SU1642449A1 - Pulsed ac voltage controller - Google Patents

Description

one

(21) 4628780 / 24-07

(22) 29.

(46) .91. Bul Number 14

(71) Moscow Institute of Technology

(72) S.I. Cherkov

(53) 621 .316.722.1 (088.8)

(56) USSR Author's Certificate No. 1179297, cl. G 05 F 1/30, 1984.

Kobzev A.B. et al. AC voltage stabilizers with high-frequency pulse-width regulation, Energoatomizdat, 1986, p. 22, tab. 1.1, c.9.

(54) PULSE VOLTAGE REGULATOR

(57) The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in the construction of pulse regulators and variable voltage stabilizers. The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of output voltage control. The key elements 3 ... 8 of the regulator switch with the frequency of the master oscillator 9. The duration of their open state is equal to the half-period of oscillation of the master oscillator 9. When the control voltage changes from the source of the control voltage, the required phase shift at the outputs of the phase-shifting nodes 10 and 11 and set the desired output voltage. The voltage at the output of the regulator depends on the duty cycle and polarity of the total voltage pulses taken from the parts of the windings of transformers 1 and 2. When the input voltage rises to the second transformer 2, the voltage is applied above the output, so it does not limit the range of output voltage regulation. The range of regulation in the proposed controller is practically unlimited. 2 Il.

With s

ABOUT

Ј iro

i

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular, to power supply devices for electronic equipment, in particular, to pulse controllers and voltage stabilizers.

The aim of the invention is to expand the range of output voltage control.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a variable voltage pulse regulator; Fig. 2 shows timing diagrams explaining its principle of operation.

The regulator contains the first 1 and second 2 tpangtomators, each with two identical windings, which are made with taps, with the first opposite terminals of the windings of the first transformer 1 being connected to the common bus through the first 3 and second 4 key elements, respectively. According to

The current taps of the first 1 and second 2. transformers are connected via the third 5 and fourth 6 key elements. The first opposite terminals of the windings of the second transformer 2 are connected to the common bus through the fifth 7 and sixth 8, respectively, second elements of the second opposite terminals of the windings of the first 1 and second 2 The formators are connected to the input and output pins of the direct and inverse outputs of the master oscillator 9, respectively, connected to the control inputs of the third 5 and fourth 6 key elements, respectively, electrically connected to its direct output, and the control output, galvanically separated from its direct output, is connected to the synchronization inputs of the first 10 and second 11 controlled phase-shifting nodes connected by control inputs to a terminal for connecting nodes connected by control inputs to a terminal control voltage source connections The direct outputs of nodes 10 and 11 are connected to the control inputs of the first 3 and fifth, respectively.

7 key elements, and their inverse outputs - to the control inputs of the second 4 and sixth, respectively

8 key elements

In this case, the direct and inverse outputs of the master oscillator 9 and the controlled phase-shifting units 10 and 11 are galvanically developed (for example, using optocouplers), and the ratio of turns in the winding part from the outlet to the midpoint to the total number of turns in the winding is the same each of transformers 1 and 2.

The controller works as follows.

The key elements 3-8 of the regulator are switched with the frequency of the master oscillator 9, which is much greater than the network frequency. Their open state is equal to the half-period of oscillations of the master oscillator 9. At the same time, the transformer 1 and the key elements 3 and 4 and the transformer 2 and the key elements 7 and 8 form two voltage converters, therefore the voltage on the windings of transformers 1 and 2 are pulses with a duty cycle of 2, the envelope of which has the shape of a sinusoidal waveform

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

This network The voltage at the output of the regulator is equal to the sum of the input voltage, the voltage on the winding part of the first transformer 1 from the midpoint to the drain and the voltage on the winding part of the transformer 2 from the drain to the midpoint for those windings whose leads are interconnected through an open key element is either 5 or 6.

If the polarity of voltage pulses does not coincide on the indicated parts of transformer windings 1 and 2, the total voltage on parts of these windings is zero (since the ratio of the turns of the winding part from the midpoint to the total number of turns in the winding is selected ), the output voltage of the regulator is equal to the input. If the polarity of the pulses coincides, the total voltage on the parts of these windings either coincides in polarity with the water or opposite to it.

Therefore, the output voltage of the regulator is the sum of the input voltage and the total pulse voltage taken from parts of the windings of transformers 1 and 2, the low-frequency component of which is a sinusoid with a network frequency whose amplitude depends on the duty cycle of the total voltage pulses, transformers 1 and 2 (and determined by the phase shift of the voltages on these windings), and the phase is either the same or opposite to the phase of the input voltage. If the phases of these voltages coincide If the output voltage is greater than the input voltage, if they are opposite, then the output voltage is less than the input voltage.

Consequently, the voltage at the output of the regulator depends on the duty cycle and polarity of the total voltage pulses taken from parts of the windings of transformers 1 and 2, which are determined by the phase shift between the voltage pulses at the outputs of the master oscillator 9 and phase shifting nodes 10 and 11, which control the switching of the key elements in pairs 5 and 6, 3 and 4, 7 and 8

So, for example, with simultaneous alternating switching of key elements 3, 5, 7, and 4, 6, 8, the output voltage is maximal, with one time switching of key elements 3, 6, 7, and 4, 5, 8 the output voltage is minimum, and one time switching of key points 3, 8, and 4, 7, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, independent of the key switch 5 and 6.

The voltage at the output of the regulator is set, depending on the control voltage from the connection of the control voltage source, by changing the phase shift of the pulses at the outputs of the controlled phase-shifting nodes 10 and 11 with respect to the phase of the master oscillator 9

In this case, the pulses at the output of the shifting node 10 are lagging in phase from the pulses of the setting generator 9, and the pulses at the output of the phase-shifting node 11 are ahead of them. The most optimal is the cases when the output pulses of the phase of the shifting nodes 10 and 11 are lagging behind and one in phase, the output pulses of the generator 9 by the same value

Moreover, with the input voltage above the output pulses at the output of the phase-shifting node 10 lags in phase from the pulses at the output of the phase-shifting node 11 more than 1/2 of the oscillation period of the master oscillator 9o

When the input voltage is lower than the output pulses at the output of the phase-shifting unit, the phase-shifted pulses of the phase-shifting unit 11 are less than 1/2 the period of the master oscillator 9.

Thus, changing the control voltage of the source of the control voltage and, as a result, setting the required phase shift between switching the key elements in pairs 3 and 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8, setting the required voltage.

The time diagrams of the regulator voltages are presented, where U IU, 1Ц are the voltages at the direct outputs of the master oscillator 9, phase shifting nodes 10 and 11, respectively; U4 is the total voltage taken from parts of transformer windings 1 and 2 for those windings whose outlets are interconnected through an open key element of either 5 or 6; Ug is the input voltage of the regulator; Ug - regulation output voltage

-

6

And

ten

(five

;about

Torah; t - nremch. Moreover, for positive U, Г Ј and Uз, the key elements 3, 7, to which the voltage is applied, are open, and for negative, they are closed. Moreover, when t Y to, the output voltage is lower than the input, and .

In the scheme of the proposed torus, the maximum but possible output is frp 1 (1 + k «)

life equals

U

U

YOU X

 and

input (l-k2)

k2

in - input voltage; k and the ratio of turns to tap before the start of the winding to the total number of the vitcor in the marking of the first 1 and second 2 transformers respectively. Ilp i approximation of k to unity, the arc can be unboundedly growing, Minimum possible output papr-scale

five

 Whose u

Bnd-k,) (l-k2). With

approximation of k. If k to e; bf, the magnitude of the output voltage tends to.

Thus, the range of adjustment in the proposed controller is practically unlimited.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula thirty Ignsnyi regulator of alternating voltage contained; the first transformer with two identical windings, which / kda of which is made with by diverting, the first divergent leads are connected to the common bus through the first and second key elements, respectively, and the second divergent wires of the windings are connected to the input winding water, the second transformer with two identical windings having branches, which are connected to the first terminals of the third and fourth key elements, respectively, and the first the opposite winding terminals are connected to the common bus through the fifth and sixth key elements, the master oscillator, the direct and inverse outputs of which are connected to equal inputs of the third and fourth key elements, respectively, the first and second phase-shifting nodes, the synchronization inputs of which are connected to the control output master oscillator galvanically connected to its direct output, control inputs to the output for connecting the control voltage source, direct outputs to the control the first and fifth key elements, respectively, and the inverse outputs, to the control inputs of the second and sixth key elements, respectively, are distinguished by the fact that, in order to extend the control range of the output Ј 7yinp Utspr at i silt ten P IV five n n n voltage, taps on the windings of the first transformer are connected to the second terminals of the third and fourth key elements, respectively, and the second opposite terminals of the windings of the second transformer are connected to the output terminal. yinp Imprint 1 1. u rn iZJ JL rig1 U u u