SU749800A1

SU749800A1 - Glass-melting furnace shielding device

Info

Publication number: SU749800A1
Application number: SU782569633A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Валерий Иванович Кондрашов; Борис Емельянович Романов; Нелли Андреевна Хованская; Геннадий Федорович Повитков; Вадим Витальевич Фокин
Original assignee: Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт технического и специального строительного стекла
Priority date: 1978-01-18
Filing date: 1978-01-18
Publication date: 1980-07-25

Description

Изобретение относится к промышленности строительных материалов и может быть использовано, в частности, в стек- \ поваренных печах при усреднении стекломассы.The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used, in particular, in glass / cooker furnaces with averaging glass mass.

Известно заградительное устройство ⁵ванной стекловаренной печи, выполненное в виде полого охлаждаемого металлического вала, установленного с возможностью перемещения в вертикальной плоскости.Known obstruction device ⁵ bath glass melting furnace, made in the form of a hollow cooled metal shaft mounted with the possibility of movement in a vertical plane.

Вал футерован стеклоустойчивым огне- ^1супорным материалом и смонтирован с возможностью вращения от привода [1] .To glass lined shaft ^1c fire- resistant material and is rotatably mounted on the actuator [1].

Наиболее близким по технической сути и достигаемому результату является заградительное устройство стекловаренной печи, включавшее теплообменные трубы с выступами (серообразными лопастями) и смонтированные с возможностью возвратно-поступательного перемещения от при- _мвода [2].The closest in technical essence and achieved result is a damming device a glass melting furnace, which included the heat exchange tubes with protrusions (seroobraznymi blades) and mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement on process water _m [2].

Основными недостатками известных устройств являются недостаточное регулирование потоков стекломассы в стеклова2 ренной печи, ухудшение качества стекломассы из-за разрушения огнеупорного материала преграды, кристаллизации стекломассы на поверхности охлаждаемых преград. Образование гарнисажного слоя зарухшей стекломассы нарушает характер конвективного стеклообмена, что сказывается на качестве вырабатываемого стекла.The main disadvantages of the known devices are insufficient regulation of the flow of glass in the glass furnace, deterioration of the quality of the glass due to the destruction of the refractory material of the barrier, crystallization of the glass on the surface of the cooled barriers. The formation of a skull layer of decayed glass melt violates the nature of convective glass exchange, which affects the quality of the produced glass.

Цель изобретения - повышение качества стекломассы.The purpose of the invention is improving the quality of the glass.

Это достигается тем, что в известном заградительном устройстве стекловаренной печи теплообменные трубы выполнены в виде тепловых труб, смонтированы с возможностью вращения навстречу друг другу, причем целесообразно выступы тепловых труб выполнять по винтовой линии, расходящейся от середины к их концам.This is achieved by the fact that in the known barrier device of a glass melting furnace, the heat exchange pipes are made in the form of heat pipes, mounted to rotate towards each other, and it is advisable to perform the protrusions of the heat pipes along a helix diverging from the middle to their ends.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображен продольный разрез ванной стекловаренной печи с заградительным устройством; на фиг. 2 — то же в плане; на фиг. 3 схематически изображен поперечный разрез ванной печи.In FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a glass melting furnace bath with a barrage device; in FIG. 2 - the same in plan; in FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bath furnace.

Стекловаренная печь состоит иэ варочной 1 и студочной 2 частей. В студочной части 2 установлено заградительное устройство, выполненное из теплообменных труб 3 в виде тепловых труб. Теплооб- 5 менные трубы 3 снаружи печи соединены с электромеханическим блоком 4, включающим привод вращения и приспособление для регулирования зазора между тепловыми трубами. Тепловые трубы на наружной ¹⁰поверхности снабжены выступ’ами 5, выполненными по винтовой линии, расходящейся от середины к концам труб. Торцы тепловых труб соединены с вибраторами 6, например магнитострикционными. На по- 15 верхности тепловых труб расположен слой охлаждаемой стекломассы 7. Преграда расположена поперек верхнего конвекционного потока 8 стекломассы. Аналогичная преграда может быть установлена в нижнем ²⁰конвекционном потоке 9 стекломассы. Тепловые трубы крепятся в охлаждаемые опоры 10, которые установлены в кладке печи.The glass melting furnace consists of a cooking 1 and a studio 2 parts. In the student part 2, a barrier device is installed made of heat exchange tubes 3 in the form of heat pipes. Heat transfer tubes 3 outside the furnace are connected to an electromechanical unit 4 including a rotation drive and a device for regulating the gap between the heat pipes. The heat pipes on the outer ¹⁰ surface are provided with protrusions 5 made along a helical line diverging from the middle to the ends of the pipes. The ends of the heat pipes are connected to the vibrators 6, for example magnetostrictive. A layer of cooled glass melt 7 is located on the surface of the heat pipes 7. The barrier is located across the upper convection glass melt stream 8. A similar barrier can be installed in the lower ²⁰ convection flow 9 of the molten glass. Heat pipes are mounted in cooled supports 10, which are installed in the masonry of the furnace.

Теплообменные трубы 3 установлены ²⁵горизонтально поперек печи, параллельно друг другу. Наружный диаметр теплообменных труб может изменяться от 50 до 120 мм при толщине верхнего конвекционного потока в 450-500 мм. Теплообменные трубы 3 установлены и соединены с приводом вращения попарно навстречу друг другу. Высота выступов может изме•няться от 2-3 мм до 10-15 мм в зависимости от диаметра тепловой трубы и. технологической целесообразности.Heat transfer tubes 3 are mounted ²⁵ horizontally across the furnace, parallel to each other. The outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes can vary from 50 to 120 mm with a thickness of the upper convection flow of 450-500 mm. Heat exchange tubes 3 are installed and connected to the rotation drive in pairs towards each other. The height of the protrusions can vary from 2-3 mm to 10-15 mm, depending on the diameter of the heat pipe and. technological feasibility.

Тепловые трубы выполнены из полых замкнутых труб, на внутренней поверхности которых расположен материал с капил-лярно-пористой структурой (фитилем), например, металлические сетки или спеченная керамика. Фитиль пропитан рабочей жидкостью - теплоносителем, изменяющей свое агрегатное состояние при температурах ниже температуры стекломассы в районе установки тепловых труб.Heat pipes are made of hollow closed pipes, on the inner surface of which there is a material with a capillary-porous structure (wick), for example, metal mesh or sintered ceramic. The wick is impregnated with a working fluid - a coolant that changes its state of aggregation at temperatures below the temperature of the glass melt in the area of installation of heat pipes.

Опоры 10 собраны в кассеты, которые вставляются в соответствующие щели в боковых стенках печи, например, сверху вниз. При выемке кассет из щели печи за-⁵⁰зоры в боковых стенках печи закрываются специальными огнеупорными шиберами (на чертеже не показано).The supports 10 are assembled into cassettes, which are inserted into the corresponding slots in the side walls of the furnace, for example, from top to bottom. When the recess of the oven cassettes slit za- Zora ⁵⁰ in the side walls of the furnace are closed by special refractory vanes (not shown).

Величина зазора определяется для каж— дой печи экспериментально в зависимости от производительности печи и составляет от 0,1 до 0,9 живого сечения верхнего конвекционного потока стекломассы.The size of the gap is determined experimentally for each furnace depending on the productivity of the furnace and ranges from 0.1 to 0.9 of the living cross section of the upper convection glass flow.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

В стекловаренной печи стекломасса движется из варочной части 1 в студочную 2 верхним конвекционным потоком 8 на выработку. Часть стекломассы вырабатывается, а оставшаяся часть возвращается нижним конвекционным потоком 9 в варочную часть печи. Между варочной 1 и студочной 2 частями печи течение стекломассы изменяют посредством установки заградительного устройства. Изменение течения стекломассы осуществляют при вращении теплообменных труб 3. Вследствие того, что изменение агрегатного состояние рабочей жидкости в тепловых трубах подбирают при таких температурах, при которых стекломасса на их поверхности сохраняет текучесть, валы из усредненной и охлажденной стекломассы образуются, в основном, за счет сил вязкого трения между пограничным наиболее охлажденным слоем стекломассы и прилагающими слоями стекломассы. При скоростях вращения 3 об/мин и более диаметр горизонтальных валов составляет примерно два диаметра вращающейся тепловой трубы. Изменением скорости вращения тепловых труб также изменяют величину зазора между горизонтальными валами стекломассы, тем самым регулируя поступление стекломассы из одной части печи в другую. Непрерывному обмену стекломассы в горизонтальных валах вращения также способствует озвучивание тепловых труб магнитострикционными вибраторами, так как это резко уменьшает величину трения между поверхностью тепловой трубы и прилегающей стекломассой. Помимо этого магнитострикционные вибраторы в 4050 раз увеличивают скорость циркуляции рабочей жидкости в тепловой трубе за счет ультразвукового капиллярного эффекта, что значительно увеличивает срок службы тепловых труб. Источником ультразвуковых колебаний могут служить магнитострикционный вибратор ПМС-38, запитанный от ультразвукового генератора УЗГ-10, или их модификации.In a glass melting furnace, the glass melt moves from the brewing unit 1 to the studio 2 by the upper convection stream 8 to the output. Part of the molten glass is produced, and the remaining part is returned by the lower convection stream 9 to the cooking part of the furnace. Between the cooking 1 and the studio 2 parts of the furnace, the flow of molten glass is changed by installing a barrage device. The change in the flow of molten glass is carried out during rotation of the heat exchange tubes 3. Due to the fact that the change in the state of aggregate of the working fluid in the heat pipes is selected at such temperatures that the molten glass on their surface maintains fluidity, the shafts from the averaged and cooled glass melt are formed mainly due to forces viscous friction between the boundary most cooled glass melt layer and the adjacent glass melt layers. At rotational speeds of 3 rpm or more, the diameter of the horizontal shafts is approximately two diameters of the rotating heat pipe. The change in the rotation speed of the heat pipes also changes the gap between the horizontal shafts of the glass melt, thereby regulating the flow of glass melt from one part of the furnace to another. The continuous exchange of molten glass in the horizontal rotation shafts is also facilitated by the sounding of the heat pipes by magnetostrictive vibrators, since this sharply reduces the amount of friction between the surface of the heat pipe and the adjacent glass mass. In addition, magnetostrictive vibrators 4050 times increase the speed of circulation of the working fluid in the heat pipe due to the ultrasonic capillary effect, which significantly increases the service life of the heat pipes. The source of ultrasonic vibrations can be the magnetostrictive vibrator PMS-38, powered by an ultrasonic generator UZG-10, or their modifications.

Изменяя величину зазора между горизонтальными валами стекломассы и перемещения их попарно по высоте посредством приспособления для регулирования зазора электромеханического блока 4, добиваются изменения величины и месторасположения зазора в живом сечении потока стекломассы. Это позволяет отбирать на5 749800 иболее однородную стекломассу по глубине бассейна.By changing the gap between the horizontal shafts of the glass melt and moving them in pairs in height by means of a device for regulating the gap of the electromechanical unit 4, they achieve changes in the size and location of the gap in the living section of the glass melt flow. This allows you to select 5,749,800 and more homogeneous glass melt in the depth of the pool.

К отработавшей свой срок тепловой трубе присоединяют снаружи печи новую посредством любого замкового механизма, 5 и, выжимая отработавшую тепловую трубу из печи, одновременно протягивают новую.To the exhausted heat pipe, a new one is connected outside the furnace by any locking mechanism, 5 and, while squeezing the spent heat pipe out of the furnace, a new one is simultaneously pulled.

Экономическая эффективность от использования заградительного устройства на одной крупногабаритной стекловарен- 10 ной печи производительностью 360 т стекломассы в сутки 200 тыс.руб. за счет повышения качества стекломассы. . ,The economic efficiency from the use of a barrage device on one large-sized glass-melting furnace 10 with a capacity of 360 tons of glass melt per day is 200 thousand rubles. by improving the quality of glass. . ,

Claims

The invention relates to industrial building materials and can be used, in particular, in a stack of finished furnaces with averaged glass mass. A barrier device for a glass furnace furnace, made in a Vice hollow cooled metal shaft mounted for movement in a vertical plane, is known. Shaft 4 is lined with a glass-resistant refractory material and is mounted with rotational drive ij. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the barrier device of the glass melting furnace, which includes heat exchange tubes with protrusions (sulfur-like blades) and mounted with the possibility of reciprocation of the drive 2. The main drawbacks of the known devices are the lack of reregulation of the glass mass flows in the glass melting furnace, deterioration of the glass mass quality due to the destruction of the refractory material of the barrier, crystallization of the glass mass on the surface of the cooled obstacles. The formation of the skull layer over the broken glass mass violates the nature of the convective glass exchange, which affects the quality of the glass produced. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the glass melt. This is achieved by the fact that in a known glass-forming furnace stopping device, the heat-exchange tubes are made in the form of heat pipes, mounted to rotate towards each other, and it is advisable to run the projections of the heat pipes along the helix extending from the middle to their ends. FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a glass furnace furnace with a barrier device; in fig. 2 - the same in the plan; in fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-section of the bath of the furnace. The glass melting furnace consists of a cooking 1 and student’s 2 parts. In the student part 2 is installed barrier device made of heat exchange tubes 3 in the form of heat pipes. The heat exchange tubes 3 outside the furnace are connected to an electromechanical unit 4, including a rotational drive and a device I for adjusting the gap between the heat pipes. The heat pipes on the outer surface are provided with protrusions 5, made along a helical line extending from the middle to the ends of the pipes. The ends of the heat pipes are connected to vibrators 6, for example magnetostrictive. A layer of cooled glass mass 7 is located on the surface of heat pipes. The barrier is located across the upper convection flow 8 glass mass. A similar obstacle can be installed in the lower convection flow 9 of glass melt. Heat pipes are attached to cooled poles, which are installed in the kiln stove. Heat exchange tubes 3 are installed horizontally across the furnace, parallel to each other. The outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes can vary from 50 to 12O mm with the thickness of the upper convection flow of 45O-50O mm. The heat exchange tubes 3 are installed and connected with a rotational drive in pairs towards each other. The height of the protrusions can vary from 2-3 mm to 1O-15 mm depending on the diameter of the heat pipe and. technological feasibility. Heat pipes are made of hollow closed tubes, on the inner surface of which there is a material with a capillary-porous structure (wick), for example, metal grids or sintered ceramics. The wick is impregnated with a working fluid — a coolant that changes its state of aggregation at temperatures below the glass melt temperature in the region of the heat pipe installation. The supports 1O are assembled in cassettes that are inserted into the corresponding slots in the side walls of the furnace, for example, from top to bottom. When the cassettes are removed from the furnace slot, the gaps in the side walls of the furnace are closed with special refractory gate valves (not shown in the Drawing). The size of the gap is determined experimentally for each furnace, depending on the productivity of the furnace and the composition from 0, 1 to 0.9 of the living section of the upper convection flow of the glass melt. The device works as follows. In a glass melting furnace, the glass melt moves from the cooking part 1 to the stud 2 by the upper convection flow 8 per generation. A part of the glass melt is produced, and the remaining part is returned by the lower convection flow 9 to the cooking part of the oven. Between the cooking chamber 1 and the stud room 2 parts of the furnace, the flow of glass melt is changed by installing a barrier device. Changes in the flow of glass melt are carried out with rotation of the heat exchange tubes 3. Due to the fact that the change in the aggregate state of the working fluid in heat pipes is selected at such temperatures at which the glass melts retain fluidity on their surface, the shafts of the averaged and cooled glass melt form mainly due to the forces of viscous friction between the boundary and the most cooled layer of the glass mass and the layer of glass mass applied. At speeds of rotation of 3 rpm or more, the diameter of the horizontal shafts is approximately two diameters of a rotating heat pipe. By changing the speed of rotation of the heat pipes, the gap between the horizontal shafts of the glass mass is also changed, thereby regulating the flow of glass from one part of the furnace to the other. The continuous exchange of glass melt in horizontal shafts of rotation is also facilitated by the sounding of heat pipes by magnetostrictive vibrators, since this dramatically reduces the amount of friction between the surface of the heat pipe and the adjacent glass melt. In addition, magnetostrictive vibrators increase the circulation rate of the working fluid in a heat pipe by a factor of 4050 due to the ultrasonic capillary effect, which significantly increases the service life of heat pipes. The source of ultrasonic vibrations can serve as a magnetostrictive vibrator PMS-38, fed from an ultrasonic generator UZG-1O, or their modifications. Changing the size of the gap between the horizontal shafts of the glass melt and moving them in pairs along the height by adjusting the gap of the electronic unit 4 of the unit, is achieved by changing the size and location of the gap in the live section of the glass melt flow. This makes it possible to select a more molten glass mass in the depth of the basin. A heat pipe that has served its time is connected outside the furnace with a new means of any locking mechanism, AND | squeezing the waste heat pipe from the furnace while simultaneously drawing a new one. The economic efficiency of using a barrier device on one large-sized glass-melting furnace with a capacity of 360 tons of glass mass per day is 20 thousand rubles. at the expense of increasing the quality of the glass melt .. Claim 1, the barrier device of a glass melting furnace, including heat exchangers with protrusions mounted with the possibility of reciprocating alternation, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the glass melt, the heat exchangers are made in the form of heat pipes mounted rotatably towards each other. 2. The device according to claim 1, stating that the protrusions of the heat pipes are made along a helix extending from the middle to their ends, 3. The device pop, 1, differs with the fact that heat pipes are mounted with the possibility of their reciprocal movement in counterphase, |. Sources of information taken into account in examination 1, USSR Author's Certificate for the application Jsfc 235716О / 33, cl. From 03 to 5 / 2O, O6, O5.76.

2. USSR author's certificate number 571442, kp. S OZ 5/20, 1976.

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