SU1658852A1 - Method of reclamation of low-productivity land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of reclaiming mining waste dumps and can be used in agriculture in the process of recultivating unproductive and unproductive land and creating forest plantations at the site of disturbed mining. The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of reclamation due to the acceleration of the soil-forming process. In the recultivated area, dumping of the drainage layer is made, the catchment and water retaining structures are created. Laying of a waterproof clay layer with a thickness of 0.1 m is performed. Laying of a layer of potentially fertile rocks with a capacity of 0.2 m. The weathering crust of granodiorite is used as potentially fertile; to a depth of 5 cm, the legume-grass mixture is sown and the forest-shrub vegetation is planted. During emergence and flowering, fertilizing is carried out with a nitroammophotic norm of 17 kg AI / ha. 4 tab. cl

Description

The invention relates to a method for reclaiming mining waste dumps and can be used in agriculture in the process of recultivating unproductive and unproductive land and creating forest plantations at the site of disturbed mining areas.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of reclamation due to the acceleration of the soil-forming process.

Example. The reclamation site is created at the site of the dropout dumps, which was taken out to the consumer, and the site itself did not have a stored soil and plant fertile layer due to its initial capacity of 7-10 cm.

the drainage layer, anti-aerosion structures against water erosion, containing a waterproof dam, catchment and water-retaining structures, erect a waterproof layer with a thickness of 0.1 m from thick clays, then lay a potentially fertile layer with a capacity of 0.2 m, in The quality of the material used is the weathering crust of granodiorite (KBG), whose characteristics are presented in Table 1-3.

Then, lignite waste is applied at a rate of 10 t / ha, loosening with a disk harrow to a depth of 5 cm is carried out. Sowing of legume-grass grass mixture (Kastrets 25 kg / ha and clover -20 kg / ha), planting trees and bushes . In quality

00 00

cl

YU

its seedlings are planted with pine, larch, r bina, birch, alder, as most often found on naturally overgrown dumps.

Twice, during the sprouting of herbs and flowering, fertilizing is carried out with a nitroammophoreum at the rate of 17 kg AI / ha.

The results of the experiment showed that even by the end of the first year of the growing season, a high-quality sod was formed, the surface of potentially fertile rocks (the weathering crust of granodiorite) was covered with a solid dense grass stand. The yield of green mass of grass mixture was close to the zonal level of yield (two mowings were carried out), the condition of tree-shrub vegetation is satisfactory.

The findings obtained in field production conditions are confirmed by the results of the vegetation experiment (in the greenhouse).

The sizes of fractions of the weathering crust of granodiorite are given in Table 1.

The results of the agrochemical analysis of the weathering crust of granodiorite are given in Table 2.

The results of microbiological analysis of the weathering crust of granodiorite are given in table 3.

Indicators of field tests are presented in table. four

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of recultivation of unproductive and unproductive land, including dumping of the drainage layer, creation of catchment and water retaining facilities, dumping of a waterproof layer of 0.1 m thick clay laying the layer of potentially fertile rocks, its loosening and subsequent cultivation of agricultural crops using fertilizers, characterized in that, in order to improve the efficiency of recultivation by speeding up the soil-forming process, the weathering crust of granodiorite, which is laid down with a layer of 0.2 m, is used as potentially fertile rocks; after loosening the disk harrow to a depth of 5 cm the legume-grass mixture is sown, the crops are rolled in and the trees and shrubs are planted, followed by a two-fold fertilizing with mineral fertilizers during the emergence and flowering. Table 1 ,, t 1.0-0.25 0.25-0.05 0.05-0.01 0.01-0.005 | 0,005-0,001 Less Fizich. mm mmmm mm I mm 0.001 mm of clay.  (amount) i1 -I11. 30.6028.8727.575.672, A3A, 8612.96  Table2 ... t C, Z Mobile Poglo.osn., RNHydrolit. (Sum | DegreeVolume mg / 100 gm.eq./OU g of water. acid,, absorbed, sat. mass, 1m.e./100g osm. DOS., T.i g / cm p kg ° Ca Mg 1I eq. 0.08 30.30 23.23 11.5 1.55.50.9313.093 .2.59  ТТ а б ли ца 3 The number of microorganisms, thousand, in 1 g of the breed Points, gt Sachrophytes Logonitro-Lctnomnn- I Azotobak-iPlenev- Phosphorus; Nitrnf Lmmon. Proteol. filtytsy ter.gribribor. I   BZKT. Fits. Active i: ljl AO.Z 150,00,8 80,041,90,50, A0,5 Yield of green mass (c / ha) of bean grass mixture: 1 year 2years 3year Projected coverage of legume-grass mixture,% O Biometric data (height, cm): O the bone of the awnless clover Note In the conditions of the Far East, the known method is inoperable due to the small amount of the fertile layer. Table 4 LTD 220 250 257 89 114 17