SU1416129A1 - Method of extinguishing fires of highly inflammable and flammable fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for extinguishing fires of flammable and combustible liquids, can be used at oil and gas production, processing and storage facilities. oil and petroleum products and reduces the cost of extinguishing by reducing the consumption of fire extinguishing powder. The method includes the sequential supply of fire extinguishing powder, which is supplied to the near surface surface with the creation of a gas-powder curtain, then the supply of foam in the zone of formation of the gas-powder curtain to the fire center with the subsequent elimination of the fire by flattening the supply of fire extinguishing powder over the resulting foam layer. 1 hp f-ly, 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to a method of extinguishing fires of flammable-borne: with and flammable liquids and can be used at oil and gas production, processing and storage of oil and petroleum products. ; . The purpose of the invention is to reduce the quenching of the extinguishing by reducing the consumption of fire extinguishing powder, reducing the time for preparation and direct extinguishing, and increasing the extinguishing efficiency — achieved by sequentially performing the following steps:

 1) the fire extinguishing powder is fed to the Near Surface Burning Zone with a gas turbine curtain 2) supplying foam to the entire surface of the eren with a layer from 250 to 500 mm; I 3) fire extinguishing powder is delivered in a horizontal plane, parallel to JIO with a layer of foam (flat), I In the first stage, fire extinguishing agent i) omoK is fed to the near-surface zone - the area of preparation of combustion products where intense evaporation from the surface of the burning liquid occurs . At the supply sites, a gas curtain is created. The powder is supplied to the places indicated by the fire extinguisher, where the foam generators are subsequently introduced. In this case, the process of inhibition of flame combustion occurs, a shielding effect is created, which significantly reduces thermal radiation and allows turning the foam around the fire to extinguish, and also protects the grids of foam generators from fire in the initial stage of the attack.

In the second stage, foam is applied to the entire burning surface in order to form its layer from-250 to 500 mm, which thus reduces the burning area. Such a layer of medium-sized foam can be obtained under any conditions without special engineering structures (embankments, sediments, etc.). Along with a decrease in the area of burning, due to the insulation of the surface of flammable and combustible liquids, their surface layers are cooled. enclosing structures. and reinforcement, which is very important in the third stage of the final quenching as a measure to prevent re-ignition from heated surfaces. Od

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However, at this stage the quenching does not occur due to the small thickness of the foam layer.

In the third stage, fire extinguishing powder is supplied to effect the final elimination of the fire. The powder is served flat over a layer of foam, so that the gas-powder jet does not disrupt or destroy it. Since at the second stage favorable conditions were prepared and the burning of fires remained, it was only in areas where the foam layer was insufficient to create extinguishing conditions. Therefore, quenching is achieved by a small amount of the odorless powder due to its high phlegmatizing and inhibitory effect.

Purposeful and consistent use of specific properties inherent in each of the extinguishing agents (for the extinguishing powder - shielding effect, inhibition and phlegmatization; for the air-mechanical foam - insulating and cooling effect), provides ng reliable extinguishing. At the same time, the consumption of fire extinguishing substances, time for concentration of forces and fire extinguishing agents, and material costs for extinguishing are significantly reduced.

Example 1. Carried out experiments on the extinguishing of a metal tank with a surface area of 5.96 m and a height of 1400 mm. The tank was filled with an unstable gas condenser and ignited. The height of free sides during the experiments was from 240 to 300 mm. The quenching foam was supplied with an average multiplicity of 70-100, and 6% solutions of PO-1D or SAMPO foam concentrators were used. who filed from AC-40 (131) to GSP-200. OP-10 (3) and OP-50 (3) extinguishers were used to supply the fire extinguishing powder.

Quenching was performed in the following sequence: 1) the extinguishing powder was applied for 3-4 seconds to form a gas-powder curtain, then foam was supplied to the places where the curtain was formed; 2) air-mechanical foam and the entire burning surface were supplied before filling the free sides, i.e. A layer thickness of 240-300 mm, 3) fire extinguishing powder was applied until the final elimination of burning was laid flat under a layer of foam.

The results of the experiments were given in the table.

Example 2. Carried out about the attempts to extinguish an earthquake area of 40 m with an embankment of 430 mm in height. The boil was filled with oil with a layer of 200-230 mm and ignited. The quenching foam was served at an average multiplicity of 70-100. With this, a 6% solution of the PO-1D foam former was used, which was supplied from AC-40 (131) to GSP-600. OP-50 fire extinguishers (3) were used to supply the extinguishing powder.

Quenching was performed according to example 1,

The results of the experiments are shown in the table.

The proposed method is suitable for extinguishing both combustible (oil) and flammable liquids (unstable gas condensate). The method can be successfully applied both at a low freeboard height and in its absence. Compared to the prototype, the consumption of fire extinguishing powder is 2.8 times less on average, and foam consumption is 1.7 times more, i.e. Extinguishing costs will be significantly lower.

Quenching by the proposed method is much more effective due to the targeted use of properties characteristic of each of the flammable substances. Extinguishing

according to the prototype, vrlets through the flame or with the help of a spotter, as the powder cloud significantly impairs visibility.

With this method of titration, the number of people taking part in extinguishing and the time of their stay in the high temperature zone decreases. The safety of the stay of the operators in the fire extinguishing zone is increased, the grids of the foam generators are protected from destruction.

Fore. Mule Invention

 1. A method of extinguishing fires of flammable and combustible liquids, including the sequential supply of fire extinguishing powder and foam to form a protective layer of foam on the surface, liquid, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of extinguishing by reducing the consumption of extinguishing powder, an additional layer of foam is added to the foam layer. a layer of fire extinguishing powder is applied, and the powder is supplied to the subsurface combustion zone before the foam is supplied to form at least one gas powder for the balance.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of foam is carried out in the zone of formation of a gas-powder curtain.

Claims (2)

1. A method of extinguishing fires of flammable and combustible liquids, comprising the sequential supply of extinguishing powder and foam until a protective layer of foam is formed on the surface. liquid, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of extinguishing by reducing the consumption of extinguishing powder, an extinguishing layer is additionally applied to the foam layer. powder, while the powder is supplied before the foam is supplied to the surface combustion zone until at least one gas-powder curtain is formed. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the foam is carried out in the zone of formation of the gas curtain.