SU1523236A1 - Method of producing forgings with tags - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and, in particular, to methods for producing forgings for the shafts of cardan shafts. The purpose of the invention is to reduce metal consumption. By extruding the heated billet, the central part of the forging is formed and four processes with spherical ends of height H = 0.3 ... 0.4 of the diameter of the process, and then each pair of processes of the forging is made with transverse wedge rolling. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming, in particular, to methods for producing forgings of cross shafts of cardan shafts, and can be used in the automotive industry in the manufacture of forgings of crosses of cardan shafts.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the consumption of metal.

FIG. 1 shows the original blank; in fig. 2 - semi-finished product after extrusion; in fig. 3 - forging after the first cross wedge rolling; in fig. 4 - the same, after the second transition.

The method is implemented as follows.

The severed cylindrical billet (Fig. 1) is heated and fed into a stamp with detachable dies, where the operation of direct extrusion of the central part of the cross and transverse extrusion of four short processes under the trunnion with spherical ends with a height of 0.3 ... 0.4 D (Fig. 2).

Extrusion of shortened processes that do not have steps on the outer diameter is much easier due to the reduction of the forces of friction and deformation work. The spacer force is also reduced accordingly, therefore, the punch does not open and at this stage of processing a non-layer stamping of the semi-finished product is carried out, the volume of which is equal to the volume of the finished forging.

Further shaping of the forging is carried out by transverse-wedge rolling (PEP) of processes under the trunnions. This type of shaping is exactly the method that allows shaping the trunnions in the direction of their longitudinal axes.

In order to obtain an even end when shaping the journal at the extrusion stage, spherical protrusions with a height of 3 ... 0.4 D are formed, where D is the process diameter. The largest size of the protrusion (0.4 D) is limited by the fact that with a higher height of the pullout, tensile stresses at the free end of the process increase, which leads to the formation of cracks.

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In the case of 3D, in the corners of the punch, zones of hindered metal leakage are formed, which leads to an increase in the spreading force and the opening of the matrices (leaking out).

To align the butt with the protrusion, 3 ... 0.4 D, it is necessary to roll the shoots with the degree of reduction, 5 ... 1.7. An excess of the reduction rate of more than 1.7 during rolling leads to the formation of a weave on the end face, since the outer layers lengthen the grinding operation, more than the central layers were lengthened during extrusion. If, 5, the protrusion on the end partly remains. In both cases, additional removal of metal is necessary to align the ends on the centers.

Redno, in two stages, the cross-wedge rolling of each pair of opposite trunnions. . Rolling was carried out at a heating temperature of the forging of 950 ° C. Cylindrical processes of 023.7 mm were deformed with known wedge tools with taper angles and side tilt angles with the formation of stepped trunnions (step diameters of 16.6 and 15.8 mm) with allowance for subsequent

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 15 A method of manufacturing forgings with spikes, mainly of the type of cardan shafts, consisting in heating. Example. The initial billet-dimensional billet and its subsequent molds were chopped from a bar cylindrical billet 034 and 50 mm long. On the first transition, the heated HDTV to 1150 ° С was stamped into the well-known stamp with separable dies. The forging was formed by direct extrusion of the central part of the cross and transverse extrusion of four processes under the trunnions with a diameter of 23.7 mm and a length of 24.5 mm with convex ends of a height of 9.0 mm. Then carried out, otherwise 25 formation using stamping and cross-wedge rolling, characterized in that, in order to reduce the consumption of metal, initially produced by stamping by extrusion, the central part of the forging is formed and spikes with spherical ends, 3 ... 0.4 D, where D is the diameter process, and then alternately roll each pair of opposite processes with the degree of reduction, 5 ... 1.7. U grinding operation, 23236 four Redno, in two stages, the cross-wedge rolling of each pair of opposite trunnions. . Rolling was carried out at a heating temperature of the forging of 950 ° C. Cylindrical processes of 023.7 mm were deformed with known wedge tools with taper angles and side tilt angles with the formation of stepped trunnions (step diameters of 16.6 and 15.8 mm) with allowance for subsequent Lifting, Invention Formula YU 15 formation using stamping and cross-wedge rolling, characterized in that, in order to reduce the consumption of metal, initially produced by stamping by extrusion, the central part of the forging is formed and spikes with spherical ends, 3 ... 0.4 D, where D is the diameter process, and then alternately roll each pair of opposite processes with the degree of reduction, 5 ... 1.7. Phie. .l..OM Fie.2 Fig.Z