SU1737577A1 - Microwave attenuator - Google Patents

Abstract

The microwave attenuator belongs to radio engineering and can be used in antenna arrays. The aim of the invention is to reduce the initial losses, the microwave attenuator contains a quadrature bridge (MK), the first arm of which is loaded on a matched load (F1C), and the first cascade-connected discrete Phaser (D1) are connected to the third and fourth arms, respectively an attenuator (AT1) and a circulator (UF1) and the second cascade-connected discrete phase shifter (D2), an attenuator (AT2) and a circulator (CF2) and an adder (MS), and the second arms of both circulators are connected through an adjustable inhomogeneity (HP ). A reduction in the initial losses is achieved by introducing a first and second circulators with an adjustable inhomogeneity, 1 or o S

Description

The invention relates to microwave technology and can be used in diagrams of diagrams based on antenna arrays (DOS HEADLIGHTS), as well as in auto-compensation circuits (ACP),

Microwave attenuators are known to contain quadrature signal splitters (bridges), adjustable attenuators, discrete phase shifters, in-phase signal combiners (bridges), local oscillators, and mixers, which provide a change in the amplitude of the output signal from 0 to the maximum value and Laz output signal compared to the input from 0 up to 360, but with large initial losses.

The closest to the present invention is a microwave attenuator jl containing a quadrature bridge, the first arm of which is an input, the second arm is loaded on a matched load, and the first cascade-connected discrete phase shifter and attenuator and the second cascade-connected discrete phase shifter are connected to the third and fourth shoulders and an attenuator, and an adder, the output of which is the output of the microwave attenuator, the first and second attenuators being synchronously adjustable, to ensure constant At the output amplitude, when adjusting the phase, the amplitudes of the summed signals are varied according to

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sinusoidal (in one shoulder) and cosine-like (in the other shoulder) laws. At the same time, the minimum theoretical initial loss is 6 dB. The disadvantage of the prototype is a significant initial loss, causing an increased power consumption in the DOS and a deterioration in the efficiency of the automatic transmission

The aim of the invention is to reduce the initial losses

The goal is achieved by introducing the first and second circulators and adjustable reactive heterogeneity, with the first and third shoulders of the first and second circulators being connected, respectively, between the outputs of the first and second adjustable attenuators and the first and second inputs of the adder, and the second shoulders are connected through adjustable heterogeneity „

Functional diagram of the microwave attenuator and is shown in the drawing.

The microwave attenuator contains a quadrature bridge (ГЖ) 1, the first arm of which is loaded on a matched load (NS) 2, and the first and fourth arms are connected respectively to the first cascade connected discrete phase shifter (PD1) 3, attenuator (AT.) A and circulator (PF () 5 and second cascade connected discrete phase shifter (PD2) 6, attenuator (AT) 7 and circulator (CFF} 8, and adder (MS) 9 and the second arms of both circulators are connected through adjustable inhomogeneity (HP) Yuo

The microwave attenuator works as follows. The input signal arriving at shoulder 11 of the quadrature bridge is divided equally between shoulders 12 and 13 with a relative phase shift §12. Signal from shoulder 12 through the first discrete phase shifter, attenuator and circulator goes to an adjustable reactive inhomogeneity., To the control voltage U. is applied to it, depending on the magnitude of which, the signal part is reflected from the regulated inhomogeneity, and the rest part passes through the signal part reflected from the inhomogeneity through the DF1 circulator falls into the first shoulder of the adder, and passed through the circulator to the second shoulder of the adder. Similarly, the signal from the shoulder 13 of the quadrature bridge through the second discrete phototruck, attenuator and circulator (arrives for non-uniformity and further

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through circulators ZF1 and ZF2, the last and reflected parts of the signal go to the first and second inputs of the adder and are added to the output "

The amplitude of the output signal is controlled by the AT1 and AT2 attenuators, which are controlled synchronously.

The phase change of the signal from 0 to 360 at the output of the microwave attenuator is carried out using adjustable heterogeneity and discrete phase shifters PD1 and PD2. By varying the control voltage Uu on the heterogeneity, the phases of the transmitted and reflected signals change from 0 to 45 °, while the signal phase at the output of the microwave attenuator varies from 0 to 90 °. The phase change of the output signal of the microwave attenuator by an angle of 360 ° is achieved by introducing additional phase shifts by discrete phase shifters.

Adjustable reactive inhomogeneity is performed, for example, in the form of a waveguide section with a varactor diode and additional reactive elements (resonant diaphragm,

inductive and capacitive pins) 0 i

At the proposed microwave attenuator

Compared to the prototype, there are no losses due to the change in the ratio of the amplitudes of the quadrature components of the signal, therefore, the initial losses are reduced by 3 dB.

Claims (1)

Claims. The microwave attenuator containing a quadrature bridge, the first arm of which is an input, the second arm is loaded on a matched load, and the first cascaded connected discrete phase shifter and attenuator and adder, the output of which is the output of the microwave attenuator, are connected to the third and fourth arms, the first and second attenuators are synchronously adjustable, characterized in that, in order to reduce initial losses, the first and second circulators are introduced and the reactive heterogeneity is adjustable, than the first and third shoulders of the first and second circulating tori included, cheny respectively between the outputs of the first and second adjustable attenuator and a first and second combiner inputs, and a second arm connected via a controlled inhomogeneity. five 0 five CZH NA PD2 m 12 ZF2