SU126271A1 - The method of feeding alumina aluminum electrolysis cells - Google Patents

Description

The idea of carrying out continuous or semi-continuous feeding of an aluminum electrolyzer with alumina arose a long time ago due to the laboriousness and inefficiency of the existing feeding method through the cryolite-alumina crust to the electrolyte. However, until now, a satisfactory constructive solution has not yet been found for the implementation of continuous or semi-continuous feeding of electrolysis cells with alumina.

According to the proposed method, the supply of alumina to the electrolyte is made through a window punched in the electrolyte crust using a vibrator, which mixes the alumina and creates the conditions for its rapid dissociation in the electrolyte, to prevent precipitation. The loading interval is from 5 to 15 minutes; during this time there is no time to create a solid crust. The amount of alumina added is determined by the bath capacity and the rate of alumina dissolution. Alumina dosage is produced by volume with a special dispenser. The crust does not break through for 10-12 days.

FIG. 1 and 2, an apparatus for carrying out the inventive method is presented in two versions. Alumina is introduced into the electrolyte by means of a vibrator 1 (Fig. 1), to which the pneumatic cylinder 2 is attached; A spherical pump 4 with openings for the alumina outlet is attached to the pneumatic cylinder brush coupling 3.

The alumina from the metering device 5 through the pipe 6 after a certain period of time is automatically poured into the pump, where it is heated and calcined, as the pump is in an off position in the electrolyte. The inclusion of the vibrator and the pneumatic cylinder occurs simultaneously. This ensures that the pump is cleaned from sticking electrolyte and alumina is released to the surface of the molten electrolyte.

No. 126271

through its openings. Vibration nappe immersed in the electrolyte causes the alumina to move away from itself, thereby increasing the rate of dissolution of the alumina in the electrolyte; In addition, the alumina particles, acquiring the kinetic energy received from the vibrator, move simultaneously into the electrolyte and along the anode.

The vibrator and pump are positioned so that the amplitude of the vibration is horizontal; This is achieved by installing the pump at an angle of 25-30 ° to the horizon. The plot of the vibrator forces is perpendicular to the tangents drawn to the spherical surface of the pump. These forces try to push the pump out of the electrolyte, but since the pump and the vibrator are connected, the electrolyte moves. The direction of oscillation is such that vamping of the metal at the bottom of the bath is excluded.

In the device according to the second embodiment, the vibrator 7 is attached. to the plate 8, which is in the horizontal plane. The plate 9 is attached to the tip 9, which is in the electrolyte.

From the dispenser 10 at certain intervals, depending on the rate of decomposition of alumina, the latter enters the chute 11. The dispenser alumina enters from the bunker 12 located on the bath through the gate 13, which automatically opens and closes at certain intervals. A spring 14 connected to the pipe 15 transmits vibrations of the vibrator, ensuring the flow of alumina through the gate 16 through the pipe 15. Alumina trapped in the chute 11 is heated and calcined. After the vibrator is turned on, the alumina through the window in the groove gets onto the plate 8, which is located at an angle of about 6 ° to the horizon. Alumina enters the electrolyte via the tip 9, which vibrates in the electrolyte and causes the electrolyte to move away from itself. The amplitude of oscillation is sent horizontally. With the continuous supply of alumina through the diaphragm to the chute, with the rate of alumina decomposition in the electrolyte and continuous vibration, the method of feeding the baths will be continuous;

Subject invention

Claims (3)

1. A method of feeding alumina aluminum electrolysis cells, characterized in that, in order to ensure the mixing of the electrolyte and the creation of conditions for the rapid dissociation of alumina in it, not allowing precipitation to fall out and stirring up the metal on the hearth, alumina is fed into the electrolyte using vibration. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that a spherical pump with openings is attached to the vibrator, which is installed in the electrolyte at an angle of 25-30 ° to the horizontal. 3. A variation of the device according to claim 2 for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibrator is rigidly connected to a plate at an angle of about 6 ° to the horizon, at the end of which is fixed a tip for the alumina outlet, which is in the electrolyte.