а зазор между ребрами соседних панелей перекрывают П-образным нащельником. Однако известные крыши имеют недостаточную гидроизоляцию и долговечность вследствие протекания стыков между кровельными, а также между кровельными и фризовыми панелями. Указанные стыки неизбежно раскрываются а результате температурных деформаций и разрушающего воздейет¹вия атмосферных осадков. Различные усиления стыков путем укладки дополнительных гидроизоляционных защитных слоев и фартуков из оцинкованной стали не позволяют обеспечить длитель„ ное сохранение высокой надежности крыши.Panels are laid across the building, and the gap between the edges of adjacent panels is covered by a U-shaped filler. However, the known roofs have insufficient waterproofing and durability due to leakage of joints between roofing, as well as between roofing and frieze panels. These joints inevitably open up as a result of thermal deformations and destructive effects of ^{1 type of} precipitation. Various reinforcements of joints by laying additional waterproofing protective layers and aprons made of galvanized steel do not allow long-term preservation of high reliability of the roof.

Наиболее близкой к предлагаемой является безрулонная крыша здания с внутренним водостоком, включающая парапетные стены и покрытые гидроизоляционным материалом кровельные плиты, расположенные с уклоном к центральному водоотводящему лотку, который содержит вороночный лоток . как отдельный элемент покрытия. Кровельные панели оперты с выносом по краям здания на парапетные стены [2].Closest to the proposed is a roll-free roof of the building with an internal drain, including parapet walls and roofing slabs covered with waterproofing material, located with a slope to the central drainage tray, which contains a funnel tray. as a separate coating element. Roofing panels are supported with removal along the edges of the building on the parapet walls [2].

Несмотря на высокую надежность ¹ эксплуатации таких крыш, достаточно большой расход железобетона на м² покрытия и значительна номенклатура изделий, что в условиях дефи цита основных строительных материалов и интенсификации производства требует создания более совершенной и менее материалоемкой конструкции.Despite the high reliability of ¹ operation of such roofs, a sufficiently large consumption of reinforced concrete per m ^{2 of} coating and a significant product range, which in the context of a shortage of basic building materials and intensification of production requires the creation of a more advanced and less material-intensive design.

Цель изобретения - повышение 5 срока службы и надежности работы.The purpose of the invention is to increase 5 service life and reliability.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в безрулонной крыше здания с внутренним водостоком, включающей кровельные плиты и парапетные стены ю кровельные плиты выполнены в виде вороночных модулей с водоприемными патрубками и опорными бортами, имеющими уклон в сторону водоприемного патрубка и отогнутые книзу края, <5 а крыша снабжена опорными балками для опирануя кровельных плит, причем полки балок выполнены в виде лотка, в полости которого расположены отогнутые края вороночных модулей .This goal is achieved by the fact that in the roll-free roof of the building with an internal drain, including roof slabs and parapet walls, roof slabs are made in the form of funnel modules with water inlets and support sides, which are inclined towards the water inlet branch and the edges bent downwards, <5 and the roof equipped with support beams for supporting roofing plates, and the shelves of the beams are made in the form of a tray, in the cavity of which there are bent edges of the funnel modules.

II

Кроме того, парапетные стены снабжены вырезами для опорных балок.In addition, the parapet walls are provided with cutouts for the supporting beams.

При этом днище лотка опорной балки имеет уклон.In this case, the bottom of the support beam tray has a slope.

В нормальном рабочем режиме лотку балки отведена роль дренажа капельных вод, попадающих непосредственно; в виде дождя, и только при засорении одной или нескольких воронок и переполнении вороночного модуля лоток отводит наружу аварийные воды перелива, сигнализируя одновременно о неисправности водоприемной воронки. Ввиду крайне незначительного количества воды, отводимого дренажными лотками, специальных мер по гидроизоляции мест сопряжения вороночных модулей и опорных балок не предусматривается.In normal operating mode, the beam tray is assigned the role of drainage of drip water that directly enters; in the form of rain, and only when one or more funnels become clogged and the funnel module is full, the tray diverts the emergency overflow water to the outside, signaling at the same time that the water intake funnel is malfunctioning. Due to the extremely small amount of water discharged by the drainage trays, special measures for waterproofing the interfaces between funnel modules and support beams are not provided.

. Модули укладываются на балки на растворе. На чердаке патрубки водо-> приемных воронок объединяются трубами и сбрасываются внутренним водостоком. Форма вороночного модуля может быть любой в плане, напоимео квадратной, что позволяет выполнять крышу на зданиях любой конфигурации, при этом поверхность днища также может иметь любую геометрическую форму, например пирамидальную коническую, сводчатую. При этом верхняя плоскость опорных бортов вороночных модулей имеет уклон к центру модуля, это ограничивает попадание в дренажные лотки ливневых вод с горизонтальных плоскостей.. Modules are stacked on beams on the solution. In the attic, the nozzles of the water-> receiving funnels are joined by pipes and discharged by the internal drain. The shape of the funnel module can be any in plan, like a square one, which allows you to make a roof on buildings of any configuration, while the surface of the bottom can also have any geometric shape, for example, a pyramidal conical, vaulted. In this case, the upper plane of the support sides of the funnel modules has a bias towards the center of the module, this limits the penetration of storm water into the drainage trays from horizontal planes.

На фиг.1 изображен участок крыши, вид сверху; на фиг.2 - фрагмент фасадаj на фиг.3 - крыша, разрез,' на фиг.4 - сопряжение опорных балок,’ на фиг.5 узел соединения опорной балки с парапетной стеной; на фиг.6 - вороночный модуль, общий вид.Figure 1 shows a portion of the roof, a top view; in Fig.2 is a fragment of the facade in Fig.3 is a roof, section, 'in Fig.4 is a pair of supporting beams, ’in Fig.5 the connection node of the supporting beam with the parapet wall; figure 6 - funnel module, General view.

Крыша содержит кровельные панели покрытия, выполненные в виде вороночных модулей с поверхностью днища любой геометрической формы, снабженные водоприемным патрубком и опорными бортами 3, которыми · они опираются на парапетные стены и опорные балки 5^ Загнутые книзу, края 6 опорных бортов 3 входят в лоток 7 опорной балки 5. Лоток 7 опорной балки 5 входит открытым торцом в сквозной вырез 8 парапетной стены 4 .The roof contains roofing cover panels made in the form of funnel modules with the surface of the bottom of any geometric shape, equipped with a water inlet and support sides 3, which supporting beams 5. The tray 7 of the supporting beams 5 enters an open end into the through cutout 8 of the parapet wall 4.

Наружная поверхность модуля покрывается защитной гидроизоляционной мастикой и имеет уклон к центру модуля·The outer surface of the module is covered with protective waterproofing mastic and has a bias towards the center of the module

Дождевые и талые воды рассредоточенно сбрасываются модулями через водоприемные патрубки 2 во внутреннюю систему ливнестоков 9. Капли дождя, попадающие в лотки, не создают потока воды и стекают через открытые [торцы лотка 7 наружу. Наличие уклона 'наружной поверхности опорных бортов к центру вороночного модуля позво-, ляет максимально собрать и отвести в канализацию попадающие на крышу осадки.Rain and melt water are dispersed dispersed by the modules through the water inlets 2 into the internal stormwater system 9. Raindrops falling into the trays do not create a water flow and flow out through the open [ends of the tray 7 to the outside. The presence of a slope on the outer surface of the support flanges towards the center of the funnel module allows collecting and draining rainfall falling onto the roof to the maximum extent possible.

При таком выполнении крыши здания увеличивается ее надежность, долговечность, повышается индустриальность вследствие того, что отсутствие центрального водосборного лотка позволяет рассредоточить сброс воды, при этом в случае засорения одной из воронок накопление воды происходит очень медленно, в случае переполнения вороночного модуля вода по лоткам, на которые опирается модуль , отводится за пределы крыши. При этом применение вороночного модуля в качестве плиты покрытия позволяет унифицировать элементы покрытия до одного типоразмера, при этом экономится цемент и металл, так как исключается мощный центральный водосборный лоток, а сам вороночный модуль может быть выполнен как в железобетоне, так и армоцементным или пластмассовым, так же, как и водоотводящие трубы на чердаке.With such a construction of the roof of the building, its reliability, durability increases, and industry increases because the absence of a central drainage tray allows to disperse the discharge of water, while in the case of clogging of one of the funnels, water accumulation occurs very slowly, in the case of overfilling of the funnel module, the water flows over the trays, which relies on the module, is diverted outside the roof. At the same time, the use of a funnel module as a coating plate makes it possible to unify the coating elements to one standard size, while saving cement and metal, since a powerful central drainage tray is excluded, and the funnel module can be made in reinforced concrete, as well as in cement or plastic, so same as drain pipes in the attic.

Кроме того, увеличивается полезный объем чердака без увеличения высоты парапетных стен, так как 5 применение модуля предлагаемой конструкции позволяет укладывать его без уклона. Объемная геометрическая форма вороночного модуля жестка и не требует дополнительных несу- 10 щих ребер как в известных плитах покрытий, между тем как перекрываемая площадь может быть равной или большей. Поэтому он может быть изготовлен армоцементным или пластмассовым. 15In addition, the effective volume of the attic is increased without increasing the height of the parapet walls, since 5 the use of the module of the proposed design allows it to be laid without a slope. The volumetric geometric shape of the funnel module is rigid and does not require additional load-bearing ribs as in well-known coating plates, while the overlapping area can be equal or greater. Therefore, it can be made of cementitious or plastic. fifteen

Claims

The invention relates to construction and can be used in the construction of roofs of buildings with internal water drain. The reinforced concrete roof with internal drainage is known; it is mounted from ribbed roofing panels, which are laid with a slope to the internal catchment tray located along the longitudinal axis of the building, 1. The panels are laid across the building and the gap between the edges of the adjacent panels is covered with a U-shaped latch. However, the known roofs have insufficient waterproofing and durability due to the flow of the joints to the roofing memenda, as well as between the roofing and frieze panels. These joints inevitably open up as a result of temperature distortions and the damaging effects of precipitation. Various reinforcement of the joints by laying additional waterproofing protective layers and aprons made of galvanized steel do not ensure long-term preservation of the high reliability of the roof. Closest to the offer is a roofless roofless building with internal drainage, including parapet walls and roofing plates covered with waterproofing material, sloping towards the central drainage tray, which contains a funnel tray as a separate covering element. Roof panels are supported with the removal of parapet walls along the edges of the building 2. "Despite the high reliability of such roofs, a sufficiently high consumption of reinforced concrete per 1 m of flooring and a significant product range, which, under the conditions of deficiency of basic building materials and the intensification of production, requires more sophisticated and less material-intensive design. The purpose of the invention is to increase the service life and reliability. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a non-roll roof of the building with internal drainage, including roofing plates and parapet walls, roofing plates are made in the form of funnel modules with water inlet pipes and supporting sides, which have a slope towards the water inlet pipe and edges bent from the bottom, and the roof is equipped with supporting beams for the opiran 5 roofing slabs, and the shelves of the beams are made in the form of a tray, in the cavity of which there are bent edge funnel modules. In addition, parapet walls are provided with cutouts for support beams. In this case, the bottom of the chute support beam has a slope. In the normal operating mode, the lot of the beam is assigned the role of drainage of droplet water that falls directly; in the form of rain, and only when one or several funnels are clogged and the funnel module overflows, the tray draws out the emergency overflow waters, simultaneously indicating a malfunction in the water receiving funnel. Due to the extremely insignificant amount of water discharged by the drainage trays, no special measures are needed for waterproofing. There is no provision for connecting the funnel modules and support beams. The modules are placed on the beams in solution. In the attic, the water outlet funnels are combined with pipes and discharged by internal water. The shape of the funnel module can be any in plan, for example, square, which allows the roof to be made on buildings of any configuration, while the bottom surface can have any geometric shape, for example, pyramidal conical, vaulted. At the same time, the upper plane of the supporting sides of the funnel modules has a slope towards the center of the module, this restricts storm showers from the horizontal planes into the drainage trays. Figure 1 shows a section of the roof, top view; FIG. 2 shows a fragment of the facade; FIG. 3 shows a roof, a slit; FIG. —the junction of the support beams, in FIG. 5 — unit for connecting the support beam to the parapet wall; figure 6 - funnel module, a general view. The roof contains roofing panels 1, covered in the form of funnel modules with the bottom surface of any geometric shape, fitted with a water inlet connection 2 and support sides 3, with which they rest on parapet walls 4 and support beams 5i Bent downwards, edges 6 of support sides 3 enter the current 7 support beam 5 o Tray 7 support beam 5 enters with an open door into the through cut-out of the 8 parapet wall. The outer surface of the module is covered with protective waterproofing mastic and has a slope to the center of the module. The rain and melt waters are dispersed by the modules through the intake pipes 2 into the internal drainage system 9. The rain drops falling into the trays do not create water flow and flow through the open ends of the tray 7 to the outside. The presence of a slope of the outer surface of the supporting sides 3 to the center of the funnel module allows. It is possible to maximally collect and discharge sediments falling on the roof into the sewage system. With this design of the roof of the building, its reliability and durability is increased, and industrialism is increased due to the fact that the absence of a central catchment tray allows dispersing water discharge, and if one of the funnels becomes clogged, water accumulates very slowly, in the case of a funnel module overflowing on which the module rests, is retracted beyond the roof. At the same time, the use of a funnel module as a slab of coatings allows to unify the elements of the coating to one size, thus saving cement and metal, as a powerful central catchment tray is eliminated, and the funnel module itself can be made both in reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete or plastic. as well as drainage pipes in the attic. In addition, the useful volume of the attic is increased without increasing the height of the parapet walls, since the use of the module of the proposed construction allows it to be laid without a slope. The volumetric geometrical shape of the funnel module is rigid and does not require additional supporting ribs, as in the known slabs of coverings, while the overlapping area can be equal or larger. Therefore, it can be made of reinforcement cement or plastic. Invention 1. Bezrulonnaya roof of a building with internal drainage, including roofing plates and parapet walls, is different from the fact that, in order to increase service life and reliability, roofing plates are made in the form of funnel modules with water inlets and supporting sides that have a slope in the direction of the intake pipe and the edges bent downwards, and the roof is equipped with supporting beams for supporting the roofing slabs, moreover, the flanges of the beams are in the form of a tray, the cavities of which are bent edge funnel modules. 2. Roof POP.1, characterized in that the parapet walls are provided with cutouts for the supporting beams. 3. The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the support beam tray has a slope. Sources of information taken by the attention during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate №, cl. E O B 13/02, .1977.

2. USSR author's certificate number 66765, cl. E B 7/1, 1976.

FIG. 2