SU1675927A1 - Apparatus for demonstration of laws of dynamics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to demonstration devices and can be used in a physics course when studying sections of mechanics in secondary and higher educational institutions. The purpose of the invention is to expand the demonstration capabilities and increase the visibility of the demonstration. The device comprises a base on which the air bench is installed with an adjustable position. Upper The bench surface has an L-shaped cross section and is made uniformly perforated along the entire length. An L-shaped carriage with interchangeable calibrated weights is installed on the bench. A block consisting of a stationary hollow body with an annular groove of a V-shaped cross section and a thin-walled ring of a V-shaped cross section, installed with a gap in the groove of the housing, is connected to the base. The surface of the body groove is perforated similarly to the upper surface of the bench. An adjustable air compressor is connected to the bench and the body of the unit through a pipeline. The cart is connected with a thread through a block with a set of calibrated weights. The device is also equipped with an electronic computing machine with an interface and a television screen and a distance measuring means including trolley position sensors connected to the interface. 3 il. ate with

Description

The invention relates to teaching aids, in particular to advanced tools for demonstrations in physics, and can be used in studying the sections of mechanics in secondary and higher educational institutions.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the demonstration capabilities and increase the visibility of the demonstration.

FIG. 1 shows a general scheme of the device; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one.

The device contains a base mounted on it with the possibility of adjusting the position of a hollow air bench 1 with a uniformly perforated along the length of the upper surface of the L-shaped section, a 2-section trolley of L-shaped section with interchangeable weights mounted on the bench, a means of measuring the distance traveled by the trolley , comprising a frame 3 mounted on a trolley, and a holder 4 with sensors 5 position of the trolley mounted on the base, block 6 associated with

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base, thread 7, a set of replaceable calibrated weights 8, connected by a thread through a trolley unit, an adjustable air compressor 9 with a pipeline, an electronic computer (computer) 10, an interface 11 for connecting the trolley position sensors 5 to a computer, a television screen 12 to display the processed information connected to the computer. In fig

1 and 2 show the air flow 13 injected by the compressor 9.

Block 6 contains a stationary hollow body with an annular groove 14 of V-shaped section, the surface of which is perforated similarly to the upper surface of the bench 1, and a thin-walled ring 15 of V-shaped section made of a material with low density and installed with a gap in the groove of the body . Thread-7 is drawn through ring 15.

The compressor 9 is connected through a pipeline to the hollow bench 1 and the body of the unit 6. The means for measuring the distance traveled by the carriage is made on the basis of photodiodes.

The operation of the device is shown on the example of demonstration II of Newton's law

The power to the entire device is turned on. Compressor 9 is pumped air flow through the pipeline into the air bench 1 and the body of the unit 6. On the bench 1 install trolley 2 with interchangeable goods. The air flow 13, the output through the holes of the perforated surfaces, creates air cushions between the bench 1 and the carriage 2 and between the casing and the ring 15 of the block 6, significantly reducing friction losses in the specified slip pairs.

Bench 1 set in such a way that the cart 2 remained stationary.

Then, the carriage 2 is connected with the thread 6 through the block 6 with a set of calibrated weights 8, thus applying a constant calibrated force to it. Truck

2 is retracted to the extreme position (left on

FIG. 1) and released. During the movement of the trolley 2 under the action of a constant force, the means for measuring the distance traveled by the trolley generates temporary pulses coming through the interface 11 into the computer 10. The processed information, taking into account the masses of the trolley 2 and a set of calibrated weights 8, is output to the television screen 12 in the form of graphs and tables . Men mass

a set of calibrated weights 8, repeat the experience, demonstrating that the acceleration of the carriage 2 is directly proportional to the force applied to it.

Similarly, the dependence of acceleration on mass is demonstrated at constant silt. In this case, the set of calibrated weights 8 remains constant, and the weight of the carriage 2 is changed by means of its interchangeable weights.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for demonstrating the laws of dynamics, comprising a base mounted on it with the possibility of adjusting the position of a hollow air bench with uniformly perforated along the length of the upper surface of the L-shaped section, mounted on the bench an L-shaped section trolley with interchangeable weights, an adjustable air compressor with a piping connected to the bench and a means of measuring the distance traveled by the cart, characterized in that, in order to broaden the demonstration possibilities and increase the visibility demonstration, it contains a base-mounted unit consisting of a hollow body connected to the pipeline with an annular groove of a V-shaped section, the surface of which is perforated similarly to the upper surface of the bench, and a thin-walled V-shaped ring made of a material with low density and installed gap in the groove of the housing, the thread and calibrated weights associated with the thread through the unit with the trolley. adnn EETR d5T -... l ......-..... vVVvv z gi EETR d5T .. l ......-..... OU Aa 13