SU902816A1 - Apparatus for separating crushed materials - Google Patents

Description

 The invention relates to a technique for the processing of rocks into crushed stone and can be used in the building materials industry to improve the quality of rubble and crushed sand, as well as in other branches of the country where the classification of granular materials by particle shape is necessary. A classifier is known for separating granular materials containing a spiral conveying device connected to an angle set with yellow, the lower part of which is made in the form of a cylinder with an oblique cut L13. A disadvantage of the known device is the low quality of separation of particles having different shapes. According to the technical essence, the closest to the invention is a device for the separation of crushed rock in the form of particles, -containing duct with blowing holes.

MOUNTAIN BREEDS, feed point and bins for separation products 21. A disadvantage of this device when used to separate it according to the grain shape is also low efficiency. Indeed, a particle of rubble or sand of a lamellar form, when blown in by air, is oriented along the flow axis with its smallest cross section. This reduces aerodynamically the pressure acting on this particle, which falls out of the flow together with crushed stone having a cubic shape. In addition, when classifying a large amount of rubble, the efficiency of the process is greatly affected by the presence of aerodynamic shadows created by individual particles. A particle in an aerodynamic shade is not affected by the flow of air, and it also falls 39 into the bunker along with particles of a cubic shape. If a particle exerted in aero dynamic shadow has a plate shape, it will contaminate the gray product. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the separation of rubble according to the shape of the grain in the air flow. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for the separation of crushed rocks in the form of particles, containing an air duct with blowing holes, a chute for supplying the source material and bins for separation products, the air duct is made in the form of a vertical cylindrical helix, and blow holes are located on the inner surface of the duct and are directed to its longitudinal axis, while the outlet of the chute for feeding the raw material is directed into the cavity of the spiral formed by turns. The air duct can be made in the form of a conical Spiral or in a flat curved arc arc core with blow holes located on the concave wall of the air and along the helix. FIG. Figure 1 shows a scheme for separating material when blowing it out of a single blower device; in fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the proposed device, side view; in fig. 3 - the same, top view; in fig. - principle scheme ycfovki, option; in fig. 5 the same, top view; in fig. 6 - duct with a blowing device in the form of a slit. The installation consists of a uniform suction or discharge duct 1, curved in the form of a cylindrical or conical spiral, on the concave side of which there are blowing devices 2 directed towards the axis of the spiral. A hopper 3 for plate-shaped grains and a hopper 4 for cubic grains are located under the air duct, and a feeding chute for supplying raw materials 5 with an outlet 6 is located under the air duct (see Fig. 2 and H). The spiral shape of the duct ensures that the arrangement of the blower devices is such that the adjacent orifices are displaced relative to each other in height. The installation according to the design version (see Fig. A and 5) consists of a flat duct 1 of uniform suction or pressure, but curved in the form of an arc. On the concave wall of the duct along a helical line are blowing devices 2 or, as shown in FIG. 6 - blowing slit. Above the air duct 1, on the side of the concave wall, there is a feeding point 5 with an outlet 6. The separation of granular materials in the form of particles is carried out as follows. A fan is turned on and air is supplied through a uniform air supply duct 1. The axis of the helix formed by the air duct serves the source material, which, in its fall, is blown by air jets coming from the air holes 2 of the air duct. Since the blowing holes 2 are arranged concentrically (or in an arc in FIG. 4) and displaced relative to each other in height, the falling particle of the lamellar form is subjected to aerodynamic pressure along the entire perimeter, i.e. under different angles of attack (as shown in FIG. 3). This contributes to its removal from the mass of falling material and loss of non-conforming product into the bunker. Distribution duct 1 may be in the form of a conical spiral (or the shape of the arc of a spiral), depending on the number and composition of the particle size of the lamellar form in the source material. For example, the raw material fe may have lamellar particles ranging in size from 5 to 10 mm. Consequently, an air jet that has a lower velocity is necessary for the separation of particles of 5 mm size, and a greater velocity for particles of 10 mm in size. Taking into account that the jet velocity decreases with distance from the blowing hole, then if there is material along the axis of the conical spiral, the material will be affected not only by multidirectional jets, but also by different speed, varying along the height of the spiral. Thus, the proposed apparatus for separating crushed rocks in the form of particles makes it possible to extract irregularly shaped grains 590 from a material flow with a greater effect. tivnost and thereby significantly improve product quality. The economic efficiency of the device is achieved mainly by improving the quality of rubble. 1. Arrangement for separating crushed rocks into particle shape, comprising an air duct with blow holes, a chute for supplying the source material and bunkers for the separation products, characterized in that the air duct is designed as a vertical cylindrical spi to improve the quality of the separation. I Kl IX JJ | ijii.jfr.s, ri.,.-... | -ir-. -.- —a blowing holes are located on the inner surface of the duct and are directed to its longitudinal axis, while the outlet of the chute for feeding the source material is directed into the cavity formed by the turns of the spiral. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is made in the form of a conical spiral. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the duct is made in the form of a flat bent along the arc of the box, and the blowing holes are located on the concave wall of the duct along a helical line. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. The author's certificate of the USSR N 350529, cl. B 07 B 9/02, 1965. 2, Oak B. Sh. And others. Separation of rubble by bulk weight by air stream. According to the materials of the Dnipropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute. M., Gosstroyizdat, 1961. p.5.

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Claims (3)

Claim 1. A device for separating crushed rocks in the form of particles, containing an air duct with blow holes, a estrus for supplying raw material and hoppers for separation products ¹⁵ , characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation, the air duct is made in the form of a vertical cylindrical spiral, and the blow holes ²⁰ raspolo- wife on the inner surface of the duct and directed to its hydrochloric longitudinal axis, the outlet chutes for feeding raw material is directed into the cavity formed by the turns spirals. 2. The device according to π. 1, which is characterized in that the duct is made in the form of a conical spiral. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the duct is made in the form of a flat box curved along an arc, and the blow holes are located on the concave wall of the duct along a helical line.