SU757819A1 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drying technique and can be used for drying grain and. other foods.

Known grain dryers (for drying corn on the cob), containing chambers with inclined grids to accommodate the cobs, 5 located on both sides of the distribution corridor with a longitudinal partition, dividing it into compartments communicated with the chambers using hatches, and heat ventilation equipment; in each compartment in parallel ^{, 0 a} partition is placed a screen that forms the upper discharge and lower suction collectors, and the hatches are closed with rotary valves in the form of two plates placed at a 45 ° angle with sealing aprons ¹⁵ along the perimeter and kinematically connected with a common drive controlled by a command device M].

This grain dryer due to the large if - ^70-operation of auxiliary equipment and automation is characterized by structural complexity and lack of reliability in operation.

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Also known grain dryers containing drying chambers with inclined mesh bottoms to maintain a layer of grain, placed on both sides of the gas distribution corridor, divided by a horizontal partition into two compartments, and located in the chambers in the grain layer collectors connected to the gas distribution corridor [2].

By its technical essence, this grain dryer is closest to that described.

However, the drying process in such a dryer is not sufficiently effective due to the uneven distribution of the coolant in the grain layer.

The purpose of the invention is the intensification of heat and mass transfer by increasing the uniform distribution of the coolant in the chambers.

This is achieved by the fact that the upper compartment is additionally divided by a horizontal wall into two cells, the upper one of which is connected to the drying chambers by means of remote U-shaped branch pipes, and the lower one is in communication with the collectors, the partition and the wall being equipped with switching gates.

757819

On

- - schematically shows the proposed grain dryer, side view; in fig. 2 the same, top view; in fig. 3 shows the gas distribution corridor. With flaps overlapping the upper cell and the intermediate compartment; in fig. 4 - corridor with flaps; overlapping bottom cell; in fig. 5 - corridor with flaps that overlap both cells.

Zernosushilka contains drying chambers 1 With inclined mesh bottoms 2 to maintain a layer of grain. The cameras are located on both sides of the gas distribution corridor, inside of which there are horizontal wall 3 and partition 4, forming a compartment consisting of the upper 5 and lower 6 cells, and compartment 7.

Collectors are placed in the chambers in the grain layer. The upper cell 5 is connected to the chambers via U-shaped nozzles 9, and the lower cell 6 is connected to the collectors 8, and the partition 4 and wall 3 are equipped with switching gates 10. The grain dryer has also distribution hatches 11 for fresh heat carrier, exhaust hatches 12, 13 and 14 for 'spent heat carrier, made in the form of doorways, fan 15 and firebox 16. For loading of grain conveyors 17 and 18 and loading hatches 19 are provided, for unloading grain - unloading hatches 20. Ser nosushilka works as follows. Grain (raw cobs) conveyors 17 and 18 is fed through the hatches 19 into the drying chambers 1, which are filled to the level of the upper ceiling from the side of the corridor.

The coolant is supplied according to three schemes.

In the first scheme (see FIG. 3), the coolant is first supplied to the lower cell 6, from where it enters the collectors 8, passes through the cob layer upwards and out into the upper cell 5 through the nozzle 9, then through the exhaust hatch 12 to the atmosphere and also passes down through the hatches 11, the lower compartment 7 and the exhaust hatch 14. In the second scheme (see Fig. 4), the coolant flows into the upper cell 5 and the lower compartment 7 and moves from the upper cell 5 through pipes 9 to the upper part of the chambers 1, and then passes through the cob and exit 15

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dates through the collectors 8 into the lower cell 6 and then through the hatch 13 is released into the atmosphere, and from the lower compartment 7 the coolant passes through the hatches 11, the mesh bottom 2 and the corn cobs, passes through the collectors 8 into the lower cell 6 and through the hatch 1 / released into the atmosphere. In the third scheme (see Fig. 5), it is possible to deliver the coolant either through the lower compartment 7 (the position of the shutters 10 is indicated by a solid line) or through the upper cell 5 (the position of the shutters 10 is indicated by a dash-dotted line). With this scheme, active drying of the first blown cob layers is carried out and heat and mass transfer takes place in the second layers with partial drying of the grain.

The proposed grain dryer in comparison with the existing ones will allow to intensify and automate the drying process, reduce the uneven drying, increase the productivity of the dryer, reduce the specific capital costs.

Claims (1)

A grain dryer containing drying chambers with on-wall mesh bottoms to maintain a layer of grain placed on both sides of a gas distribution corridor divided by a horizontal partition into two compartments and located in chambers in a layer of grain collectors connected to a gas distribution corridor, characterized in that In order to intensify heat and mass transfer by increasing the uniform distribution of the coolant in the chambers, the upper compartment is additionally divided by a horizontal wall on the door. cells, the upper of which is connected to the drying chambers by extension of U-shaped pipes, and communicates with the lower headers, and the partition wall and provided with changeover valves.